xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/sched/membarrier.c (revision ae213c44)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2010-2017 Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
3  *
4  * membarrier system call
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9  * (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
15  */
16 #include "sched.h"
17 
18 /*
19  * Bitmask made from a "or" of all commands within enum membarrier_cmd,
20  * except MEMBARRIER_CMD_QUERY.
21  */
22 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_MEMBARRIER_SYNC_CORE
23 #define MEMBARRIER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE_BITMASK			\
24 	(MEMBARRIER_CMD_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE			\
25 	| MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE)
26 #else
27 #define MEMBARRIER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE_BITMASK	0
28 #endif
29 
30 #define MEMBARRIER_CMD_BITMASK						\
31 	(MEMBARRIER_CMD_GLOBAL | MEMBARRIER_CMD_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED	\
32 	| MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED			\
33 	| MEMBARRIER_CMD_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED				\
34 	| MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED			\
35 	| MEMBARRIER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE_BITMASK)
36 
37 static void ipi_mb(void *info)
38 {
39 	smp_mb();	/* IPIs should be serializing but paranoid. */
40 }
41 
42 static int membarrier_global_expedited(void)
43 {
44 	int cpu;
45 	bool fallback = false;
46 	cpumask_var_t tmpmask;
47 
48 	if (num_online_cpus() == 1)
49 		return 0;
50 
51 	/*
52 	 * Matches memory barriers around rq->curr modification in
53 	 * scheduler.
54 	 */
55 	smp_mb();	/* system call entry is not a mb. */
56 
57 	/*
58 	 * Expedited membarrier commands guarantee that they won't
59 	 * block, hence the GFP_NOWAIT allocation flag and fallback
60 	 * implementation.
61 	 */
62 	if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&tmpmask, GFP_NOWAIT)) {
63 		/* Fallback for OOM. */
64 		fallback = true;
65 	}
66 
67 	cpus_read_lock();
68 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
69 		struct task_struct *p;
70 
71 		/*
72 		 * Skipping the current CPU is OK even through we can be
73 		 * migrated at any point. The current CPU, at the point
74 		 * where we read raw_smp_processor_id(), is ensured to
75 		 * be in program order with respect to the caller
76 		 * thread. Therefore, we can skip this CPU from the
77 		 * iteration.
78 		 */
79 		if (cpu == raw_smp_processor_id())
80 			continue;
81 
82 		rcu_read_lock();
83 		p = task_rcu_dereference(&cpu_rq(cpu)->curr);
84 		if (p && p->mm && (atomic_read(&p->mm->membarrier_state) &
85 				   MEMBARRIER_STATE_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED)) {
86 			if (!fallback)
87 				__cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, tmpmask);
88 			else
89 				smp_call_function_single(cpu, ipi_mb, NULL, 1);
90 		}
91 		rcu_read_unlock();
92 	}
93 	if (!fallback) {
94 		preempt_disable();
95 		smp_call_function_many(tmpmask, ipi_mb, NULL, 1);
96 		preempt_enable();
97 		free_cpumask_var(tmpmask);
98 	}
99 	cpus_read_unlock();
100 
101 	/*
102 	 * Memory barrier on the caller thread _after_ we finished
103 	 * waiting for the last IPI. Matches memory barriers around
104 	 * rq->curr modification in scheduler.
105 	 */
106 	smp_mb();	/* exit from system call is not a mb */
107 	return 0;
108 }
109 
110 static int membarrier_private_expedited(int flags)
111 {
112 	int cpu;
113 	bool fallback = false;
114 	cpumask_var_t tmpmask;
115 
116 	if (flags & MEMBARRIER_FLAG_SYNC_CORE) {
117 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_MEMBARRIER_SYNC_CORE))
118 			return -EINVAL;
119 		if (!(atomic_read(&current->mm->membarrier_state) &
120 		      MEMBARRIER_STATE_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE_READY))
121 			return -EPERM;
122 	} else {
123 		if (!(atomic_read(&current->mm->membarrier_state) &
124 		      MEMBARRIER_STATE_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_READY))
125 			return -EPERM;
126 	}
127 
128 	if (num_online_cpus() == 1)
129 		return 0;
130 
131 	/*
132 	 * Matches memory barriers around rq->curr modification in
133 	 * scheduler.
134 	 */
135 	smp_mb();	/* system call entry is not a mb. */
136 
137 	/*
138 	 * Expedited membarrier commands guarantee that they won't
139 	 * block, hence the GFP_NOWAIT allocation flag and fallback
140 	 * implementation.
141 	 */
142 	if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&tmpmask, GFP_NOWAIT)) {
143 		/* Fallback for OOM. */
144 		fallback = true;
145 	}
146 
147 	cpus_read_lock();
148 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
149 		struct task_struct *p;
150 
151 		/*
152 		 * Skipping the current CPU is OK even through we can be
153 		 * migrated at any point. The current CPU, at the point
154 		 * where we read raw_smp_processor_id(), is ensured to
155 		 * be in program order with respect to the caller
156 		 * thread. Therefore, we can skip this CPU from the
157 		 * iteration.
158 		 */
159 		if (cpu == raw_smp_processor_id())
160 			continue;
161 		rcu_read_lock();
162 		p = task_rcu_dereference(&cpu_rq(cpu)->curr);
163 		if (p && p->mm == current->mm) {
164 			if (!fallback)
165 				__cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, tmpmask);
166 			else
167 				smp_call_function_single(cpu, ipi_mb, NULL, 1);
168 		}
169 		rcu_read_unlock();
170 	}
171 	if (!fallback) {
172 		preempt_disable();
173 		smp_call_function_many(tmpmask, ipi_mb, NULL, 1);
174 		preempt_enable();
175 		free_cpumask_var(tmpmask);
176 	}
177 	cpus_read_unlock();
178 
179 	/*
180 	 * Memory barrier on the caller thread _after_ we finished
181 	 * waiting for the last IPI. Matches memory barriers around
182 	 * rq->curr modification in scheduler.
