xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision e5c86679)
1 /*
2  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7  * (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
16  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
17  *
18  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
19  *
20  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
21  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
22  *
23  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.txt
24  */
25 #include <linux/types.h>
26 #include <linux/kernel.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/module.h>
29 #include <linux/kthread.h>
30 #include <linux/err.h>
31 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
32 #include <linux/smp.h>
33 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
34 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
35 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
36 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
37 #include <linux/atomic.h>
38 #include <linux/bitops.h>
39 #include <linux/completion.h>
40 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
41 #include <linux/percpu.h>
42 #include <linux/notifier.h>
43 #include <linux/reboot.h>
44 #include <linux/freezer.h>
45 #include <linux/cpu.h>
46 #include <linux/delay.h>
47 #include <linux/stat.h>
48 #include <linux/srcu.h>
49 #include <linux/slab.h>
50 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
51 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
52 #include <linux/torture.h>
53 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
54 
55 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
56 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
57 
58 
59 torture_param(int, cbflood_inter_holdoff, HZ,
60 	      "Holdoff between floods (jiffies)");
61 torture_param(int, cbflood_intra_holdoff, 1,
62 	      "Holdoff between bursts (jiffies)");
63 torture_param(int, cbflood_n_burst, 3, "# bursts in flood, zero to disable");
64 torture_param(int, cbflood_n_per_burst, 20000,
65 	      "# callbacks per burst in flood");
66 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
67 	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
68 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
69 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
70 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
71 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
72 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
73 	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
74 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
75 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
76 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
77 	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
78 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
79 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
80 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
81 	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
82 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
83 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
84 	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (s), 0=disable");
85 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
86 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
87 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
88 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
89 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
90 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
91 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
92 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
93 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
94 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
95 	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
96 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
97 	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
98 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
99 	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
100 torture_param(bool, verbose, true,
101 	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
102 
103 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
104 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
105 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, rcu_bh, ...)");
106 
107 static int nrealreaders;
108 static int ncbflooders;
109 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
110 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
111 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
112 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
113 static struct task_struct **cbflood_task;
114 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
115 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
116 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
117 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
118 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
119 
120 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
121 
122 struct rcu_torture {
123 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
124 	int rtort_pipe_count;
125 	struct list_head rtort_free;
126 	int rtort_mbtest;
127 };
128 
129 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
130 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
131 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
132 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
133 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
134 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
135 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
136 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
137 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
138 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
139 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
140 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
141 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
142 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
143 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
144 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
145 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
146 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
147 static long n_rcu_torture_timers;
148 static long n_barrier_attempts;
149 static long n_barrier_successes;
150 static atomic_long_t n_cbfloods;
151 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
152 
153 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
154 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
155 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
156 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
157 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
158 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
159 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
160 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
161 #define RTWS_SYNC		7
162 #define RTWS_STUTTER		8
163 #define RTWS_STOPPING		9
164 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
165 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
166 	"RTWS_DELAY",
167 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
168 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
169 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
170 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
171 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
172 	"RTWS_SYNC",
173 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
174 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
175 };
176 
177 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
178 {
179 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
180 
181 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
182 		return "???";
183 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
184 }
185 
186 static int torture_runnable = IS_ENABLED(MODULE);
187 module_param(torture_runnable, int, 0444);
188 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_runnable, "Start rcutorture at boot");
189 
190 #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
191 #define rcu_can_boost() 1
192 #else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
193 #define rcu_can_boost() 0
194 #endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
195 
196 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
197 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
198 {
199 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
200 	unsigned long __maybe_unused ts_rem = do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
201 	return ts;
202 }
203 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
204 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
205 {
206 	return 0ULL;
