xref: /openbmc/linux/net/ceph/crush/mapper.c (revision 0da85d1e)
1 
2 #ifdef __KERNEL__
3 # include <linux/string.h>
4 # include <linux/slab.h>
5 # include <linux/bug.h>
6 # include <linux/kernel.h>
7 # ifndef dprintk
8 #  define dprintk(args...)
9 # endif
10 #else
11 # include <string.h>
12 # include <stdio.h>
13 # include <stdlib.h>
14 # include <assert.h>
15 # define BUG_ON(x) assert(!(x))
16 # define dprintk(args...) /* printf(args) */
17 # define kmalloc(x, f) malloc(x)
18 # define kfree(x) free(x)
19 #endif
20 
21 #include <linux/crush/crush.h>
22 #include <linux/crush/hash.h>
23 #include "crush_ln_table.h"
24 
25 /*
26  * Implement the core CRUSH mapping algorithm.
27  */
28 
29 /**
30  * crush_find_rule - find a crush_rule id for a given ruleset, type, and size.
31  * @map: the crush_map
32  * @ruleset: the storage ruleset id (user defined)
33  * @type: storage ruleset type (user defined)
34  * @size: output set size
35  */
36 int crush_find_rule(const struct crush_map *map, int ruleset, int type, int size)
37 {
38 	__u32 i;
39 
40 	for (i = 0; i < map->max_rules; i++) {
41 		if (map->rules[i] &&
42 		    map->rules[i]->mask.ruleset == ruleset &&
43 		    map->rules[i]->mask.type == type &&
44 		    map->rules[i]->mask.min_size <= size &&
45 		    map->rules[i]->mask.max_size >= size)
46 			return i;
47 	}
48 	return -1;
49 }
50 
51 
52 /*
53  * bucket choose methods
54  *
55  * For each bucket algorithm, we have a "choose" method that, given a
56  * crush input @x and replica position (usually, position in output set) @r,
57  * will produce an item in the bucket.
58  */
59 
60 /*
61  * Choose based on a random permutation of the bucket.
62  *
63  * We used to use some prime number arithmetic to do this, but it
64  * wasn't very random, and had some other bad behaviors.  Instead, we
65  * calculate an actual random permutation of the bucket members.
66  * Since this is expensive, we optimize for the r=0 case, which
67  * captures the vast majority of calls.
68  */
69 static int bucket_perm_choose(struct crush_bucket *bucket,
70 			      int x, int r)
71 {
72 	unsigned int pr = r % bucket->size;
73 	unsigned int i, s;
74 
75 	/* start a new permutation if @x has changed */
76 	if (bucket->perm_x != (__u32)x || bucket->perm_n == 0) {
77 		dprintk("bucket %d new x=%d\n", bucket->id, x);
78 		bucket->perm_x = x;
79 
80 		/* optimize common r=0 case */
81 		if (pr == 0) {
82 			s = crush_hash32_3(bucket->hash, x, bucket->id, 0) %
83 				bucket->size;
84 			bucket->perm[0] = s;
85 			bucket->perm_n = 0xffff;   /* magic value, see below */
86 			goto out;
87 		}
88 
89 		for (i = 0; i < bucket->size; i++)
90 			bucket->perm[i] = i;
91 		bucket->perm_n = 0;
92 	} else if (bucket->perm_n == 0xffff) {
93 		/* clean up after the r=0 case above */
94 		for (i = 1; i < bucket->size; i++)
95 			bucket->perm[i] = i;