183 	 */
184 	smp_mb();	/* exit from system call is not a mb */
185 
186 	return 0;
187 }
188 
189 static int membarrier_register_global_expedited(void)
190 {
191 	struct task_struct *p = current;
192 	struct mm_struct *mm = p->mm;
193 
194 	if (atomic_read(&mm->membarrier_state) &
195 	    MEMBARRIER_STATE_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED_READY)
196 		return 0;
197 	atomic_or(MEMBARRIER_STATE_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED, &mm->membarrier_state);
198 	if (atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) == 1 && get_nr_threads(p) == 1) {
199 		/*
200 		 * For single mm user, single threaded process, we can
201 		 * simply issue a memory barrier after setting
202 		 * MEMBARRIER_STATE_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED to guarantee that
203 		 * no memory access following registration is reordered
204 		 * before registration.
205 		 */
206 		smp_mb();
207 	} else {
208 		/*
209 		 * For multi-mm user threads, we need to ensure all
210 		 * future scheduler executions will observe the new
211 		 * thread flag state for this mm.
212 		 */
213 		synchronize_rcu();
214 	}
215 	atomic_or(MEMBARRIER_STATE_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED_READY,
216 		  &mm->membarrier_state);
217 
218 	return 0;
219 }
220 
221 static int membarrier_register_private_expedited(int flags)
222 {
223 	struct task_struct *p = current;
224 	struct mm_struct *mm = p->mm;
225 	int state = MEMBARRIER_STATE_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_READY;
226 
227 	if (flags & MEMBARRIER_FLAG_SYNC_CORE) {
228 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_MEMBARRIER_SYNC_CORE))
229 			return -EINVAL;
230 		state = MEMBARRIER_STATE_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE_READY;
231 	}
232 
233 	/*
234 	 * We need to consider threads belonging to different thread
235 	 * groups, which use the same mm. (CLONE_VM but not
236 	 * CLONE_THREAD).
237 	 */
238 	if (atomic_read(&mm->membarrier_state) & state)
239 		return 0;
240 	atomic_or(MEMBARRIER_STATE_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED, &mm->membarrier_state);
241 	if (flags & MEMBARRIER_FLAG_SYNC_CORE)
242 		atomic_or(MEMBARRIER_STATE_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE,
243 			  &mm->membarrier_state);
244 	if (!(atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) == 1 && get_nr_threads(p) == 1)) {
245 		/*
246 		 * Ensure all future scheduler executions will observe the
247 		 * new thread flag state for this process.
248 		 */
249 		synchronize_rcu();
250 	}
251 	atomic_or(state, &mm->membarrier_state);
252 
253 	return 0;
254 }
255 
256 /**
257  * sys_membarrier - issue memory barriers on a set of threads
258  * @cmd:   Takes command values defined in enum membarrier_cmd.
259  * @flags: Currently needs to be 0. For future extensions.
260  *
261  * If this system call is not implemented, -ENOSYS is returned. If the
262  * command specified does not exist, not available on the running
263  * kernel, or if the command argument is invalid, this system call
264  * returns -EINVAL. For a given command, with flags argument set to 0,
265  * this system call is guaranteed to always return the same value until
266  * reboot.
267  *
268  * All memory accesses performed in program order from each targeted thread
269  * is guaranteed to be ordered with respect to sys_membarrier(). If we use
270  * the semantic "barrier()" to represent a compiler barrier forcing memory
271  * accesses to be performed in program order across the barrier, and
272  * smp_mb() to represent explicit memory barriers forcing full memory
273  * ordering across the barrier, we have the following ordering table for
274  * each pair of barrier(), sys_membarrier() and smp_mb():
275  *
276  * The pair ordering is detailed as (O: ordered, X: not ordered):
277  *
278  *                        barrier()   smp_mb() sys_membarrier()
279  *        barrier()          X           X            O
280  *        smp_mb()           X           O            O
281  *        sys_membarrier()   O           O            O
282  */
283 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(membarrier, int, cmd, int, flags)
284 {
285 	if (unlikely(flags))
286 		return -EINVAL;
287 	switch (cmd) {
288 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_QUERY:
289 	{
290 		int cmd_mask = MEMBARRIER_CMD_BITMASK;
291 
292 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled())
293 			cmd_mask &= ~MEMBARRIER_CMD_GLOBAL;
294 		return cmd_mask;
295 	}
296 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_GLOBAL:
297 		/* MEMBARRIER_CMD_GLOBAL is not compatible with nohz_full. */
298 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled())
299 			return -EINVAL;
300 		if (num_online_cpus() > 1)
301 			synchronize_rcu();
302 		return 0;
303 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED:
304 		return membarrier_global_expedited();
305 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_GLOBAL_EXPEDITED:
306 		return membarrier_register_global_expedited();
307 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED:
308 		return membarrier_private_expedited(0);
309 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED:
310 		return membarrier_register_private_expedited(0);
311 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE:
312 		return membarrier_private_expedited(MEMBARRIER_FLAG_SYNC_CORE);
313 	case MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED_SYNC_CORE:
314 		return membarrier_register_private_expedited(MEMBARRIER_FLAG_SYNC_CORE);
315 	default:
316 		return -EINVAL;
317 	}
318 }
319