207 }
208 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
209 
210 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
211 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
212 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
213 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
214 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
215 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
216 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
217 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
218 
219 /*
220  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
221  */
222 static struct rcu_torture *
223 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
224 {
225 	struct list_head *p;
226 
227 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
228 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
229 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
230 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
231 		return NULL;
232 	}
233 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
234 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
235 	list_del_init(p);
236 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
237 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
238 }
239 
240 /*
241  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
242  */
243 static void
244 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
245 {
246 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
247 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
248 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
249 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
250 }
251 
252 /*
253  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
254  */
255 
256 struct rcu_torture_ops {
257 	int ttype;
258 	void (*init)(void);
259 	void (*cleanup)(void);
260 	int (*readlock)(void);
261 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp);
262 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
263 	unsigned long (*started)(void);
264 	unsigned long (*completed)(void);
265 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
266 	void (*sync)(void);
267 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
268 	unsigned long (*get_state)(void);
269 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
270 	call_rcu_func_t call;
271 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
272 	void (*fqs)(void);
273 	void (*stats)(void);
274 	int irq_capable;
275 	int can_boost;
276 	const char *name;
277 };
278 
279 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
280 
281 /*
282  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
283  */
284 
285 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
286 {
287 	rcu_read_lock();
288 	return 0;
289 }
290 
291 static void rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp)
292 {
293 	unsigned long started;
294 	unsigned long completed;
295 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
296 	const unsigned long longdelay_ms = 50;
297 	unsigned long long ts;
298 
299 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
300 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
301 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
302 
303 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
304 		started = cur_ops->completed();
305 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
306 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
307 		completed = cur_ops->completed();
308 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
309 					  started, completed);
310 	}
311 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us)))
312 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
313 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
314 	if (!preempt_count() &&
315 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 20000)))
316 		preempt_schedule();  /* No QS if preempt_disable() in effect */
317 #endif
318 }
319 
320 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
321 {
322 	rcu_read_unlock();
323 }
324 
325 /*
326  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
327  */
328 static bool
329 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
330 {
331 	int i;
332 
333 	i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
334 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
335 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
336 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
337 	if (++rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
338 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
339 		return true;
340 	}
341 	return false;
342 }
343 
344 /*
345  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
346  * primitives.
347  */
348 static void
349 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
350 {
351 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
352 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
353 
354 	if (old_rp)
355 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
356 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
357 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
358 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
359 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
360 		}
361 	}
362 }
363 
364 static void
365 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
366 {
367 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
368 
369 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
370 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
371 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
372 		return;
373 	}
374 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
375 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
376 	else
377 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
378 }
379 
380 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
381 {
382 	return 0;
383 }
384 
385 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
386 {
387 	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
388 }
389 
390 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
391 {
392 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
393 }
394 
395 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
396 	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
397 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
398 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
399 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
400 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
401 	.started	= rcu_batches_started,
402 	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed,
403 	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
404 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
405 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
406 	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
407 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
408 	.call		= call_rcu,
409 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
410 	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
411 	.stats		= NULL,
412 	.irq_capable	= 1,
413 	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
414 	.name		= "rcu"
415 };
416 
417 /*
418  * Definitions for rcu_bh torture testing.
419  */
420 
421 static int rcu_bh_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU_BH)
422 {
423 	rcu_read_lock_bh();
424 	return 0;
425 }
426 
427 static void rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU_BH)
428 {
429 	rcu_read_unlock_bh();
430 }
431 
432 static void rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
433 {
434 	call_rcu_bh(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
435 }
436 
437 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_bh_ops = {
438 	.ttype		= RCU_BH_FLAVOR,
439 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
440 	.readlock	= rcu_bh_torture_read_lock,
441 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
442 	.readunlock	= rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock,
443 	.started	= rcu_batches_started_bh,
444 	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed_bh,
445 	.deferred_free	= rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free,
446 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_bh,
447 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited,
448 	.call		= call_rcu_bh,
449 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_bh,
450 	.fqs		= rcu_bh_force_quiescent_state,
451 	.stats		= NULL,
452 	.irq_capable	= 1,
453 	.name		= "rcu_bh"
454 };
455 
456 /*
457  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
458  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
459  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
460  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
461  * buggy-RCU error messages.
