xref: /openbmc/linux/lib/vsprintf.c (revision 7fc96d71)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
6  */
7 
8 /* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
9 /*
10  * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
11  */
12 
13 /*
14  * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
15  * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
16  * So Feb  1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
17  * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
18  */
19 
20 #include <linux/stdarg.h>
21 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
22 #include <linux/clk.h>
23 #include <linux/clk-provider.h>
24 #include <linux/errname.h>
25 #include <linux/module.h>	/* for KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN */
26 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/string.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
30 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
31 #include <linux/math64.h>
32 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 #include <linux/ioport.h>
34 #include <linux/dcache.h>
35 #include <linux/cred.h>
36 #include <linux/rtc.h>
37 #include <linux/time.h>
38 #include <linux/uuid.h>
39 #include <linux/of.h>
40 #include <net/addrconf.h>
41 #include <linux/siphash.h>
42 #include <linux/compiler.h>
43 #include <linux/property.h>
44 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
45 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
46 #endif
47 
48 #include "../mm/internal.h"	/* For the trace_print_flags arrays */
49 
50 #include <asm/page.h>		/* for PAGE_SIZE */
51 #include <asm/byteorder.h>	/* cpu_to_le16 */
52 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
53 
54 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
55 #include "kstrtox.h"
56 
57 /* Disable pointer hashing if requested */
58 bool no_hash_pointers __ro_after_init;
59 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(no_hash_pointers);
60 
61 static noinline unsigned long long simple_strntoull(const char *startp, size_t max_chars, char **endp, unsigned int base)
62 {
63 	const char *cp;
64 	unsigned long long result = 0ULL;
65 	size_t prefix_chars;
66 	unsigned int rv;
67 
68 	cp = _parse_integer_fixup_radix(startp, &base);
69 	prefix_chars = cp - startp;
70 	if (prefix_chars < max_chars) {
71 		rv = _parse_integer_limit(cp, base, &result, max_chars - prefix_chars);
72 		/* FIXME */
73 		cp += (rv & ~KSTRTOX_OVERFLOW);
74 	} else {
75 		/* Field too short for prefix + digit, skip over without converting */
76 		cp = startp + max_chars;
77 	}
78 
79 	if (endp)
80 		*endp = (char *)cp;
81 
82 	return result;
83 }
84 
85 /**
86  * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
87  * @cp: The start of the string
88  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
89  * @base: The number base to use
90  *
91  * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoull instead.
92  */
93 noinline
94 unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
95 {
96 	return simple_strntoull(cp, INT_MAX, endp, base);
97 }
98 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);
99 
100 /**
101  * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
102  * @cp: The start of the string
103  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
104  * @base: The number base to use
105  *
106  * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoul instead.
107  */
108 unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
109 {
110 	return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
111 }
112 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);
113 
114 /**
115  * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
116  * @cp: The start of the string
117  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
118  * @base: The number base to use
119  *
120  * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtol instead.
121  */
122 long simple_strtol(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
123 {
124 	if (*cp == '-')
125 		return -simple_strtoul(cp + 1, endp, base);
126 
127 	return simple_strtoul(cp, endp, base);
128 }
129 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);
130 
131 static long long simple_strntoll(const char *cp, size_t max_chars, char **endp,
132 				 unsigned int base)
133 {
134 	/*
135 	 * simple_strntoull() safely handles receiving max_chars==0 in the
136 	 * case cp[0] == '-' && max_chars == 1.
137 	 * If max_chars == 0 we can drop through and pass it to simple_strntoull()
138 	 * and the content of *cp is irrelevant.
139 	 */
140 	if (*cp == '-' && max_chars > 0)
141 		return -simple_strntoull(cp + 1, max_chars - 1, endp, base);
142 
143 	return simple_strntoull(cp, max_chars, endp, base);
144 }
145 
146 /**
147  * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
148  * @cp: The start of the string
149  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
150  * @base: The number base to use
151  *
152  * This function has caveats. Please use kstrtoll instead.
153  */
154 long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
155 {
156 	return simple_strntoll(cp, INT_MAX, endp, base);
157 }
158 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoll);
159 
160 static noinline_for_stack
161 int skip_atoi(const char **s)
162 {
163 	int i = 0;
164 
165 	do {
166 		i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
167 	} while (isdigit(**s));
168 
169 	return i;
170 }
171 
172 /*
173  * Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used for
174  * /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
175  * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed by emitting
176  * two characters at a time, using a 200 byte lookup table. This
177  * roughly halves the number of multiplications compared to computing
178  * the digits one at a time. Implementation strongly inspired by the
179  * previous version, which in turn used ideas described at
180  * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/divide.html> (with permission
181  * from the author, Douglas W. Jones).
182  *
183  * It turns out there is precisely one 26 bit fixed-point
184  * approximation a of 64/100 for which x/100 == (x * (u64)a) >> 32
185  * holds for all x in [0, 10^8-1], namely a = 0x28f5c29. The actual
186  * range happens to be somewhat larger (x <= 1073741898), but that's
187  * irrelevant for our purpose.
188  *
189  * For dividing a number in the range [10^4, 10^6-1] by 100, we still
190  * need a 32x32->64 bit multiply, so we simply use the same constant.
191  *
192  * For dividing a number in the range [100, 10^4-1] by 100, there are
193  * several options. The simplest is (x * 0x147b) >> 19, which is valid
194  * for all x <= 43698.
195  */
196 
197 static const u16 decpair[100] = {
198 #define _(x) (__force u16) cpu_to_le16(((x % 10) | ((x / 10) << 8)) + 0x3030)
199 	_( 0), _( 1), _( 2), _( 3), _( 4), _( 5), _( 6), _( 7), _( 8), _( 9),
200 	_(10), _(11), _(12), _(13), _(14), _(15), _(16), _(17), _(18), _(19),
201 	_(20), _(21), _(22), _(23), _(24), _(25), _(26), _(27), _(28), _(29),
202 	_(30), _(31), _(32), _(33), _(34), _(35), _(36), _(37), _(38), _(39),
203 	_(40), _(41), _(42), _(43), _(44), _(45), _(46), _(47), _(48), _(49),
204 	_(50), _(51), _(52), _(53), _(54), _(55), _(56), _(57), _(58), _(59),
205 	_(60), _(61), _(62), _(63), _(64), _(65), _(66), _(67), _(68), _(69),
206 	_(70), _(71), _(72), _(73), _(74), _(75), _(76), _(77), _(78), _(79),
207 	_(80), _(81), _(82), _(83), _(84), _(85), _(86), _(87), _(88), _(89),
208 	_(90), _(91), _(92), _(93), _(94), _(95), _(96), _(97), _(98), _(99),
209 #undef _
210 };
211 
212 /*
213  * This will print a single '0' even if r == 0, since we would
214  * immediately jump to out_r where two 0s would be written but only
215  * one of them accounted for in buf. This is needed by ip4_string
216  * below. All other callers pass a non-zero value of r.
217 */
218 static noinline_for_stack
219 char *put_dec_trunc8(char *buf, unsigned r)
220 {
221 	unsigned q;
222 
223 	/* 1 <= r < 10^8 */
224 	if (r < 100)
225 		goto out_r;
226 
227 	/* 100 <= r < 10^8 */
228 	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
229 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
230 	buf += 2;
231 
232 	/* 1 <= q < 10^6 */
233 	if (q < 100)
234 		goto out_q;
235 
236 	/*  100 <= q < 10^6 */
237 	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
238 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
239 	buf += 2;
240 
241 	/* 1 <= r < 10^4 */
242 	if (r < 100)
243 		goto out_r;
244 
245 	/* 100 <= r < 10^4 */
246 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
247 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
248 	buf += 2;
249 out_q:
250 	/* 1 <= q < 100 */
251 	r = q;
252 out_r:
253 	/* 1 <= r < 100 */
254 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r];
255 	buf += r < 10 ? 1 : 2;
256 	return buf;
257 }
258 
259 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
260 static noinline_for_stack
261 char *put_dec_full8(char *buf, unsigned r)
262 {
263 	unsigned q;
264 
265 	/* 0 <= r < 10^8 */
266 	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
267 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
268 	buf += 2;
269 
270 	/* 0 <= q < 10^6 */
271 	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
272 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
273 	buf += 2;
274 
275 	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
276 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
277 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
278 	buf += 2;
279 
280 	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
281 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
282 	buf += 2;
283 	return buf;
284 }
285 
286 static noinline_for_stack
287 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
288 {
289 	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
290 		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
291 	/* 1 <= n <= 1.6e11 */
292 	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
293 		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
294 	/* 1 <= n < 1e8 */
295 	return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
296 }
297 
298 #elif BITS_PER_LONG == 32 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
299 
300 static void
301 put_dec_full4(char *buf, unsigned r)
302 {
303 	unsigned q;
304 
305 	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
306 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
307 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
308 	buf += 2;
309 	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
310 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
311 }
312 
313 /*
314  * Call put_dec_full4 on x % 10000, return x / 10000.
315  * The approximation x/10000 == (x * 0x346DC5D7) >> 43
316  * holds for all x < 1,128,869,999.  The largest value this
317  * helper will ever be asked to convert is 1,125,520,955.
318  * (second call in the put_dec code, assuming n is all-ones).
319  */
320 static noinline_for_stack
321 unsigned put_dec_helper4(char *buf, unsigned x)
322 {
323         uint32_t q = (x * (uint64_t)0x346DC5D7) >> 43;
324 
325         put_dec_full4(buf, x - q * 10000);
326         return q;
327 }
328 
329 /* Based on code by Douglas W. Jones found at
330  * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html#sixtyfour>
331  * (with permission from the author).
332  * Performs no 64-bit division and hence should be fast on 32-bit machines.
333  */
334 static
335 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
336 {
337 	uint32_t d3, d2, d1, q, h;
338 
339 	if (n < 100*1000*1000)
340 		return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
341 
342 	d1  = ((uint32_t)n >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
343 	h   = (n >> 32);
344 	d2  = (h      ) & 0xffff;
345 	d3  = (h >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
346 
347 	/* n = 2^48 d3 + 2^32 d2 + 2^16 d1 + d0
348 	     = 281_4749_7671_0656 d3 + 42_9496_7296 d2 + 6_5536 d1 + d0 */
349 	q   = 656 * d3 + 7296 * d2 + 5536 * d1 + ((uint32_t)n & 0xffff);
350 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf, q);
351 
352 	q += 7671 * d3 + 9496 * d2 + 6 * d1;
353 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+4, q);
354 
355 	q += 4749 * d3 + 42 * d2;
356 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+8, q);
357 
358 	q += 281 * d3;
359 	buf += 12;
360 	if (q)
361 		buf = put_dec_trunc8(buf, q);
362 	else while (buf[-1] == '0')
363 		--buf;
364 
365 	return buf;
366 }
367 
368 #endif
369 
370 /*
371  * Convert passed number to decimal string.
372  * Returns the length of string.  On buffer overflow, returns 0.
373  *
374  * If speed is not important, use snprintf(). It's easy to read the code.
