xref: /openbmc/linux/mm/khugepaged.c (revision 7f9321ff)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
3 
4 #include <linux/mm.h>
5 #include <linux/sched.h>
6 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
7 #include <linux/sched/coredump.h>
8 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
9 #include <linux/rmap.h>
10 #include <linux/swap.h>
11 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
12 #include <linux/kthread.h>
13 #include <linux/khugepaged.h>
14 #include <linux/freezer.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
17 #include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
18 #include <linux/page_idle.h>
19 #include <linux/swapops.h>
20 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
21 
22 #include <asm/tlb.h>
23 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
24 #include "internal.h"
25 
26 enum scan_result {
27 	SCAN_FAIL,
28 	SCAN_SUCCEED,
29 	SCAN_PMD_NULL,
30 	SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE,
31 	SCAN_EXCEED_SWAP_PTE,
32 	SCAN_EXCEED_SHARED_PTE,
33 	SCAN_PTE_NON_PRESENT,
34 	SCAN_PTE_UFFD_WP,
35 	SCAN_PAGE_RO,
36 	SCAN_LACK_REFERENCED_PAGE,
37 	SCAN_PAGE_NULL,
38 	SCAN_SCAN_ABORT,
39 	SCAN_PAGE_COUNT,
40 	SCAN_PAGE_LRU,
41 	SCAN_PAGE_LOCK,
42 	SCAN_PAGE_ANON,
43 	SCAN_PAGE_COMPOUND,
44 	SCAN_ANY_PROCESS,
45 	SCAN_VMA_NULL,
46 	SCAN_VMA_CHECK,
47 	SCAN_ADDRESS_RANGE,
48 	SCAN_SWAP_CACHE_PAGE,
49 	SCAN_DEL_PAGE_LRU,
50 	SCAN_ALLOC_HUGE_PAGE_FAIL,
51 	SCAN_CGROUP_CHARGE_FAIL,
52 	SCAN_TRUNCATED,
53 	SCAN_PAGE_HAS_PRIVATE,
54 };
55 
56 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
57 #include <trace/events/huge_memory.h>
58 
59 static struct task_struct *khugepaged_thread __read_mostly;
60 static DEFINE_MUTEX(khugepaged_mutex);
61 
62 /* default scan 8*512 pte (or vmas) every 30 second */
63 static unsigned int khugepaged_pages_to_scan __read_mostly;
64 static unsigned int khugepaged_pages_collapsed;
65 static unsigned int khugepaged_full_scans;
66 static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs __read_mostly = 10000;
67 /* during fragmentation poll the hugepage allocator once every minute */
68 static unsigned int khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs __read_mostly = 60000;
69 static unsigned long khugepaged_sleep_expire;
70 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(khugepaged_mm_lock);
71 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(khugepaged_wait);
72 /*
73  * default collapse hugepages if there is at least one pte mapped like
74  * it would have happened if the vma was large enough during page
75  * fault.
76  */
77 static unsigned int khugepaged_max_ptes_none __read_mostly;
78 static unsigned int khugepaged_max_ptes_swap __read_mostly;
79 static unsigned int khugepaged_max_ptes_shared __read_mostly;
80 
81 #define MM_SLOTS_HASH_BITS 10
82 static __read_mostly DEFINE_HASHTABLE(mm_slots_hash, MM_SLOTS_HASH_BITS);
83 
84 static struct kmem_cache *mm_slot_cache __read_mostly;
85 
86 #define MAX_PTE_MAPPED_THP 8
87 
88 /**
89  * struct mm_slot - hash lookup from mm to mm_slot
90  * @hash: hash collision list
91  * @mm_node: khugepaged scan list headed in khugepaged_scan.mm_head
92  * @mm: the mm that this information is valid for
93  * @nr_pte_mapped_thp: number of pte mapped THP
94  * @pte_mapped_thp: address array corresponding pte mapped THP
95  */
96 struct mm_slot {
97 	struct hlist_node hash;
98 	struct list_head mm_node;
99 	struct mm_struct *mm;
100 
101 	/* pte-mapped THP in this mm */
102 	int nr_pte_mapped_thp;
103 	unsigned long pte_mapped_thp[MAX_PTE_MAPPED_THP];
104 };
105 
106 /**
107  * struct khugepaged_scan - cursor for scanning
108  * @mm_head: the head of the mm list to scan
109  * @mm_slot: the current mm_slot we are scanning
110  * @address: the next address inside that to be scanned
111  *
112  * There is only the one khugepaged_scan instance of this cursor structure.
113  */
114 struct khugepaged_scan {
115 	struct list_head mm_head;
116 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
117 	unsigned long address;
118 };
119 
120 static struct khugepaged_scan khugepaged_scan = {
121 	.mm_head = LIST_HEAD_INIT(khugepaged_scan.mm_head),
122 };
123 
124 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
125 static ssize_t scan_sleep_millisecs_show(struct kobject *kobj,
126 					 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
127 					 char *buf)
128 {
129 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs);
130 }
131 
132 static ssize_t scan_sleep_millisecs_store(struct kobject *kobj,
133 					  struct kobj_attribute *attr,
134 					  const char *buf, size_t count)
135 {
136 	unsigned int msecs;
137 	int err;
138 
139 	err = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &msecs);
140 	if (err)
141 		return -EINVAL;
142 
143 	khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs = msecs;
144 	khugepaged_sleep_expire = 0;
145 	wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
146 
147 	return count;
148 }
149 static struct kobj_attribute scan_sleep_millisecs_attr =
150 	__ATTR(scan_sleep_millisecs, 0644, scan_sleep_millisecs_show,
151 	       scan_sleep_millisecs_store);
152 
153 static ssize_t alloc_sleep_millisecs_show(struct kobject *kobj,
154 					  struct kobj_attribute *attr,
155 					  char *buf)
156 {
157 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs);
158 }
159 
160 static ssize_t alloc_sleep_millisecs_store(struct kobject *kobj,
161 					   struct kobj_attribute *attr,
162 					   const char *buf, size_t count)
163 {
164 	unsigned int msecs;
165 	int err;
166 
167 	err = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &msecs);
168 	if (err)
169 		return -EINVAL;
170 
171 	khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs = msecs;
172 	khugepaged_sleep_expire = 0;
173 	wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
174 
175 	return count;
176 }
177 static struct kobj_attribute alloc_sleep_millisecs_attr =
178 	__ATTR(alloc_sleep_millisecs, 0644, alloc_sleep_millisecs_show,
179 	       alloc_sleep_millisecs_store);
180 
181 static ssize_t pages_to_scan_show(struct kobject *kobj,
182 				  struct kobj_attribute *attr,
183 				  char *buf)
184 {
185 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_pages_to_scan);
186 }
187 static ssize_t pages_to_scan_store(struct kobject *kobj,
188 				   struct kobj_attribute *attr,
189 				   const char *buf, size_t count)
190 {
191 	unsigned int pages;
192 	int err;
193 
194 	err = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &pages);
195 	if (err || !pages)
196 		return -EINVAL;
197 
198 	khugepaged_pages_to_scan = pages;
199 
200 	return count;
201 }
202 static struct kobj_attribute pages_to_scan_attr =
203 	__ATTR(pages_to_scan, 0644, pages_to_scan_show,
204 	       pages_to_scan_store);
205 
206 static ssize_t pages_collapsed_show(struct kobject *kobj,
207 				    struct kobj_attribute *attr,
208 				    char *buf)
209 {
210 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_pages_collapsed);
211 }
212 static struct kobj_attribute pages_collapsed_attr =
213 	__ATTR_RO(pages_collapsed);
214 
215 static ssize_t full_scans_show(struct kobject *kobj,
216 			       struct kobj_attribute *attr,
217 			       char *buf)
218 {
219 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_full_scans);
220 }
221 static struct kobj_attribute full_scans_attr =
222 	__ATTR_RO(full_scans);
223 
224 static ssize_t khugepaged_defrag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
225 				      struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
226 {
227 	return single_hugepage_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
228 					 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KHUGEPAGED_FLAG);
229 }
230 static ssize_t khugepaged_defrag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
231 				       struct kobj_attribute *attr,
232 				       const char *buf, size_t count)
233 {
234 	return single_hugepage_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
235 				 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KHUGEPAGED_FLAG);
236 }
237 static struct kobj_attribute khugepaged_defrag_attr =
238 	__ATTR(defrag, 0644, khugepaged_defrag_show,
239 	       khugepaged_defrag_store);
240 
241 /*
242  * max_ptes_none controls if khugepaged should collapse hugepages over
243  * any unmapped ptes in turn potentially increasing the memory
244  * footprint of the vmas. When max_ptes_none is 0 khugepaged will not
245  * reduce the available free memory in the system as it
246  * runs. Increasing max_ptes_none will instead potentially reduce the
247  * free memory in the system during the khugepaged scan.
