xref: /openbmc/linux/lib/ubsan.c (revision adb80490)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * UBSAN error reporting functions
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
6  * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/bitops.h>
10 #include <linux/bug.h>
11 #include <linux/ctype.h>
12 #include <linux/init.h>
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
17 
18 #include "ubsan.h"
19 
20 const char *type_check_kinds[] = {
21 	"load of",
22 	"store to",
23 	"reference binding to",
24 	"member access within",
25 	"member call on",
26 	"constructor call on",
27 	"downcast of",
28 	"downcast of"
29 };
30 
31 #define REPORTED_BIT 31
32 
33 #if (BITS_PER_LONG == 64) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
34 #define COLUMN_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
35 #define LINE_MASK   (~0U)
36 #else
37 #define COLUMN_MASK   (~0U)
38 #define LINE_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
39 #endif
40 
41 #define VALUE_LENGTH 40
42 
43 static bool was_reported(struct source_location *location)
44 {
45 	return test_and_set_bit(REPORTED_BIT, &location->reported);
46 }
47 
48 static void print_source_location(const char *prefix,
49 				struct source_location *loc)
50 {
51 	pr_err("%s %s:%d:%d\n", prefix, loc->file_name,
52 		loc->line & LINE_MASK, loc->column & COLUMN_MASK);
53 }
54 
55 static bool suppress_report(struct source_location *loc)
56 {
57 	return current->in_ubsan || was_reported(loc);
58 }
59 
60 static bool type_is_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
61 {
62 	return type->type_kind == type_kind_int;
63 }
64 
65 static bool type_is_signed(struct type_descriptor *type)
66 {
67 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
68 	return  type->type_info & 1;
69 }
70 
71 static unsigned type_bit_width(struct type_descriptor *type)
72 {
73 	return 1 << (type->type_info >> 1);
74 }
75 
76 static bool is_inline_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
77 {
78 	unsigned inline_bits = sizeof(unsigned long)*8;
79 	unsigned bits = type_bit_width(type);
80 
81 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
82 
83 	return bits <= inline_bits;
84 }
85 
86 static s_max get_signed_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
87 {
88 	if (is_inline_int(type)) {
89 		unsigned extra_bits = sizeof(s_max)*8 - type_bit_width(type);
90 		unsigned long ulong_val = (unsigned long)val;
91 
92 		return ((s_max)ulong_val) << extra_bits >> extra_bits;
93 	}
94 
95 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
96 		return *(s64 *)val;
97 
98 	return *(s_max *)val;
99 }
100 
101 static bool val_is_negative(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
102 {
103 	return type_is_signed(type) && get_signed_val(type, val) < 0;
104 }
105 
106 static u_max get_unsigned_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
107 {
108 	if (is_inline_int(type))
109 		return (unsigned long)val;
110 
111 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
112 		return *(u64 *)val;
113 
114 	return *(u_max *)val;
115 }
116 
117 static void val_to_string(char *str, size_t size, struct type_descriptor *type,
118 			void *value)
119 {
120 	if (type_is_int(type)) {
121 		if (type_bit_width(type) == 128) {
122 #if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128) && defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__)
123 			u_max val = get_unsigned_val(type, value);
124 
125 			scnprintf(str, size, "0x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
126 				(u32)(val >> 96),
127 				(u32)(val >> 64),
128 				(u32)(val >> 32),
129 				(u32)(val));
130 #else
131 			WARN_ON(1);
132 #endif
133 		} else if (type_is_signed(type)) {
134 			scnprintf(str, size, "%lld",
135 				(s64)get_signed_val(type, value));
136 		} else {
137 			scnprintf(str, size, "%llu",
138 				(u64)get_unsigned_val(type, value));
139 		}
140 	}
141 }
142 
143 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(report_lock);
144 
145 static void ubsan_prologue(struct source_location *location,
146 			unsigned long *flags)
147 {
148 	current->in_ubsan++;
149 	spin_lock_irqsave(&report_lock, *flags);
150 
151 	pr_err("========================================"
152 		"========================================\n");
153 	print_source_location("UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in", location);
154 }
155 
156 static void ubsan_epilogue(unsigned long *flags)
157 {
158 	dump_stack();
159 	pr_err("========================================"
160 		"========================================\n");
161 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&report_lock, *flags);
162 	current->in_ubsan--;
163 }
164 
165 static void handle_overflow(struct overflow_data *data, void *lhs,
166 			void *rhs, char op)
167 {
168 
169 	struct type_descriptor *type = data->type;
170 	unsigned long flags;
171 	char lhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
172 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
173 
174 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
175 		return;
176 
177 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
178 
179 	val_to_string(lhs_val_str, sizeof(lhs_val_str), type, lhs);
180 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), type, rhs);
181 	pr_err("%s integer overflow:\n",
182 		type_is_signed(type) ? "signed" : "unsigned");
183 	pr_err("%s %c %s cannot be represented in type %s\n",
184 		lhs_val_str,
185 		op,
186 		rhs_val_str,
187 		type->type_name);
188 
189 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
190 }
191 
192 void __ubsan_handle_add_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
193 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
194 {
195 
196 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '+');
197 }
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_add_overflow);
199 
200 void __ubsan_handle_sub_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
201 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
202 {
203 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '-');
204 }
205 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_sub_overflow);
206 
207 void __ubsan_handle_mul_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
208 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
209 {
210 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '*');
211 }
212 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_mul_overflow);
213 
214 void __ubsan_handle_negate_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
215 				void *old_val)
216 {
217 	unsigned long flags;
218 	char old_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
219 
220 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
221 		return;
222 
223 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
224 
225 	val_to_string(old_val_str, sizeof(old_val_str), data->type, old_val);
226 
227 	pr_err("negation of %s cannot be represented in type %s:\n",
228 		old_val_str, data->type->type_name);
229 
230 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
231 }
232 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_negate_overflow);