96 		bucket->perm[bucket->perm[0]] = 0;
97 		bucket->perm_n = 1;
98 	}
99 
100 	/* calculate permutation up to pr */
101 	for (i = 0; i < bucket->perm_n; i++)
102 		dprintk(" perm_choose have %d: %d\n", i, bucket->perm[i]);
103 	while (bucket->perm_n <= pr) {
104 		unsigned int p = bucket->perm_n;
105 		/* no point in swapping the final entry */
106 		if (p < bucket->size - 1) {
107 			i = crush_hash32_3(bucket->hash, x, bucket->id, p) %
108 				(bucket->size - p);
109 			if (i) {
110 				unsigned int t = bucket->perm[p + i];
111 				bucket->perm[p + i] = bucket->perm[p];
112 				bucket->perm[p] = t;
113 			}
114 			dprintk(" perm_choose swap %d with %d\n", p, p+i);
115 		}
116 		bucket->perm_n++;
117 	}
118 	for (i = 0; i < bucket->size; i++)
119 		dprintk(" perm_choose  %d: %d\n", i, bucket->perm[i]);
120 
121 	s = bucket->perm[pr];
122 out:
123 	dprintk(" perm_choose %d sz=%d x=%d r=%d (%d) s=%d\n", bucket->id,
124 		bucket->size, x, r, pr, s);
125 	return bucket->items[s];
126 }
127 
128 /* uniform */
129 static int bucket_uniform_choose(struct crush_bucket_uniform *bucket,
130 				 int x, int r)
131 {
132 	return bucket_perm_choose(&bucket->h, x, r);
133 }
134 
135 /* list */
136 static int bucket_list_choose(struct crush_bucket_list *bucket,
137 			      int x, int r)
138 {
139 	int i;
140 
141 	for (i = bucket->h.size-1; i >= 0; i--) {
142 		__u64 w = crush_hash32_4(bucket->h.hash,x, bucket->h.items[i],
143 					 r, bucket->h.id);
144 		w &= 0xffff;
145 		dprintk("list_choose i=%d x=%d r=%d item %d weight %x "
146 			"sw %x rand %llx",
147 			i, x, r, bucket->h.items[i], bucket->item_weights[i],
148 			bucket->sum_weights[i], w);
149 		w *= bucket->sum_weights[i];
150 		w = w >> 16;
151 		/*dprintk(" scaled %llx\n", w);*/
152 		if (w < bucket->item_weights[i])
153 			return bucket->h.items[i];
154 	}
155 
156 	dprintk("bad list sums for bucket %d\n", bucket->h.id);
157 	return bucket->h.items[0];
158 }
159 
160 
161 /* (binary) tree */
162 static int height(int n)
163 {
164 	int h = 0;
165 	while ((n & 1) == 0) {
166 		h++;
167 		n = n >> 1;
168 	}
169 	return h;
170 }
171 
172 static int left(int x)
173 {
174 	int h = height(x);
175 	return x - (1 << (h-1));
176 }
177 
178 static int right(int x)
179 {
180 	int h = height(x);
181 	return x + (1 << (h-1));
182 }
183 
184 static int terminal(int x)
185 {
186 	return x & 1;
187 }
188 
189 static int bucket_tree_choose(struct crush_bucket_tree *bucket,
190 			      int x, int r)
191 {
192 	int n;
193 	__u32 w;
194 	__u64 t;
195 
196 	/* start at root */
197 	n = bucket->num_nodes >> 1;
198 
199 	while (!terminal(n)) {
200 		int l;
201 		/* pick point in [0, w) */
202 		w = bucket->node_weights[n];
203 		t = (__u64)crush_hash32_4(bucket->h.hash, x, n, r,
204 					  bucket->h.id) * (__u64)w;
205 		t = t >> 32;
206 
207 		/* descend to the left or right? */
