xref: /openbmc/linux/lib/ubsan.c (revision f9a82c48)
1 /*
2  * UBSAN error reporting functions
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
5  * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10  *
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/bitops.h>
14 #include <linux/bug.h>
15 #include <linux/ctype.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
17 #include <linux/kernel.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/sched.h>
20 
21 #include "ubsan.h"
22 
23 const char *type_check_kinds[] = {
24 	"load of",
25 	"store to",
26 	"reference binding to",
27 	"member access within",
28 	"member call on",
29 	"constructor call on",
30 	"downcast of",
31 	"downcast of"
32 };
33 
34 #define REPORTED_BIT 31
35 
36 #if (BITS_PER_LONG == 64) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
37 #define COLUMN_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
38 #define LINE_MASK   (~0U)
39 #else
40 #define COLUMN_MASK   (~0U)
41 #define LINE_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
42 #endif
43 
44 #define VALUE_LENGTH 40
45 
46 static bool was_reported(struct source_location *location)
47 {
48 	return test_and_set_bit(REPORTED_BIT, &location->reported);
49 }
50 
51 static void print_source_location(const char *prefix,
52 				struct source_location *loc)
53 {
54 	pr_err("%s %s:%d:%d\n", prefix, loc->file_name,
55 		loc->line & LINE_MASK, loc->column & COLUMN_MASK);
56 }
57 
58 static bool suppress_report(struct source_location *loc)
59 {
60 	return current->in_ubsan || was_reported(loc);
61 }
62 
63 static bool type_is_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
64 {
65 	return type->type_kind == type_kind_int;
66 }
67 
68 static bool type_is_signed(struct type_descriptor *type)
69 {
70 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
71 	return  type->type_info & 1;
72 }
73 
74 static unsigned type_bit_width(struct type_descriptor *type)
75 {
76 	return 1 << (type->type_info >> 1);
77 }
78 
79 static bool is_inline_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
80 {
81 	unsigned inline_bits = sizeof(unsigned long)*8;
82 	unsigned bits = type_bit_width(type);
83 
84 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
85 
86 	return bits <= inline_bits;
87 }
88 
89 static s_max get_signed_val(struct type_descriptor *type, unsigned long val)
90 {
91 	if (is_inline_int(type)) {
92 		unsigned extra_bits = sizeof(s_max)*8 - type_bit_width(type);
93 		return ((s_max)val) << extra_bits >> extra_bits;
94 	}
95 
96 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
97 		return *(s64 *)val;
98 
99 	return *(s_max *)val;
100 }
101 
102 static bool val_is_negative(struct type_descriptor *type, unsigned long val)
103 {
104 	return type_is_signed(type) && get_signed_val(type, val) < 0;
105 }
106 
107 static u_max get_unsigned_val(struct type_descriptor *type, unsigned long val)
108 {
109 	if (is_inline_int(type))
110 		return val;
111 
112 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
113 		return *(u64 *)val;
114 
115 	return *(u_max *)val;
116 }
117 
118 static void val_to_string(char *str, size_t size, struct type_descriptor *type,
119 	unsigned long value)
120 {
121 	if (type_is_int(type)) {
122 		if (type_bit_width(type) == 128) {
123 #if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128) && defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__)
124 			u_max val = get_unsigned_val(type, value);
125 
126 			scnprintf(str, size, "0x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
127 				(u32)(val >> 96),
128 				(u32)(val >> 64),
129 				(u32)(val >> 32),
130 				(u32)(val));
131 #else
132 			WARN_ON(1);
133 #endif
134 		} else if (type_is_signed(type)) {
135 			scnprintf(str, size, "%lld",
136 				(s64)get_signed_val(type, value));
137 		} else {
138 			scnprintf(str, size, "%llu",
139 				(u64)get_unsigned_val(type, value));
140 		}
141 	}
142 }
143 
144 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(report_lock);
145 
146 static void ubsan_prologue(struct source_location *location,
147 			unsigned long *flags)
148 {
149 	current->in_ubsan++;
150 	spin_lock_irqsave(&report_lock, *flags);
151 
152 	pr_err("========================================"
153 		"========================================\n");
154 	print_source_location("UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in", location);
155 }
156 
157 static void ubsan_epilogue(unsigned long *flags)
158 {
159 	dump_stack();
160 	pr_err("========================================"
161 		"========================================\n");
162 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&report_lock, *flags);
163 	current->in_ubsan--;
164 }
165 
166 static void handle_overflow(struct overflow_data *data, unsigned long lhs,
167 			unsigned long rhs, char op)
168 {
169 
170 	struct type_descriptor *type = data->type;
171 	unsigned long flags;
172 	char lhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