462  */
463 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
464 {
465 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
466 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
467 }
468 
469 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
470 {
471 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
472 }
473 
474 static void
475 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
476 {
477 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
478 	func(head);
479 }
480 
481 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
482 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
483 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
484 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
485 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
486 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
487 	.started	= rcu_no_completed,
488 	.completed	= rcu_no_completed,
489 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
490 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
491 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
492 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
493 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
494 	.fqs		= NULL,
495 	.stats		= NULL,
496 	.irq_capable	= 1,
497 	.name		= "rcu_busted"
498 };
499 
500 /*
501  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
502  */
503 
504 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
505 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
506 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
507 
508 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(srcu_ctlp)
509 {
510 	return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
511 }
512 
513 static void srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp)
514 {
515 	long delay;
516 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
517 	const long longdelay = 10;
518 
519 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
520 
521 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
522 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
523 	if (!delay)
524 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
525 	else
526 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp);
527 }
528 
529 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(srcu_ctlp)
530 {
531 	srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
532 }
533 
534 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
535 {
536 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
537 }
538 
539 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
540 {
541 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
542 }
543 
544 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
545 {
546 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
547 }
548 
549 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
550 			      rcu_callback_t func)
551 {
552 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
553 }
554 
555 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
556 {
557 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
558 }
559 
560 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
561 {
562 	int cpu;
563 	int idx = srcu_ctlp->completed & 0x1;
564 
565 	pr_alert("%s%s per-CPU(idx=%d):",
566 		 torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG, idx);
567 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
568 		unsigned long l0, l1;
569 		unsigned long u0, u1;
570 		long c0, c1;
571 		struct srcu_array *counts = per_cpu_ptr(srcu_ctlp->per_cpu_ref, cpu);
572 
573 		u0 = counts->unlock_count[!idx];
574 		u1 = counts->unlock_count[idx];
575 
576 		/*
577 		 * Make sure that a lock is always counted if the corresponding
578 		 * unlock is counted.
579 		 */
580 		smp_rmb();
581 
582 		l0 = counts->lock_count[!idx];
583 		l1 = counts->lock_count[idx];
584 
585 		c0 = l0 - u0;
586 		c1 = l1 - u1;
587 		pr_cont(" %d(%ld,%ld)", cpu, c0, c1);
588 	}
589 	pr_cont("\n");
590 }
591 
592 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
593 {
594 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
595 }
596 
597 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
598 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
599 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
600 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
601 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
602 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
603 	.started	= NULL,
604 	.completed	= srcu_torture_completed,
605 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
606 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
607 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
608 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
609 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
610 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
611 	.name		= "srcu"
612 };
613 
614 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
615 {
616 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
617 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
618 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
619 }
620 
621 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
622 {
623 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
624 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
625 }
626 
627 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
628 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
629 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
630 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
631 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
632 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
633 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
634 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
635 	.started	= NULL,
636 	.completed	= srcu_torture_completed,
637 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
638 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
639 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
640 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
641 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
642 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
643 	.name		= "srcud"
644 };
645 
646 /*
647  * Definitions for sched torture testing.
648  */
649 
650 static int sched_torture_read_lock(void)
651 {
652 	preempt_disable();
653 	return 0;
654 }
655 
656 static void sched_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
657 {
658 	preempt_enable();
659 }
660 
661 static void rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
662 {
663 	call_rcu_sched(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
664 }
665 
666 static struct rcu_torture_ops sched_ops = {
667 	.ttype		= RCU_SCHED_FLAVOR,
668 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
669 	.readlock	= sched_torture_read_lock,
670 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
671 	.readunlock	= sched_torture_read_unlock,
672 	.started	= rcu_batches_started_sched,
673 	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed_sched,
674 	.deferred_free	= rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free,
675 	.sync		= synchronize_sched,
676 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_sched_expedited,
677 	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_sched,
678 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_sched,
679 	.call		= call_rcu_sched,
680 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_sched,
681 	.fqs		= rcu_sched_force_quiescent_state,
682 	.stats		= NULL,
683 	.irq_capable	= 1,
684 	.name		= "sched"
685 };
686 
687 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
688 
689 /*
690  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
691  */
692 
693 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
694 {
695 	return 0;
696 }
697 
698 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
699 {
700 }
701 
702 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
703 {
704 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
705 }
706 
707 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
708 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
709 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
710 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
711 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
712 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
713 	.started	= rcu_no_completed,
714 	.completed	= rcu_no_completed,
715 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
716 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
717 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
718 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
719 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
720 	.fqs		= NULL,
721 	.stats		= NULL,
722 	.irq_capable	= 1,
723 	.name		= "tasks"
724 };
725 
726 #define RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS &tasks_ops,
727 
728 static bool __maybe_unused torturing_tasks(void)
729 {