248  */
249 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_none_show(struct kobject *kobj,
250 					     struct kobj_attribute *attr,
251 					     char *buf)
252 {
253 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_max_ptes_none);
254 }
255 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_none_store(struct kobject *kobj,
256 					      struct kobj_attribute *attr,
257 					      const char *buf, size_t count)
258 {
259 	int err;
260 	unsigned long max_ptes_none;
261 
262 	err = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &max_ptes_none);
263 	if (err || max_ptes_none > HPAGE_PMD_NR-1)
264 		return -EINVAL;
265 
266 	khugepaged_max_ptes_none = max_ptes_none;
267 
268 	return count;
269 }
270 static struct kobj_attribute khugepaged_max_ptes_none_attr =
271 	__ATTR(max_ptes_none, 0644, khugepaged_max_ptes_none_show,
272 	       khugepaged_max_ptes_none_store);
273 
274 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_swap_show(struct kobject *kobj,
275 					     struct kobj_attribute *attr,
276 					     char *buf)
277 {
278 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_max_ptes_swap);
279 }
280 
281 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_swap_store(struct kobject *kobj,
282 					      struct kobj_attribute *attr,
283 					      const char *buf, size_t count)
284 {
285 	int err;
286 	unsigned long max_ptes_swap;
287 
288 	err  = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &max_ptes_swap);
289 	if (err || max_ptes_swap > HPAGE_PMD_NR-1)
290 		return -EINVAL;
291 
292 	khugepaged_max_ptes_swap = max_ptes_swap;
293 
294 	return count;
295 }
296 
297 static struct kobj_attribute khugepaged_max_ptes_swap_attr =
298 	__ATTR(max_ptes_swap, 0644, khugepaged_max_ptes_swap_show,
299 	       khugepaged_max_ptes_swap_store);
300 
301 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_shared_show(struct kobject *kobj,
302 					       struct kobj_attribute *attr,
303 					       char *buf)
304 {
305 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", khugepaged_max_ptes_shared);
306 }
307 
308 static ssize_t khugepaged_max_ptes_shared_store(struct kobject *kobj,
309 					      struct kobj_attribute *attr,
310 					      const char *buf, size_t count)
311 {
312 	int err;
313 	unsigned long max_ptes_shared;
314 
315 	err  = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &max_ptes_shared);
316 	if (err || max_ptes_shared > HPAGE_PMD_NR-1)
317 		return -EINVAL;
318 
319 	khugepaged_max_ptes_shared = max_ptes_shared;
320 
321 	return count;
322 }
323 
324 static struct kobj_attribute khugepaged_max_ptes_shared_attr =
325 	__ATTR(max_ptes_shared, 0644, khugepaged_max_ptes_shared_show,
326 	       khugepaged_max_ptes_shared_store);
327 
328 static struct attribute *khugepaged_attr[] = {
329 	&khugepaged_defrag_attr.attr,
330 	&khugepaged_max_ptes_none_attr.attr,
331 	&khugepaged_max_ptes_swap_attr.attr,
332 	&khugepaged_max_ptes_shared_attr.attr,
333 	&pages_to_scan_attr.attr,
334 	&pages_collapsed_attr.attr,
335 	&full_scans_attr.attr,
336 	&scan_sleep_millisecs_attr.attr,
337 	&alloc_sleep_millisecs_attr.attr,
338 	NULL,
339 };
340 
341 struct attribute_group khugepaged_attr_group = {
342 	.attrs = khugepaged_attr,
343 	.name = "khugepaged",
344 };
345 #endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */
346 
347 int hugepage_madvise(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
348 		     unsigned long *vm_flags, int advice)
349 {
350 	switch (advice) {
351 	case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
352 #ifdef CONFIG_S390
353 		/*
354 		 * qemu blindly sets MADV_HUGEPAGE on all allocations, but s390
355 		 * can't handle this properly after s390_enable_sie, so we simply
356 		 * ignore the madvise to prevent qemu from causing a SIGSEGV.
357 		 */
358 		if (mm_has_pgste(vma->vm_mm))
359 			return 0;
360 #endif
361 		*vm_flags &= ~VM_NOHUGEPAGE;
362 		*vm_flags |= VM_HUGEPAGE;
363 		/*
364 		 * If the vma become good for khugepaged to scan,
365 		 * register it here without waiting a page fault that
366 		 * may not happen any time soon.
367 		 */
368 		if (!(*vm_flags & VM_NO_KHUGEPAGED) &&
369 				khugepaged_enter_vma_merge(vma, *vm_flags))
370 			return -ENOMEM;
371 		break;
372 	case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
373 		*vm_flags &= ~VM_HUGEPAGE;
374 		*vm_flags |= VM_NOHUGEPAGE;
375 		/*
376 		 * Setting VM_NOHUGEPAGE will prevent khugepaged from scanning
377 		 * this vma even if we leave the mm registered in khugepaged if
378 		 * it got registered before VM_NOHUGEPAGE was set.
379 		 */
380 		break;
381 	}
382 
383 	return 0;
384 }
385 
386 int __init khugepaged_init(void)
387 {
388 	mm_slot_cache = kmem_cache_create("khugepaged_mm_slot",
389 					  sizeof(struct mm_slot),
390 					  __alignof__(struct mm_slot), 0, NULL);
391 	if (!mm_slot_cache)
392 		return -ENOMEM;
393 
394 	khugepaged_pages_to_scan = HPAGE_PMD_NR * 8;
395 	khugepaged_max_ptes_none = HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1;
396 	khugepaged_max_ptes_swap = HPAGE_PMD_NR / 8;
397 	khugepaged_max_ptes_shared = HPAGE_PMD_NR / 2;
398 
399 	return 0;
400 }
401 
402 void __init khugepaged_destroy(void)
403 {
404 	kmem_cache_destroy(mm_slot_cache);
405 }
406 
407 static inline struct mm_slot *alloc_mm_slot(void)
408 {
409 	if (!mm_slot_cache)	/* initialization failed */
410 		return NULL;
411 	return kmem_cache_zalloc(mm_slot_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
412 }
413 
414 static inline void free_mm_slot(struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
415 {
416 	kmem_cache_free(mm_slot_cache, mm_slot);
417 }
418 
419 static struct mm_slot *get_mm_slot(struct mm_struct *mm)
420 {
421 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
422 
423 	hash_for_each_possible(mm_slots_hash, mm_slot, hash, (unsigned long)mm)
424 		if (mm == mm_slot->mm)
425 			return mm_slot;
426 
427 	return NULL;
428 }
429 
430 static void insert_to_mm_slots_hash(struct mm_struct *mm,
431 				    struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
432 {
433 	mm_slot->mm = mm;
434 	hash_add(mm_slots_hash, &mm_slot->hash, (long)mm);
435 }
436 
437 static inline int khugepaged_test_exit(struct mm_struct *mm)
438 {
439 	return atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) == 0;
440 }
441 
442 static bool hugepage_vma_check(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
443 			       unsigned long vm_flags)
444 {
445 	/* Explicitly disabled through madvise. */
446 	if ((vm_flags & VM_NOHUGEPAGE) ||
447 	    test_bit(MMF_DISABLE_THP, &vma->vm_mm->flags))
448 		return false;
449 
450 	/* Enabled via shmem mount options or sysfs settings. */
451 	if (shmem_file(vma->vm_file) && shmem_huge_enabled(vma)) {
452 		return IS_ALIGNED((vma->vm_start >> PAGE_SHIFT) - vma->vm_pgoff,
453 				HPAGE_PMD_NR);
454 	}
455 
456 	/* THP settings require madvise. */
457 	if (!(vm_flags & VM_HUGEPAGE) && !khugepaged_always())
458 		return false;
459 
460 	/* Read-only file mappings need to be aligned for THP to work. */
461 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS) && vma->vm_file &&
462 	    (vm_flags & VM_DENYWRITE)) {
463 		return IS_ALIGNED((vma->vm_start >> PAGE_SHIFT) - vma->vm_pgoff,
464 				HPAGE_PMD_NR);
465 	}
466 
467 	if (!vma->anon_vma || vma->vm_ops)
468 		return false;
469 	if (vma_is_temporary_stack(vma))
470 		return false;
471 	return !(vm_flags & VM_NO_KHUGEPAGED);
472 }
473 
474 int __khugepaged_enter(struct mm_struct *mm)
475 {
476 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
477 	int wakeup;
478 
479 	mm_slot = alloc_mm_slot();
480 	if (!mm_slot)
481 		return -ENOMEM;
482 
483 	/* __khugepaged_exit() must not run from under us */
484 	VM_BUG_ON_MM(atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) == 0, mm);
485 	if (unlikely(test_and_set_bit(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, &mm->flags))) {
486 		free_mm_slot(mm_slot);
487 		return 0;
488 	}
489 
490 	spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
491 	insert_to_mm_slots_hash(mm, mm_slot);
492 	/*
493 	 * Insert just behind the scanning cursor, to let the area settle
494 	 * down a little.
495 	 */
496 	wakeup = list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head);
497 	list_add_tail(&mm_slot->mm_node, &khugepaged_scan.mm_head);
498 	spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
499 
500 	mmgrab(mm);
501 	if (wakeup)
502 		wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
503 
504 	return 0;
505 }
506 
507 int khugepaged_enter_vma_merge(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
508 			       unsigned long vm_flags)
509 {
510 	unsigned long hstart, hend;
511 
512 	/*
513 	 * khugepaged only supports read-only files for non-shmem files.
514 	 * khugepaged does not yet work on special mappings. And
515 	 * file-private shmem THP is not supported.
516 	 */
517 	if (!hugepage_vma_check(vma, vm_flags))
518 		return 0;
519 
520 	hstart = (vma->vm_start + ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
521 	hend = vma->vm_end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
522 	if (hstart < hend)
523 		return khugepaged_enter(vma, vm_flags);
524 	return 0;
525 }
526 
527 void __khugepaged_exit(struct mm_struct *mm)
528 {
529 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
530 	int free = 0;
531 
532 	spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
533 	mm_slot = get_mm_slot(mm);
534 	if (mm_slot && khugepaged_scan.mm_slot != mm_slot) {
535 		hash_del(&mm_slot->hash);
536 		list_del(&mm_slot->mm_node);
537 		free = 1;
538 	}
539 	spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
540 
541 	if (free) {
542 		clear_bit(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, &mm->flags);
543 		free_mm_slot(mm_slot);
544 		mmdrop(mm);
545 	} else if (mm_slot) {
546 		/*
547 		 * This is required to serialize against
548 		 * khugepaged_test_exit() (which is guaranteed to run
549 		 * under mmap sem read mode). Stop here (after we
550 		 * return all pagetables will be destroyed) until
551 		 * khugepaged has finished working on the pagetables
552 		 * under the mmap_lock.