208 		l = left(n);
209 		if (t < bucket->node_weights[l])
210 			n = l;
211 		else
212 			n = right(n);
213 	}
214 
215 	return bucket->h.items[n >> 1];
216 }
217 
218 
219 /* straw */
220 
221 static int bucket_straw_choose(struct crush_bucket_straw *bucket,
222 			       int x, int r)
223 {
224 	__u32 i;
225 	int high = 0;
226 	__u64 high_draw = 0;
227 	__u64 draw;
228 
229 	for (i = 0; i < bucket->h.size; i++) {
230 		draw = crush_hash32_3(bucket->h.hash, x, bucket->h.items[i], r);
231 		draw &= 0xffff;
232 		draw *= bucket->straws[i];
233 		if (i == 0 || draw > high_draw) {
234 			high = i;
235 			high_draw = draw;
236 		}
237 	}
238 	return bucket->h.items[high];
239 }
240 
241 // compute 2^44*log2(input+1)
242 uint64_t crush_ln(unsigned xin)
243 {
244     unsigned x=xin, x1;
245     int iexpon, index1, index2;
246     uint64_t RH, LH, LL, xl64, result;
247 
248     x++;
249 
250     // normalize input
251     iexpon = 15;
252     while(!(x&0x18000)) { x<<=1; iexpon--; }
253 
254     index1 = (x>>8)<<1;
255     // RH ~ 2^56/index1
256     RH = __RH_LH_tbl[index1 - 256];
257     // LH ~ 2^48 * log2(index1/256)
258     LH = __RH_LH_tbl[index1 + 1 - 256];
259 
260     // RH*x ~ 2^48 * (2^15 + xf), xf<2^8
261     xl64 = (int64_t)x * RH;
262     xl64 >>= 48;
263     x1 = xl64;
264 
265     result = iexpon;
266     result <<= (12 + 32);
267 
268     index2 = x1 & 0xff;
269     // LL ~ 2^48*log2(1.0+index2/2^15)
270     LL = __LL_tbl[index2];
271 
272     LH = LH + LL;
273 
274     LH >>= (48-12 - 32);
275     result += LH;
276 
277     return result;
278 }
279 
280 
281 /*
282  * straw2
283  *
284  * for reference, see:
285  *
286  * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_distribution#Distribution_of_the_minimum_of_exponential_random_variables
287  *
288  */
289 
290 static int bucket_straw2_choose(struct crush_bucket_straw2 *bucket,
291 				int x, int r)
292 {
293 	unsigned i, high = 0;
294 	unsigned u;
295 	unsigned w;
296 	__s64 ln, draw, high_draw = 0;
297 
298 	for (i = 0; i < bucket->h.size; i++) {
299 		w = bucket->item_weights[i];
300 		if (w) {
301 			u = crush_hash32_3(bucket->h.hash, x,
302 					   bucket->h.items[i], r);
303 			u &= 0xffff;
304 
305 			/*
306 			 * for some reason slightly less than 0x10000 produces
307 			 * a slightly more accurate distribution... probably a
308 			 * rounding effect.
309 			 *
310 			 * the natural log lookup table maps [0,0xffff]
311 			 * (corresponding to real numbers [1/0x10000, 1] to
312 			 * [0, 0xffffffffffff] (corresponding to real numbers
313 			 * [-11.090355,0]).
314 			 */
315 			ln = crush_ln(u) - 0x1000000000000ll;
316 
317 			/*
318 			 * divide by 16.16 fixed-point weight.  note
319 			 * that the ln value is negative, so a larger
320 			 * weight means a larger (less negative) value
321 			 * for draw.