375  */
376 int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num, unsigned int width)
377 {
378 	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
379 	char tmp[sizeof(num) * 3] __aligned(2);
380 	int idx, len;
381 
382 	/* put_dec() may work incorrectly for num = 0 (generate "", not "0") */
383 	if (num <= 9) {
384 		tmp[0] = '0' + num;
385 		len = 1;
386 	} else {
387 		len = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
388 	}
389 
390 	if (len > size || width > size)
391 		return 0;
392 
393 	if (width > len) {
394 		width = width - len;
395 		for (idx = 0; idx < width; idx++)
396 			buf[idx] = ' ';
397 	} else {
398 		width = 0;
399 	}
400 
401 	for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
402 		buf[idx + width] = tmp[len - idx - 1];
403 
404 	return len + width;
405 }
406 
407 #define SIGN	1		/* unsigned/signed, must be 1 */
408 #define LEFT	2		/* left justified */
409 #define PLUS	4		/* show plus */
410 #define SPACE	8		/* space if plus */
411 #define ZEROPAD	16		/* pad with zero, must be 16 == '0' - ' ' */
412 #define SMALL	32		/* use lowercase in hex (must be 32 == 0x20) */
413 #define SPECIAL	64		/* prefix hex with "0x", octal with "0" */
414 
415 static_assert(SIGN == 1);
416 static_assert(ZEROPAD == ('0' - ' '));
417 static_assert(SMALL == ('a' ^ 'A'));
418 
419 enum format_type {
420 	FORMAT_TYPE_NONE, /* Just a string part */
421 	FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH,
422 	FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION,
423 	FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR,
424 	FORMAT_TYPE_STR,
425 	FORMAT_TYPE_PTR,
426 	FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR,
427 	FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID,
428 	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG,
429 	FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG,
430 	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG,
431 	FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE,
432 	FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE,
433 	FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT,
434 	FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT,
435 	FORMAT_TYPE_UINT,
436 	FORMAT_TYPE_INT,
437 	FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T,
438 	FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF
439 };
440 
441 struct printf_spec {
442 	unsigned int	type:8;		/* format_type enum */
443 	signed int	field_width:24;	/* width of output field */
444 	unsigned int	flags:8;	/* flags to number() */
445 	unsigned int	base:8;		/* number base, 8, 10 or 16 only */
446 	signed int	precision:16;	/* # of digits/chars */
447 } __packed;
448 static_assert(sizeof(struct printf_spec) == 8);
449 
450 #define FIELD_WIDTH_MAX ((1 << 23) - 1)
451 #define PRECISION_MAX ((1 << 15) - 1)
452 
453 static noinline_for_stack
454 char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num,
455 	     struct printf_spec spec)
456 {
457 	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
458 	char tmp[3 * sizeof(num)] __aligned(2);
459 	char sign;
460 	char locase;
461 	int need_pfx = ((spec.flags & SPECIAL) && spec.base != 10);
462 	int i;
463 	bool is_zero = num == 0LL;
464 	int field_width = spec.field_width;
465 	int precision = spec.precision;
466 
467 	/* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
468 	 * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
469 	locase = (spec.flags & SMALL);
470 	if (spec.flags & LEFT)
471 		spec.flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
472 	sign = 0;
473 	if (spec.flags & SIGN) {
474 		if ((signed long long)num < 0) {
475 			sign = '-';
476 			num = -(signed long long)num;
477 			field_width--;
478 		} else if (spec.flags & PLUS) {
479 			sign = '+';
480 			field_width--;
481 		} else if (spec.flags & SPACE) {
482 			sign = ' ';
483 			field_width--;
484 		}
485 	}
486 	if (need_pfx) {
487 		if (spec.base == 16)
488 			field_width -= 2;
489 		else if (!is_zero)
490 			field_width--;
491 	}
492 
493 	/* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
494 	i = 0;
495 	if (num < spec.base)
496 		tmp[i++] = hex_asc_upper[num] | locase;
497 	else if (spec.base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
498 		int mask = spec.base - 1;
499 		int shift = 3;
500 
501 		if (spec.base == 16)
502 			shift = 4;
503 		do {
504 			tmp[i++] = (hex_asc_upper[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
505 			num >>= shift;
506 		} while (num);
507 	} else { /* base 10 */
508 		i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
509 	}
510 
511 	/* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
512 	if (i > precision)
513 		precision = i;
514 	/* leading space padding */
515 	field_width -= precision;
516 	if (!(spec.flags & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) {
517 		while (--field_width >= 0) {
518 			if (buf < end)
519 				*buf = ' ';
520 			++buf;
521 		}
522 	}
523 	/* sign */
524 	if (sign) {
525 		if (buf < end)
526 			*buf = sign;
527 		++buf;
528 	}
529 	/* "0x" / "0" prefix */
530 	if (need_pfx) {
531 		if (spec.base == 16 || !is_zero) {
532 			if (buf < end)
533 				*buf = '0';
534 			++buf;
535 		}
536 		if (spec.base == 16) {
537 			if (buf < end)
538 				*buf = ('X' | locase);
539 			++buf;
540 		}
541 	}
542 	/* zero or space padding */
543 	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
544 		char c = ' ' + (spec.flags & ZEROPAD);
545 
546 		while (--field_width >= 0) {
547 			if (buf < end)
548 				*buf = c;
549 			++buf;
550 		}
551 	}
552 	/* hmm even more zero padding? */
553 	while (i <= --precision) {
554 		if (buf < end)
555 			*buf = '0';
556 		++buf;
557 	}
558 	/* actual digits of result */
559 	while (--i >= 0) {
560 		if (buf < end)
561 			*buf = tmp[i];
562 		++buf;
563 	}
564 	/* trailing space padding */
565 	while (--field_width >= 0) {
566 		if (buf < end)
567 			*buf = ' ';
568 		++buf;
569 	}
570 
571 	return buf;
572 }
573 
574 static noinline_for_stack
575 char *special_hex_number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int size)
576 {
577 	struct printf_spec spec;
578 
579 	spec.type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
580 	spec.field_width = 2 + 2 * size;	/* 0x + hex */
581 	spec.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
582 	spec.base = 16;
583 	spec.precision = -1;
584 
585 	return number(buf, end, num, spec);
586 }
587 
588 static void move_right(char *buf, char *end, unsigned len, unsigned spaces)
589 {
590 	size_t size;
591 	if (buf >= end)	/* nowhere to put anything */
592 		return;
593 	size = end - buf;
594 	if (size <= spaces) {
595 		memset(buf, ' ', size);
596 		return;
597 	}
598 	if (len) {
599 		if (len > size - spaces)
600 			len = size - spaces;
601 		memmove(buf + spaces, buf, len);
602 	}
603 	memset(buf, ' ', spaces);
604 }
605 
606 /*
607  * Handle field width padding for a string.
608  * @buf: current buffer position
609  * @n: length of string
610  * @end: end of output buffer
611  * @spec: for field width and flags
612  * Returns: new buffer position after padding.
613  */
614 static noinline_for_stack
615 char *widen_string(char *buf, int n, char *end, struct printf_spec spec)
616 {
617 	unsigned spaces;
618 
619 	if (likely(n >= spec.field_width))
620 		return buf;
621 	/* we want to pad the sucker */
622 	spaces = spec.field_width - n;
623 	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
624 		move_right(buf - n, end, n, spaces);
625 		return buf + spaces;
626 	}
627 	while (spaces--) {
628 		if (buf < end)
629 			*buf = ' ';
630 		++buf;
631 	}
632 	return buf;
633 }
634 
635 /* Handle string from a well known address. */
636 static char *string_nocheck(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
637 			    struct printf_spec spec)
638 {
639 	int len = 0;
640 	int lim = spec.precision;
641 
642 	while (lim--) {
643 		char c = *s++;
644 		if (!c)
645 			break;
646 		if (buf < end)
647 			*buf = c;
648 		++buf;
649 		++len;
650 	}
651 	return widen_string(buf, len, end, spec);
652 }
653 
654 static char *err_ptr(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
655 		     struct printf_spec spec)
656 {
657 	int err = PTR_ERR(ptr);
658 	const char *sym = errname(err);
659 
660 	if (sym)
661 		return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
662 
663 	/*
664 	 * Somebody passed ERR_PTR(-1234) or some other non-existing
665 	 * Efoo - or perhaps CONFIG_SYMBOLIC_ERRNAME=n. Fall back to
666 	 * printing it as its decimal representation.
667 	 */
668 	spec.flags |= SIGN;
669 	spec.base = 10;
670 	return number(buf, end, err, spec);
671 }
672 
673 /* Be careful: error messages must fit into the given buffer. */
674 static char *error_string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
675 			  struct printf_spec spec)
676 {
677 	/*
678 	 * Hard limit to avoid a completely insane messages. It actually
679 	 * works pretty well because most error messages are in
680 	 * the many pointer format modifiers.
681 	 */
682 	if (spec.precision == -1)
683 		spec.precision = 2 * sizeof(void *);
684 
685 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
686 }
687 
688 /*
689  * Do not call any complex external code here. Nested printk()/vsprintf()
690  * might cause infinite loops. Failures might break printk() and would
691  * be hard to debug.
692  */
693 static const char *check_pointer_msg(const void *ptr)
694 {
695 	if (!ptr)
696 		return "(null)";
697 
698 	if ((unsigned long)ptr < PAGE_SIZE || IS_ERR_VALUE(ptr))
699 		return "(efault)";
700 
701 	return NULL;
702 }
703 
704 static int check_pointer(char **buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
705 			 struct printf_spec spec)
706 {
707 	const char *err_msg;
708 
709 	err_msg = check_pointer_msg(ptr);
710 	if (err_msg) {
711 		*buf = error_string(*buf, end, err_msg, spec);
712 		return -EFAULT;
713 	}
714 
715 	return 0;
716 }
717 
718 static noinline_for_stack
719 char *string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
720 	     struct printf_spec spec)
721 {
722 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, s, spec))
723 		return buf;
724 
725 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
726 }
727 
728 static char *pointer_string(char *buf, char *end,
729 			    const void *ptr,
730 			    struct printf_spec spec)
731 {
732 	spec.base = 16;
733 	spec.flags |= SMALL;
734 	if (spec.field_width == -1) {
735 		spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
736 		spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
737 	}
738 
739 	return number(buf, end, (unsigned long int)ptr, spec);
740 }
741 
742 /* Make pointers available for printing early in the boot sequence. */
743 static int debug_boot_weak_hash __ro_after_init;
744 
745 static int __init debug_boot_weak_hash_enable(char *str)
746 {
747 	debug_boot_weak_hash = 1;
748 	pr_info("debug_boot_weak_hash enabled\n");
749 	return 0;
750 }
751 early_param("debug_boot_weak_hash", debug_boot_weak_hash_enable);
752 
753 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(filled_random_ptr_key);
754 
755 static void enable_ptr_key_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
756 {
757 	static_branch_enable(&filled_random_ptr_key);
758 }
759 
760 /* Maps a pointer to a 32 bit unique identifier. */
761 static inline int __ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out)
762 {
763 	static siphash_key_t ptr_key __read_mostly;
764 	unsigned long hashval;
765 
766 	if (!static_branch_likely(&filled_random_ptr_key)) {
767 		static bool filled = false;
768 		static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(filling);
769 		static DECLARE_WORK(enable_ptr_key_work, enable_ptr_key_workfn);
770 		unsigned long flags;
771 
772 		if (!system_unbound_wq ||
773 		    (!rng_is_initialized() && !rng_has_arch_random()) ||
774 		    !spin_trylock_irqsave(&filling, flags))
775 			return -EAGAIN;
776 
777 		if (!filled) {
778 			get_random_bytes(&ptr_key, sizeof(ptr_key));
779 			queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &enable_ptr_key_work);
780 			filled = true;
781 		}
782 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&filling, flags);
783 	}
784 
785 
786 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
787 	hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u64((u64)ptr, &ptr_key);
788 	/*
789 	 * Mask off the first 32 bits, this makes explicit that we have
790 	 * modified the address (and 32 bits is plenty for a unique ID).
791 	 */
792 	hashval = hashval & 0xffffffff;
793 #else
794 	hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u32((u32)ptr, &ptr_key);
795 #endif
796 	*hashval_out = hashval;
797 	return 0;
798 }
799 
800 int ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out)
801 {
802 	return __ptr_to_hashval(ptr, hashval_out);
803 }
804 
805 static char *ptr_to_id(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
806 		       struct printf_spec spec)
807 {
808 	const char *str = sizeof(ptr) == 8 ? "(____ptrval____)" : "(ptrval)";
809 	unsigned long hashval;
810 	int ret;
811 
812 	/*
813 	 * Print the real pointer value for NULL and error pointers,
814 	 * as they are not actual addresses.
815 	 */
816 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(ptr))
817 		return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
818 
819 	/* When debugging early boot use non-cryptographically secure hash. */
820 	if (unlikely(debug_boot_weak_hash)) {
821 		hashval = hash_long((unsigned long)ptr, 32);
822 		return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
823 	}
824 
825 	ret = __ptr_to_hashval(ptr, &hashval);
826 	if (ret) {
827 		spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
828 		/* string length must be less than default_width */
829 		return error_string(buf, end, str, spec);
830 	}
831 
832 	return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
833 }
834 
835 static char *default_pointer(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
836 			     struct printf_spec spec)
837 {
838 	/*
839 	 * default is to _not_ leak addresses, so hash before printing,
840 	 * unless no_hash_pointers is specified on the command line.
841 	 */
842 	if (unlikely(no_hash_pointers))
843 		return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
844 
845 	return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
846 }
847 
848 int kptr_restrict __read_mostly;
849 
850 static noinline_for_stack
851 char *restricted_pointer(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
852 			 struct printf_spec spec)
853 {
854 	switch (kptr_restrict) {
855 	case 0:
856 		/* Handle as %p, hash and do _not_ leak addresses. */
857 		return default_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
858 	case 1: {
859 		const struct cred *cred;
860 
861 		/*
862 		 * kptr_restrict==1 cannot be used in IRQ context
863 		 * because its test for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
864 		 */
865 		if (in_irq() || in_serving_softirq() || in_nmi()) {
866 			if (spec.field_width == -1)
867 				spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
868 			return error_string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
869 		}
870 
871 		/*
872 		 * Only print the real pointer value if the current
873 		 * process has CAP_SYSLOG and is running with the
874 		 * same credentials it started with. This is because
875 		 * access to files is checked at open() time, but %pK
876 		 * checks permission at read() time. We don't want to
877 		 * leak pointer values if a binary opens a file using
878 		 * %pK and then elevates privileges before reading it.
