1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 2 3 /* 4 * Test module for stress and analyze performance of vmalloc allocator. 5 * (C) 2018 Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com> 6 */ 7 #include <linux/init.h> 8 #include <linux/kernel.h> 9 #include <linux/module.h> 10 #include <linux/vmalloc.h> 11 #include <linux/random.h> 12 #include <linux/kthread.h> 13 #include <linux/moduleparam.h> 14 #include <linux/completion.h> 15 #include <linux/delay.h> 16 #include <linux/rwsem.h> 17 #include <linux/mm.h> 18 #include <linux/rcupdate.h> 19 #include <linux/slab.h> 20 21 #define __param(type, name, init, msg) \ 22 static type name = init; \ 23 module_param(name, type, 0444); \ 24 MODULE_PARM_DESC(name, msg) \ 25 26 __param(int, nr_threads, 0, 27 "Number of workers to perform tests(min: 1 max: USHRT_MAX)"); 28 29 __param(bool, sequential_test_order, false, 30 "Use sequential stress tests order"); 31 32 __param(int, test_repeat_count, 1, 33 "Set test repeat counter"); 34 35 __param(int, test_loop_count, 1000000, 36 "Set test loop counter"); 37 38 __param(int, nr_pages, 0, 39 "Set number of pages for fix_size_alloc_test(default: 1)"); 40 41 __param(bool, use_huge, false, 42 "Use vmalloc_huge in fix_size_alloc_test"); 43 44 __param(int, run_test_mask, INT_MAX, 45 "Set tests specified in the mask.\n\n" 46 "\t\tid: 1, name: fix_size_alloc_test\n" 47 "\t\tid: 2, name: full_fit_alloc_test\n" 48 "\t\tid: 4, name: long_busy_list_alloc_test\n" 49 "\t\tid: 8, name: random_size_alloc_test\n" 50 "\t\tid: 16, name: fix_align_alloc_test\n" 51 "\t\tid: 32, name: random_size_align_alloc_test\n" 52 "\t\tid: 64, name: align_shift_alloc_test\n" 53 "\t\tid: 128, name: pcpu_alloc_test\n" 54 "\t\tid: 256, name: kvfree_rcu_1_arg_vmalloc_test\n" 55 "\t\tid: 512, name: kvfree_rcu_2_arg_vmalloc_test\n" 56 /* Add a new test case description here. */ 57 ); 58 59 /* 60 * Read write semaphore for synchronization of setup 61 * phase that is done in main thread and workers. 62 */ 63 static DECLARE_RWSEM(prepare_for_test_rwsem); 64 65 /* 66 * Completion tracking for worker threads. 67 */ 68 static DECLARE_COMPLETION(test_all_done_comp); 69 static atomic_t test_n_undone = ATOMIC_INIT(0); 70 71 static inline void 72 test_report_one_done(void) 73 { 74 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&test_n_undone)) 75 complete(&test_all_done_comp); 76 } 77 78 static int random_size_align_alloc_test(void) 79 { 80 unsigned long size, align; 81 unsigned int rnd; 82 void *ptr; 83 int i; 84 85 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 86 rnd = get_random_u8(); 87 88 /* 89 * Maximum 1024 pages, if PAGE_SIZE is 4096. 90 */ 91 align = 1 << (rnd % 23); 92 93 /* 94 * Maximum 10 pages. 95 */ 96 size = ((rnd % 10) + 1) * PAGE_SIZE; 97 98 ptr = __vmalloc_node(size, align, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, 0, 99 __builtin_return_address(0)); 100 if (!ptr) 101 return -1; 102 103 vfree(ptr); 104 } 105 106 return 0; 107 } 108 109 /* 110 * This test case is supposed to be failed. 