322 			 */
323 			draw = div64_s64(ln, w);
324 		} else {
325 			draw = S64_MIN;
326 		}
327 
328 		if (i == 0 || draw > high_draw) {
329 			high = i;
330 			high_draw = draw;
331 		}
332 	}
333 	return bucket->h.items[high];
334 }
335 
336 
337 static int crush_bucket_choose(struct crush_bucket *in, int x, int r)
338 {
339 	dprintk(" crush_bucket_choose %d x=%d r=%d\n", in->id, x, r);
340 	BUG_ON(in->size == 0);
341 	switch (in->alg) {
342 	case CRUSH_BUCKET_UNIFORM:
343 		return bucket_uniform_choose((struct crush_bucket_uniform *)in,
344 					  x, r);
345 	case CRUSH_BUCKET_LIST:
346 		return bucket_list_choose((struct crush_bucket_list *)in,
347 					  x, r);
348 	case CRUSH_BUCKET_TREE:
349 		return bucket_tree_choose((struct crush_bucket_tree *)in,
350 					  x, r);
351 	case CRUSH_BUCKET_STRAW:
352 		return bucket_straw_choose((struct crush_bucket_straw *)in,
353 					   x, r);
354 	case CRUSH_BUCKET_STRAW2:
355 		return bucket_straw2_choose((struct crush_bucket_straw2 *)in,
356 					    x, r);
357 	default:
358 		dprintk("unknown bucket %d alg %d\n", in->id, in->alg);
359 		return in->items[0];
360 	}
361 }
362 
363 
364 /*
365  * true if device is marked "out" (failed, fully offloaded)
366  * of the cluster
367  */
368 static int is_out(const struct crush_map *map,
369 		  const __u32 *weight, int weight_max,
370 		  int item, int x)
371 {
372 	if (item >= weight_max)
373 		return 1;
374 	if (weight[item] >= 0x10000)
375 		return 0;
376 	if (weight[item] == 0)
377 		return 1;
378 	if ((crush_hash32_2(CRUSH_HASH_RJENKINS1, x, item) & 0xffff)
379 	    < weight[item])
380 		return 0;
381 	return 1;
382 }
383 
384 /**
385  * crush_choose_firstn - choose numrep distinct items of given type
386  * @map: the crush_map
387  * @bucket: the bucket we are choose an item from
388  * @x: crush input value
389  * @numrep: the number of items to choose
390  * @type: the type of item to choose
391  * @out: pointer to output vector
392  * @outpos: our position in that vector
393  * @out_size: size of the out vector
394  * @tries: number of attempts to make
395  * @recurse_tries: number of attempts to have recursive chooseleaf make
396  * @local_retries: localized retries
397  * @local_fallback_retries: localized fallback retries
398  * @recurse_to_leaf: true if we want one device under each item of given type (chooseleaf instead of choose)
399  * @vary_r: pass r to recursive calls
400  * @out2: second output vector for leaf items (if @recurse_to_leaf)
401  * @parent_r: r value passed from the parent
402  */
403 static int crush_choose_firstn(const struct crush_map *map,
404 			       struct crush_bucket *bucket,
405 			       const __u32 *weight, int weight_max,
406 			       int x, int numrep, int type,
407 			       int *out, int outpos,
408 			       int out_size,
409 			       unsigned int tries,
410 			       unsigned int recurse_tries,
411 			       unsigned int local_retries,
412 			       unsigned int local_fallback_retries,
413 			       int recurse_to_leaf,
414 			       unsigned int vary_r,
415 			       int *out2,
416 			       int parent_r)
417 {
418 	int rep;
419 	unsigned int ftotal, flocal;
420 	int retry_descent, retry_bucket, skip_rep;
421 	struct crush_bucket *in = bucket;
422 	int r;
423 	int i;
424 	int item = 0;
425 	int itemtype;
426 	int collide, reject;