879 		 */
880 		cred = current_cred();
881 		if (!has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG) ||
882 		    !uid_eq(cred->euid, cred->uid) ||
883 		    !gid_eq(cred->egid, cred->gid))
884 			ptr = NULL;
885 		break;
886 	}
887 	case 2:
888 	default:
889 		/* Always print 0's for %pK */
890 		ptr = NULL;
891 		break;
892 	}
893 
894 	return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
895 }
896 
897 static noinline_for_stack
898 char *dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct dentry *d, struct printf_spec spec,
899 		  const char *fmt)
900 {
901 	const char *array[4], *s;
902 	const struct dentry *p;
903 	int depth;
904 	int i, n;
905 
906 	switch (fmt[1]) {
907 		case '2': case '3': case '4':
908 			depth = fmt[1] - '0';
909 			break;
910 		default:
911 			depth = 1;
912 	}
913 
914 	rcu_read_lock();
915 	for (i = 0; i < depth; i++, d = p) {
916 		if (check_pointer(&buf, end, d, spec)) {
917 			rcu_read_unlock();
918 			return buf;
919 		}
920 
921 		p = READ_ONCE(d->d_parent);
922 		array[i] = READ_ONCE(d->d_name.name);
923 		if (p == d) {
924 			if (i)
925 				array[i] = "";
926 			i++;
927 			break;
928 		}
929 	}
930 	s = array[--i];
931 	for (n = 0; n != spec.precision; n++, buf++) {
932 		char c = *s++;
933 		if (!c) {
934 			if (!i)
935 				break;
936 			c = '/';
937 			s = array[--i];
938 		}
939 		if (buf < end)
940 			*buf = c;
941 	}
942 	rcu_read_unlock();
943 	return widen_string(buf, n, end, spec);
944 }
945 
946 static noinline_for_stack
947 char *file_dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct file *f,
948 			struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
949 {
950 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, f, spec))
951 		return buf;
952 
953 	return dentry_name(buf, end, f->f_path.dentry, spec, fmt);
954 }
955 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
956 static noinline_for_stack
957 char *bdev_name(char *buf, char *end, struct block_device *bdev,
958 		struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
959 {
960 	struct gendisk *hd;
961 
962 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bdev, spec))
963 		return buf;
964 
965 	hd = bdev->bd_disk;
966 	buf = string(buf, end, hd->disk_name, spec);
967 	if (bdev->bd_partno) {
968 		if (isdigit(hd->disk_name[strlen(hd->disk_name)-1])) {
969 			if (buf < end)
970 				*buf = 'p';
971 			buf++;
972 		}
973 		buf = number(buf, end, bdev->bd_partno, spec);
974 	}
975 	return buf;
976 }
977 #endif
978 
979 static noinline_for_stack
980 char *symbol_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
981 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
982 {
983 	unsigned long value;
984 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
985 	char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
986 #endif
987 
988 	if (fmt[1] == 'R')
989 		ptr = __builtin_extract_return_addr(ptr);
990 	value = (unsigned long)ptr;
991 
992 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
993 	if (*fmt == 'B' && fmt[1] == 'b')
994 		sprint_backtrace_build_id(sym, value);
995 	else if (*fmt == 'B')
996 		sprint_backtrace(sym, value);
997 	else if (*fmt == 'S' && (fmt[1] == 'b' || (fmt[1] == 'R' && fmt[2] == 'b')))
998 		sprint_symbol_build_id(sym, value);
999 	else if (*fmt != 's')
1000 		sprint_symbol(sym, value);
1001 	else
1002 		sprint_symbol_no_offset(sym, value);
1003 
1004 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1005 #else
1006 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, value, sizeof(void *));
1007 #endif
1008 }
1009 
1010 static const struct printf_spec default_str_spec = {
1011 	.field_width = -1,
1012 	.precision = -1,
1013 };
1014 
1015 static const struct printf_spec default_flag_spec = {
1016 	.base = 16,
1017 	.precision = -1,
1018 	.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL,
1019 };
1020 
1021 static const struct printf_spec default_dec_spec = {
1022 	.base = 10,
1023 	.precision = -1,
1024 };
1025 
1026 static const struct printf_spec default_dec02_spec = {
1027 	.base = 10,
1028 	.field_width = 2,
1029 	.precision = -1,
1030 	.flags = ZEROPAD,
1031 };
1032 
1033 static const struct printf_spec default_dec04_spec = {
1034 	.base = 10,
1035 	.field_width = 4,
1036 	.precision = -1,
1037 	.flags = ZEROPAD,
1038 };
1039 
1040 static noinline_for_stack
1041 char *resource_string(char *buf, char *end, struct resource *res,
1042 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1043 {
1044 #ifndef IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
1045 #define IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	6
1046 #endif
1047 
1048 #ifndef MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
1049 #define MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	10
1050 #endif
1051 	static const struct printf_spec io_spec = {
1052 		.base = 16,
1053 		.field_width = IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
1054 		.precision = -1,
1055 		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1056 	};
1057 	static const struct printf_spec mem_spec = {
1058 		.base = 16,
1059 		.field_width = MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
1060 		.precision = -1,
1061 		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1062 	};
1063 	static const struct printf_spec bus_spec = {
1064 		.base = 16,
1065 		.field_width = 2,
1066 		.precision = -1,
1067 		.flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1068 	};
1069 	static const struct printf_spec str_spec = {
1070 		.field_width = -1,
1071 		.precision = 10,
1072 		.flags = LEFT,
1073 	};
1074 
1075 	/* 32-bit res (sizeof==4): 10 chars in dec, 10 in hex ("0x" + 8)
1076 	 * 64-bit res (sizeof==8): 20 chars in dec, 18 in hex ("0x" + 16) */
1077 #define RSRC_BUF_SIZE		((2 * sizeof(resource_size_t)) + 4)
1078 #define FLAG_BUF_SIZE		(2 * sizeof(res->flags))
1079 #define DECODED_BUF_SIZE	sizeof("[mem - 64bit pref window disabled]")
1080 #define RAW_BUF_SIZE		sizeof("[mem - flags 0x]")
1081 	char sym[max(2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + DECODED_BUF_SIZE,
1082 		     2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + FLAG_BUF_SIZE + RAW_BUF_SIZE)];
1083 
1084 	char *p = sym, *pend = sym + sizeof(sym);
1085 	int decode = (fmt[0] == 'R') ? 1 : 0;
1086 	const struct printf_spec *specp;
1087 
1088 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, res, spec))
1089 		return buf;
1090 
1091 	*p++ = '[';
1092 	if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IO) {
1093 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "io  ", str_spec);
1094 		specp = &io_spec;
1095 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
1096 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "mem ", str_spec);
1097 		specp = &mem_spec;
1098 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IRQ) {
1099 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "irq ", str_spec);
1100 		specp = &default_dec_spec;
1101 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DMA) {
1102 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "dma ", str_spec);
1103 		specp = &default_dec_spec;
1104 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS) {
1105 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "bus ", str_spec);
1106 		specp = &bus_spec;
1107 	} else {
1108 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "??? ", str_spec);
1109 		specp = &mem_spec;
1110 		decode = 0;
1111 	}
1112 	if (decode && res->flags & IORESOURCE_UNSET) {
1113 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "size ", str_spec);
1114 		p = number(p, pend, resource_size(res), *specp);
1115 	} else {
1116 		p = number(p, pend, res->start, *specp);
1117 		if (res->start != res->end) {
1118 			*p++ = '-';
1119 			p = number(p, pend, res->end, *specp);
1120 		}
1121 	}
1122 	if (decode) {
1123 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM_64)
1124 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " 64bit", str_spec);
1125 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
1126 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " pref", str_spec);
1127 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_WINDOW)
1128 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " window", str_spec);
1129 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)
1130 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " disabled", str_spec);
1131 	} else {
1132 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " flags ", str_spec);
1133 		p = number(p, pend, res->flags, default_flag_spec);
1134 	}
1135 	*p++ = ']';
1136 	*p = '\0';
1137 
1138 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1139 }
1140 
1141 static noinline_for_stack
1142 char *hex_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1143 		 const char *fmt)
1144 {
1145 	int i, len = 1;		/* if we pass '%ph[CDN]', field width remains
1146 				   negative value, fallback to the default */
1147 	char separator;
1148 
1149 	if (spec.field_width == 0)
1150 		/* nothing to print */
1151 		return buf;
1152 
1153 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1154 		return buf;
1155 
1156 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1157 	case 'C':
1158 		separator = ':';
1159 		break;
1160 	case 'D':
1161 		separator = '-';
1162 		break;
1163 	case 'N':
1164 		separator = 0;
1165 		break;
1166 	default:
1167 		separator = ' ';
1168 		break;
1169 	}
1170 
1171 	if (spec.field_width > 0)
1172 		len = min_t(int, spec.field_width, 64);
1173 
1174 	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
1175 		if (buf < end)
1176 			*buf = hex_asc_hi(addr[i]);
1177 		++buf;
1178 		if (buf < end)
1179 			*buf = hex_asc_lo(addr[i]);
1180 		++buf;
1181 
1182 		if (separator && i != len - 1) {
1183 			if (buf < end)
1184 				*buf = separator;
1185 			++buf;
1186 		}
1187 	}
1188 
1189 	return buf;
1190 }
1191 
1192 static noinline_for_stack
1193 char *bitmap_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1194 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1195 {
1196 	const int CHUNKSZ = 32;
1197 	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1198 	int i, chunksz;
1199 	bool first = true;
1200 
1201 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1202 		return buf;
1203 
1204 	/* reused to print numbers */
1205 	spec = (struct printf_spec){ .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD, .base = 16 };
1206 
1207 	chunksz = nr_bits & (CHUNKSZ - 1);
1208 	if (chunksz == 0)
1209 		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
1210 
1211 	i = ALIGN(nr_bits, CHUNKSZ) - CHUNKSZ;
1212 	for (; i >= 0; i -= CHUNKSZ) {
1213 		u32 chunkmask, val;
1214 		int word, bit;
1215 
1216 		chunkmask = ((1ULL << chunksz) - 1);
1217 		word = i / BITS_PER_LONG;
1218 		bit = i % BITS_PER_LONG;
1219 		val = (bitmap[word] >> bit) & chunkmask;
1220 
1221 		if (!first) {
1222 			if (buf < end)
1223 				*buf = ',';
1224 			buf++;
1225 		}
1226 		first = false;
1227 
1228 		spec.field_width = DIV_ROUND_UP(chunksz, 4);
1229 		buf = number(buf, end, val, spec);
1230 
1231 		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
1232 	}
1233 	return buf;
1234 }
1235 
1236 static noinline_for_stack
1237 char *bitmap_list_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1238 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1239 {
1240 	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1241 	bool first = true;
1242 	int rbot, rtop;
1243 
1244 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1245 		return buf;
1246 
1247 	for_each_set_bitrange(rbot, rtop, bitmap, nr_bits) {
1248 		if (!first) {
1249 			if (buf < end)
1250 				*buf = ',';
1251 			buf++;
1252 		}
1253 		first = false;
1254 
1255 		buf = number(buf, end, rbot, default_dec_spec);
1256 		if (rtop == rbot + 1)
1257 			continue;
1258 
1259 		if (buf < end)
1260 			*buf = '-';
1261 		buf = number(++buf, end, rtop - 1, default_dec_spec);
1262 	}
1263 	return buf;
1264 }
1265 
1266 static noinline_for_stack
1267 char *mac_address_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr,
1268 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1269 {
1270 	char mac_addr[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
1271 	char *p = mac_addr;
1272 	int i;
1273 	char separator;
1274 	bool reversed = false;
1275 
1276 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1277 		return buf;
1278 
1279 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1280 	case 'F':
1281 		separator = '-';
1282 		break;
1283 
1284 	case 'R':
1285 		reversed = true;
1286 		fallthrough;
1287 
1288 	default:
1289 		separator = ':';
1290 		break;
1291 	}
1292 
1293 	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
1294 		if (reversed)
1295 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[5 - i]);
1296 		else
1297 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[i]);
1298 
1299 		if (fmt[0] == 'M' && i != 5)
1300 			*p++ = separator;
1301 	}
1302 	*p = '\0';
1303 
1304 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, mac_addr, spec);
1305 }
1306 
1307 static noinline_for_stack
1308 char *ip4_string(char *p, const u8 *addr, const char *fmt)
1309 {
1310 	int i;
1311 	bool leading_zeros = (fmt[0] == 'i');
1312 	int index;
1313 	int step;
1314 
1315 	switch (fmt[2]) {
1316 	case 'h':
1317 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
1318 		index = 0;
1319 		step = 1;
1320 #else
1321 		index = 3;
1322 		step = -1;
1323 #endif
1324 		break;
1325 	case 'l':
1326 		index = 3;
1327 		step = -1;
1328 		break;
1329 	case 'n':
1330 	case 'b':
1331 	default:
1332 		index = 0;
1333 		step = 1;
1334 		break;
1335 	}