730 	return cur_ops == &tasks_ops;
731 }
732 
733 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
734 
735 #define RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS
736 
737 static bool __maybe_unused torturing_tasks(void)
738 {
739 	return false;
740 }
741 
742 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
743 
744 /*
745  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
746  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
747  * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
748  * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
749  */
750 
751 struct rcu_boost_inflight {
752 	struct rcu_head rcu;
753 	int inflight;
754 };
755 
756 static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
757 {
758 	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
759 		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
760 
761 	/* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
762 	smp_store_release(&rbip->inflight, 0);
763 }
764 
765 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
766 {
767 	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
768 	unsigned long endtime;
769 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
770 	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
771 	struct sched_param sp;
772 
773 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
774 
775 	/* Set real-time priority. */
776 	sp.sched_priority = 1;
777 	if (sched_setscheduler(current, SCHED_FIFO, &sp) < 0) {
778 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost RT prio failed!");
779 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror++;
780 	}
781 
782 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
783 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
784 	do {
785 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
786 		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
787 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
788 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
789 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
790 			if (torture_must_stop())
791 				goto checkwait;
792 		}
793 
794 		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
795 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
796 		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
797 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, endtime)) {
798 			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
799 			if (!smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
800 				/* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
801 				smp_store_release(&rbi.inflight, 1);
802 				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
803 				if (jiffies - call_rcu_time >
804 					 test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
805 					VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
806 					n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
807 				}
808 				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
809 			}
810 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
811 			if (torture_must_stop())
812 				goto checkwait;
813 		}
814 
815 		/*
816 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
817 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
818 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
819 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
820 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
821 		 */
822 		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
823 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
824 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
825 				boost_starttime = jiffies +
826 						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
827 				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
828 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
829 				break;
830 			}
831 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
832 		}
833 
834 		/* Go do the stutter. */
835 checkwait:	stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
836 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
837 
838 	/* Clean up and exit. */
839 	while (!kthread_should_stop() || smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
840 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
841 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
842 	}
843 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
844 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
845 	return 0;
846 }
847 
848 static void rcu_torture_cbflood_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
849 {
850 }
851 
852 /*
853  * RCU torture callback-flood kthread.  Repeatedly induces bursts of calls
854  * to call_rcu() or analogous, increasing the probability of occurrence
855  * of callback-overflow corner cases.
856  */
857 static int
858 rcu_torture_cbflood(void *arg)
859 {
860 	int err = 1;
861 	int i;
862 	int j;
863 	struct rcu_head *rhp;
864 
865 	if (cbflood_n_per_burst > 0 &&
866 	    cbflood_inter_holdoff > 0 &&
867 	    cbflood_intra_holdoff > 0 &&
868 	    cur_ops->call &&
869 	    cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
870 		rhp = vmalloc(sizeof(*rhp) *
871 			      cbflood_n_burst * cbflood_n_per_burst);
872 		err = !rhp;
873 	}
874 	if (err) {
875 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_cbflood disabled: Bad args or OOM");
876 		goto wait_for_stop;
877 	}
878 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_cbflood task started");
879 	do {
880 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(cbflood_inter_holdoff);
881 		atomic_long_inc(&n_cbfloods);
882 		WARN_ON(signal_pending(current));
883 		for (i = 0; i < cbflood_n_burst; i++) {
884 			for (j = 0; j < cbflood_n_per_burst; j++) {
885 				cur_ops->call(&rhp[i * cbflood_n_per_burst + j],
886 					      rcu_torture_cbflood_cb);
887 			}
888 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(cbflood_intra_holdoff);
889 			WARN_ON(signal_pending(current));
890 		}
891 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
892 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_cbflood");
893 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
894 	vfree(rhp);
895 wait_for_stop:
896 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_cbflood");
897 	return 0;
898 }
899 
900 /*
901  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
902  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
903  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
904  */
905 static int
906 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
907 {
908 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
909 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
910 
911 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
912 	do {
913 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
914 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
915 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
916 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
917 		}
918 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
919 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
920 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
921 			cur_ops->fqs();
922 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
923 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
924 		}
925 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs");
926 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
927 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
928 	return 0;
929 }
930 
931 /*
932  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
933  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
934  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
935  */
936 static int
937 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
938 {
939 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
940 	int expediting = 0;
941 	unsigned long gp_snap;
942 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
943 	bool gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
944 	int i;
945 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
946 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
947 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
948 	int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC,
949 			   RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
950 	int nsynctypes = 0;
951 
952 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
953 	if (!can_expedite) {
954 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
955 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s,\n",
956 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
957 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
958 			 " Disabled dynamic grace-period expediting.\n",
959 			 torture_type);
960 	}
961 
962 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
963 	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_sync1)
964 		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_sync1 = true;
965 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_state && cur_ops->cond_sync)