427 	int count = out_size;
428 
429 	dprintk("CHOOSE%s bucket %d x %d outpos %d numrep %d tries %d recurse_tries %d local_retries %d local_fallback_retries %d parent_r %d\n",
430 		recurse_to_leaf ? "_LEAF" : "",
431 		bucket->id, x, outpos, numrep,
432 		tries, recurse_tries, local_retries, local_fallback_retries,
433 		parent_r);
434 
435 	for (rep = outpos; rep < numrep && count > 0 ; rep++) {
436 		/* keep trying until we get a non-out, non-colliding item */
437 		ftotal = 0;
438 		skip_rep = 0;
439 		do {
440 			retry_descent = 0;
441 			in = bucket;               /* initial bucket */
442 
443 			/* choose through intervening buckets */
444 			flocal = 0;
445 			do {
446 				collide = 0;
447 				retry_bucket = 0;
448 				r = rep + parent_r;
449 				/* r' = r + f_total */
450 				r += ftotal;
451 
452 				/* bucket choose */
453 				if (in->size == 0) {
454 					reject = 1;
455 					goto reject;
456 				}
457 				if (local_fallback_retries > 0 &&
458 				    flocal >= (in->size>>1) &&
459 				    flocal > local_fallback_retries)
460 					item = bucket_perm_choose(in, x, r);
461 				else
462 					item = crush_bucket_choose(in, x, r);
463 				if (item >= map->max_devices) {
464 					dprintk("   bad item %d\n", item);
465 					skip_rep = 1;
466 					break;
467 				}
468 
469 				/* desired type? */
470 				if (item < 0)
471 					itemtype = map->buckets[-1-item]->type;
472 				else
473 					itemtype = 0;
474 				dprintk("  item %d type %d\n", item, itemtype);
475 
476 				/* keep going? */
477 				if (itemtype != type) {
478 					if (item >= 0 ||
479 					    (-1-item) >= map->max_buckets) {
480 						dprintk("   bad item type %d\n", type);
481 						skip_rep = 1;
482 						break;
483 					}
484 					in = map->buckets[-1-item];
485 					retry_bucket = 1;
486 					continue;
487 				}
488 
489 				/* collision? */
490 				for (i = 0; i < outpos; i++) {
491 					if (out[i] == item) {
492 						collide = 1;
493 						break;
494 					}
495 				}
496 
497 				reject = 0;
498 				if (!collide && recurse_to_leaf) {
499 					if (item < 0) {
500 						int sub_r;
501 						if (vary_r)
502 							sub_r = r >> (vary_r-1);
503 						else
504 							sub_r = 0;
505 						if (crush_choose_firstn(map,
506 							 map->buckets[-1-item],
507 							 weight, weight_max,
508 							 x, outpos+1, 0,
509 							 out2, outpos, count,
510 							 recurse_tries, 0,
511 							 local_retries,
512 							 local_fallback_retries,
513 							 0,
514 							 vary_r,
515 							 NULL,
516 							 sub_r) <= outpos)
517 							/* didn't get leaf */
518 							reject = 1;
519 					} else {
520 						/* we already have a leaf! */
521 						out2[outpos] = item;
522 					}
523 				}
524 
525 				if (!reject) {
526 					/* out? */
527 					if (itemtype == 0)
528 						reject = is_out(map, weight,
529 								weight_max,
530 								item, x);
531 					else
532 						reject = 0;
533 				}
534 
535 reject:
536 				if (reject || collide) {
537 					ftotal++;
538 					flocal++;
539 
540 					if (collide && flocal <= local_retries)
541 						/* retry locally a few times */
542 						retry_bucket = 1;
543 					else if (local_fallback_retries > 0 &&
544 						 flocal <= in->size + local_fallback_retries)
545 						/* exhaustive bucket search */
546 						retry_bucket = 1;
547 					else if (ftotal < tries)
548 						/* then retry descent */