1336 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1337 		char temp[4] __aligned(2);	/* hold each IP quad in reverse order */
1338 		int digits = put_dec_trunc8(temp, addr[index]) - temp;
1339 		if (leading_zeros) {
1340 			if (digits < 3)
1341 				*p++ = '0';
1342 			if (digits < 2)
1343 				*p++ = '0';
1344 		}
1345 		/* reverse the digits in the quad */
1346 		while (digits--)
1347 			*p++ = temp[digits];
1348 		if (i < 3)
1349 			*p++ = '.';
1350 		index += step;
1351 	}
1352 	*p = '\0';
1353 
1354 	return p;
1355 }
1356 
1357 static noinline_for_stack
1358 char *ip6_compressed_string(char *p, const char *addr)
1359 {
1360 	int i, j, range;
1361 	unsigned char zerolength[8];
1362 	int longest = 1;
1363 	int colonpos = -1;
1364 	u16 word;
1365 	u8 hi, lo;
1366 	bool needcolon = false;
1367 	bool useIPv4;
1368 	struct in6_addr in6;
1369 
1370 	memcpy(&in6, addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
1371 
1372 	useIPv4 = ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&in6) || ipv6_addr_is_isatap(&in6);
1373 
1374 	memset(zerolength, 0, sizeof(zerolength));
1375 
1376 	if (useIPv4)
1377 		range = 6;
1378 	else
1379 		range = 8;
1380 
1381 	/* find position of longest 0 run */
1382 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1383 		for (j = i; j < range; j++) {
1384 			if (in6.s6_addr16[j] != 0)
1385 				break;
1386 			zerolength[i]++;
1387 		}
1388 	}
1389 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1390 		if (zerolength[i] > longest) {
1391 			longest = zerolength[i];
1392 			colonpos = i;
1393 		}
1394 	}
1395 	if (longest == 1)		/* don't compress a single 0 */
1396 		colonpos = -1;
1397 
1398 	/* emit address */
1399 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1400 		if (i == colonpos) {
1401 			if (needcolon || i == 0)
1402 				*p++ = ':';
1403 			*p++ = ':';
1404 			needcolon = false;
1405 			i += longest - 1;
1406 			continue;
1407 		}
1408 		if (needcolon) {
1409 			*p++ = ':';
1410 			needcolon = false;
1411 		}
1412 		/* hex u16 without leading 0s */
1413 		word = ntohs(in6.s6_addr16[i]);
1414 		hi = word >> 8;
1415 		lo = word & 0xff;
1416 		if (hi) {
1417 			if (hi > 0x0f)
1418 				p = hex_byte_pack(p, hi);
1419 			else
1420 				*p++ = hex_asc_lo(hi);
1421 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1422 		}
1423 		else if (lo > 0x0f)
1424 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1425 		else
1426 			*p++ = hex_asc_lo(lo);
1427 		needcolon = true;
1428 	}
1429 
1430 	if (useIPv4) {
1431 		if (needcolon)
1432 			*p++ = ':';
1433 		p = ip4_string(p, &in6.s6_addr[12], "I4");
1434 	}
1435 	*p = '\0';
1436 
1437 	return p;
1438 }
1439 
1440 static noinline_for_stack
1441 char *ip6_string(char *p, const char *addr, const char *fmt)
1442 {
1443 	int i;
1444 
1445 	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1446 		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1447 		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1448 		if (fmt[0] == 'I' && i != 7)
1449 			*p++ = ':';
1450 	}
1451 	*p = '\0';
1452 
1453 	return p;
1454 }
1455 
1456 static noinline_for_stack
1457 char *ip6_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1458 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1459 {
1460 	char ip6_addr[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255")];
1461 
1462 	if (fmt[0] == 'I' && fmt[2] == 'c')
1463 		ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr, addr);
1464 	else
1465 		ip6_string(ip6_addr, addr, fmt);
1466 
1467 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1468 }
1469 
1470 static noinline_for_stack
1471 char *ip4_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1472 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1473 {
1474 	char ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
1475 
1476 	ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt);
1477 
1478 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1479 }
1480 
1481 static noinline_for_stack
1482 char *ip6_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa,
1483 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1484 {
1485 	bool have_p = false, have_s = false, have_f = false, have_c = false;
1486 	char ip6_addr[sizeof("[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255]") +
1487 		      sizeof(":12345") + sizeof("/123456789") +
1488 		      sizeof("%1234567890")];
1489 	char *p = ip6_addr, *pend = ip6_addr + sizeof(ip6_addr);
1490 	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin6_addr;
1491 	char fmt6[2] = { fmt[0], '6' };
1492 	u8 off = 0;
1493 
1494 	fmt++;
1495 	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1496 		switch (*fmt) {
1497 		case 'p':
1498 			have_p = true;
1499 			break;
1500 		case 'f':
1501 			have_f = true;
1502 			break;
1503 		case 's':
1504 			have_s = true;
1505 			break;
1506 		case 'c':
1507 			have_c = true;
1508 			break;
1509 		}
1510 	}
1511 
1512 	if (have_p || have_s || have_f) {
1513 		*p = '[';
1514 		off = 1;
1515 	}
1516 
1517 	if (fmt6[0] == 'I' && have_c)
1518 		p = ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr + off, addr);
1519 	else
1520 		p = ip6_string(ip6_addr + off, addr, fmt6);
1521 
1522 	if (have_p || have_s || have_f)
1523 		*p++ = ']';
1524 
1525 	if (have_p) {
1526 		*p++ = ':';
1527 		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin6_port), spec);
1528 	}
1529 	if (have_f) {
1530 		*p++ = '/';
1531 		p = number(p, pend, ntohl(sa->sin6_flowinfo &
1532 					  IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK), spec);
1533 	}
1534 	if (have_s) {
1535 		*p++ = '%';
1536 		p = number(p, pend, sa->sin6_scope_id, spec);
1537 	}
1538 	*p = '\0';
1539 
1540 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1541 }
1542 
1543 static noinline_for_stack
1544 char *ip4_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in *sa,
1545 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1546 {
1547 	bool have_p = false;
1548 	char *p, ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255") + sizeof(":12345")];
1549 	char *pend = ip4_addr + sizeof(ip4_addr);
1550 	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin_addr.s_addr;
1551 	char fmt4[3] = { fmt[0], '4', 0 };
1552 
1553 	fmt++;
1554 	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1555 		switch (*fmt) {
1556 		case 'p':
1557 			have_p = true;
1558 			break;
1559 		case 'h':
1560 		case 'l':
1561 		case 'n':
1562 		case 'b':
1563 			fmt4[2] = *fmt;
1564 			break;
1565 		}
1566 	}
1567 
1568 	p = ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt4);
1569 	if (have_p) {
1570 		*p++ = ':';
1571 		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin_port), spec);
1572 	}
1573 	*p = '\0';
1574 
1575 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1576 }
1577 
1578 static noinline_for_stack
1579 char *ip_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
1580 		     struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1581 {
1582 	char *err_fmt_msg;
1583 
1584 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, ptr, spec))
1585 		return buf;
1586 
1587 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1588 	case '6':
1589 		return ip6_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1590 	case '4':
1591 		return ip4_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1592 	case 'S': {
1593 		const union {
1594 			struct sockaddr		raw;
1595 			struct sockaddr_in	v4;
1596 			struct sockaddr_in6	v6;
1597 		} *sa = ptr;
1598 
1599 		switch (sa->raw.sa_family) {
1600 		case AF_INET:
1601 			return ip4_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v4, spec, fmt);
1602 		case AF_INET6:
1603 			return ip6_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v6, spec, fmt);
1604 		default:
1605 			return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
1606 		}}
1607 	}
1608 
1609 	err_fmt_msg = fmt[0] == 'i' ? "(%pi?)" : "(%pI?)";
1610 	return error_string(buf, end, err_fmt_msg, spec);
1611 }
1612 
1613 static noinline_for_stack
1614 char *escaped_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1615 		     const char *fmt)
1616 {
1617 	bool found = true;
1618 	int count = 1;
1619 	unsigned int flags = 0;
1620 	int len;
1621 
1622 	if (spec.field_width == 0)
1623 		return buf;				/* nothing to print */
1624 
1625 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1626 		return buf;
1627 
1628 	do {
1629 		switch (fmt[count++]) {
1630 		case 'a':
1631 			flags |= ESCAPE_ANY;
1632 			break;
1633 		case 'c':
1634 			flags |= ESCAPE_SPECIAL;
1635 			break;
1636 		case 'h':
1637 			flags |= ESCAPE_HEX;
1638 			break;
1639 		case 'n':
1640 			flags |= ESCAPE_NULL;
1641 			break;
1642 		case 'o':
1643 			flags |= ESCAPE_OCTAL;
1644 			break;
1645 		case 'p':
1646 			flags |= ESCAPE_NP;
1647 			break;
1648 		case 's':
1649 			flags |= ESCAPE_SPACE;
1650 			break;
1651 		default:
1652 			found = false;
1653 			break;
1654 		}
1655 	} while (found);
1656 
1657 	if (!flags)
1658 		flags = ESCAPE_ANY_NP;
1659 
1660 	len = spec.field_width < 0 ? 1 : spec.field_width;
1661 
1662 	/*
1663 	 * string_escape_mem() writes as many characters as it can to
1664 	 * the given buffer, and returns the total size of the output
1665 	 * had the buffer been big enough.
1666 	 */
1667 	buf += string_escape_mem(addr, len, buf, buf < end ? end - buf : 0, flags, NULL);
1668 
1669 	return buf;
1670 }
1671 
1672 static char *va_format(char *buf, char *end, struct va_format *va_fmt,
1673 		       struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1674 {
1675 	va_list va;
1676 
1677 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, va_fmt, spec))
1678 		return buf;
1679 
1680 	va_copy(va, *va_fmt->va);
1681 	buf += vsnprintf(buf, end > buf ? end - buf : 0, va_fmt->fmt, va);
1682 	va_end(va);
1683 
1684 	return buf;
1685 }
1686 
1687 static noinline_for_stack
1688 char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1689 		  struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1690 {
1691 	char uuid[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1];
1692 	char *p = uuid;
1693 	int i;
1694 	const u8 *index = uuid_index;
1695 	bool uc = false;
1696 
1697 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1698 		return buf;
1699 
1700 	switch (*(++fmt)) {
1701 	case 'L':
1702 		uc = true;
1703 		fallthrough;
1704 	case 'l':
1705 		index = guid_index;
1706 		break;
1707 	case 'B':
1708 		uc = true;
1709 		break;
1710 	}
1711 
1712 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
1713 		if (uc)
1714 			p = hex_byte_pack_upper(p, addr[index[i]]);
1715 		else
1716 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[index[i]]);
1717 		switch (i) {
1718 		case 3:
1719 		case 5:
1720 		case 7:
1721 		case 9:
1722 			*p++ = '-';
1723 			break;
1724 		}
1725 	}
1726 
1727 	*p = 0;
1728 
1729 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, uuid, spec);
1730 }
1731 
1732 static noinline_for_stack
1733 char *netdev_bits(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1734 		  struct printf_spec spec,  const char *fmt)
1735 {
1736 	unsigned long long num;
1737 	int size;
1738 
1739 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1740 		return buf;
1741 
1742 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1743 	case 'F':
1744 		num = *(const netdev_features_t *)addr;
1745 		size = sizeof(netdev_features_t);
1746 		break;
1747 	default:
1748 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pN?)", spec);
1749 	}
1750 
1751 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1752 }
1753 
1754 static noinline_for_stack
1755 char *fourcc_string(char *buf, char *end, const u32 *fourcc,
1756 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1757 {
1758 	char output[sizeof("0123 little-endian (0x01234567)")];
1759 	char *p = output;
1760 	unsigned int i;
1761 	u32 orig, val;
1762 
1763 	if (fmt[1] != 'c' || fmt[2] != 'c')
1764 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%p4?)", spec);
1765 
1766 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, fourcc, spec))
1767 		return buf;
1768 
1769 	orig = get_unaligned(fourcc);
1770 	val = orig & ~BIT(31);
1771 
1772 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u32); i++) {
1773 		unsigned char c = val >> (i * 8);
1774 
1775 		/* Print non-control ASCII characters as-is, dot otherwise */
1776 		*p++ = isascii(c) && isprint(c) ? c : '.';
1777 	}
1778 
1779 	*p++ = ' ';
1780 	strcpy(p, orig & BIT(31) ? "big-endian" : "little-endian");
1781 	p += strlen(p);
1782 
1783 	*p++ = ' ';
1784 	*p++ = '(';
1785 	p = special_hex_number(p, output + sizeof(output) - 2, orig, sizeof(u32));
1786 	*p++ = ')';
1787 	*p = '\0';
1788 
1789 	return string(buf, end, output, spec);
1790 }
1791 
1792 static noinline_for_stack
1793 char *address_val(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1794 		  struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1795 {
1796 	unsigned long long num;
1797 	int size;
1798 
1799 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1800 		return buf;
1801 
1802 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1803 	case 'd':
1804 		num = *(const dma_addr_t *)addr;
1805 		size = sizeof(dma_addr_t);
1806 		break;
1807 	case 'p':
1808 	default:
1809 		num = *(const phys_addr_t *)addr;
1810 		size = sizeof(phys_addr_t);
1811 		break;
1812 	}
1813 
1814 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1815 }
1816 
1817 static noinline_for_stack
1818 char *date_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1819 {
1820 	int year = tm->tm_year + (r ? 0 : 1900);
1821 	int mon = tm->tm_mon + (r ? 0 : 1);
1822 
1823 	buf = number(buf, end, year, default_dec04_spec);