966 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
967 	else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync))
968 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_cond without primitives.\n");
969 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync)
970 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
971 	else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync)
972 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_exp without primitives.\n");
973 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free)
974 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
975 	else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free)
976 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_normal without primitives.\n");
977 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync)
978 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
979 	else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync)
980 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_sync without primitives.\n");
981 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
982 		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
983 		/*
984 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
985 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
986 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
987 		 */
988 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
989 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
990 	}
991 
992 	do {
993 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
994 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
995 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
996 		if (rp == NULL)
997 			continue;
998 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
999 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1000 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1001 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1002 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1003 					       current == writer_task);
1004 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1005 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1006 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1007 		if (old_rp) {
1008 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1009 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1010 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1011 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1012 			old_rp->rtort_pipe_count++;
1013 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1014 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1015 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1016 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1017 				break;
1018 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1019 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1020 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1021 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1022 				break;
1023 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1024 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1025 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_state();
1026 				i = torture_random(&rand) % 16;
1027 				if (i != 0)
1028 					schedule_timeout_interruptible(i);
1029 				udelay(torture_random(&rand) % 1000);
1030 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1031 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1032 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1033 				break;
1034 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1035 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1036 				cur_ops->sync();
1037 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1038 				break;
1039 			default:
1040 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1041 				break;
1042 			}
1043 		}
1044 		rcutorture_record_progress(++rcu_torture_current_version);
1045 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1046 		if (can_expedite &&
1047 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1048 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1049 			if (expediting >= 0)
1050 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1051 			else
1052 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1053 			if (++expediting > 3)
1054 				expediting = -expediting;
1055 		}
1056 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1057 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
1058 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1059 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1060 	if (expediting > 0)
1061 		expediting = -expediting;
1062 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1063 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1064 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1065 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1066 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1067 	return 0;
1068 }
1069 
1070 /*
1071  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1072  * delay between calls.
1073  */
1074 static int
1075 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1076 {
1077 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1078 
1079 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1080 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1081 
1082 	do {
1083 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + torture_random(&rand)%10);
1084 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1085 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1086 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1087 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1088 		} else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
1089 			if (torture_random(&rand) & 0x80)
1090 				cur_ops->sync();
1091 			else
1092 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1093 		} else if (gp_normal) {
1094 			cur_ops->sync();
1095 		} else {
1096 			cur_ops->exp_sync();
1097 		}
1098 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1099 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1100 
1101 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1102 	return 0;
1103 }
1104 
1105 /*
1106  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1107  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1108  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1109  * RCU implementation is broken.
1110  */
1111 static void rcu_torture_timer(unsigned long unused)
1112 {
1113 	int idx;
1114 	unsigned long started;
1115 	unsigned long completed;
1116 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1117 	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rand_lock);
1118 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1119 	int pipe_count;
1120 	unsigned long long ts;
1121 
1122 	idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1123 	if (cur_ops->started)
1124 		started = cur_ops->started();
1125 	else
1126 		started = cur_ops->completed();
1127 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1128 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1129 				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1130 				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1131 				  srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp) ||
1132 				  torturing_tasks());
1133 	if (p == NULL) {
1134 		/* Leave because rcu_torture_writer is not yet underway */
1135 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1136 		return;
1137 	}
1138 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1139 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1140 	spin_lock(&rand_lock);
1141 	cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
1142 	n_rcu_torture_timers++;
1143 	spin_unlock(&rand_lock);
1144 	preempt_disable();
1145 	pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1146 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1147 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1148 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1149 	}
1150 	completed = cur_ops->completed();
1151 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1152 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu, ts,
1153 					  started, completed);
1154 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1155 	}
1156 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1157 	completed = completed - started;
1158 	if (cur_ops->started)
1159 		completed++;
1160 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1161 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1162 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1163 	}
1164 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1165 	preempt_enable();
1166 	cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1167 }
1168 
1169 /*
1170  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1171  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1172  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1173  * RCU implementation is broken.