549 						retry_descent = 1;
550 					else
551 						/* else give up */
552 						skip_rep = 1;
553 					dprintk("  reject %d  collide %d  "
554 						"ftotal %u  flocal %u\n",
555 						reject, collide, ftotal,
556 						flocal);
557 				}
558 			} while (retry_bucket);
559 		} while (retry_descent);
560 
561 		if (skip_rep) {
562 			dprintk("skip rep\n");
563 			continue;
564 		}
565 
566 		dprintk("CHOOSE got %d\n", item);
567 		out[outpos] = item;
568 		outpos++;
569 		count--;
570 	}
571 
572 	dprintk("CHOOSE returns %d\n", outpos);
573 	return outpos;
574 }
575 
576 
577 /**
578  * crush_choose_indep: alternative breadth-first positionally stable mapping
579  *
580  */
581 static void crush_choose_indep(const struct crush_map *map,
582 			       struct crush_bucket *bucket,
583 			       const __u32 *weight, int weight_max,
584 			       int x, int left, int numrep, int type,
585 			       int *out, int outpos,
586 			       unsigned int tries,
587 			       unsigned int recurse_tries,
588 			       int recurse_to_leaf,
589 			       int *out2,
590 			       int parent_r)
591 {
592 	struct crush_bucket *in = bucket;
593 	int endpos = outpos + left;
594 	int rep;
595 	unsigned int ftotal;
596 	int r;
597 	int i;
598 	int item = 0;
599 	int itemtype;
600 	int collide;
601 
602 	dprintk("CHOOSE%s INDEP bucket %d x %d outpos %d numrep %d\n", recurse_to_leaf ? "_LEAF" : "",
603 		bucket->id, x, outpos, numrep);
604 
605 	/* initially my result is undefined */
606 	for (rep = outpos; rep < endpos; rep++) {
607 		out[rep] = CRUSH_ITEM_UNDEF;
608 		if (out2)
609 			out2[rep] = CRUSH_ITEM_UNDEF;
610 	}
611 
612 	for (ftotal = 0; left > 0 && ftotal < tries; ftotal++) {
613 		for (rep = outpos; rep < endpos; rep++) {
614 			if (out[rep] != CRUSH_ITEM_UNDEF)
615 				continue;
616 
617 			in = bucket;  /* initial bucket */
618 
619 			/* choose through intervening buckets */
620 			for (;;) {
621 				/* note: we base the choice on the position
622 				 * even in the nested call.  that means that
623 				 * if the first layer chooses the same bucket
624 				 * in a different position, we will tend to
625 				 * choose a different item in that bucket.
626 				 * this will involve more devices in data
627 				 * movement and tend to distribute the load.
628 				 */
629 				r = rep + parent_r;
630 
631 				/* be careful */
632 				if (in->alg == CRUSH_BUCKET_UNIFORM &&
633 				    in->size % numrep == 0)
634 					/* r'=r+(n+1)*f_total */
635 					r += (numrep+1) * ftotal;
636 				else
637 					/* r' = r + n*f_total */
638 					r += numrep * ftotal;
639 
640 				/* bucket choose */
641 				if (in->size == 0) {
642 					dprintk("   empty bucket\n");
643 					break;
644 				}
645 
646 				item = crush_bucket_choose(in, x, r);
647 				if (item >= map->max_devices) {
648 					dprintk("   bad item %d\n", item);
649 					out[rep] = CRUSH_ITEM_NONE;
650 					if (out2)
651 						out2[rep] = CRUSH_ITEM_NONE;
652 					left--;
653 					break;
654 				}
655 
656 				/* desired type? */
657 				if (item < 0)
658 					itemtype = map->buckets[-1-item]->type;
659 				else
660 					itemtype = 0;
661 				dprintk("  item %d type %d\n", item, itemtype);
662 
663 				/* keep going? */
664 				if (itemtype != type) {
665 					if (item >= 0 ||
666 					    (-1-item) >= map->max_buckets) {