1824 	if (buf < end)
1825 		*buf = '-';
1826 	buf++;
1827 
1828 	buf = number(buf, end, mon, default_dec02_spec);
1829 	if (buf < end)
1830 		*buf = '-';
1831 	buf++;
1832 
1833 	return number(buf, end, tm->tm_mday, default_dec02_spec);
1834 }
1835 
1836 static noinline_for_stack
1837 char *time_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1838 {
1839 	buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_hour, default_dec02_spec);
1840 	if (buf < end)
1841 		*buf = ':';
1842 	buf++;
1843 
1844 	buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_min, default_dec02_spec);
1845 	if (buf < end)
1846 		*buf = ':';
1847 	buf++;
1848 
1849 	return number(buf, end, tm->tm_sec, default_dec02_spec);
1850 }
1851 
1852 static noinline_for_stack
1853 char *rtc_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm,
1854 	      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1855 {
1856 	bool have_t = true, have_d = true;
1857 	bool raw = false, iso8601_separator = true;
1858 	bool found = true;
1859 	int count = 2;
1860 
1861 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, tm, spec))
1862 		return buf;
1863 
1864 	switch (fmt[count]) {
1865 	case 'd':
1866 		have_t = false;
1867 		count++;
1868 		break;
1869 	case 't':
1870 		have_d = false;
1871 		count++;
1872 		break;
1873 	}
1874 
1875 	do {
1876 		switch (fmt[count++]) {
1877 		case 'r':
1878 			raw = true;
1879 			break;
1880 		case 's':
1881 			iso8601_separator = false;
1882 			break;
1883 		default:
1884 			found = false;
1885 			break;
1886 		}
1887 	} while (found);
1888 
1889 	if (have_d)
1890 		buf = date_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1891 	if (have_d && have_t) {
1892 		if (buf < end)
1893 			*buf = iso8601_separator ? 'T' : ' ';
1894 		buf++;
1895 	}
1896 	if (have_t)
1897 		buf = time_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1898 
1899 	return buf;
1900 }
1901 
1902 static noinline_for_stack
1903 char *time64_str(char *buf, char *end, const time64_t time,
1904 		 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1905 {
1906 	struct rtc_time rtc_time;
1907 	struct tm tm;
1908 
1909 	time64_to_tm(time, 0, &tm);
1910 
1911 	rtc_time.tm_sec = tm.tm_sec;
1912 	rtc_time.tm_min = tm.tm_min;
1913 	rtc_time.tm_hour = tm.tm_hour;
1914 	rtc_time.tm_mday = tm.tm_mday;
1915 	rtc_time.tm_mon = tm.tm_mon;
1916 	rtc_time.tm_year = tm.tm_year;
1917 	rtc_time.tm_wday = tm.tm_wday;
1918 	rtc_time.tm_yday = tm.tm_yday;
1919 
1920 	rtc_time.tm_isdst = 0;
1921 
1922 	return rtc_str(buf, end, &rtc_time, spec, fmt);
1923 }
1924 
1925 static noinline_for_stack
1926 char *time_and_date(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr, struct printf_spec spec,
1927 		    const char *fmt)
1928 {
1929 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1930 	case 'R':
1931 		return rtc_str(buf, end, (const struct rtc_time *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1932 	case 'T':
1933 		return time64_str(buf, end, *(const time64_t *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1934 	default:
1935 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pt?)", spec);
1936 	}
1937 }
1938 
1939 static noinline_for_stack
1940 char *clock(char *buf, char *end, struct clk *clk, struct printf_spec spec,
1941 	    const char *fmt)
1942 {
1943 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_CLK))
1944 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pC?)", spec);
1945 
1946 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, clk, spec))
1947 		return buf;
1948 
1949 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1950 	case 'n':
1951 	default:
1952 #ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
1953 		return string(buf, end, __clk_get_name(clk), spec);
1954 #else
1955 		return ptr_to_id(buf, end, clk, spec);
1956 #endif
1957 	}
1958 }
1959 
1960 static
1961 char *format_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags,
1962 					const struct trace_print_flags *names)
1963 {
1964 	unsigned long mask;
1965 
1966 	for ( ; flags && names->name; names++) {
1967 		mask = names->mask;
1968 		if ((flags & mask) != mask)
1969 			continue;
1970 
1971 		buf = string(buf, end, names->name, default_str_spec);
1972 
1973 		flags &= ~mask;
1974 		if (flags) {
1975 			if (buf < end)
1976 				*buf = '|';
1977 			buf++;
1978 		}
1979 	}
1980 
1981 	if (flags)
1982 		buf = number(buf, end, flags, default_flag_spec);
1983 
1984 	return buf;
1985 }
1986 
1987 struct page_flags_fields {
1988 	int width;
1989 	int shift;
1990 	int mask;
1991 	const struct printf_spec *spec;
1992 	const char *name;
1993 };
1994 
1995 static const struct page_flags_fields pff[] = {
1996 	{SECTIONS_WIDTH, SECTIONS_PGSHIFT, SECTIONS_MASK,
1997 	 &default_dec_spec, "section"},
1998 	{NODES_WIDTH, NODES_PGSHIFT, NODES_MASK,
1999 	 &default_dec_spec, "node"},
2000 	{ZONES_WIDTH, ZONES_PGSHIFT, ZONES_MASK,
2001 	 &default_dec_spec, "zone"},
2002 	{LAST_CPUPID_WIDTH, LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT, LAST_CPUPID_MASK,
2003 	 &default_flag_spec, "lastcpupid"},
2004 	{KASAN_TAG_WIDTH, KASAN_TAG_PGSHIFT, KASAN_TAG_MASK,
2005 	 &default_flag_spec, "kasantag"},
2006 };
2007 
2008 static
2009 char *format_page_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags)
2010 {
2011 	unsigned long main_flags = flags & PAGEFLAGS_MASK;
2012 	bool append = false;
2013 	int i;
2014 
2015 	buf = number(buf, end, flags, default_flag_spec);
2016 	if (buf < end)
2017 		*buf = '(';
2018 	buf++;
2019 
2020 	/* Page flags from the main area. */
2021 	if (main_flags) {
2022 		buf = format_flags(buf, end, main_flags, pageflag_names);
2023 		append = true;
2024 	}
2025 
2026 	/* Page flags from the fields area */
2027 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pff); i++) {
2028 		/* Skip undefined fields. */
2029 		if (!pff[i].width)
2030 			continue;
2031 
2032 		/* Format: Flag Name + '=' (equals sign) + Number + '|' (separator) */
2033 		if (append) {
2034 			if (buf < end)
2035 				*buf = '|';
2036 			buf++;
2037 		}
2038 
2039 		buf = string(buf, end, pff[i].name, default_str_spec);
2040 		if (buf < end)
2041 			*buf = '=';
2042 		buf++;
2043 		buf = number(buf, end, (flags >> pff[i].shift) & pff[i].mask,
2044 			     *pff[i].spec);
2045 
2046 		append = true;
2047 	}
2048 	if (buf < end)
2049 		*buf = ')';
2050 	buf++;
2051 
2052 	return buf;
2053 }
2054 
2055 static noinline_for_stack
2056 char *flags_string(char *buf, char *end, void *flags_ptr,
2057 		   struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2058 {
2059 	unsigned long flags;
2060 	const struct trace_print_flags *names;
2061 
2062 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, flags_ptr, spec))
2063 		return buf;
2064 
2065 	switch (fmt[1]) {
2066 	case 'p':
2067 		return format_page_flags(buf, end, *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr);
2068 	case 'v':
2069 		flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
2070 		names = vmaflag_names;
2071 		break;
2072 	case 'g':
2073 		flags = (__force unsigned long)(*(gfp_t *)flags_ptr);
2074 		names = gfpflag_names;
2075 		break;
2076 	default:
2077 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pG?)", spec);
2078 	}
2079 
2080 	return format_flags(buf, end, flags, names);
2081 }
2082 
2083 static noinline_for_stack
2084 char *fwnode_full_name_string(struct fwnode_handle *fwnode, char *buf,
2085 			      char *end)
2086 {
2087 	int depth;
2088 
2089 	/* Loop starting from the root node to the current node. */
2090 	for (depth = fwnode_count_parents(fwnode); depth >= 0; depth--) {
2091 		struct fwnode_handle *__fwnode =
2092 			fwnode_get_nth_parent(fwnode, depth);
2093 
2094 		buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name_prefix(__fwnode),
2095 			     default_str_spec);
2096 		buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name(__fwnode),
2097 			     default_str_spec);
2098 
2099 		fwnode_handle_put(__fwnode);
2100 	}
2101 
2102 	return buf;
2103 }
2104 
2105 static noinline_for_stack
2106 char *device_node_string(char *buf, char *end, struct device_node *dn,
2107 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2108 {
2109 	char tbuf[sizeof("xxxx") + 1];
2110 	const char *p;
2111 	int ret;
2112 	char *buf_start = buf;
2113 	struct property *prop;
2114 	bool has_mult, pass;
2115 
2116 	struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
2117 	str_spec.field_width = -1;
2118 
2119 	if (fmt[0] != 'F')
2120 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pO?)", spec);
2121 
2122 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF))
2123 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pOF?)", spec);
2124 
2125 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, dn, spec))
2126 		return buf;
2127 
2128 	/* simple case without anything any more format specifiers */
2129 	fmt++;
2130 	if (fmt[0] == '\0' || strcspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC") > 0)
2131 		fmt = "f";
2132 
2133 	for (pass = false; strspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC"); fmt++, pass = true) {
2134 		int precision;
2135 		if (pass) {
2136 			if (buf < end)
2137 				*buf = ':';
2138 			buf++;
2139 		}
2140 
2141 		switch (*fmt) {
2142 		case 'f':	/* full_name */
2143 			buf = fwnode_full_name_string(of_fwnode_handle(dn), buf,
2144 						      end);
2145 			break;
2146 		case 'n':	/* name */
2147 			p = fwnode_get_name(of_fwnode_handle(dn));
2148 			precision = str_spec.precision;
2149 			str_spec.precision = strchrnul(p, '@') - p;
2150 			buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2151 			str_spec.precision = precision;
2152 			break;
2153 		case 'p':	/* phandle */
2154 			buf = number(buf, end, (unsigned int)dn->phandle, default_dec_spec);
2155 			break;
2156 		case 'P':	/* path-spec */
2157 			p = fwnode_get_name(of_fwnode_handle(dn));
2158 			if (!p[1])
2159 				p = "/";
2160 			buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2161 			break;
2162 		case 'F':	/* flags */
2163 			tbuf[0] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DYNAMIC) ? 'D' : '-';
2164 			tbuf[1] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DETACHED) ? 'd' : '-';
2165 			tbuf[2] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED) ? 'P' : '-';
2166 			tbuf[3] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED_BUS) ? 'B' : '-';
2167 			tbuf[4] = 0;
2168 			buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, tbuf, str_spec);
2169 			break;
2170 		case 'c':	/* major compatible string */
2171 			ret = of_property_read_string(dn, "compatible", &p);
2172 			if (!ret)
2173 				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2174 			break;
2175 		case 'C':	/* full compatible string */
2176 			has_mult = false;
2177 			of_property_for_each_string(dn, "compatible", prop, p) {
2178 				if (has_mult)
2179 					buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, ",", str_spec);
2180 				buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2181 				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2182 				buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2183 
2184 				has_mult = true;
2185 			}
2186 			break;
2187 		default:
2188 			break;
2189 		}
2190 	}
2191 
2192 	return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
2193 }
2194 
2195 static noinline_for_stack
2196 char *fwnode_string(char *buf, char *end, struct fwnode_handle *fwnode,
2197 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2198 {
2199 	struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
2200 	char *buf_start = buf;
2201 
2202 	str_spec.field_width = -1;
2203 
2204 	if (*fmt != 'w')
2205 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pf?)", spec);
2206 
2207 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, fwnode, spec))
2208 		return buf;
2209 
2210 	fmt++;
2211 
2212 	switch (*fmt) {
2213 	case 'P':	/* name */
2214 		buf = string(buf, end, fwnode_get_name(fwnode), str_spec);
2215 		break;
2216 	case 'f':	/* full_name */
2217 	default:
2218 		buf = fwnode_full_name_string(fwnode, buf, end);
2219 		break;
2220 	}
2221 
2222 	return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
2223 }
2224 
2225 int __init no_hash_pointers_enable(char *str)
2226 {
2227 	if (no_hash_pointers)
2228 		return 0;
2229 
2230 	no_hash_pointers = true;
2231 
2232 	pr_warn("**********************************************************\n");
2233 	pr_warn("**   NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE   **\n");
2234 	pr_warn("**                                                      **\n");
2235 	pr_warn("** This system shows unhashed kernel memory addresses   **\n");
2236 	pr_warn("** via the console, logs, and other interfaces. This    **\n");
2237 	pr_warn("** might reduce the security of your system.            **\n");
2238 	pr_warn("**                                                      **\n");
2239 	pr_warn("** If you see this message and you are not debugging    **\n");
2240 	pr_warn("** the kernel, report this immediately to your system   **\n");
2241 	pr_warn("** administrator!                                       **\n");
2242 	pr_warn("**                                                      **\n");
2243 	pr_warn("**   NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE   **\n");
2244 	pr_warn("**********************************************************\n");
2245 
2246 	return 0;
2247 }
2248 early_param("no_hash_pointers", no_hash_pointers_enable);
2249 
2250 /*
2251  * Show a '%p' thing.  A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
2252  * by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
2253  * specifiers.