553 		 */
554 		mmap_write_lock(mm);
555 		mmap_write_unlock(mm);
556 	}
557 }
558 
559 static void release_pte_page(struct page *page)
560 {
561 	mod_node_page_state(page_pgdat(page),
562 			NR_ISOLATED_ANON + page_is_file_lru(page),
563 			-compound_nr(page));
564 	unlock_page(page);
565 	putback_lru_page(page);
566 }
567 
568 static void release_pte_pages(pte_t *pte, pte_t *_pte,
569 		struct list_head *compound_pagelist)
570 {
571 	struct page *page, *tmp;
572 
573 	while (--_pte >= pte) {
574 		pte_t pteval = *_pte;
575 
576 		page = pte_page(pteval);
577 		if (!pte_none(pteval) && !is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval)) &&
578 				!PageCompound(page))
579 			release_pte_page(page);
580 	}
581 
582 	list_for_each_entry_safe(page, tmp, compound_pagelist, lru) {
583 		list_del(&page->lru);
584 		release_pte_page(page);
585 	}
586 }
587 
588 static bool is_refcount_suitable(struct page *page)
589 {
590 	int expected_refcount;
591 
592 	expected_refcount = total_mapcount(page);
593 	if (PageSwapCache(page))
594 		expected_refcount += compound_nr(page);
595 
596 	return page_count(page) == expected_refcount;
597 }
598 
599 static int __collapse_huge_page_isolate(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
600 					unsigned long address,
601 					pte_t *pte,
602 					struct list_head *compound_pagelist)
603 {
604 	struct page *page = NULL;
605 	pte_t *_pte;
606 	int none_or_zero = 0, shared = 0, result = 0, referenced = 0;
607 	bool writable = false;
608 
609 	for (_pte = pte; _pte < pte+HPAGE_PMD_NR;
610 	     _pte++, address += PAGE_SIZE) {
611 		pte_t pteval = *_pte;
612 		if (pte_none(pteval) || (pte_present(pteval) &&
613 				is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval)))) {
614 			if (!userfaultfd_armed(vma) &&
615 			    ++none_or_zero <= khugepaged_max_ptes_none) {
616 				continue;
617 			} else {
618 				result = SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE;
619 				goto out;
620 			}
621 		}
622 		if (!pte_present(pteval)) {
623 			result = SCAN_PTE_NON_PRESENT;
624 			goto out;
625 		}
626 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, address, pteval);
627 		if (unlikely(!page)) {
628 			result = SCAN_PAGE_NULL;
629 			goto out;
630 		}
631 
632 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageAnon(page), page);
633 
634 		if (page_mapcount(page) > 1 &&
635 				++shared > khugepaged_max_ptes_shared) {
636 			result = SCAN_EXCEED_SHARED_PTE;
637 			goto out;
638 		}
639 
640 		if (PageCompound(page)) {
641 			struct page *p;
642 			page = compound_head(page);
643 
644 			/*
645 			 * Check if we have dealt with the compound page
646 			 * already
647 			 */
648 			list_for_each_entry(p, compound_pagelist, lru) {
649 				if (page == p)
650 					goto next;
651 			}
652 		}
653 
654 		/*
655 		 * We can do it before isolate_lru_page because the
656 		 * page can't be freed from under us. NOTE: PG_lock
657 		 * is needed to serialize against split_huge_page
658 		 * when invoked from the VM.
659 		 */
660 		if (!trylock_page(page)) {
661 			result = SCAN_PAGE_LOCK;
662 			goto out;
663 		}
664 
665 		/*
666 		 * Check if the page has any GUP (or other external) pins.
667 		 *
668 		 * The page table that maps the page has been already unlinked
669 		 * from the page table tree and this process cannot get
670 		 * an additinal pin on the page.
671 		 *
672 		 * New pins can come later if the page is shared across fork,
673 		 * but not from this process. The other process cannot write to
674 		 * the page, only trigger CoW.
675 		 */
676 		if (!is_refcount_suitable(page)) {
677 			unlock_page(page);
678 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COUNT;
679 			goto out;
680 		}
681 		if (!pte_write(pteval) && PageSwapCache(page) &&
682 				!reuse_swap_page(page, NULL)) {
683 			/*
684 			 * Page is in the swap cache and cannot be re-used.
685 			 * It cannot be collapsed into a THP.
686 			 */
687 			unlock_page(page);
688 			result = SCAN_SWAP_CACHE_PAGE;
689 			goto out;
690 		}
691 
692 		/*
693 		 * Isolate the page to avoid collapsing an hugepage
694 		 * currently in use by the VM.
695 		 */
696 		if (isolate_lru_page(page)) {
697 			unlock_page(page);
698 			result = SCAN_DEL_PAGE_LRU;
699 			goto out;
700 		}
701 		mod_node_page_state(page_pgdat(page),
702 				NR_ISOLATED_ANON + page_is_file_lru(page),
703 				compound_nr(page));
704 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
705 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page), page);
706 
707 		if (PageCompound(page))
708 			list_add_tail(&page->lru, compound_pagelist);
709 next:
710 		/* There should be enough young pte to collapse the page */
711 		if (pte_young(pteval) ||
712 		    page_is_young(page) || PageReferenced(page) ||
713 		    mmu_notifier_test_young(vma->vm_mm, address))
714 			referenced++;
715 
716 		if (pte_write(pteval))
717 			writable = true;
718 	}
719 	if (likely(writable)) {
720 		if (likely(referenced)) {
721 			result = SCAN_SUCCEED;
722 			trace_mm_collapse_huge_page_isolate(page, none_or_zero,
723 							    referenced, writable, result);
724 			return 1;
725 		}
726 	} else {
727 		result = SCAN_PAGE_RO;
728 	}
729 
730 out:
731 	release_pte_pages(pte, _pte, compound_pagelist);
732 	trace_mm_collapse_huge_page_isolate(page, none_or_zero,
733 					    referenced, writable, result);
734 	return 0;
735 }
736 
737 static void __collapse_huge_page_copy(pte_t *pte, struct page *page,
738 				      struct vm_area_struct *vma,
739 				      unsigned long address,
740 				      spinlock_t *ptl,
741 				      struct list_head *compound_pagelist)
742 {
743 	struct page *src_page, *tmp;
744 	pte_t *_pte;
745 	for (_pte = pte; _pte < pte + HPAGE_PMD_NR;
746 				_pte++, page++, address += PAGE_SIZE) {
747 		pte_t pteval = *_pte;
748 
749 		if (pte_none(pteval) || is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval))) {
750 			clear_user_highpage(page, address);
751 			add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, 1);
752 			if (is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval))) {
753 				/*
754 				 * ptl mostly unnecessary.
755 				 */
756 				spin_lock(ptl);
757 				/*
758 				 * paravirt calls inside pte_clear here are
759 				 * superfluous.
760 				 */
761 				pte_clear(vma->vm_mm, address, _pte);
762 				spin_unlock(ptl);
763 			}
764 		} else {
765 			src_page = pte_page(pteval);
766 			copy_user_highpage(page, src_page, address, vma);
767 			if (!PageCompound(src_page))
768 				release_pte_page(src_page);
769 			/*
770 			 * ptl mostly unnecessary, but preempt has to
771 			 * be disabled to update the per-cpu stats
772 			 * inside page_remove_rmap().
773 			 */
774 			spin_lock(ptl);
775 			/*
776 			 * paravirt calls inside pte_clear here are
777 			 * superfluous.
778 			 */
779 			pte_clear(vma->vm_mm, address, _pte);
780 			page_remove_rmap(src_page, false);
781 			spin_unlock(ptl);
782 			free_page_and_swap_cache(src_page);
783 		}
784 	}
785 
786 	list_for_each_entry_safe(src_page, tmp, compound_pagelist, lru) {
787 		list_del(&src_page->lru);
788 		release_pte_page(src_page);
789 	}
790 }
791 
792 static void khugepaged_alloc_sleep(void)
793 {
794 	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
795 
796 	add_wait_queue(&khugepaged_wait, &wait);
797 	freezable_schedule_timeout_interruptible(
798 		msecs_to_jiffies(khugepaged_alloc_sleep_millisecs));
799 	remove_wait_queue(&khugepaged_wait, &wait);
800 }
801 
802 static int khugepaged_node_load[MAX_NUMNODES];
803 
804 static bool khugepaged_scan_abort(int nid)
805 {
806 	int i;
807 
808 	/*
809 	 * If node_reclaim_mode is disabled, then no extra effort is made to
810 	 * allocate memory locally.
811 	 */
812 	if (!node_reclaim_mode)
813 		return false;
814 
815 	/* If there is a count for this node already, it must be acceptable */
816 	if (khugepaged_node_load[nid])
817 		return false;
818 
819 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; i++) {
820 		if (!khugepaged_node_load[i])
821 			continue;
822 		if (node_distance(nid, i) > node_reclaim_distance)
823 			return true;
824 	}
825 	return false;
826 }
827 
828 /* Defrag for khugepaged will enter direct reclaim/compaction if necessary */
829 static inline gfp_t alloc_hugepage_khugepaged_gfpmask(void)
830 {
831 	return khugepaged_defrag() ? GFP_TRANSHUGE : GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT;
832 }
833 
834 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
835 static int khugepaged_find_target_node(void)
836 {
837 	static int last_khugepaged_target_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
838 	int nid, target_node = 0, max_value = 0;
839 
840 	/* find first node with max normal pages hit */
841 	for (nid = 0; nid < MAX_NUMNODES; nid++)
842 		if (khugepaged_node_load[nid] > max_value) {
843 			max_value = khugepaged_node_load[nid];
844 			target_node = nid;
845 		}
846 
847 	/* do some balance if several nodes have the same hit record */
848 	if (target_node <= last_khugepaged_target_node)
849 		for (nid = last_khugepaged_target_node + 1; nid < MAX_NUMNODES;
850 				nid++)
851 			if (max_value == khugepaged_node_load[nid]) {
852 				target_node = nid;
853 				break;
854 			}
855 
856 	last_khugepaged_target_node = target_node;
857 	return target_node;
858 }
859 
860 static bool khugepaged_prealloc_page(struct page **hpage, bool *wait)
861 {
862 	if (IS_ERR(*hpage)) {
863 		if (!*wait)
864 			return false;
865 
866 		*wait = false;
867 		*hpage = NULL;
868 		khugepaged_alloc_sleep();
869 	} else if (*hpage) {
870 		put_page(*hpage);
871 		*hpage = NULL;
872 	}
873 
874 	return true;
875 }
876 
877 static struct page *
878 khugepaged_alloc_page(struct page **hpage, gfp_t gfp, int node)
879 {
880 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(*hpage, *hpage);
881 
882 	*hpage = __alloc_pages_node(node, gfp, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
883 	if (unlikely(!*hpage)) {
884 		count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC_FAILED);
885 		*hpage = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
886 		return NULL;
887 	}
888 
889 	prep_transhuge_page(*hpage);
890 	count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC);
891 	return *hpage;
892 }
893 #else
894 static int khugepaged_find_target_node(void)
895 {
896 	return 0;
897 }
898 
899 static inline struct page *alloc_khugepaged_hugepage(void)
900 {
901 	struct page *page;
902 
903 	page = alloc_pages(alloc_hugepage_khugepaged_gfpmask(),
904 			   HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
905 	if (page)
906 		prep_transhuge_page(page);
907 	return page;
908 }
909 
910 static struct page *khugepaged_alloc_hugepage(bool *wait)
911 {
912 	struct page *hpage;
913 
914 	do {
915 		hpage = alloc_khugepaged_hugepage();
916 		if (!hpage) {
917 			count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC_FAILED);
918 			if (!*wait)
919 				return NULL;
920 
921 			*wait = false;
922 			khugepaged_alloc_sleep();
923 		} else
924 			count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC);
925 	} while (unlikely(!hpage) && likely(khugepaged_enabled()));
926 
927 	return hpage;
928 }
929 
930 static bool khugepaged_prealloc_page(struct page **hpage, bool *wait)
931 {
932 	/*
933 	 * If the hpage allocated earlier was briefly exposed in page cache
934 	 * before collapse_file() failed, it is possible that racing lookups
935 	 * have not yet completed, and would then be unpleasantly surprised by
936 	 * finding the hpage reused for the same mapping at a different offset.