111 */ 112 static int align_shift_alloc_test(void) 113 { 114 unsigned long align; 115 void *ptr; 116 int i; 117 118 for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_LONG; i++) { 119 align = ((unsigned long) 1) << i; 120 121 ptr = __vmalloc_node(PAGE_SIZE, align, GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO, 0, 122 __builtin_return_address(0)); 123 if (!ptr) 124 return -1; 125 126 vfree(ptr); 127 } 128 129 return 0; 130 } 131 132 static int fix_align_alloc_test(void) 133 { 134 void *ptr; 135 int i; 136 137 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 138 ptr = __vmalloc_node(5 * PAGE_SIZE, THREAD_ALIGN << 1, 139 GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, 0, 140 __builtin_return_address(0)); 141 if (!ptr) 142 return -1; 143 144 vfree(ptr); 145 } 146 147 return 0; 148 } 149 150 static int random_size_alloc_test(void) 151 { 152 unsigned int n; 153 void *p; 154 int i; 155 156 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 157 n = get_random_u32_inclusive(1, 100); 158 p = vmalloc(n * PAGE_SIZE); 159 160 if (!p) 161 return -1; 162 163 *((__u8 *)p) = 1; 164 vfree(p); 165 } 166 167 return 0; 168 } 169 170 static int long_busy_list_alloc_test(void) 171 { 172 void *ptr_1, *ptr_2; 173 void **ptr; 174 int rv = -1; 175 int i; 176 177 ptr = vmalloc(sizeof(void *) * 15000); 178 if (!ptr) 179 return rv; 180 181 for (i = 0; i < 15000; i++) 182 ptr[i] = vmalloc(1 * PAGE_SIZE); 183 184 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 185 ptr_1 = vmalloc(100 * PAGE_SIZE); 186 if (!ptr_1) 187 goto leave; 188 189 ptr_2 = vmalloc(1 * PAGE_SIZE); 190 if (!ptr_2) { 191 vfree(ptr_1); 192 goto leave; 193 } 194 195 *((__u8 *)ptr_1) = 0; 196 *((__u8 *)ptr_2) = 1; 197 198 vfree(ptr_1); 199 vfree(ptr_2); 200 } 201 202 /* Success */ 203 rv = 0; 204 205 leave: 206 for (i = 0; i < 15000; i++) 207 vfree(ptr[i]); 208 209 vfree(ptr); 210 return rv; 211 } 212 213 static int full_fit_alloc_test(void) 214 { 215 void **ptr, **junk_ptr, *tmp; 216 int junk_length; 217 int rv = -1; 218 int i; 219 220 junk_length = fls(num_online_cpus()); 221 junk_length *= (32 * 1024 * 1024 / PAGE_SIZE); 222 223 ptr = vmalloc(sizeof(void *) * junk_length); 224 if (!ptr) 225 return rv; 226 227 junk_ptr = vmalloc(sizeof(void *) * junk_length); 228 if (!junk_ptr) { 229 vfree(ptr); 230 return rv; 231 } 232 233 for (i = 0; i < junk_length; i++) { 234 ptr[i] = vmalloc(1 * PAGE_SIZE); 235 junk_ptr[i] = vmalloc(1 * PAGE_SIZE); 236 } 237 238 for (i = 0; i < junk_length; i++) 239 vfree(junk_ptr[i]); 240 241 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 242 tmp = vmalloc(1 * PAGE_SIZE); 243 244 if (!tmp) 245 goto error; 246 247 *((__u8 *)tmp) = 1; 248 vfree(tmp); 249 } 250 251 /* Success */ 252 rv = 0; 253 254 error: 255 for (i = 0; i < junk_length; i++) 256 vfree(ptr[i]); 257 258 vfree(ptr); 259 vfree(junk_ptr); 260 261 return rv; 262 } 263 264 static int fix_size_alloc_test(void) 265 { 266 void *ptr; 267 int i; 268 269 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 270 if (use_huge) 271 ptr = vmalloc_huge((nr_pages > 0 ? nr_pages:1) * PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL); 272 else 273 ptr = vmalloc((nr_pages > 0 ? nr_pages:1) * PAGE_SIZE); 274 275 if (!ptr) 276 return -1; 277 278 *((__u8 *)ptr) = 0; 279 280 vfree(ptr); 281 } 282 283 return 0; 284 } 285 286 static int 287 pcpu_alloc_test(void) 288 { 289 int rv = 0; 290 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_PER_CPU_KM 291 void __percpu **pcpu; 292 size_t size, align; 293 int i; 294 295 pcpu = vmalloc(sizeof(void __percpu *) * 35000); 296 if (!pcpu) 297 return -1; 298 299 for (i = 0; i < 35000; i++) { 300 size = get_random_u32_inclusive(1, PAGE_SIZE / 4); 301 302 /* 303 * Maximum PAGE_SIZE 304 */ 305 align = 1 << get_random_u32_inclusive(1, 11); 306 307 pcpu[i] = __alloc_percpu(size, align); 308 if (!pcpu[i]) 309 rv = -1; 310 } 311 312 for (i = 0; i < 35000; i++) 313 free_percpu(pcpu[i]); 314 315 vfree(pcpu); 316 #endif 317 return rv; 318 } 319 320 struct test_kvfree_rcu { 321 struct rcu_head rcu; 322 unsigned char array[20]; 323 }; 324 325 static int 326 kvfree_rcu_1_arg_vmalloc_test(void) 327 { 328 struct test_kvfree_rcu *p; 329 int i; 330 331 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 332 p = vmalloc(1 * PAGE_SIZE); 333 if (!p) 334 return -1; 335 336 p->array[0] = 'a'; 337 kvfree_rcu_mightsleep(p); 338 } 339 340 return 0; 341 } 342 343 static int 344 kvfree_rcu_2_arg_vmalloc_test(void) 345 { 346 struct test_kvfree_rcu *p; 347 int i; 348 349 for (i = 0; i < test_loop_count; i++) { 350 p = vmalloc(1 * PAGE_SIZE); 351 if (!p) 352 return -1; 353 354 p->array[0] = 'a'; 355 kvfree_rcu(p, rcu); 356 } 357 358 return 0; 359 } 360 361 struct test_case_desc { 362 const char *test_name; 363 int (*test_func)(void); 364 }; 365 366 static struct test_case_desc test_case_array[] = { 367 { "fix_size_alloc_test", fix_size_alloc_test }, 368 { "full_fit_alloc_test", full_fit_alloc_test }, 369 { "long_busy_list_alloc_test", long_busy_list_alloc_test }, 370 { "random_size_alloc_test", random_size_alloc_test }, 371 { "fix_align_alloc_test", fix_align_alloc_test }, 372 { "random_size_align_alloc_test", random_size_align_alloc_test }, 373 { "align_shift_alloc_test", align_shift_alloc_test }, 374 { "pcpu_alloc_test", pcpu_alloc_test }, 375 { "kvfree_rcu_1_arg_vmalloc_test", kvfree_rcu_1_arg_vmalloc_test }, 376 { "kvfree_rcu_2_arg_vmalloc_test", kvfree_rcu_2_arg_vmalloc_test }, 377 /* Add a new test case here. */ 378 }; 379 380 struct test_case_data { 381 int test_failed; 382 int test_passed; 383 u64 time; 384 }; 385 386 static struct test_driver { 387 struct task_struct *task; 388 struct test_case_data data[ARRAY_SIZE(test_case_array)]; 389 390 unsigned long start; 391 unsigned long stop; 392 } *tdriver; 393 394 static void shuffle_array(int *arr, int n) 395 { 396 int i, j; 397 398 for (i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) { 399 /* Cut the range. */ 400 j = get_random_u32_below(i); 401 402 /* Swap indexes. */ 403 swap(arr[i], arr[j]); 404 } 405 } 406 407 static int test_func(void *private) 408 { 409 struct test_driver *t = private; 410 int random_array[ARRAY_SIZE(test_case_array)]; 411 int index, i, j; 412 ktime_t kt; 413 u64 delta; 414 415 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test_case_array); i++) 416 random_array[i] = i; 417 418 if (!sequential_test_order) 419 shuffle_array(random_array, ARRAY_SIZE(test_case_array)); 420 421 /* 422 * Block until initialization is done. 423 */ 424 down_read(&prepare_for_test_rwsem); 425 426 t->start = get_cycles(); 427 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test_case_array); i++) { 428 index = random_array[i]; 429 430 /* 431 * Skip tests if run_test_mask has been specified. 432 */ 433 if (!