2254  *
2255  * Please update scripts/checkpatch.pl when adding/removing conversion
2256  * characters.  (Search for "check for vsprintf extension").
2257  *
2258  * Right now we handle:
2259  *
2260  * - 'S' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) with offset
2261  * - 's' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) without offset
2262  * - '[Ss]R' as above with __builtin_extract_return_addr() translation
2263  * - 'S[R]b' as above with module build ID (for use in backtraces)
2264  * - '[Ff]' %pf and %pF were obsoleted and later removed in favor of
2265  *	    %ps and %pS. Be careful when re-using these specifiers.
2266  * - 'B' For backtraced symbolic direct pointers with offset
2267  * - 'Bb' as above with module build ID (for use in backtraces)
2268  * - 'R' For decoded struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f 64bit pref]
2269  * - 'r' For raw struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f flags 0x201]
2270  * - 'b[l]' For a bitmap, the number of bits is determined by the field
2271  *       width which must be explicitly specified either as part of the
2272  *       format string '%32b[l]' or through '%*b[l]', [l] selects
2273  *       range-list format instead of hex format
2274  * - 'M' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the address in the
2275  *       usual colon-separated hex notation
2276  * - 'm' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the hex address without colons
2277  * - 'MF' For a 6-byte MAC FDDI address, it prints the address
2278  *       with a dash-separated hex notation
2279  * - '[mM]R' For a 6-byte MAC address, Reverse order (Bluetooth)
2280  * - 'I' [46] for IPv4/IPv6 addresses printed in the usual way
2281  *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal without leading 0's (1.2.3.4)
2282  *       IPv6 uses colon separated network-order 16 bit hex with leading 0's
2283  *       [S][pfs]
2284  *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2285  *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2286  * - 'i' [46] for 'raw' IPv4/IPv6 addresses
2287  *       IPv6 omits the colons (01020304...0f)
2288  *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal with leading 0's (010.123.045.006)
2289  *       [S][pfs]
2290  *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2291  *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2292  * - '[Ii][4S][hnbl]' IPv4 addresses in host, network, big or little endian order
2293  * - 'I[6S]c' for IPv6 addresses printed as specified by
2294  *       https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5952
2295  * - 'E[achnops]' For an escaped buffer, where rules are defined by combination
2296  *                of the following flags (see string_escape_mem() for the
2297  *                details):
2298  *                  a - ESCAPE_ANY
2299  *                  c - ESCAPE_SPECIAL
2300  *                  h - ESCAPE_HEX
2301  *                  n - ESCAPE_NULL
2302  *                  o - ESCAPE_OCTAL
2303  *                  p - ESCAPE_NP
2304  *                  s - ESCAPE_SPACE
2305  *                By default ESCAPE_ANY_NP is used.
2306  * - 'U' For a 16 byte UUID/GUID, it prints the UUID/GUID in the form
2307  *       "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
2308  *       Options for %pU are:
2309  *         b big endian lower case hex (default)
2310  *         B big endian UPPER case hex
2311  *         l little endian lower case hex
2312  *         L little endian UPPER case hex
2313  *           big endian output byte order is:
2314  *             [0][1][2][3]-[4][5]-[6][7]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2315  *           little endian output byte order is:
2316  *             [3][2][1][0]-[5][4]-[7][6]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2317  * - 'V' For a struct va_format which contains a format string * and va_list *,
2318  *       call vsnprintf(->format, *->va_list).
2319  *       Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
2320  *       Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
2321  *       correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
2322  * - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users.
2323  *       Use only for procfs, sysfs and similar files, not printk(); please
2324  *       read the documentation (path below) first.
2325  * - 'NF' For a netdev_features_t
2326  * - '4cc' V4L2 or DRM FourCC code, with endianness and raw numerical value.
2327  * - 'h[CDN]' For a variable-length buffer, it prints it as a hex string with
2328  *            a certain separator (' ' by default):
2329  *              C colon
2330  *              D dash
2331  *              N no separator
2332  *            The maximum supported length is 64 bytes of the input. Consider
2333  *            to use print_hex_dump() for the larger input.
2334  * - 'a[pd]' For address types [p] phys_addr_t, [d] dma_addr_t and derivatives
2335  *           (default assumed to be phys_addr_t, passed by reference)
2336  * - 'd[234]' For a dentry name (optionally 2-4 last components)
2337  * - 'D[234]' Same as 'd' but for a struct file
2338  * - 'g' For block_device name (gendisk + partition number)
2339  * - 't[RT][dt][r][s]' For time and date as represented by:
2340  *      R    struct rtc_time
2341  *      T    time64_t
2342  * - 'C' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2343  *       (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2344  * - 'Cn' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2345  *        (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2346  * - 'G' For flags to be printed as a collection of symbolic strings that would
2347  *       construct the specific value. Supported flags given by option:
2348  *       p page flags (see struct page) given as pointer to unsigned long
2349  *       g gfp flags (GFP_* and __GFP_*) given as pointer to gfp_t
2350  *       v vma flags (VM_*) given as pointer to unsigned long
2351  * - 'OF[fnpPcCF]'  For a device tree object
2352  *                  Without any optional arguments prints the full_name
2353  *                  f device node full_name
2354  *                  n device node name
2355  *                  p device node phandle
2356  *                  P device node path spec (name + @unit)
2357  *                  F device node flags
2358  *                  c major compatible string
2359  *                  C full compatible string
2360  * - 'fw[fP]'	For a firmware node (struct fwnode_handle) pointer
2361  *		Without an option prints the full name of the node
2362  *		f full name
2363  *		P node name, including a possible unit address
2364  * - 'x' For printing the address unmodified. Equivalent to "%lx".
2365  *       Please read the documentation (path below) before using!
2366  * - '[ku]s' For a BPF/tracing related format specifier, e.g. used out of
2367  *           bpf_trace_printk() where [ku] prefix specifies either kernel (k)
2368  *           or user (u) memory to probe, and:
2369  *              s a string, equivalent to "%s" on direct vsnprintf() use
2370  *
2371  * ** When making changes please also update:
2372  *	Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst
2373  *
2374  * Note: The default behaviour (unadorned %p) is to hash the address,
2375  * rendering it useful as a unique identifier.
2376  */
2377 static noinline_for_stack
2378 char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
2379 	      struct printf_spec spec)
2380 {
2381 	switch (*fmt) {
2382 	case 'S':
2383 	case 's':
2384 		ptr = dereference_symbol_descriptor(ptr);
2385 		fallthrough;
2386 	case 'B':
2387 		return symbol_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2388 	case 'R':
2389 	case 'r':
2390 		return resource_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2391 	case 'h':
2392 		return hex_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2393 	case 'b':
2394 		switch (fmt[1]) {
2395 		case 'l':
2396 			return bitmap_list_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2397 		default:
2398 			return bitmap_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2399 		}
2400 	case 'M':			/* Colon separated: 00:01:02:03:04:05 */
2401 	case 'm':			/* Contiguous: 000102030405 */
2402 					/* [mM]F (FDDI) */
2403 					/* [mM]R (Reverse order; Bluetooth) */
2404 		return mac_address_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2405 	case 'I':			/* Formatted IP supported
2406 					 * 4:	1.2.3.4
2407 					 * 6:	0001:0203:...:0708
2408 					 * 6c:	1::708 or 1::1.2.3.4
2409 					 */
2410 	case 'i':			/* Contiguous:
2411 					 * 4:	001.002.003.004
2412 					 * 6:   000102...0f
2413 					 */
2414 		return ip_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2415 	case 'E':
2416 		return escaped_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2417 	case 'U':
2418 		return uuid_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2419 	case 'V':
2420 		return va_format(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2421 	case 'K':
2422 		return restricted_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2423 	case 'N':
2424 		return netdev_bits(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2425 	case '4':
2426 		return fourcc_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2427 	case 'a':
2428 		return address_val(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2429 	case 'd':
2430 		return dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2431 	case 't':
2432 		return time_and_date(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2433 	case 'C':
2434 		return clock(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2435 	case 'D':
2436 		return file_dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2437 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
2438 	case 'g':
2439 		return bdev_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2440 #endif
2441 
2442 	case 'G':
2443 		return flags_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2444 	case 'O':
2445 		return device_node_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2446 	case 'f':
2447 		return fwnode_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2448 	case 'x':
2449 		return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2450 	case 'e':
2451 		/* %pe with a non-ERR_PTR gets treated as plain %p */
2452 		if (!IS_ERR(ptr))
2453 			return default_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2454 		return err_ptr(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2455 	case 'u':
2456 	case 'k':
2457 		switch (fmt[1]) {
2458 		case 's':
2459 			return string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2460 		default:
2461 			return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
2462 		}
2463 	default:
2464 		return default_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2465 	}
2466 }
2467 
2468 /*
2469  * Helper function to decode printf style format.
2470  * Each call decode a token from the format and return the
2471  * number of characters read (or likely the delta where it wants
2472  * to go on the next call).
2473  * The decoded token is returned through the parameters
2474  *
2475  * 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields
2476  * 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.
2477  * 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99
2478  * 'Z' changed to 'z' --adobriyan 2017-01-25
2479  * 't' added for ptrdiff_t
2480  *
2481  * @fmt: the format string
2482  * @type of the token returned
2483  * @flags: various flags such as +, -, # tokens..
2484  * @field_width: overwritten width
2485  * @base: base of the number (octal, hex, ...)
2486  * @precision: precision of a number
2487  * @qualifier: qualifier of a number (long, size_t, ...)
2488  */
2489 static noinline_for_stack
2490 int format_decode(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *spec)
2491 {
2492 	const char *start = fmt;
2493 	char qualifier;
2494 
2495 	/* we finished early by reading the field width */
2496 	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH) {
2497 		if (spec->field_width < 0) {
2498 			spec->field_width = -spec->field_width;
2499 			spec->flags |= LEFT;
2500 		}
2501 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2502 		goto precision;
2503 	}
2504 
2505 	/* we finished early by reading the precision */
2506 	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION) {
2507 		if (spec->precision < 0)
2508 			spec->precision = 0;
2509 
2510 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2511 		goto qualifier;
2512 	}
2513 
2514 	/* By default */
2515 	spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2516 
2517 	for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
2518 		if (*fmt == '%')
2519 			break;
2520 	}
2521 
2522 	/* Return the current non-format string */
2523 	if (fmt != start || !*fmt)
2524 		return fmt - start;
2525 
2526 	/* Process flags */
2527 	spec->flags = 0;
2528 
2529 	while (1) { /* this also skips first '%' */
2530 		bool found = true;
2531 
2532 		++fmt;
2533 
2534 		switch (*fmt) {
2535 		case '-': spec->flags |= LEFT;    break;
2536 		case '+': spec->flags |= PLUS;    break;
2537 		case ' ': spec->flags |= SPACE;   break;
2538 		case '#': spec->flags |= SPECIAL; break;
2539 		case '0': spec->flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
2540 		default:  found = false;
2541 		}
2542 
2543 		if (!found)
2544 			break;
2545 	}
2546 
2547 	/* get field width */
2548 	spec->field_width = -1;
2549 
2550 	if (isdigit(*fmt))
2551 		spec->field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2552 	else if (*fmt == '*') {
2553 		/* it's the next argument */
2554 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH;
2555 		return ++fmt - start;
2556 	}
2557 
2558 precision:
2559 	/* get the precision */
2560 	spec->precision = -1;
2561 	if (*fmt == '.') {
2562 		++fmt;
2563 		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
2564 			spec->precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2565 			if (spec->precision < 0)
2566 				spec->precision = 0;
2567 		} else if (*fmt == '*') {
2568 			/* it's the next argument */
2569 			spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION;
2570 			return ++fmt - start;
2571 		}
2572 	}
2573 
2574 qualifier:
2575 	/* get the conversion qualifier */
2576 	qualifier = 0;
2577 	if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
2578 	    *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
2579 		qualifier = *fmt++;
2580 		if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
2581 			if (qualifier == 'l') {
2582 				qualifier = 'L';
2583 				++fmt;
2584 			} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2585 				qualifier = 'H';
2586 				++fmt;
2587 			}
2588 		}
2589 	}
2590 
2591 	/* default base */
2592 	spec->base = 10;
2593 	switch (*fmt) {
2594 	case 'c':
2595 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR;
2596 		return ++fmt - start;
2597 
2598 	case 's':
2599 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_STR;
2600 		return ++fmt - start;
2601 
2602 	case 'p':
2603 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
2604 		return ++fmt - start;
2605 
2606 	case '%':
2607 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR;
2608 		return ++fmt - start;
2609 
2610 	/* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
2611 	case 'o':
2612 		spec->base = 8;
2613 		break;
2614 
2615 	case 'x':
2616 		spec->flags |= SMALL;
2617 		fallthrough;
2618 
2619 	case 'X':
2620 		spec->base = 16;
2621 		break;
2622 
2623 	case 'd':
2624 	case 'i':
2625 		spec->flags |= SIGN;
2626 		break;
2627 	case 'u':
2628 		break;
2629 
2630 	case 'n':
2631 		/*
2632 		 * Since %n poses a greater security risk than
2633 		 * utility, treat it as any other invalid or
2634 		 * unsupported format specifier.