937 	 * Just release the previous allocation if there is any danger of that.
938 	 */
939 	if (*hpage && page_count(*hpage) > 1) {
940 		put_page(*hpage);
941 		*hpage = NULL;
942 	}
943 
944 	if (!*hpage)
945 		*hpage = khugepaged_alloc_hugepage(wait);
946 
947 	if (unlikely(!*hpage))
948 		return false;
949 
950 	return true;
951 }
952 
953 static struct page *
954 khugepaged_alloc_page(struct page **hpage, gfp_t gfp, int node)
955 {
956 	VM_BUG_ON(!*hpage);
957 
958 	return  *hpage;
959 }
960 #endif
961 
962 /*
963  * If mmap_lock temporarily dropped, revalidate vma
964  * before taking mmap_lock.
965  * Return 0 if succeeds, otherwise return none-zero
966  * value (scan code).
967  */
968 
969 static int hugepage_vma_revalidate(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
970 		struct vm_area_struct **vmap)
971 {
972 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
973 	unsigned long hstart, hend;
974 
975 	if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm)))
976 		return SCAN_ANY_PROCESS;
977 
978 	*vmap = vma = find_vma(mm, address);
979 	if (!vma)
980 		return SCAN_VMA_NULL;
981 
982 	hstart = (vma->vm_start + ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
983 	hend = vma->vm_end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
984 	if (address < hstart || address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE > hend)
985 		return SCAN_ADDRESS_RANGE;
986 	if (!hugepage_vma_check(vma, vma->vm_flags))
987 		return SCAN_VMA_CHECK;
988 	/* Anon VMA expected */
989 	if (!vma->anon_vma || vma->vm_ops)
990 		return SCAN_VMA_CHECK;
991 	return 0;
992 }
993 
994 /*
995  * Bring missing pages in from swap, to complete THP collapse.
996  * Only done if khugepaged_scan_pmd believes it is worthwhile.
997  *
998  * Called and returns without pte mapped or spinlocks held,
999  * but with mmap_lock held to protect against vma changes.
1000  */
1001 
1002 static bool __collapse_huge_page_swapin(struct mm_struct *mm,
1003 					struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1004 					unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd,
1005 					int referenced)
1006 {
1007 	int swapped_in = 0;
1008 	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
1009 	unsigned long address, end = haddr + (HPAGE_PMD_NR * PAGE_SIZE);
1010 
1011 	for (address = haddr; address < end; address += PAGE_SIZE) {
1012 		struct vm_fault vmf = {
1013 			.vma = vma,
1014 			.address = address,
1015 			.pgoff = linear_page_index(vma, haddr),
1016 			.flags = FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY,
1017 			.pmd = pmd,
1018 		};
1019 
1020 		vmf.pte = pte_offset_map(pmd, address);
1021 		vmf.orig_pte = *vmf.pte;
1022 		if (!is_swap_pte(vmf.orig_pte)) {
1023 			pte_unmap(vmf.pte);
1024 			continue;
1025 		}
1026 		swapped_in++;
1027 		ret = do_swap_page(&vmf);
1028 
1029 		/* do_swap_page returns VM_FAULT_RETRY with released mmap_lock */
1030 		if (ret & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
1031 			mmap_read_lock(mm);
1032 			if (hugepage_vma_revalidate(mm, haddr, &vma)) {
1033 				/* vma is no longer available, don't continue to swapin */
1034 				trace_mm_collapse_huge_page_swapin(mm, swapped_in, referenced, 0);
1035 				return false;
1036 			}
1037 			/* check if the pmd is still valid */
1038 			if (mm_find_pmd(mm, haddr) != pmd) {
1039 				trace_mm_collapse_huge_page_swapin(mm, swapped_in, referenced, 0);
1040 				return false;
1041 			}
1042 		}
1043 		if (ret & VM_FAULT_ERROR) {
1044 			trace_mm_collapse_huge_page_swapin(mm, swapped_in, referenced, 0);
1045 			return false;
1046 		}
1047 	}
1048 
1049 	/* Drain LRU add pagevec to remove extra pin on the swapped in pages */
1050 	if (swapped_in)
1051 		lru_add_drain();
1052 
1053 	trace_mm_collapse_huge_page_swapin(mm, swapped_in, referenced, 1);
1054 	return true;
1055 }
1056 
1057 static void collapse_huge_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
1058 				   unsigned long address,
1059 				   struct page **hpage,
1060 				   int node, int referenced, int unmapped)
1061 {
1062 	LIST_HEAD(compound_pagelist);
1063 	pmd_t *pmd, _pmd;
1064 	pte_t *pte;
1065 	pgtable_t pgtable;
1066 	struct page *new_page;
1067 	spinlock_t *pmd_ptl, *pte_ptl;
1068 	int isolated = 0, result = 0;
1069 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1070 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
1071 	gfp_t gfp;
1072 
1073 	VM_BUG_ON(address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
1074 
1075 	/* Only allocate from the target node */
1076 	gfp = alloc_hugepage_khugepaged_gfpmask() | __GFP_THISNODE;
1077 
1078 	/*
1079 	 * Before allocating the hugepage, release the mmap_lock read lock.
1080 	 * The allocation can take potentially a long time if it involves
1081 	 * sync compaction, and we do not need to hold the mmap_lock during
1082 	 * that. We will recheck the vma after taking it again in write mode.
1083 	 */
1084 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1085 	new_page = khugepaged_alloc_page(hpage, gfp, node);
1086 	if (!new_page) {
1087 		result = SCAN_ALLOC_HUGE_PAGE_FAIL;
1088 		goto out_nolock;
1089 	}
1090 
1091 	if (unlikely(mem_cgroup_charge(new_page, mm, gfp))) {
1092 		result = SCAN_CGROUP_CHARGE_FAIL;
1093 		goto out_nolock;
1094 	}
1095 	count_memcg_page_event(new_page, THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC);
1096 
1097 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
1098 	result = hugepage_vma_revalidate(mm, address, &vma);
1099 	if (result) {
1100 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1101 		goto out_nolock;
1102 	}
1103 
1104 	pmd = mm_find_pmd(mm, address);
1105 	if (!pmd) {
1106 		result = SCAN_PMD_NULL;
1107 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1108 		goto out_nolock;
1109 	}
1110 
1111 	/*
1112 	 * __collapse_huge_page_swapin always returns with mmap_lock locked.
1113 	 * If it fails, we release mmap_lock and jump out_nolock.
1114 	 * Continuing to collapse causes inconsistency.
1115 	 */
1116 	if (unmapped && !__collapse_huge_page_swapin(mm, vma, address,
1117 						     pmd, referenced)) {
1118 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1119 		goto out_nolock;
1120 	}
1121 
1122 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1123 	/*
1124 	 * Prevent all access to pagetables with the exception of
1125 	 * gup_fast later handled by the ptep_clear_flush and the VM
1126 	 * handled by the anon_vma lock + PG_lock.
1127 	 */
1128 	mmap_write_lock(mm);
1129 	result = hugepage_vma_revalidate(mm, address, &vma);
1130 	if (result)
1131 		goto out;
1132 	/* check if the pmd is still valid */
1133 	if (mm_find_pmd(mm, address) != pmd)
1134 		goto out;
1135 
1136 	anon_vma_lock_write(vma->anon_vma);
1137 
1138 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, NULL, mm,
1139 				address, address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
1140 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
1141 
1142 	pte = pte_offset_map(pmd, address);
1143 	pte_ptl = pte_lockptr(mm, pmd);
1144 
1145 	pmd_ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd); /* probably unnecessary */
1146 	/*
1147 	 * After this gup_fast can't run anymore. This also removes
1148 	 * any huge TLB entry from the CPU so we won't allow
1149 	 * huge and small TLB entries for the same virtual address
1150 	 * to avoid the risk of CPU bugs in that area.
1151 	 */
1152 	_pmd = pmdp_collapse_flush(vma, address, pmd);
1153 	spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
1154 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
1155 
1156 	spin_lock(pte_ptl);
1157 	isolated = __collapse_huge_page_isolate(vma, address, pte,
1158 			&compound_pagelist);
1159 	spin_unlock(pte_ptl);
1160 
1161 	if (unlikely(!isolated)) {
1162 		pte_unmap(pte);
1163 		spin_lock(pmd_ptl);
1164 		BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*pmd));
1165 		/*
1166 		 * We can only use set_pmd_at when establishing
1167 		 * hugepmds and never for establishing regular pmds that
1168 		 * points to regular pagetables. Use pmd_populate for that
1169 		 */
1170 		pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pmd_pgtable(_pmd));
1171 		spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
1172 		anon_vma_unlock_write(vma->anon_vma);
1173 		result = SCAN_FAIL;
1174 		goto out;
1175 	}
1176 
1177 	/*
1178 	 * All pages are isolated and locked so anon_vma rmap
1179 	 * can't run anymore.
1180 	 */
1181 	anon_vma_unlock_write(vma->anon_vma);
1182 
1183 	__collapse_huge_page_copy(pte, new_page, vma, address, pte_ptl,
1184 			&compound_pagelist);
1185 	pte_unmap(pte);
1186 	__SetPageUptodate(new_page);
1187 	pgtable = pmd_pgtable(_pmd);
1188 
1189 	_pmd = mk_huge_pmd(new_page, vma->vm_page_prot);
1190 	_pmd = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(_pmd), vma);
1191 
1192 	/*
1193 	 * spin_lock() below is not the equivalent of smp_wmb(), so
1194 	 * this is needed to avoid the copy_huge_page writes to become
1195 	 * visible after the set_pmd_at() write.