173 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
174 
175 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
176 		return;
177 
178 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
179 
180 	val_to_string(lhs_val_str, sizeof(lhs_val_str), type, lhs);
181 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), type, rhs);
182 	pr_err("%s integer overflow:\n",
183 		type_is_signed(type) ? "signed" : "unsigned");
184 	pr_err("%s %c %s cannot be represented in type %s\n",
185 		lhs_val_str,
186 		op,
187 		rhs_val_str,
188 		type->type_name);
189 
190 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
191 }
192 
193 void __ubsan_handle_add_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
194 				unsigned long lhs,
195 				unsigned long rhs)
196 {
197 
198 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '+');
199 }
200 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_add_overflow);
201 
202 void __ubsan_handle_sub_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
203 				unsigned long lhs,
204 				unsigned long rhs)
205 {
206 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '-');
207 }
208 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_sub_overflow);
209 
210 void __ubsan_handle_mul_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
211 				unsigned long lhs,
212 				unsigned long rhs)
213 {
214 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '*');
215 }
216 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_mul_overflow);
217 
218 void __ubsan_handle_negate_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
219 				unsigned long old_val)
220 {
221 	unsigned long flags;
222 	char old_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
223 
224 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
225 		return;
226 
227 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
228 
229 	val_to_string(old_val_str, sizeof(old_val_str), data->type, old_val);
230 
231 	pr_err("negation of %s cannot be represented in type %s:\n",
232 		old_val_str, data->type->type_name);
233 
234 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
235 }
236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_negate_overflow);
237 
238 
239 void __ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
240 				unsigned long lhs,
241 				unsigned long rhs)
242 {
243 	unsigned long flags;
244 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
245 
246 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
247 		return;
248 
249 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
250 
251 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), data->type, rhs);
252 
253 	if (type_is_signed(data->type) && get_signed_val(data->type, rhs) == -1)
254 		pr_err("division of %s by -1 cannot be represented in type %s\n",
255 			rhs_val_str, data->type->type_name);
256 	else
257 		pr_err("division by zero\n");
258 
259 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
260 }
261 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow);
262 
263 static void handle_null_ptr_deref(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data)
264 {
265 	unsigned long flags;
266 
267 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
268 		return;
269 
270 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
271 
272 	pr_err("%s null pointer of type %s\n",
273 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
274 		data->type->type_name);
275 
276 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
277 }
278 
279 static void handle_misaligned_access(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
280 				unsigned long ptr)
281 {
282 	unsigned long flags;
283 
284 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
285 		return;
286 
287 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
288 
289 	pr_err("%s misaligned address %p for type %s\n",
290 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
291 		(void *)ptr, data->type->type_name);
292 	pr_err("which requires %ld byte alignment\n", data->alignment);
293 
294 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
295 }
296 
297 static void handle_object_size_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
298 					unsigned long ptr)
299 {
300 	unsigned long flags;
301 
302 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
303 		return;
304 
305 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
306 	pr_err("%s address %p with insufficient space\n",
307 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
308 		(void *) ptr);
309 	pr_err("for an object of type %s\n", data->type->type_name);
310 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
311 }
312 
313 static void ubsan_type_mismatch_common(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
314 				unsigned long ptr)
315 {
316 
317 	if (!ptr)
318 		handle_null_ptr_deref(data);
319 	else if (data->alignment && !IS_ALIGNED(ptr, data->alignment))
320 		handle_misaligned_access(data, ptr);
321 	else