2635 		 */
2636 		fallthrough;
2637 
2638 	default:
2639 		WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove unsupported %%%c in format string\n", *fmt);
2640 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID;
2641 		return fmt - start;
2642 	}
2643 
2644 	if (qualifier == 'L')
2645 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG;
2646 	else if (qualifier == 'l') {
2647 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_LONG);
2648 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2649 	} else if (qualifier == 'z') {
2650 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T;
2651 	} else if (qualifier == 't') {
2652 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF;
2653 	} else if (qualifier == 'H') {
2654 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE);
2655 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2656 	} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2657 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT);
2658 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2659 	} else {
2660 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_INT);
2661 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2662 	}
2663 
2664 	return ++fmt - start;
2665 }
2666 
2667 static void
2668 set_field_width(struct printf_spec *spec, int width)
2669 {
2670 	spec->field_width = width;
2671 	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->field_width != width, "field width %d too large", width)) {
2672 		spec->field_width = clamp(width, -FIELD_WIDTH_MAX, FIELD_WIDTH_MAX);
2673 	}
2674 }
2675 
2676 static void
2677 set_precision(struct printf_spec *spec, int prec)
2678 {
2679 	spec->precision = prec;
2680 	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->precision != prec, "precision %d too large", prec)) {
2681 		spec->precision = clamp(prec, 0, PRECISION_MAX);
2682 	}
2683 }
2684 
2685 /**
2686  * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2687  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2688  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2689  * @fmt: The format string to use
2690  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2691  *
2692  * This function generally follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some
2693  * extensions and a few limitations:
2694  *
2695  *  - ``%n`` is unsupported
2696  *  - ``%p*`` is handled by pointer()
2697  *
2698  * See pointer() or Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst for more
2699  * extensive description.
2700  *
2701  * **Please update the documentation in both places when making changes**
2702  *
2703  * The return value is the number of characters which would
2704  * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
2705  * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
2706  * number of characters written into @buf as return value
2707  * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
2708  * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
2709  * string is truncated.
2710  *
2711  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using snprintf().
2712  */
2713 int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2714 {
2715 	unsigned long long num;
2716 	char *str, *end;
2717 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2718 
2719 	/* Reject out-of-range values early.  Large positive sizes are
2720 	   used for unknown buffer sizes. */
2721 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
2722 		return 0;
2723 
2724 	str = buf;
2725 	end = buf + size;
2726 
2727 	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
2728 	if (end < buf) {
2729 		end = ((void *)-1);
2730 		size = end - buf;
2731 	}
2732 
2733 	while (*fmt) {
2734 		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
2735 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2736 
2737 		fmt += read;
2738 
2739 		switch (spec.type) {
2740 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
2741 			int copy = read;
2742 			if (str < end) {
2743 				if (copy > end - str)
2744 					copy = end - str;
2745 				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
2746 			}
2747 			str += read;
2748 			break;
2749 		}
2750 
2751 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2752 			set_field_width(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2753 			break;
2754 
2755 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2756 			set_precision(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2757 			break;
2758 
2759 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
2760 			char c;
2761 
2762 			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
2763 				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2764 					if (str < end)
2765 						*str = ' ';
2766 					++str;
2767 
2768 				}
2769 			}
2770 			c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2771 			if (str < end)
2772 				*str = c;
2773 			++str;
2774 			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2775 				if (str < end)
2776 					*str = ' ';
2777 				++str;
2778 			}
2779 			break;
2780 		}
2781 
2782 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR:
2783 			str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), spec);
2784 			break;
2785 
2786 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
2787 			str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
2788 				      spec);
2789 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
2790 				fmt++;
2791 			break;
2792 
2793 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
2794 			if (str < end)
2795 				*str = '%';
2796 			++str;
2797 			break;
2798 
2799 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
2800 			/*
2801 			 * Presumably the arguments passed gcc's type
2802 			 * checking, but there is no safe or sane way
2803 			 * for us to continue parsing the format and
2804 			 * fetching from the va_list; the remaining
2805 			 * specifiers and arguments would be out of
2806 			 * sync.
2807 			 */
2808 			goto out;
2809 
2810 		default:
2811 			switch (spec.type) {
2812 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
2813 				num = va_arg(args, long long);
2814 				break;
2815 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
2816 				num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
2817 				break;
2818 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
2819 				num = va_arg(args, long);
2820 				break;
2821 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
2822 				if (spec.flags & SIGN)
2823 					num = va_arg(args, ssize_t);
2824 				else
2825 					num = va_arg(args, size_t);
2826 				break;
2827 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
2828 				num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
2829 				break;
2830 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
2831 				num = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2832 				break;
2833 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
2834 				num = (signed char) va_arg(args, int);
2835 				break;
2836 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
2837 				num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
2838 				break;
2839 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
2840 				num = (short) va_arg(args, int);
2841 				break;
2842 			case FORMAT_TYPE_INT:
2843 				num = (int) va_arg(args, int);
2844 				break;
2845 			default:
2846 				num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
2847 			}
2848 
2849 			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
2850 		}
2851 	}
2852 
2853 out:
2854 	if (size > 0) {
2855 		if (str < end)
2856 			*str = '\0';
2857 		else
2858 			end[-1] = '\0';
2859 	}
2860 
2861 	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
2862 	return str-buf;
2863 
2864 }
2865 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);
2866 
2867 /**
2868  * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2869  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2870  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2871  * @fmt: The format string to use
2872  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2873  *
2874  * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
2875  * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function
2876  * returns 0.
2877  *
2878  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using scnprintf().
2879  *
2880  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2881  */
2882 int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2883 {
2884 	int i;
2885 
2886 	if (unlikely(!size))
2887 		return 0;
2888 
2889 	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2890 
2891 	if (likely(i < size))
2892 		return i;
2893 
2894 	return size - 1;
2895 }
2896 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);
2897 
2898 /**
2899  * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2900  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2901  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2902  * @fmt: The format string to use
2903  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2904  *
2905  * The return value is the number of characters which would be
2906  * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
2907  * as per ISO C99.  If the return is greater than or equal to
2908  * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
2909  *
2910  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2911  */
2912 int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2913 {
2914 	va_list args;
2915 	int i;
2916 
2917 	va_start(args, fmt);
2918 	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2919 	va_end(args);
2920 
2921 	return i;
2922 }
2923 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);
2924 
2925 /**
2926  * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2927  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2928  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2929  * @fmt: The format string to use
2930  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2931  *
2932  * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
2933  * the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function returns 0.
2934  */
2935 
2936 int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2937 {
2938 	va_list args;
2939 	int i;
2940 
2941 	va_start(args, fmt);
2942 	i = vscnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2943 	va_end(args);
2944 
2945 	return i;
2946 }
2947 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);
2948 
2949 /**
2950  * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2951  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2952  * @fmt: The format string to use
2953  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2954  *
2955  * The function returns the number of characters written
2956  * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
2957  * buffer overflows.
2958  *
2959  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using sprintf().
2960  *
2961  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2962  */
2963 int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2964 {
2965 	return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2966 }
2967 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);
2968 
2969 /**
2970  * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2971  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2972  * @fmt: The format string to use
2973  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2974  *
2975  * The function returns the number of characters written
2976  * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
2977  * buffer overflows.
2978  *
2979  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2980  */
2981 int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
2982 {
2983 	va_list args;
2984 	int i;
2985 
2986 	va_start(args, fmt);
2987 	i = vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2988 	va_end(args);
2989 
2990 	return i;
2991 }
2992 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);
2993 
2994 #ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
2995 /*
2996  * bprintf service:
2997  * vbin_printf() - VA arguments to binary data
2998  * bstr_printf() - Binary data to text string
2999  */
3000 
3001 /**
3002  * vbin_printf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3003  * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3004  * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3005  * @fmt: The format string to use
3006  * @args: Arguments for the format string
3007  *
3008  * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, except %n is ignored, and its argument
3009  * is skipped.
3010  *
3011  * The return value is the number of words(32bits) which would be generated for
3012  * the given input.
3013  *
3014  * NOTE:
3015  * If the return value is greater than @size, the resulting bin_buf is NOT
3016  * valid for bstr_printf().
3017  */
3018 int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3019 {
3020 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
3021 	char *str, *end;
3022 	int width;
3023 
3024 	str = (char *)bin_buf;
3025 	end = (char *)(bin_buf + size);
3026 
3027 #define save_arg(type)							\
3028 ({									\
3029 	unsigned long long value;					\
3030 	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
3031 		unsigned long long val8;				\
3032 		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32));			\
3033 		val8 = va_arg(args, unsigned long long);		\
3034 		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) {			\
3035 			*(u32 *)str = *(u32 *)&val8;			\
3036 			*(u32 *)(str + 4) = *((u32 *)&val8 + 1);	\
3037 		}							\
3038 		value = val8;						\
3039 	} else {							\
3040 		unsigned int val4;					\
3041 		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(type));			\
3042 		val4 = va_arg(args, int);				\
3043 		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end)				\
3044 			*(typeof(type) *)str = (type)(long)val4;	\
3045 		value = (unsigned long long)val4;			\
3046 	}								\
3047 	str += sizeof(type);						\
3048 	value;								\
3049 })
3050 
3051 	while (*fmt) {
3052 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
3053 
3054 		fmt += read;
3055 
3056 		switch (spec.type) {
3057 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE:
3058 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3059 			break;
3060 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3061 			goto out;
3062 
3063 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
3064 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
3065 			width = (int)save_arg(int);
3066 			/* Pointers may require the width */
3067 			if (*fmt == 'p')
3068 				set_field_width(&spec, width);
3069 			break;
3070 
3071 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR:
3072 			save_arg(char);
3073 			break;
3074 
3075 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
3076 			const char *save_str = va_arg(args, char *);
3077 			const char *err_msg;
3078 			size_t len;
3079 
3080 			err_msg = check_pointer_msg(save_str);
3081 			if (err_msg)
3082 				save_str = err_msg;
3083 
3084 			len = strlen(save_str) + 1;
3085 			if (str + len < end)
3086 				memcpy(str, save_str, len);
3087 			str += len;
3088 			break;
3089 		}
3090 
3091 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
3092 			/* Dereferenced pointers must be done now */
3093 			switch (*fmt) {
3094 			/* Dereference of functions is still OK */
3095 			case 'S':
3096 			case 's':
3097 			case 'x':
3098 			case 'K':
3099 			case 'e':
3100 				save_arg(void *);
3101 				break;
3102 			default:
3103 				if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3104 					save_arg(void *);
3105 					break;
3106 				}
3107 				str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
3108 					      spec);
3109 				if (str + 1 < end)
3110 					*str++ = '\0';
3111 				else
3112 					end[-1] = '\0'; /* Must be nul terminated */
3113 			}
3114 			/* skip all alphanumeric pointer suffixes */
3115 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
3116 				fmt++;
3117 			break;
3118 
3119 		default:
3120 			switch (spec.type) {
3121 
3122 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3123 				save_arg(long long);
3124 				break;
3125 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3126 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3127 				save_arg(unsigned long);
3128 				break;
3129 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3130 				save_arg(size_t);
3131 				break;
3132 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3133 				save_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3134 				break;
3135 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3136 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3137 				save_arg(char);
3138 				break;
3139 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3140 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3141 				save_arg(short);
3142 				break;
3143 			default:
3144 				save_arg(int);
3145 			}
3146 		}
3147 	}
3148 
3149 out:
3150 	return (u32 *)(PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32))) - bin_buf;
3151 #undef save_arg
3152 }
3153 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vbin_printf);
3154 
3155 /**
3156  * bstr_printf - Format a string from binary arguments and place it in a buffer
3157  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
3158  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
3159  * @fmt: The format string to use
3160  * @bin_buf: Binary arguments for the format string
3161  *
3162  * This function like C99 vsnprintf, but the difference is that vsnprintf gets
3163  * arguments from stack, and bstr_printf gets arguments from @bin_buf which is
3164  * a binary buffer that generated by vbin_printf.
3165  *
3166  * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
3167  *  see vsnprintf comment for details.
3168  *
3169  * The return value is the number of characters which would
3170  * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
3171  * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
3172  * number of characters written into @buf as return value
3173  * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
3174  * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
3175  * string is truncated.