1196 	 */
1197 	smp_wmb();
1198 
1199 	spin_lock(pmd_ptl);
1200 	BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*pmd));
1201 	page_add_new_anon_rmap(new_page, vma, address, true);
1202 	lru_cache_add_inactive_or_unevictable(new_page, vma);
1203 	pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
1204 	set_pmd_at(mm, address, pmd, _pmd);
1205 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pmd);
1206 	spin_unlock(pmd_ptl);
1207 
1208 	*hpage = NULL;
1209 
1210 	khugepaged_pages_collapsed++;
1211 	result = SCAN_SUCCEED;
1212 out_up_write:
1213 	mmap_write_unlock(mm);
1214 out_nolock:
1215 	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(*hpage))
1216 		mem_cgroup_uncharge(*hpage);
1217 	trace_mm_collapse_huge_page(mm, isolated, result);
1218 	return;
1219 out:
1220 	goto out_up_write;
1221 }
1222 
1223 static int khugepaged_scan_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm,
1224 			       struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1225 			       unsigned long address,
1226 			       struct page **hpage)
1227 {
1228 	pmd_t *pmd;
1229 	pte_t *pte, *_pte;
1230 	int ret = 0, result = 0, referenced = 0;
1231 	int none_or_zero = 0, shared = 0;
1232 	struct page *page = NULL;
1233 	unsigned long _address;
1234 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1235 	int node = NUMA_NO_NODE, unmapped = 0;
1236 	bool writable = false;
1237 
1238 	VM_BUG_ON(address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
1239 
1240 	pmd = mm_find_pmd(mm, address);
1241 	if (!pmd) {
1242 		result = SCAN_PMD_NULL;
1243 		goto out;
1244 	}
1245 
1246 	memset(khugepaged_node_load, 0, sizeof(khugepaged_node_load));
1247 	pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, &ptl);
1248 	for (_address = address, _pte = pte; _pte < pte+HPAGE_PMD_NR;
1249 	     _pte++, _address += PAGE_SIZE) {
1250 		pte_t pteval = *_pte;
1251 		if (is_swap_pte(pteval)) {
1252 			if (++unmapped <= khugepaged_max_ptes_swap) {
1253 				/*
1254 				 * Always be strict with uffd-wp
1255 				 * enabled swap entries.  Please see
1256 				 * comment below for pte_uffd_wp().
1257 				 */
1258 				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(pteval)) {
1259 					result = SCAN_PTE_UFFD_WP;
1260 					goto out_unmap;
1261 				}
1262 				continue;
1263 			} else {
1264 				result = SCAN_EXCEED_SWAP_PTE;
1265 				goto out_unmap;
1266 			}
1267 		}
1268 		if (pte_none(pteval) || is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pteval))) {
1269 			if (!userfaultfd_armed(vma) &&
1270 			    ++none_or_zero <= khugepaged_max_ptes_none) {
1271 				continue;
1272 			} else {
1273 				result = SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE;
1274 				goto out_unmap;
1275 			}
1276 		}
1277 		if (!pte_present(pteval)) {
1278 			result = SCAN_PTE_NON_PRESENT;
1279 			goto out_unmap;
1280 		}
1281 		if (pte_uffd_wp(pteval)) {
1282 			/*
1283 			 * Don't collapse the page if any of the small
1284 			 * PTEs are armed with uffd write protection.
1285 			 * Here we can also mark the new huge pmd as
1286 			 * write protected if any of the small ones is
1287 			 * marked but that could bring unknown
1288 			 * userfault messages that falls outside of
1289 			 * the registered range.  So, just be simple.
1290 			 */
1291 			result = SCAN_PTE_UFFD_WP;
1292 			goto out_unmap;
1293 		}
1294 		if (pte_write(pteval))
1295 			writable = true;
1296 
1297 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, _address, pteval);
1298 		if (unlikely(!page)) {
1299 			result = SCAN_PAGE_NULL;
1300 			goto out_unmap;
1301 		}
1302 
1303 		if (page_mapcount(page) > 1 &&
1304 				++shared > khugepaged_max_ptes_shared) {
1305 			result = SCAN_EXCEED_SHARED_PTE;
1306 			goto out_unmap;
1307 		}
1308 
1309 		page = compound_head(page);
1310 
1311 		/*
1312 		 * Record which node the original page is from and save this
1313 		 * information to khugepaged_node_load[].
1314 		 * Khupaged will allocate hugepage from the node has the max
1315 		 * hit record.
1316 		 */
1317 		node = page_to_nid(page);
1318 		if (khugepaged_scan_abort(node)) {
1319 			result = SCAN_SCAN_ABORT;
1320 			goto out_unmap;
1321 		}
1322 		khugepaged_node_load[node]++;
1323 		if (!PageLRU(page)) {
1324 			result = SCAN_PAGE_LRU;
1325 			goto out_unmap;
1326 		}
1327 		if (PageLocked(page)) {
1328 			result = SCAN_PAGE_LOCK;
1329 			goto out_unmap;
1330 		}
1331 		if (!PageAnon(page)) {
1332 			result = SCAN_PAGE_ANON;
1333 			goto out_unmap;
1334 		}
1335 
1336 		/*
1337 		 * Check if the page has any GUP (or other external) pins.
1338 		 *
1339 		 * Here the check is racy it may see totmal_mapcount > refcount
1340 		 * in some cases.
1341 		 * For example, one process with one forked child process.
1342 		 * The parent has the PMD split due to MADV_DONTNEED, then
1343 		 * the child is trying unmap the whole PMD, but khugepaged
1344 		 * may be scanning the parent between the child has
1345 		 * PageDoubleMap flag cleared and dec the mapcount.  So
1346 		 * khugepaged may see total_mapcount > refcount.
1347 		 *
1348 		 * But such case is ephemeral we could always retry collapse
1349 		 * later.  However it may report false positive if the page
1350 		 * has excessive GUP pins (i.e. 512).  Anyway the same check
1351 		 * will be done again later the risk seems low.
1352 		 */
1353 		if (!is_refcount_suitable(page)) {
1354 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COUNT;
1355 			goto out_unmap;
1356 		}
1357 		if (pte_young(pteval) ||
1358 		    page_is_young(page) || PageReferenced(page) ||
1359 		    mmu_notifier_test_young(vma->vm_mm, address))
1360 			referenced++;
1361 	}
1362 	if (!writable) {
1363 		result = SCAN_PAGE_RO;
1364 	} else if (!referenced || (unmapped && referenced < HPAGE_PMD_NR/2)) {
1365 		result = SCAN_LACK_REFERENCED_PAGE;
1366 	} else {
1367 		result = SCAN_SUCCEED;
1368 		ret = 1;
1369 	}
1370 out_unmap:
1371 	pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
1372 	if (ret) {
1373 		node = khugepaged_find_target_node();
1374 		/* collapse_huge_page will return with the mmap_lock released */
1375 		collapse_huge_page(mm, address, hpage, node,
1376 				referenced, unmapped);
1377 	}
1378 out:
1379 	trace_mm_khugepaged_scan_pmd(mm, page, writable, referenced,
1380 				     none_or_zero, result, unmapped);
1381 	return ret;
1382 }
1383 
1384 static void collect_mm_slot(struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
1385 {
1386 	struct mm_struct *mm = mm_slot->mm;
1387 
1388 	lockdep_assert_held(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
1389 
1390 	if (khugepaged_test_exit(mm)) {
1391 		/* free mm_slot */
1392 		hash_del(&mm_slot->hash);
1393 		list_del(&mm_slot->mm_node);
1394 
1395 		/*
1396 		 * Not strictly needed because the mm exited already.
1397 		 *
1398 		 * clear_bit(MMF_VM_HUGEPAGE, &mm->flags);
1399 		 */
1400 
1401 		/* khugepaged_mm_lock actually not necessary for the below */
1402 		free_mm_slot(mm_slot);
1403 		mmdrop(mm);
1404 	}
1405 }
1406 
1407 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
1408 /*
1409  * Notify khugepaged that given addr of the mm is pte-mapped THP. Then
1410  * khugepaged should try to collapse the page table.
1411  */
1412 static int khugepaged_add_pte_mapped_thp(struct mm_struct *mm,
1413 					 unsigned long addr)
1414 {
1415 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
1416 
1417 	VM_BUG_ON(addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
1418 
1419 	spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
1420 	mm_slot = get_mm_slot(mm);
1421 	if (likely(mm_slot && mm_slot->nr_pte_mapped_thp < MAX_PTE_MAPPED_THP))
1422 		mm_slot->pte_mapped_thp[mm_slot->nr_pte_mapped_thp++] = addr;
1423 	spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
1424 	return 0;
1425 }
1426 
1427 /**
1428  * collapse_pte_mapped_thp - Try to collapse a pte-mapped THP for mm at
1429  * address haddr.
1430  *
1431  * @mm: process address space where collapse happens
1432  * @addr: THP collapse address
1433  *
1434  * This function checks whether all the PTEs in the PMD are pointing to the
1435  * right THP. If so, retract the page table so the THP can refault in with
1436  * as pmd-mapped.
1437  */
1438 void collapse_pte_mapped_thp(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
1439 {
1440 	unsigned long haddr = addr & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1441 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = find_vma(mm, haddr);
1442 	struct page *hpage;
1443 	pte_t *start_pte, *pte;
1444 	pmd_t *pmd, _pmd;
1445 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1446 	int count = 0;
1447 	int i;
1448 
1449 	if (!vma || !vma->vm_file ||
1450 	    vma->vm_start > haddr || vma->vm_end < haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE)
1451 		return;
1452 
1453 	/*
1454 	 * This vm_flags may not have VM_HUGEPAGE if the page was not
1455 	 * collapsed by this mm. But we can still collapse if the page is
1456 	 * the valid THP. Add extra VM_HUGEPAGE so hugepage_vma_check()
1457 	 * will not fail the vma for missing VM_HUGEPAGE
1458 	 */
1459 	if (!hugepage_vma_check(vma, vma->vm_flags | VM_HUGEPAGE))
1460 		return;
1461 
1462 	hpage = find_lock_page(vma->vm_file->f_mapping,
1463 			       linear_page_index(vma, haddr));
1464 	if (!hpage)
1465 		return;
1466 
1467 	if (!PageHead(hpage))
1468 		goto drop_hpage;
1469 
1470 	pmd = mm_find_pmd(mm, haddr);
1471 	if (!pmd)
1472 		goto drop_hpage;
1473 
1474 	start_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, haddr, &ptl);
1475 
1476 	/* step 1: check all mapped PTEs are to the right huge page */
1477 	for (i = 0, addr = haddr, pte = start_pte;
1478 	     i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, pte++) {
1479 		struct page *page;
1480 
1481 		/* empty pte, skip */
1482 		if (pte_none(*pte))
1483 			continue;
1484 
1485 		/* page swapped out, abort */
1486 		if (!pte_present(*pte))
1487 			goto abort;
1488 
1489 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, *pte);
1490 
1491 		/*
1492 		 * Note that uprobe, debugger, or MAP_PRIVATE may change the
1493 		 * page table, but the new page will not be a subpage of hpage.