667 						dprintk("   bad item type %d\n", type);
668 						out[rep] = CRUSH_ITEM_NONE;
669 						if (out2)
670 							out2[rep] =
671 								CRUSH_ITEM_NONE;
672 						left--;
673 						break;
674 					}
675 					in = map->buckets[-1-item];
676 					continue;
677 				}
678 
679 				/* collision? */
680 				collide = 0;
681 				for (i = outpos; i < endpos; i++) {
682 					if (out[i] == item) {
683 						collide = 1;
684 						break;
685 					}
686 				}
687 				if (collide)
688 					break;
689 
690 				if (recurse_to_leaf) {
691 					if (item < 0) {
692 						crush_choose_indep(map,
693 						   map->buckets[-1-item],
694 						   weight, weight_max,
695 						   x, 1, numrep, 0,
696 						   out2, rep,
697 						   recurse_tries, 0,
698 						   0, NULL, r);
699 						if (out2[rep] == CRUSH_ITEM_NONE) {
700 							/* placed nothing; no leaf */
701 							break;
702 						}
703 					} else {
704 						/* we already have a leaf! */
705 						out2[rep] = item;
706 					}
707 				}
708 
709 				/* out? */
710 				if (itemtype == 0 &&
711 				    is_out(map, weight, weight_max, item, x))
712 					break;
713 
714 				/* yay! */
715 				out[rep] = item;
716 				left--;
717 				break;
718 			}
719 		}
720 	}
721 	for (rep = outpos; rep < endpos; rep++) {
722 		if (out[rep] == CRUSH_ITEM_UNDEF) {
723 			out[rep] = CRUSH_ITEM_NONE;
724 		}
725 		if (out2 && out2[rep] == CRUSH_ITEM_UNDEF) {
726 			out2[rep] = CRUSH_ITEM_NONE;
727 		}
728 	}
729 }
730 
731 /**
732  * crush_do_rule - calculate a mapping with the given input and rule
733  * @map: the crush_map
734  * @ruleno: the rule id
735  * @x: hash input
736  * @result: pointer to result vector
737  * @result_max: maximum result size
738  * @weight: weight vector (for map leaves)
739  * @weight_max: size of weight vector
740  * @scratch: scratch vector for private use; must be >= 3 * result_max
741  */
742 int crush_do_rule(const struct crush_map *map,
743 		  int ruleno, int x, int *result, int result_max,
744 		  const __u32 *weight, int weight_max,
745 		  int *scratch)
746 {
747 	int result_len;
748 	int *a = scratch;
749 	int *b = scratch + result_max;
750 	int *c = scratch + result_max*2;
751 	int recurse_to_leaf;
752 	int *w;
753 	int wsize = 0;
754 	int *o;
755 	int osize;
756 	int *tmp;
757 	struct crush_rule *rule;
758 	__u32 step;
759 	int i, j;
760 	int numrep;
761 	int out_size;
762 	/*
763 	 * the original choose_total_tries value was off by one (it
764 	 * counted "retries" and not "tries").  add one.
765 	 */
766 	int choose_tries = map->choose_total_tries + 1;
767 	int choose_leaf_tries = 0;
768 	/*
769 	 * the local tries values were counted as "retries", though,
770 	 * and need no adjustment
771 	 */
772 	int choose_local_retries = map->choose_local_tries;
773 	int choose_local_fallback_retries = map->choose_local_fallback_tries;
774 
775 	int vary_r = map->chooseleaf_vary_r;
776 
777 	if ((__u32)ruleno >= map->max_rules) {
778 		dprintk(" bad ruleno %d\n", ruleno);
779 		return 0;
780 	}
781 
782 	rule = map->rules[ruleno];
783 	result_len = 0;
784 	w = a;
785 	o = b;
786 
787 	for (step = 0; step < rule->len; step++) {
788 		int firstn = 0;
789 		struct crush_rule_step *curstep = &rule->steps[step];
790 
791 		switch (curstep->op) {
792 		case CRUSH_RULE_TAKE:
793 			w[0] = curstep->arg1;
794 			wsize = 1;
795 			break;