3176  */
3177 int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf)
3178 {
3179 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
3180 	char *str, *end;
3181 	const char *args = (const char *)bin_buf;
3182 
3183 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
3184 		return 0;
3185 
3186 	str = buf;
3187 	end = buf + size;
3188 
3189 #define get_arg(type)							\
3190 ({									\
3191 	typeof(type) value;						\
3192 	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
3193 		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(u32));			\
3194 		*(u32 *)&value = *(u32 *)args;				\
3195 		*((u32 *)&value + 1) = *(u32 *)(args + 4);		\
3196 	} else {							\
3197 		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(type));			\
3198 		value = *(typeof(type) *)args;				\
3199 	}								\
3200 	args += sizeof(type);						\
3201 	value;								\
3202 })
3203 
3204 	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
3205 	if (end < buf) {
3206 		end = ((void *)-1);
3207 		size = end - buf;
3208 	}
3209 
3210 	while (*fmt) {
3211 		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
3212 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
3213 
3214 		fmt += read;
3215 
3216 		switch (spec.type) {
3217 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
3218 			int copy = read;
3219 			if (str < end) {
3220 				if (copy > end - str)
3221 					copy = end - str;
3222 				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
3223 			}
3224 			str += read;
3225 			break;
3226 		}
3227 
3228 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
3229 			set_field_width(&spec, get_arg(int));
3230 			break;
3231 
3232 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
3233 			set_precision(&spec, get_arg(int));
3234 			break;
3235 
3236 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
3237 			char c;
3238 
3239 			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
3240 				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
3241 					if (str < end)
3242 						*str = ' ';
3243 					++str;
3244 				}
3245 			}
3246 			c = (unsigned char) get_arg(char);
3247 			if (str < end)
3248 				*str = c;
3249 			++str;
3250 			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
3251 				if (str < end)
3252 					*str = ' ';
3253 				++str;
3254 			}
3255 			break;
3256 		}
3257 
3258 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
3259 			const char *str_arg = args;
3260 			args += strlen(str_arg) + 1;
3261 			str = string(str, end, (char *)str_arg, spec);
3262 			break;
3263 		}
3264 
3265 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR: {
3266 			bool process = false;
3267 			int copy, len;
3268 			/* Non function dereferences were already done */
3269 			switch (*fmt) {
3270 			case 'S':
3271 			case 's':
3272 			case 'x':
3273 			case 'K':
3274 			case 'e':
3275 				process = true;
3276 				break;
3277 			default:
3278 				if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3279 					process = true;
3280 					break;
3281 				}
3282 				/* Pointer dereference was already processed */
3283 				if (str < end) {
3284 					len = copy = strlen(args);
3285 					if (copy > end - str)
3286 						copy = end - str;
3287 					memcpy(str, args, copy);
3288 					str += len;
3289 					args += len + 1;
3290 				}
3291 			}
3292 			if (process)
3293 				str = pointer(fmt, str, end, get_arg(void *), spec);
3294 
3295 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
3296 				fmt++;
3297 			break;
3298 		}
3299 
3300 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3301 			if (str < end)
3302 				*str = '%';
3303 			++str;
3304 			break;
3305 
3306 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3307 			goto out;
3308 
3309 		default: {
3310 			unsigned long long num;
3311 
3312 			switch (spec.type) {
3313 
3314 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3315 				num = get_arg(long long);
3316 				break;
3317 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3318 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3319 				num = get_arg(unsigned long);
3320 				break;
3321 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3322 				num = get_arg(size_t);
3323 				break;
3324 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3325 				num = get_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3326 				break;
3327 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3328 				num = get_arg(unsigned char);
3329 				break;
3330 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3331 				num = get_arg(signed char);
3332 				break;
3333 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3334 				num = get_arg(unsigned short);
3335 				break;
3336 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3337 				num = get_arg(short);
3338 				break;
3339 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UINT:
3340 				num = get_arg(unsigned int);
3341 				break;
3342 			default:
3343 				num = get_arg(int);
3344 			}
3345 
3346 			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
3347 		} /* default: */
3348 		} /* switch(spec.type) */
3349 	} /* while(*fmt) */
3350 
3351 out:
3352 	if (size > 0) {
3353 		if (str < end)
3354 			*str = '\0';
3355 		else
3356 			end[-1] = '\0';
3357 	}
3358 
3359 #undef get_arg
3360 
3361 	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
3362 	return str - buf;
3363 }
3364 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bstr_printf);
3365 
3366 /**
3367  * bprintf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3368  * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3369  * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3370  * @fmt: The format string to use
3371  * @...: Arguments for the format string
3372  *
3373  * The function returns the number of words(u32) written
3374  * into @bin_buf.
3375  */
3376 int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
3377 {
3378 	va_list args;
3379 	int ret;
3380 
3381 	va_start(args, fmt);
3382 	ret = vbin_printf(bin_buf, size, fmt, args);
3383 	va_end(args);
3384 
3385 	return ret;
3386 }
3387 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bprintf);
3388 
3389 #endif /* CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF */
3390 
3391 /**
3392  * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3393  * @buf:	input buffer
3394  * @fmt:	format of buffer
3395  * @args:	arguments
3396  */
3397 int vsscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3398 {
3399 	const char *str = buf;
3400 	char *next;
3401 	char digit;
3402 	int num = 0;
3403 	u8 qualifier;
3404 	unsigned int base;
3405 	union {
3406 		long long s;
3407 		unsigned long long u;
3408 	} val;
3409 	s16 field_width;
3410 	bool is_sign;
3411 
3412 	while (*fmt) {
3413 		/* skip any white space in format */
3414 		/* white space in format matches any amount of
3415 		 * white space, including none, in the input.
3416 		 */
3417 		if (isspace(*fmt)) {
3418 			fmt = skip_spaces(++fmt);
3419 			str = skip_spaces(str);
3420 		}
3421 
3422 		/* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
3423 		if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3424 			if (*fmt++ != *str++)
3425 				break;
3426 			continue;
3427 		}
3428 
3429 		if (!*fmt)
3430 			break;
3431 		++fmt;
3432 
3433 		/* skip this conversion.
3434 		 * advance both strings to next white space
3435 		 */
3436 		if (*fmt == '*') {
3437 			if (!*str)
3438 				break;
3439 			while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3440 				/* '%*[' not yet supported, invalid format */
3441 				if (*fmt == '[')
3442 					return num;
3443 				fmt++;
3444 			}
3445 			while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
3446 				str++;
3447 			continue;
3448 		}
3449 
3450 		/* get field width */
3451 		field_width = -1;
3452 		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
3453 			field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
3454 			if (field_width <= 0)
3455 				break;
3456 		}
3457 
3458 		/* get conversion qualifier */
3459 		qualifier = -1;
3460 		if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
3461 		    *fmt == 'z') {
3462 			qualifier = *fmt++;
3463 			if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
3464 				if (qualifier == 'h') {
3465 					qualifier = 'H';
3466 					fmt++;
3467 				} else if (qualifier == 'l') {
3468 					qualifier = 'L';
3469 					fmt++;
3470 				}
3471 			}
3472 		}
3473 
3474 		if (!*fmt)
3475 			break;
3476 
3477 		if (*fmt == 'n') {
3478 			/* return number of characters read so far */
3479 			*va_arg(args, int *) = str - buf;
3480 			++fmt;
3481 			continue;
3482 		}
3483 
3484 		if (!*str)
3485 			break;
3486 
3487 		base = 10;
3488 		is_sign = false;
3489 
3490 		switch (*fmt++) {
3491 		case 'c':
3492 		{
3493 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char*);
3494 			if (field_width == -1)
3495 				field_width = 1;
3496 			do {
3497 				*s++ = *str++;
3498 			} while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
3499 			num++;
3500 		}
3501 		continue;
3502 		case 's':
3503 		{
3504 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3505 			if (field_width == -1)
3506 				field_width = SHRT_MAX;
3507 			/* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
3508 			str = skip_spaces(str);
3509 
3510 			/* now copy until next white space */
3511 			while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--)
3512 				*s++ = *str++;
3513 			*s = '\0';
3514 			num++;
3515 		}
3516 		continue;
3517 		/*
3518 		 * Warning: This implementation of the '[' conversion specifier
3519 		 * deviates from its glibc counterpart in the following ways:
3520 		 * (1) It does NOT support ranges i.e. '-' is NOT a special
3521 		 *     character
3522 		 * (2) It cannot match the closing bracket ']' itself
3523 		 * (3) A field width is required
3524 		 * (4) '%*[' (discard matching input) is currently not supported
3525 		 *
3526 		 * Example usage:
3527 		 * ret = sscanf("00:0a:95","%2[^:]:%2[^:]:%2[^:]",
3528 		 *		buf1, buf2, buf3);
3529 		 * if (ret < 3)
3530 		 *    // etc..
3531 		 */
3532 		case '[':
3533 		{
3534 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3535 			DECLARE_BITMAP(set, 256) = {0};
3536 			unsigned int len = 0;
3537 			bool negate = (*fmt == '^');
3538 
3539 			/* field width is required */
3540 			if (field_width == -1)
3541 				return num;
3542 
3543 			if (negate)
3544 				++fmt;
3545 
3546 			for ( ; *fmt && *fmt != ']'; ++fmt, ++len)
3547 				__set_bit((u8)*fmt, set);
3548 
3549 			/* no ']' or no character set found */
3550 			if (!*fmt || !len)
3551 				return num;
3552 			++fmt;
3553 
3554 			if (negate) {
3555 				bitmap_complement(set, set, 256);
3556 				/* exclude null '\0' byte */
3557 				__clear_bit(0, set);
3558 			}
3559 
3560 			/* match must be non-empty */
3561 			if (!test_bit((u8)*str, set))
3562 				return num;
3563 
3564 			while (test_bit((u8)*str, set) && field_width--)
3565 				*s++ = *str++;
3566 			*s = '\0';
3567 			++num;
3568 		}
3569 		continue;
3570 		case 'o':
3571 			base = 8;
3572 			break;
3573 		case 'x':
3574 		case 'X':
3575 			base = 16;
3576 			break;
3577 		case 'i':
3578 			base = 0;
3579 			fallthrough;
3580 		case 'd':
3581 			is_sign = true;
3582 			fallthrough;
3583 		case 'u':
3584 			break;
3585 		case '%':
3586 			/* looking for '%' in str */
3587 			if (*str++ != '%')
3588 				return num;
3589 			continue;
3590 		default:
3591 			/* invalid format; stop here */
3592 			return num;
3593 		}
3594 
3595 		/* have some sort of integer conversion.
3596 		 * first, skip white space in buffer.
3597 		 */
3598 		str = skip_spaces(str);
3599 
3600 		digit = *str;
3601 		if (is_sign && digit == '-') {
3602 			if (field_width == 1)
3603 				break;
3604 
3605 			digit = *(str + 1);
3606 		}
3607 
3608 		if (!digit
3609 		    || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
3610 		    || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
3611 		    || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
3612 		    || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
3613 			break;
3614 
3615 		if (is_sign)
3616 			val.s = simple_strntoll(str,
3617 						field_width >= 0 ? field_width : INT_MAX,
3618 						&next, base);
3619 		else
3620 			val.u = simple_strntoull(str,
3621 						 field_width >= 0 ? field_width : INT_MAX,
3622 						 &next, base);
3623 
3624 		switch (qualifier) {
3625 		case 'H':	/* that's 'hh' in format */
3626 			if (is_sign)
3627 				*va_arg(args, signed char *) = val.s;
3628 			else
3629 				*va_arg(args, unsigned char *) = val.u;
3630 			break;
3631 		case 'h':
3632 			if (is_sign)
3633 				*va_arg(args, short *) = val.s;
3634 			else
3635 				*va_arg(args, unsigned short *) = val.u;
3636 			break;
3637 		case 'l':
3638 			if (is_sign)
3639 				*va_arg(args, long *) = val.s;
3640 			else
3641 				*va_arg(args, unsigned long *) = val.u;
3642 			break;
3643 		case 'L':
3644 			if (is_sign)
3645 				*va_arg(args, long long *) = val.s;
3646 			else
3647 				*va_arg(args, unsigned long long *) = val.u;
3648 			break;
3649 		case 'z':
3650 			*va_arg(args, size_t *) = val.u;
3651 			break;
3652 		default:
3653 			if (is_sign)
3654 				*va_arg(args, int *) = val.s;
3655 			else
3656 				*va_arg(args, unsigned int *) = val.u;
3657 			break;
3658 		}
3659 		num++;
3660 
3661 		if (!next)
3662 			break;
3663 		str = next;
3664 	}
3665 
3666 	return num;
3667 }
3668 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);
3669 
3670 /**
3671  * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3672  * @buf:	input buffer
3673  * @fmt:	formatting of buffer
3674  * @...:	resulting arguments
3675  */
3676 int sscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
3677 {
3678 	va_list args;
3679 	int i;
3680 
3681 	va_start(args, fmt);
3682 	i = vsscanf(buf, fmt, args);
3683 	va_end(args);
3684 
3685 	return i;
3686 }
3687 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);
3688