1494 		 */
1495 		if (hpage + i != page)
1496 			goto abort;
1497 		count++;
1498 	}
1499 
1500 	/* step 2: adjust rmap */
1501 	for (i = 0, addr = haddr, pte = start_pte;
1502 	     i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, pte++) {
1503 		struct page *page;
1504 
1505 		if (pte_none(*pte))
1506 			continue;
1507 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, *pte);
1508 		page_remove_rmap(page, false);
1509 	}
1510 
1511 	pte_unmap_unlock(start_pte, ptl);
1512 
1513 	/* step 3: set proper refcount and mm_counters. */
1514 	if (count) {
1515 		page_ref_sub(hpage, count);
1516 		add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, mm_counter_file(hpage), -count);
1517 	}
1518 
1519 	/* step 4: collapse pmd */
1520 	ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd);
1521 	_pmd = pmdp_collapse_flush(vma, haddr, pmd);
1522 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1523 	mm_dec_nr_ptes(mm);
1524 	pte_free(mm, pmd_pgtable(_pmd));
1525 
1526 drop_hpage:
1527 	unlock_page(hpage);
1528 	put_page(hpage);
1529 	return;
1530 
1531 abort:
1532 	pte_unmap_unlock(start_pte, ptl);
1533 	goto drop_hpage;
1534 }
1535 
1536 static int khugepaged_collapse_pte_mapped_thps(struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
1537 {
1538 	struct mm_struct *mm = mm_slot->mm;
1539 	int i;
1540 
1541 	if (likely(mm_slot->nr_pte_mapped_thp == 0))
1542 		return 0;
1543 
1544 	if (!mmap_write_trylock(mm))
1545 		return -EBUSY;
1546 
1547 	if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm)))
1548 		goto out;
1549 
1550 	for (i = 0; i < mm_slot->nr_pte_mapped_thp; i++)
1551 		collapse_pte_mapped_thp(mm, mm_slot->pte_mapped_thp[i]);
1552 
1553 out:
1554 	mm_slot->nr_pte_mapped_thp = 0;
1555 	mmap_write_unlock(mm);
1556 	return 0;
1557 }
1558 
1559 static void retract_page_tables(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t pgoff)
1560 {
1561 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1562 	struct mm_struct *mm;
1563 	unsigned long addr;
1564 	pmd_t *pmd, _pmd;
1565 
1566 	i_mmap_lock_write(mapping);
1567 	vma_interval_tree_foreach(vma, &mapping->i_mmap, pgoff, pgoff) {
1568 		/*
1569 		 * Check vma->anon_vma to exclude MAP_PRIVATE mappings that
1570 		 * got written to. These VMAs are likely not worth investing
1571 		 * mmap_write_lock(mm) as PMD-mapping is likely to be split
1572 		 * later.
1573 		 *
1574 		 * Not that vma->anon_vma check is racy: it can be set up after
1575 		 * the check but before we took mmap_lock by the fault path.
1576 		 * But page lock would prevent establishing any new ptes of the
1577 		 * page, so we are safe.
1578 		 *
1579 		 * An alternative would be drop the check, but check that page
1580 		 * table is clear before calling pmdp_collapse_flush() under
1581 		 * ptl. It has higher chance to recover THP for the VMA, but
1582 		 * has higher cost too.
1583 		 */
1584 		if (vma->anon_vma)
1585 			continue;
1586 		addr = vma->vm_start + ((pgoff - vma->vm_pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT);
1587 		if (addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK)
1588 			continue;
1589 		if (vma->vm_end < addr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE)
1590 			continue;
1591 		mm = vma->vm_mm;
1592 		pmd = mm_find_pmd(mm, addr);
1593 		if (!pmd)
1594 			continue;
1595 		/*
1596 		 * We need exclusive mmap_lock to retract page table.
1597 		 *
1598 		 * We use trylock due to lock inversion: we need to acquire
1599 		 * mmap_lock while holding page lock. Fault path does it in
1600 		 * reverse order. Trylock is a way to avoid deadlock.
1601 		 */
1602 		if (mmap_write_trylock(mm)) {
1603 			if (!khugepaged_test_exit(mm)) {
1604 				spinlock_t *ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
1605 				/* assume page table is clear */
1606 				_pmd = pmdp_collapse_flush(vma, addr, pmd);
1607 				spin_unlock(ptl);
1608 				mm_dec_nr_ptes(mm);
1609 				pte_free(mm, pmd_pgtable(_pmd));
1610 			}
1611 			mmap_write_unlock(mm);
1612 		} else {
1613 			/* Try again later */
1614 			khugepaged_add_pte_mapped_thp(mm, addr);
1615 		}
1616 	}
1617 	i_mmap_unlock_write(mapping);
1618 }
1619 
1620 /**
1621  * collapse_file - collapse filemap/tmpfs/shmem pages into huge one.
1622  *
1623  * @mm: process address space where collapse happens
1624  * @file: file that collapse on
1625  * @start: collapse start address
1626  * @hpage: new allocated huge page for collapse
1627  * @node: appointed node the new huge page allocate from
1628  *
1629  * Basic scheme is simple, details are more complex:
1630  *  - allocate and lock a new huge page;
1631  *  - scan page cache replacing old pages with the new one
1632  *    + swap/gup in pages if necessary;
1633  *    + fill in gaps;
1634  *    + keep old pages around in case rollback is required;
1635  *  - if replacing succeeds:
1636  *    + copy data over;
1637  *    + free old pages;
1638  *    + unlock huge page;
1639  *  - if replacing failed;
1640  *    + put all pages back and unfreeze them;
1641  *    + restore gaps in the page cache;
1642  *    + unlock and free huge page;
1643  */
1644 static void collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm,
1645 		struct file *file, pgoff_t start,
1646 		struct page **hpage, int node)
1647 {
1648 	struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
1649 	gfp_t gfp;
1650 	struct page *new_page;
1651 	pgoff_t index, end = start + HPAGE_PMD_NR;
1652 	LIST_HEAD(pagelist);
1653 	XA_STATE_ORDER(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start, HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
1654 	int nr_none = 0, result = SCAN_SUCCEED;
1655 	bool is_shmem = shmem_file(file);
1656 	int nr;
1657 
1658 	VM_BUG_ON(!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS) && !is_shmem);
1659 	VM_BUG_ON(start & (HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1));
1660 
1661 	/* Only allocate from the target node */
1662 	gfp = alloc_hugepage_khugepaged_gfpmask() | __GFP_THISNODE;
1663 
1664 	new_page = khugepaged_alloc_page(hpage, gfp, node);
1665 	if (!new_page) {
1666 		result = SCAN_ALLOC_HUGE_PAGE_FAIL;
1667 		goto out;
1668 	}
1669 
1670 	if (unlikely(mem_cgroup_charge(new_page, mm, gfp))) {
1671 		result = SCAN_CGROUP_CHARGE_FAIL;
1672 		goto out;
1673 	}
1674 	count_memcg_page_event(new_page, THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC);
1675 
1676 	/* This will be less messy when we use multi-index entries */
1677 	do {
1678 		xas_lock_irq(&xas);
1679 		xas_create_range(&xas);
1680 		if (!xas_error(&xas))
1681 			break;
1682 		xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1683 		if (!xas_nomem(&xas, GFP_KERNEL)) {
1684 			result = SCAN_FAIL;
1685 			goto out;
1686 		}
1687 	} while (1);
1688 
1689 	__SetPageLocked(new_page);
1690 	if (is_shmem)
1691 		__SetPageSwapBacked(new_page);
1692 	new_page->index = start;
1693 	new_page->mapping = mapping;
1694 
1695 	/*
1696 	 * At this point the new_page is locked and not up-to-date.
1697 	 * It's safe to insert it into the page cache, because nobody would
1698 	 * be able to map it or use it in another way until we unlock it.
1699 	 */
1700 
1701 	xas_set(&xas, start);
1702 	for (index = start; index < end; index++) {
1703 		struct page *page = xas_next(&xas);
1704 
1705 		VM_BUG_ON(index != xas.xa_index);
1706 		if (is_shmem) {
1707 			if (!page) {
1708 				/*
1709 				 * Stop if extent has been truncated or
1710 				 * hole-punched, and is now completely
1711 				 * empty.
1712 				 */
1713 				if (index == start) {
1714 					if (!xas_next_entry(&xas, end - 1)) {
1715 						result = SCAN_TRUNCATED;
1716 						goto xa_locked;
1717 					}
1718 					xas_set(&xas, index);
1719 				}
1720 				if (!shmem_charge(mapping->host, 1)) {
1721 					result = SCAN_FAIL;
1722 					goto xa_locked;
1723 				}
1724 				xas_store(&xas, new_page);
1725 				nr_none++;
1726 				continue;
1727 			}
1728 
1729 			if (xa_is_value(page) || !PageUptodate(page)) {
1730 				xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1731 				/* swap in or instantiate fallocated page */
1732 				if (shmem_getpage(mapping->host, index, &page,
1733 						  SGP_NOHUGE)) {
1734 					result = SCAN_FAIL;
1735 					goto xa_unlocked;
1736 				}
1737 			} else if (trylock_page(page)) {
1738 				get_page(page);
1739 				xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1740 			} else {
1741 				result = SCAN_PAGE_LOCK;
1742 				goto xa_locked;
1743 			}
1744 		} else {	/* !is_shmem */
1745 			if (!page || xa_is_value(page)) {
1746 				xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1747 				page_cache_sync_readahead(mapping, &file->f_ra,
1748 							  file, index,
1749 							  end - index);
1750 				/* drain pagevecs to help isolate_lru_page() */
1751 				lru_add_drain();
1752 				page = find_lock_page(mapping, index);
1753 				if (unlikely(page == NULL)) {
1754 					result = SCAN_FAIL;
1755 					goto xa_unlocked;
1756 				}
1757 			} else if (PageDirty(page)) {
1758 				/*
1759 				 * khugepaged only works on read-only fd,
1760 				 * so this page is dirty because it hasn't
1761 				 * been flushed since first write. There
1762 				 * won't be new dirty pages.
