xref: /openbmc/linux/lib/ubsan.c (revision e75d5ae8)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * UBSAN error reporting functions
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
6  * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/bitops.h>
10 #include <linux/bug.h>
11 #include <linux/ctype.h>
12 #include <linux/init.h>
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
17 #include <kunit/test-bug.h>
18 
19 #include "ubsan.h"
20 
21 static const char * const type_check_kinds[] = {
22 	"load of",
23 	"store to",
24 	"reference binding to",
25 	"member access within",
26 	"member call on",
27 	"constructor call on",
28 	"downcast of",
29 	"downcast of"
30 };
31 
32 #define REPORTED_BIT 31
33 
34 #if (BITS_PER_LONG == 64) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
35 #define COLUMN_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
36 #define LINE_MASK   (~0U)
37 #else
38 #define COLUMN_MASK   (~0U)
39 #define LINE_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
40 #endif
41 
42 #define VALUE_LENGTH 40
43 
44 static bool was_reported(struct source_location *location)
45 {
46 	return test_and_set_bit(REPORTED_BIT, &location->reported);
47 }
48 
49 static bool suppress_report(struct source_location *loc)
50 {
51 	return current->in_ubsan || was_reported(loc);
52 }
53 
54 static bool type_is_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
55 {
56 	return type->type_kind == type_kind_int;
57 }
58 
59 static bool type_is_signed(struct type_descriptor *type)
60 {
61 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
62 	return  type->type_info & 1;
63 }
64 
65 static unsigned type_bit_width(struct type_descriptor *type)
66 {
67 	return 1 << (type->type_info >> 1);
68 }
69 
70 static bool is_inline_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
71 {
72 	unsigned inline_bits = sizeof(unsigned long)*8;
73 	unsigned bits = type_bit_width(type);
74 
75 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
76 
77 	return bits <= inline_bits;
78 }
79 
80 static s_max get_signed_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
81 {
82 	if (is_inline_int(type)) {
83 		unsigned extra_bits = sizeof(s_max)*8 - type_bit_width(type);
84 		unsigned long ulong_val = (unsigned long)val;
85 
86 		return ((s_max)ulong_val) << extra_bits >> extra_bits;
87 	}
88 
89 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
90 		return *(s64 *)val;
91 
92 	return *(s_max *)val;
93 }
94 
95 static bool val_is_negative(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
96 {
97 	return type_is_signed(type) && get_signed_val(type, val) < 0;
98 }
99 
100 static u_max get_unsigned_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
101 {
102 	if (is_inline_int(type))
103 		return (unsigned long)val;
104 
105 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
106 		return *(u64 *)val;
107 
108 	return *(u_max *)val;
109 }
110 
111 static void val_to_string(char *str, size_t size, struct type_descriptor *type,
112 			void *value)
113 {
114 	if (type_is_int(type)) {
115 		if (type_bit_width(type) == 128) {
116 #if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128)
117 			u_max val = get_unsigned_val(type, value);
118 
119 			scnprintf(str, size, "0x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
120 				(u32)(val >> 96),
121 				(u32)(val >> 64),
122 				(u32)(val >> 32),
123 				(u32)(val));
124 #else
125 			WARN_ON(1);
126 #endif
127 		} else if (type_is_signed(type)) {
128 			scnprintf(str, size, "%lld",
129 				(s64)get_signed_val(type, value));
130 		} else {
131 			scnprintf(str, size, "%llu",
132 				(u64)get_unsigned_val(type, value));
133 		}
134 	}
135 }
136 
137 static void ubsan_prologue(struct source_location *loc, const char *reason)
138 {
139 	current->in_ubsan++;
140 
141 	pr_err("========================================"
142 		"========================================\n");
143 	pr_err("UBSAN: %s in %s:%d:%d\n", reason, loc->file_name,
144 		loc->line & LINE_MASK, loc->column & COLUMN_MASK);
145 
146 	kunit_fail_current_test("%s in %s", reason, loc->file_name);
147 }
148 
149 static void ubsan_epilogue(void)
150 {
151 	dump_stack();
152 	pr_err("========================================"
153 		"========================================\n");
154 
155 	current->in_ubsan--;
156 
157 	if (panic_on_warn)
158 		panic("panic_on_warn set ...\n");
159 }
160 
161 void __ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow(void *_data, void *lhs, void *rhs)
162 {
163 	struct overflow_data *data = _data;
164 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
165 
166 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
167 		return;
168 
169 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "division-overflow");
170 
171 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), data->type, rhs);
172 
173 	if (type_is_signed(data->type) && get_signed_val(data->type, rhs) == -1)
174 		pr_err("division of %s by -1 cannot be represented in type %s\n",
175 			rhs_val_str, data->type->type_name);
176 	else
177 		pr_err("division by zero\n");
178 
179 	ubsan_epilogue();
180 }
181 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow);
182 
183 static void handle_null_ptr_deref(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data)
184 {
185 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
186 		return;
187 
188 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "null-ptr-deref");
189 
190 	pr_err("%s null pointer of type %s\n",
191 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
192 		data->type->type_name);
193 
194 	ubsan_epilogue();
195 }
196 
197 static void handle_misaligned_access(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
198 				unsigned long ptr)
199 {
200 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
201 		return;
202 
203 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "misaligned-access");
204 
205 	pr_err("%s misaligned address %p for type %s\n",
206 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
207 		(void *)ptr, data->type->type_name);
208 	pr_err("which requires %ld byte alignment\n", data->alignment);
209 
210 	ubsan_epilogue();
211 }
212 
213 static void handle_object_size_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
214 					unsigned long ptr)