((run_test_mask & (1 << index)) >> index)) 434 continue; 435 436 kt = ktime_get(); 437 for (j = 0; j < test_repeat_count; j++) { 438 if (!test_case_array[index].test_func()) 439 t->data[index].test_passed++; 440 else 441 t->data[index].test_failed++; 442 } 443 444 /* 445 * Take an average time that test took. 446 */ 447 delta = (u64) ktime_us_delta(ktime_get(), kt); 448 do_div(delta, (u32) test_repeat_count); 449 450 t->data[index].time = delta; 451 } 452 t->stop = get_cycles(); 453 454 up_read(&prepare_for_test_rwsem); 455 test_report_one_done(); 456 457 /* 458 * Wait for the kthread_stop() call. 459 */ 460 while (!kthread_should_stop()) 461 msleep(10); 462 463 return 0; 464 } 465 466 static int 467 init_test_configurtion(void) 468 { 469 /* 470 * A maximum number of workers is defined as hard-coded 471 * value and set to USHRT_MAX. We add such gap just in 472 * case and for potential heavy stressing. 473 */ 474 nr_threads = clamp(nr_threads, 1, (int) USHRT_MAX); 475 476 /* Allocate the space for test instances. */ 477 tdriver = kvcalloc(nr_threads, sizeof(*tdriver), GFP_KERNEL); 478 if (tdriver == NULL) 479 return -1; 480 481 if (test_repeat_count <= 0) 482 test_repeat_count = 1; 483 484 if (test_loop_count <= 0) 485 test_loop_count = 1; 486 487 return 0; 488 } 489 490 static void do_concurrent_test(void) 491 { 492 int i, ret; 493 494 /* 495 * Set some basic configurations plus sanity check. 496 */ 497 ret = init_test_configurtion(); 498 if (ret < 0) 499 return; 500 501 /* 502 * Put on hold all workers. 503 */ 504 down_write(&prepare_for_test_rwsem); 505 506 for (i = 0; i < nr_threads; i++) { 507 struct test_driver *t = &tdriver[i]; 508 509 t->task = kthread_run(test_func, t, "vmalloc_test/%d", i); 510 511 if (!IS_ERR(t->task)) 512 /* Success. */ 513 atomic_inc(&test_n_undone); 514 else 515 pr_err("Failed to start %d kthread\n", i); 516 } 517 518 /* 519 * Now let the workers do their job. 520 */ 521 up_write(&prepare_for_test_rwsem); 522 523 /* 524 * Sleep quiet until all workers are done with 1 second 525 * interval. Since the test can take a lot of time we 526 * can run into a stack trace of the hung task. That is 527 * why we go with completion_timeout and HZ value. 528 */ 529 do { 530 ret = wait_for_completion_timeout(&test_all_done_comp, HZ); 531 } while (!ret); 532 533 for (i = 0; i < nr_threads; i++) { 534 struct test_driver *t = &tdriver[i]; 535 int j; 536 537 if (!IS_ERR(t->task)) 538 kthread_stop(t->task); 539 540 for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(test_case_array); j++) { 541 if (!((run_test_mask & (1 << j)) >> j)) 542 continue; 543 544 pr_info( 545 "Summary: %s passed: %d failed: %d repeat: %d loops: %d avg: %llu usec\n", 546 test_case_array[j].test_name, 547 t->data[j].test_passed, 548 t->data[j].test_failed, 549 test_repeat_count, test_loop_count, 550 t->data[j].time); 551 } 552 553 pr_info("All test took worker%d=%lu cycles\n", 554 i, t->stop - t->start); 555 } 556 557 kvfree(tdriver); 558 } 559 560 static int vmalloc_test_init(void) 561 { 562 do_concurrent_test(); 563 return -EAGAIN; /* Fail will directly unload the module */ 564 } 565 566 static void vmalloc_test_exit(void) 567 { 568 } 569 570 module_init(vmalloc_test_init) 571 module_exit(vmalloc_test_exit) 572 573 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); 574 MODULE_AUTHOR("Uladzislau Rezki"); 575 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("vmalloc test module"); 576