1763 				 *
1764 				 * Trigger async flush here and hope the
1765 				 * writeback is done when khugepaged
1766 				 * revisits this page.
1767 				 *
1768 				 * This is a one-off situation. We are not
1769 				 * forcing writeback in loop.
1770 				 */
1771 				xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1772 				filemap_flush(mapping);
1773 				result = SCAN_FAIL;
1774 				goto xa_unlocked;
1775 			} else if (trylock_page(page)) {
1776 				get_page(page);
1777 				xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1778 			} else {
1779 				result = SCAN_PAGE_LOCK;
1780 				goto xa_locked;
1781 			}
1782 		}
1783 
1784 		/*
1785 		 * The page must be locked, so we can drop the i_pages lock
1786 		 * without racing with truncate.
1787 		 */
1788 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
1789 
1790 		/* make sure the page is up to date */
1791 		if (unlikely(!PageUptodate(page))) {
1792 			result = SCAN_FAIL;
1793 			goto out_unlock;
1794 		}
1795 
1796 		/*
1797 		 * If file was truncated then extended, or hole-punched, before
1798 		 * we locked the first page, then a THP might be there already.
1799 		 */
1800 		if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
1801 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COMPOUND;
1802 			goto out_unlock;
1803 		}
1804 
1805 		if (page_mapping(page) != mapping) {
1806 			result = SCAN_TRUNCATED;
1807 			goto out_unlock;
1808 		}
1809 
1810 		if (!is_shmem && PageDirty(page)) {
1811 			/*
1812 			 * khugepaged only works on read-only fd, so this
1813 			 * page is dirty because it hasn't been flushed
1814 			 * since first write.
1815 			 */
1816 			result = SCAN_FAIL;
1817 			goto out_unlock;
1818 		}
1819 
1820 		if (isolate_lru_page(page)) {
1821 			result = SCAN_DEL_PAGE_LRU;
1822 			goto out_unlock;
1823 		}
1824 
1825 		if (page_has_private(page) &&
1826 		    !try_to_release_page(page, GFP_KERNEL)) {
1827 			result = SCAN_PAGE_HAS_PRIVATE;
1828 			putback_lru_page(page);
1829 			goto out_unlock;
1830 		}
1831 
1832 		if (page_mapped(page))
1833 			unmap_mapping_pages(mapping, index, 1, false);
1834 
1835 		xas_lock_irq(&xas);
1836 		xas_set(&xas, index);
1837 
1838 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page != xas_load(&xas), page);
1839 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_mapped(page), page);
1840 
1841 		/*
1842 		 * The page is expected to have page_count() == 3:
1843 		 *  - we hold a pin on it;
1844 		 *  - one reference from page cache;
1845 		 *  - one from isolate_lru_page;
1846 		 */
1847 		if (!page_ref_freeze(page, 3)) {
1848 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COUNT;
1849 			xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1850 			putback_lru_page(page);
1851 			goto out_unlock;
1852 		}
1853 
1854 		/*
1855 		 * Add the page to the list to be able to undo the collapse if
1856 		 * something go wrong.
1857 		 */
1858 		list_add_tail(&page->lru, &pagelist);
1859 
1860 		/* Finally, replace with the new page. */
1861 		xas_store(&xas, new_page);
1862 		continue;
1863 out_unlock:
1864 		unlock_page(page);
1865 		put_page(page);
1866 		goto xa_unlocked;
1867 	}
1868 	nr = thp_nr_pages(new_page);
1869 
1870 	if (is_shmem)
1871 		__mod_lruvec_page_state(new_page, NR_SHMEM_THPS, nr);
1872 	else {
1873 		__mod_lruvec_page_state(new_page, NR_FILE_THPS, nr);
1874 		filemap_nr_thps_inc(mapping);
1875 	}
1876 
1877 	if (nr_none) {
1878 		__mod_lruvec_page_state(new_page, NR_FILE_PAGES, nr_none);
1879 		if (is_shmem)
1880 			__mod_lruvec_page_state(new_page, NR_SHMEM, nr_none);
1881 	}
1882 
1883 xa_locked:
1884 	xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1885 xa_unlocked:
1886 
1887 	if (result == SCAN_SUCCEED) {
1888 		struct page *page, *tmp;
1889 
1890 		/*
1891 		 * Replacing old pages with new one has succeeded, now we
1892 		 * need to copy the content and free the old pages.
1893 		 */
1894 		index = start;
1895 		list_for_each_entry_safe(page, tmp, &pagelist, lru) {
1896 			while (index < page->index) {
1897 				clear_highpage(new_page + (index % HPAGE_PMD_NR));
1898 				index++;
1899 			}
1900 			copy_highpage(new_page + (page->index % HPAGE_PMD_NR),
1901 					page);
1902 			list_del(&page->lru);
1903 			page->mapping = NULL;
1904 			page_ref_unfreeze(page, 1);
1905 			ClearPageActive(page);
1906 			ClearPageUnevictable(page);
1907 			unlock_page(page);
1908 			put_page(page);
1909 			index++;
1910 		}
1911 		while (index < end) {
1912 			clear_highpage(new_page + (index % HPAGE_PMD_NR));
1913 			index++;
1914 		}
1915 
1916 		SetPageUptodate(new_page);
1917 		page_ref_add(new_page, HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1);
1918 		if (is_shmem)
1919 			set_page_dirty(new_page);
1920 		lru_cache_add(new_page);
1921 
1922 		/*
1923 		 * Remove pte page tables, so we can re-fault the page as huge.
1924 		 */
1925 		retract_page_tables(mapping, start);
1926 		*hpage = NULL;
1927 
1928 		khugepaged_pages_collapsed++;
1929 	} else {
1930 		struct page *page;
1931 
1932 		/* Something went wrong: roll back page cache changes */
1933 		xas_lock_irq(&xas);
1934 		mapping->nrpages -= nr_none;
1935 
1936 		if (is_shmem)
1937 			shmem_uncharge(mapping->host, nr_none);
1938 
1939 		xas_set(&xas, start);
1940 		xas_for_each(&xas, page, end - 1) {
1941 			page = list_first_entry_or_null(&pagelist,
1942 					struct page, lru);
1943 			if (!page || xas.xa_index < page->index) {
1944 				if (!nr_none)
1945 					break;
1946 				nr_none--;
1947 				/* Put holes back where they were */
1948 				xas_store(&xas, NULL);
1949 				continue;
1950 			}
1951 
1952 			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page->index != xas.xa_index, page);
1953 
1954 			/* Unfreeze the page. */
1955 			list_del(&page->lru);
1956 			page_ref_unfreeze(page, 2);
1957 			xas_store(&xas, page);
1958 			xas_pause(&xas);
1959 			xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1960 			unlock_page(page);
1961 			putback_lru_page(page);
1962 			xas_lock_irq(&xas);
1963 		}
1964 		VM_BUG_ON(nr_none);
1965 		xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
1966 
1967 		new_page->mapping = NULL;
1968 	}
1969 
1970 	unlock_page(new_page);
1971 out:
1972 	VM_BUG_ON(!list_empty(&pagelist));
1973 	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(*hpage))
1974 		mem_cgroup_uncharge(*hpage);
1975 	/* TODO: tracepoints */
1976 }
1977 
1978 static void khugepaged_scan_file(struct mm_struct *mm,
1979 		struct file *file, pgoff_t start, struct page **hpage)
1980 {
1981 	struct page *page = NULL;
1982 	struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
1983 	XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start);
1984 	int present, swap;
1985 	int node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
1986 	int result = SCAN_SUCCEED;
1987 
1988 	present = 0;
1989 	swap = 0;
1990 	memset(khugepaged_node_load, 0, sizeof(khugepaged_node_load));
1991 	rcu_read_lock();
1992 	xas_for_each(&xas, page, start + HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1) {
1993 		if (xas_retry(&xas, page))
1994 			continue;
1995 
1996 		if (xa_is_value(page)) {
1997 			if (++swap > khugepaged_max_ptes_swap) {
1998 				result = SCAN_EXCEED_SWAP_PTE;
1999 				break;
2000 			}
2001 			continue;
2002 		}
2003 
2004 		if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
2005 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COMPOUND;
2006 			break;
2007 		}
2008 
2009 		node = page_to_nid(page);
2010 		if (khugepaged_scan_abort(node)) {
2011 			result = SCAN_SCAN_ABORT;
2012 			break;
2013 		}
2014 		khugepaged_node_load[node]++;
2015 
2016 		if (!PageLRU(page)) {
2017 			result = SCAN_PAGE_LRU;
2018 			break;
2019 		}
2020 
2021 		if (page_count(page) !=
2022 		    1 + page_mapcount(page) + page_has_private(page)) {
2023 			result = SCAN_PAGE_COUNT;
2024 			break;
2025 		}
2026 
2027 		/*
2028 		 * We probably should check if the page is referenced here, but
2029 		 * nobody would transfer pte_young() to PageReferenced() for us.
2030 		 * And rmap walk here is just too costly...
2031 		 */
2032 
2033 		present++;
2034 
2035 		if (need_resched()) {
2036 			xas_pause(&xas);
2037 			cond_resched_rcu();
2038 		}
2039 	}
2040 	rcu_read_unlock();
2041 
2042 	if (result == SCAN_SUCCEED) {
2043 		if (present < HPAGE_PMD_NR - khugepaged_max_ptes_none) {
2044 			result = SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE;
2045 		} else {
2046 			node = khugepaged_find_target_node();
2047 			collapse_file(mm, file, start, hpage, node);
2048 		}
2049 	}
2050 
2051 	/* TODO: tracepoints */
2052 }
2053 #else
2054 static void khugepaged_scan_file(struct mm_struct *mm,
2055 		struct file *file, pgoff_t start, struct page **hpage)
2056 {
2057 	BUILD_BUG();
2058 }
2059 
2060 static int khugepaged_collapse_pte_mapped_thps(struct mm_slot *mm_slot)
2061 {
2062 	return 0;
2063 }
2064 #endif
2065 
2066 static unsigned int khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(unsigned int pages,
2067 					    struct page **hpage)
2068 	__releases(&khugepaged_mm_lock)
2069 	__acquires(&khugepaged_mm_lock)
2070 {
2071 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
2072 	struct mm_struct *mm;
2073 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
2074 	int progress = 0;
2075 
2076 	VM_BUG_ON(!pages);
2077 	lockdep_assert_held(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2078 
2079 	if (khugepaged_scan.mm_slot)
2080 		mm_slot = khugepaged_scan.mm_slot;
2081 	else {
2082 		mm_slot = list_entry(khugepaged_scan.mm_head.next,
2083 				     struct mm_slot, mm_node);
2084 		khugepaged_scan.address = 0;
2085 		khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = mm_slot;
2086 	}
2087 	spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2088 	khugepaged_collapse_pte_mapped_thps(mm_slot);
2089 
2090 	mm = mm_slot->mm;
2091 	/*
2092 	 * Don't wait for semaphore (to avoid long wait times).  Just move to
2093 	 * the next mm on the list.