215 {
216 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
217 		return;
218 
219 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "object-size-mismatch");
220 	pr_err("%s address %p with insufficient space\n",
221 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
222 		(void *) ptr);
223 	pr_err("for an object of type %s\n", data->type->type_name);
224 	ubsan_epilogue();
225 }
226 
227 static void ubsan_type_mismatch_common(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
228 				unsigned long ptr)
229 {
230 	unsigned long flags = user_access_save();
231 
232 	if (!ptr)
233 		handle_null_ptr_deref(data);
234 	else if (data->alignment && !IS_ALIGNED(ptr, data->alignment))
235 		handle_misaligned_access(data, ptr);
236 	else
237 		handle_object_size_mismatch(data, ptr);
238 
239 	user_access_restore(flags);
240 }
241 
242 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data *data,
243 				void *ptr)
244 {
245 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
246 		.location = &data->location,
247 		.type = data->type,
248 		.alignment = data->alignment,
249 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
250 	};
251 
252 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
253 }
254 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch);
255 
256 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1(void *_data, void *ptr)
257 {
258 	struct type_mismatch_data_v1 *data = _data;
259 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
260 		.location = &data->location,
261 		.type = data->type,
262 		.alignment = 1UL << data->log_alignment,
263 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
264 	};
265 
266 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
267 }
268 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1);
269 
270 void __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds(void *_data, void *index)
271 {
272 	struct out_of_bounds_data *data = _data;
273 	char index_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
274 
275 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
276 		return;
277 
278 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "array-index-out-of-bounds");
279 
280 	val_to_string(index_str, sizeof(index_str), data->index_type, index);
281 	pr_err("index %s is out of range for type %s\n", index_str,
282 		data->array_type->type_name);
283 	ubsan_epilogue();
284 }
285 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds);
286 
287 void __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds(void *_data, void *lhs, void *rhs)
288 {
289 	struct shift_out_of_bounds_data *data = _data;
290 	struct type_descriptor *rhs_type = data->rhs_type;
291 	struct type_descriptor *lhs_type = data->lhs_type;
292 	char rhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
293 	char lhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
294 	unsigned long ua_flags = user_access_save();
295 
296 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
297 		goto out;
298 
299 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "shift-out-of-bounds");
300 
301 	val_to_string(rhs_str, sizeof(rhs_str), rhs_type, rhs);
302 	val_to_string(lhs_str, sizeof(lhs_str), lhs_type, lhs);
303 
304 	if (val_is_negative(rhs_type, rhs))
305 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is negative\n", rhs_str);
306 
307 	else if (get_unsigned_val(rhs_type, rhs) >=
308 		type_bit_width(lhs_type))
309 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is too large for %u-bit type %s\n",
310 			rhs_str,
311 			type_bit_width(lhs_type),
312 			lhs_type->type_name);
313 	else if (val_is_negative(lhs_type, lhs))
314 		pr_err("left shift of negative value %s\n",
315 			lhs_str);
316 	else
317 		pr_err("left shift of %s by %s places cannot be"
318 			" represented in type %s\n",
319 			lhs_str, rhs_str,
320 			lhs_type->type_name);
321 
322 	ubsan_epilogue();
323 out:
324 	user_access_restore(ua_flags);
325 }
326 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds);
327 
328 
329 void __ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable(void *_data)
330 {
331 	struct unreachable_data *data = _data;
332 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "unreachable");
333 	pr_err("calling __builtin_unreachable()\n");
334 	ubsan_epilogue();
335 	panic("can't return from __builtin_unreachable()");
336 }
337 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable);
338 
339 void __ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value(void *_data, void *val)
340 {
341 	struct invalid_value_data *data = _data;
342 	char val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
343 
344 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
345 		return;
346 
347 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "invalid-load");
348 
349 	val_to_string(val_str, sizeof(val_str), data->type, val);
350 
351 	pr_err("load of value %s is not a valid value for type %s\n",
352 		val_str, data->type->type_name);
353 
354 	ubsan_epilogue();
355 }
356 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value);
357 
358 void __ubsan_handle_alignment_assumption(void *_data, unsigned long ptr,
359 					 unsigned long align,
360 					 unsigned long offset);
361 void __ubsan_handle_alignment_assumption(void *_data, unsigned long ptr,
362 					 unsigned long align,
363 					 unsigned long offset)
364 {
365 	struct alignment_assumption_data *data = _data;
366 	unsigned long real_ptr;
367 
368 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
369 		return;
370 
371 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "alignment-assumption");
372 
373 	if (offset)
374 		pr_err("assumption of %lu byte alignment (with offset of %lu byte) for pointer of type %s failed",
375 		       align, offset, data->type->type_name);
376 	else
377 		pr_err("assumption of %lu byte alignment for pointer of type %s failed",
378 		       align, data->type->type_name);
379 
380 	real_ptr = ptr - offset;
381 	pr_err("%saddress is %lu aligned, misalignment offset is %lu bytes",
382 	       offset ? "offset " : "", BIT(real_ptr ? __ffs(real_ptr) : 0),
383 	       real_ptr & (align - 1));
384 
385 	ubsan_epilogue();
386 }
387 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_alignment_assumption);
388