322 		handle_object_size_mismatch(data, ptr);
323 }
324 
325 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data *data,
326 				unsigned long ptr)
327 {
328 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
329 		.location = &data->location,
330 		.type = data->type,
331 		.alignment = data->alignment,
332 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
333 	};
334 
335 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, ptr);
336 }
337 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch);
338 
339 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1(struct type_mismatch_data_v1 *data,
340 				unsigned long ptr)
341 {
342 
343 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
344 		.location = &data->location,
345 		.type = data->type,
346 		.alignment = 1UL << data->log_alignment,
347 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
348 	};
349 
350 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, ptr);
351 }
352 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1);
353 
354 void __ubsan_handle_vla_bound_not_positive(struct vla_bound_data *data,
355 					unsigned long bound)
356 {
357 	unsigned long flags;
358 	char bound_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
359 
360 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
361 		return;
362 
363 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
364 
365 	val_to_string(bound_str, sizeof(bound_str), data->type, bound);
366 	pr_err("variable length array bound value %s <= 0\n", bound_str);
367 
368 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
369 }
370 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_vla_bound_not_positive);
371 
372 void __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds(struct out_of_bounds_data *data,
373 				unsigned long index)
374 {
375 	unsigned long flags;
376 	char index_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
377 
378 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
379 		return;
380 
381 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
382 
383 	val_to_string(index_str, sizeof(index_str), data->index_type, index);
384 	pr_err("index %s is out of range for type %s\n", index_str,
385 		data->array_type->type_name);
386 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
387 }
388 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds);
389 
390 void __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds(struct shift_out_of_bounds_data *data,
391 					unsigned long lhs, unsigned long rhs)
392 {
393 	unsigned long flags;
394 	struct type_descriptor *rhs_type = data->rhs_type;
395 	struct type_descriptor *lhs_type = data->lhs_type;
396 	char rhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
397 	char lhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
398 
399 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
400 		return;
401 
402 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
403 
404 	val_to_string(rhs_str, sizeof(rhs_str), rhs_type, rhs);
405 	val_to_string(lhs_str, sizeof(lhs_str), lhs_type, lhs);
406 
407 	if (val_is_negative(rhs_type, rhs))
408 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is negative\n", rhs_str);
409 
410 	else if (get_unsigned_val(rhs_type, rhs) >=
411 		type_bit_width(lhs_type))
412 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is too large for %u-bit type %s\n",
413 			rhs_str,
414 			type_bit_width(lhs_type),
415 			lhs_type->type_name);
416 	else if (val_is_negative(lhs_type, lhs))
417 		pr_err("left shift of negative value %s\n",
418 			lhs_str);
419 	else
420 		pr_err("left shift of %s by %s places cannot be"
421 			" represented in type %s\n",
422 			lhs_str, rhs_str,
423 			lhs_type->type_name);
424 
425 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
426 }
427 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds);
428 
429 
430 void __ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable(struct unreachable_data *data)
431 {
432 	unsigned long flags;
433 
434 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
435 	pr_err("calling __builtin_unreachable()\n");
436 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
437 	panic("can't return from __builtin_unreachable()");
438 }
439 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable);
440 
441 void __ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value(struct invalid_value_data *data,
442 				unsigned long val)
443 {
444 	unsigned long flags;
445 	char val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
446 
447 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
448 		return;
449 
450 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
451 
452 	val_to_string(val_str, sizeof(val_str), data->type, val);
453 
454 	pr_err("load of value %s is not a valid value for type %s\n",
455 		val_str, data->type->type_name);
456 
457 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
458 }
459 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value);
460