2094 	 */
2095 	vma = NULL;
2096 	if (unlikely(!mmap_read_trylock(mm)))
2097 		goto breakouterloop_mmap_lock;
2098 	if (likely(!khugepaged_test_exit(mm)))
2099 		vma = find_vma(mm, khugepaged_scan.address);
2100 
2101 	progress++;
2102 	for (; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
2103 		unsigned long hstart, hend;
2104 
2105 		cond_resched();
2106 		if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm))) {
2107 			progress++;
2108 			break;
2109 		}
2110 		if (!hugepage_vma_check(vma, vma->vm_flags)) {
2111 skip:
2112 			progress++;
2113 			continue;
2114 		}
2115 		hstart = (vma->vm_start + ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2116 		hend = vma->vm_end & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2117 		if (hstart >= hend)
2118 			goto skip;
2119 		if (khugepaged_scan.address > hend)
2120 			goto skip;
2121 		if (khugepaged_scan.address < hstart)
2122 			khugepaged_scan.address = hstart;
2123 		VM_BUG_ON(khugepaged_scan.address & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
2124 		if (shmem_file(vma->vm_file) && !shmem_huge_enabled(vma))
2125 			goto skip;
2126 
2127 		while (khugepaged_scan.address < hend) {
2128 			int ret;
2129 			cond_resched();
2130 			if (unlikely(khugepaged_test_exit(mm)))
2131 				goto breakouterloop;
2132 
2133 			VM_BUG_ON(khugepaged_scan.address < hstart ||
2134 				  khugepaged_scan.address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE >
2135 				  hend);
2136 			if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SHMEM) && vma->vm_file) {
2137 				struct file *file = get_file(vma->vm_file);
2138 				pgoff_t pgoff = linear_page_index(vma,
2139 						khugepaged_scan.address);
2140 
2141 				mmap_read_unlock(mm);
2142 				ret = 1;
2143 				khugepaged_scan_file(mm, file, pgoff, hpage);
2144 				fput(file);
2145 			} else {
2146 				ret = khugepaged_scan_pmd(mm, vma,
2147 						khugepaged_scan.address,
2148 						hpage);
2149 			}
2150 			/* move to next address */
2151 			khugepaged_scan.address += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
2152 			progress += HPAGE_PMD_NR;
2153 			if (ret)
2154 				/* we released mmap_lock so break loop */
2155 				goto breakouterloop_mmap_lock;
2156 			if (progress >= pages)
2157 				goto breakouterloop;
2158 		}
2159 	}
2160 breakouterloop:
2161 	mmap_read_unlock(mm); /* exit_mmap will destroy ptes after this */
2162 breakouterloop_mmap_lock:
2163 
2164 	spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2165 	VM_BUG_ON(khugepaged_scan.mm_slot != mm_slot);
2166 	/*
2167 	 * Release the current mm_slot if this mm is about to die, or
2168 	 * if we scanned all vmas of this mm.
2169 	 */
2170 	if (khugepaged_test_exit(mm) || !vma) {
2171 		/*
2172 		 * Make sure that if mm_users is reaching zero while
2173 		 * khugepaged runs here, khugepaged_exit will find
2174 		 * mm_slot not pointing to the exiting mm.
2175 		 */
2176 		if (mm_slot->mm_node.next != &khugepaged_scan.mm_head) {
2177 			khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = list_entry(
2178 				mm_slot->mm_node.next,
2179 				struct mm_slot, mm_node);
2180 			khugepaged_scan.address = 0;
2181 		} else {
2182 			khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = NULL;
2183 			khugepaged_full_scans++;
2184 		}
2185 
2186 		collect_mm_slot(mm_slot);
2187 	}
2188 
2189 	return progress;
2190 }
2191 
2192 static int khugepaged_has_work(void)
2193 {
2194 	return !list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head) &&
2195 		khugepaged_enabled();
2196 }
2197 
2198 static int khugepaged_wait_event(void)
2199 {
2200 	return !list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head) ||
2201 		kthread_should_stop();
2202 }
2203 
2204 static void khugepaged_do_scan(void)
2205 {
2206 	struct page *hpage = NULL;
2207 	unsigned int progress = 0, pass_through_head = 0;
2208 	unsigned int pages = khugepaged_pages_to_scan;
2209 	bool wait = true;
2210 
2211 	barrier(); /* write khugepaged_pages_to_scan to local stack */
2212 
2213 	lru_add_drain_all();
2214 
2215 	while (progress < pages) {
2216 		if (!khugepaged_prealloc_page(&hpage, &wait))
2217 			break;
2218 
2219 		cond_resched();
2220 
2221 		if (unlikely(kthread_should_stop() || try_to_freeze()))
2222 			break;
2223 
2224 		spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2225 		if (!khugepaged_scan.mm_slot)
2226 			pass_through_head++;
2227 		if (khugepaged_has_work() &&
2228 		    pass_through_head < 2)
2229 			progress += khugepaged_scan_mm_slot(pages - progress,
2230 							    &hpage);
2231 		else
2232 			progress = pages;
2233 		spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2234 	}
2235 
2236 	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(hpage))
2237 		put_page(hpage);
2238 }
2239 
2240 static bool khugepaged_should_wakeup(void)
2241 {
2242 	return kthread_should_stop() ||
2243 	       time_after_eq(jiffies, khugepaged_sleep_expire);
2244 }
2245 
2246 static void khugepaged_wait_work(void)
2247 {
2248 	if (khugepaged_has_work()) {
2249 		const unsigned long scan_sleep_jiffies =
2250 			msecs_to_jiffies(khugepaged_scan_sleep_millisecs);
2251 
2252 		if (!scan_sleep_jiffies)
2253 			return;
2254 
2255 		khugepaged_sleep_expire = jiffies + scan_sleep_jiffies;
2256 		wait_event_freezable_timeout(khugepaged_wait,
2257 					     khugepaged_should_wakeup(),
2258 					     scan_sleep_jiffies);
2259 		return;
2260 	}
2261 
2262 	if (khugepaged_enabled())
2263 		wait_event_freezable(khugepaged_wait, khugepaged_wait_event());
2264 }
2265 
2266 static int khugepaged(void *none)
2267 {
2268 	struct mm_slot *mm_slot;
2269 
2270 	set_freezable();
2271 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2272 
2273 	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
2274 		khugepaged_do_scan();
2275 		khugepaged_wait_work();
2276 	}
2277 
2278 	spin_lock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2279 	mm_slot = khugepaged_scan.mm_slot;
2280 	khugepaged_scan.mm_slot = NULL;
2281 	if (mm_slot)
2282 		collect_mm_slot(mm_slot);
2283 	spin_unlock(&khugepaged_mm_lock);
2284 	return 0;
2285 }
2286 
2287 static void set_recommended_min_free_kbytes(void)
2288 {
2289 	struct zone *zone;
2290 	int nr_zones = 0;
2291 	unsigned long recommended_min;
2292 
2293 	for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
2294 		/*
2295 		 * We don't need to worry about fragmentation of
2296 		 * ZONE_MOVABLE since it only has movable pages.
2297 		 */
2298 		if (zone_idx(zone) > gfp_zone(GFP_USER))
2299 			continue;
2300 
2301 		nr_zones++;
2302 	}
2303 
2304 	/* Ensure 2 pageblocks are free to assist fragmentation avoidance */
2305 	recommended_min = pageblock_nr_pages * nr_zones * 2;
2306 
2307 	/*
2308 	 * Make sure that on average at least two pageblocks are almost free
2309 	 * of another type, one for a migratetype to fall back to and a
2310 	 * second to avoid subsequent fallbacks of other types There are 3
2311 	 * MIGRATE_TYPES we care about.
2312 	 */
2313 	recommended_min += pageblock_nr_pages * nr_zones *
2314 			   MIGRATE_PCPTYPES * MIGRATE_PCPTYPES;
2315 
2316 	/* don't ever allow to reserve more than 5% of the lowmem */
2317 	recommended_min = min(recommended_min,
2318 			      (unsigned long) nr_free_buffer_pages() / 20);
2319 	recommended_min <<= (PAGE_SHIFT-10);
2320 
2321 	if (recommended_min > min_free_kbytes) {
2322 		if (user_min_free_kbytes >= 0)
2323 			pr_info("raising min_free_kbytes from %d to %lu to help transparent hugepage allocations\n",
2324 				min_free_kbytes, recommended_min);
2325 
2326 		min_free_kbytes = recommended_min;
2327 	}
2328 	setup_per_zone_wmarks();
2329 }
2330 
2331 int start_stop_khugepaged(void)
2332 {
2333 	int err = 0;
2334 
2335 	mutex_lock(&khugepaged_mutex);
2336 	if (khugepaged_enabled()) {
2337 		if (!khugepaged_thread)
2338 			khugepaged_thread = kthread_run(khugepaged, NULL,
2339 							"khugepaged");
2340 		if (IS_ERR(khugepaged_thread)) {
2341 			pr_err("khugepaged: kthread_run(khugepaged) failed\n");
2342 			err = PTR_ERR(khugepaged_thread);
2343 			khugepaged_thread = NULL;
2344 			goto fail;
2345 		}
2346 
2347 		if (!list_empty(&khugepaged_scan.mm_head))
2348 			wake_up_interruptible(&khugepaged_wait);
2349 
2350 		set_recommended_min_free_kbytes();
2351 	} else if (khugepaged_thread) {
2352 		kthread_stop(khugepaged_thread);
2353 		khugepaged_thread = NULL;
2354 	}
2355 fail:
2356 	mutex_unlock(&khugepaged_mutex);
2357 	return err;
2358 }
2359 
2360 void khugepaged_min_free_kbytes_update(void)
2361 {
2362 	mutex_lock(&khugepaged_mutex);
2363 	if (khugepaged_enabled() && khugepaged_thread)
2364 		set_recommended_min_free_kbytes();
2365 	mutex_unlock(&khugepaged_mutex);
2366 }
2367