796 
797 		case CRUSH_RULE_SET_CHOOSE_TRIES:
798 			if (curstep->arg1 > 0)
799 				choose_tries = curstep->arg1;
800 			break;
801 
802 		case CRUSH_RULE_SET_CHOOSELEAF_TRIES:
803 			if (curstep->arg1 > 0)
804 				choose_leaf_tries = curstep->arg1;
805 			break;
806 
807 		case CRUSH_RULE_SET_CHOOSE_LOCAL_TRIES:
808 			if (curstep->arg1 >= 0)
809 				choose_local_retries = curstep->arg1;
810 			break;
811 
812 		case CRUSH_RULE_SET_CHOOSE_LOCAL_FALLBACK_TRIES:
813 			if (curstep->arg1 >= 0)
814 				choose_local_fallback_retries = curstep->arg1;
815 			break;
816 
817 		case CRUSH_RULE_SET_CHOOSELEAF_VARY_R:
818 			if (curstep->arg1 >= 0)
819 				vary_r = curstep->arg1;
820 			break;
821 
822 		case CRUSH_RULE_CHOOSELEAF_FIRSTN:
823 		case CRUSH_RULE_CHOOSE_FIRSTN:
824 			firstn = 1;
825 			/* fall through */
826 		case CRUSH_RULE_CHOOSELEAF_INDEP:
827 		case CRUSH_RULE_CHOOSE_INDEP:
828 			if (wsize == 0)
829 				break;
830 
831 			recurse_to_leaf =
832 				curstep->op ==
833 				 CRUSH_RULE_CHOOSELEAF_FIRSTN ||
834 				curstep->op ==
835 				CRUSH_RULE_CHOOSELEAF_INDEP;
836 
837 			/* reset output */
838 			osize = 0;
839 
840 			for (i = 0; i < wsize; i++) {
841 				/*
842 				 * see CRUSH_N, CRUSH_N_MINUS macros.
843 				 * basically, numrep <= 0 means relative to
844 				 * the provided result_max
845 				 */
846 				numrep = curstep->arg1;
847 				if (numrep <= 0) {
848 					numrep += result_max;
849 					if (numrep <= 0)
850 						continue;
851 				}
852 				j = 0;
853 				if (firstn) {
854 					int recurse_tries;
855 					if (choose_leaf_tries)
856 						recurse_tries =
857 							choose_leaf_tries;
858 					else if (map->chooseleaf_descend_once)
859 						recurse_tries = 1;
860 					else
861 						recurse_tries = choose_tries;
862 					osize += crush_choose_firstn(
863 						map,
864 						map->buckets[-1-w[i]],
865 						weight, weight_max,
866 						x, numrep,
867 						curstep->arg2,
868 						o+osize, j,
869 						result_max-osize,
870 						choose_tries,
871 						recurse_tries,
872 						choose_local_retries,
873 						choose_local_fallback_retries,
874 						recurse_to_leaf,
875 						vary_r,
876 						c+osize,
877 						0);
878 				} else {
879 					out_size = ((numrep < (result_max-osize)) ?
880                                                     numrep : (result_max-osize));
881 					crush_choose_indep(
882 						map,
883 						map->buckets[-1-w[i]],
884 						weight, weight_max,
885 						x, out_size, numrep,
886 						curstep->arg2,
887 						o+osize, j,
888 						choose_tries,
889 						choose_leaf_tries ?
890 						   choose_leaf_tries : 1,
891 						recurse_to_leaf,
892 						c+osize,
893 						0);
894 					osize += out_size;
895 				}
896 			}
897 
898 			if (recurse_to_leaf)
899 				/* copy final _leaf_ values to output set */
900 				memcpy(o, c, osize*sizeof(*o));
901 
902 			/* swap o and w arrays */
903 			tmp = o;
904 			o = w;
905 			w = tmp;
906 			wsize = osize;
907 			break;
908 
909 
910 		case CRUSH_RULE_EMIT:
911 			for (i = 0; i < wsize && result_len < result_max; i++) {
912 				result[result_len] = w[i];
913 				result_len++;
914 			}
915 			wsize = 0;
916 			break;
917 
918 		default:
919 			dprintk(" unknown op %d at step %d\n",
920 				curstep->op, step);
921 			break;
922 		}
923 	}
924 	return result_len;
925 }
926 
927 
928