233 
234 
235 void __ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
236 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
237 {
238 	unsigned long flags;
239 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
240 
241 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
242 		return;
243 
244 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
245 
246 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), data->type, rhs);
247 
248 	if (type_is_signed(data->type) && get_signed_val(data->type, rhs) == -1)
249 		pr_err("division of %s by -1 cannot be represented in type %s\n",
250 			rhs_val_str, data->type->type_name);
251 	else
252 		pr_err("division by zero\n");
253 
254 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
255 }
256 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow);
257 
258 static void handle_null_ptr_deref(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data)
259 {
260 	unsigned long flags;
261 
262 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
263 		return;
264 
265 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
266 
267 	pr_err("%s null pointer of type %s\n",
268 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
269 		data->type->type_name);
270 
271 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
272 }
273 
274 static void handle_misaligned_access(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
275 				unsigned long ptr)
276 {
277 	unsigned long flags;
278 
279 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
280 		return;
281 
282 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
283 
284 	pr_err("%s misaligned address %p for type %s\n",
285 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
286 		(void *)ptr, data->type->type_name);
287 	pr_err("which requires %ld byte alignment\n", data->alignment);
288 
289 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
290 }
291 
292 static void handle_object_size_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
293 					unsigned long ptr)
294 {
295 	unsigned long flags;
296 
297 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
298 		return;
299 
300 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
301 	pr_err("%s address %p with insufficient space\n",
302 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
303 		(void *) ptr);
304 	pr_err("for an object of type %s\n", data->type->type_name);
305 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
306 }
307 
308 static void ubsan_type_mismatch_common(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
309 				unsigned long ptr)
310 {
311 	unsigned long flags = user_access_save();
312 
313 	if (!ptr)
314 		handle_null_ptr_deref(data);
315 	else if (data->alignment && !IS_ALIGNED(ptr, data->alignment))
316 		handle_misaligned_access(data, ptr);
317 	else
318 		handle_object_size_mismatch(data, ptr);
319 
320 	user_access_restore(flags);
321 }
322 
323 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data *data,
324 				void *ptr)
325 {
326 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
327 		.location = &data->location,
328 		.type = data->type,
329 		.alignment = data->alignment,
330 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
331 	};
332 
333 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
334 }
335 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch);
336 
337 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1(struct type_mismatch_data_v1 *data,
338 				void *ptr)
339 {
340 
341 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
342 		.location = &data->location,
343 		.type = data->type,
344 		.alignment = 1UL << data->log_alignment,
345 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
346 	};
347 
348 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
349 }
350 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1);
351 
352 void __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds(struct out_of_bounds_data *data, void *index)
353 {
354 	unsigned long flags;
355 	char index_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
356 
357 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
358 		return;
359 
360 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
361 
362 	val_to_string(index_str, sizeof(index_str), data->index_type, index);
363 	pr_err("index %s is out of range for type %s\n", index_str,
364 		data->array_type->type_name);
365 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
366 }
367 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds);
368 
369 void __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds(struct shift_out_of_bounds_data *data,
370 					void *lhs, void *rhs)
371 {
372 	unsigned long flags;
373 	struct type_descriptor *rhs_type = data->rhs_type;
374 	struct type_descriptor *lhs_type = data->lhs_type;
375 	char rhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
376 	char lhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
377 
378 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
379 		return;
380 
381 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
382 
383 	val_to_string(rhs_str, sizeof(rhs_str), rhs_type, rhs);
384 	val_to_string(lhs_str, sizeof(lhs_str), lhs_type, lhs);
385 
386 	if (val_is_negative(rhs_type, rhs))
387 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is negative\n", rhs_str);
388 
389 	else if (get_unsigned_val(rhs_type, rhs) >=
390 		type_bit_width(lhs_type))
391 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is too large for %u-bit type %s\n",
392 			rhs_str,
393 			type_bit_width(lhs_type),
394 			lhs_type->type_name);
395 	else if (val_is_negative(lhs_type, lhs))
396 		pr_err("left shift of negative value %s\n",
397 			lhs_str);
398 	else
399 		pr_err("left shift of %s by %s places cannot be"
400 			" represented in type %s\n",
401 			lhs_str, rhs_str,
402 			lhs_type->type_name);
403 
404 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
405 }
406 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds);
407 
408 
409 void __ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable(struct unreachable_data *data)
410 {
411 	unsigned long flags;
412 
413 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
414 	pr_err("calling __builtin_unreachable()\n");
415 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
416 	panic("can't return from __builtin_unreachable()");
417 }
418 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable);
419 
420 void __ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value(struct invalid_value_data *data,
421 				void *val)
422 {
423 	unsigned long flags;
424 	char val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
425 
426 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
427 		return;
428 
429 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
430 
431 	val_to_string(val_str, sizeof(val_str), data->type, val);
432 
433 	pr_err("load of value %s is not a valid value for type %s\n",
434 		val_str, data->type->type_name);
435 
436 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
437 }
438 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value);
439