1174  */
1175 static int
1176 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1177 {
1178 	unsigned long started;
1179 	unsigned long completed;
1180 	int idx;
1181 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1182 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1183 	int pipe_count;
1184 	struct timer_list t;
1185 	unsigned long long ts;
1186 
1187 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1188 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1189 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1190 		setup_timer_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1191 
1192 	do {
1193 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1194 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1195 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1196 		}
1197 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1198 		if (cur_ops->started)
1199 			started = cur_ops->started();
1200 		else
1201 			started = cur_ops->completed();
1202 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1203 		p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1204 					  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1205 					  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1206 					  srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp) ||
1207 					  torturing_tasks());
1208 		if (p == NULL) {
1209 			/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1210 			cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1211 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1212 			continue;
1213 		}
1214 		if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1215 			atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1216 		cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
1217 		preempt_disable();
1218 		pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1219 		if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1220 			/* Should not happen, but... */
1221 			pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1222 		}
1223 		completed = cur_ops->completed();
1224 		if (pipe_count > 1) {
1225 			do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1226 						  ts, started, completed);
1227 			rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1228 		}
1229 		__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1230 		completed = completed - started;
1231 		if (cur_ops->started)
1232 			completed++;
1233 		if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1234 			/* Should not happen, but... */
1235 			completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1236 		}
1237 		__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1238 		preempt_enable();
1239 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1240 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1241 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1242 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1243 		del_timer_sync(&t);
1244 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1245 	}
1246 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1247 	return 0;
1248 }
1249 
1250 /*
1251  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1252  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1253  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1254  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1255  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1256  * thread is not running).
1257  */
1258 static void
1259 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1260 {
1261 	int cpu;
1262 	int i;
1263 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1264 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1265 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1266 	struct task_struct *wtp;
1267 
1268 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1269 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1270 			pipesummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i];
1271 			batchsummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i];
1272 		}
1273 	}
1274 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1275 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1276 			break;
1277 	}
1278 
1279 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1280 	pr_cont("rtc: %p ver: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1281 		rcu_torture_current,
1282 		rcu_torture_current_version,
1283 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1284 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1285 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1286 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1287 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1288 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1289 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
1290 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1291 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1292 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1293 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1294 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1295 		n_rcu_torture_timers);
1296 	torture_onoff_stats();
1297 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
1298 		n_barrier_successes,
1299 		n_barrier_attempts,
1300 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);
1301 	pr_cont("cbflood: %ld\n", atomic_long_read(&n_cbfloods));
1302 
1303 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1304 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) != 0 ||
1305 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error != 0 ||
1306 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror != 0 ||
1307 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror != 0 ||
1308 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure != 0 ||
1309 	    i > 1) {
1310 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1311 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1312 		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1313 	}
1314 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1315 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1316 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1317 	pr_cont("\n");
1318 
1319 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1320 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1321 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1322 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1323 	pr_cont("\n");
1324 
1325 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1326 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1327 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1328 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1329 	}
1330 	pr_cont("\n");
1331 
1332 	if (cur_ops->stats)
1333 		cur_ops->stats();
1334 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1335 	    rcu_torture_current != NULL) {
1336 		int __maybe_unused flags;
1337 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gpnum;
1338 		unsigned long __maybe_unused completed;
1339 
1340 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1341 				       &flags, &gpnum, &completed);
1342 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
1343 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu c%lu f%#x ->state %#lx\n",
1344 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1345 			 rcu_torture_writer_state,
1346 			 gpnum, completed, flags,
1347 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0UL : wtp->state);
1348 		show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1349 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1350 	}
1351 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1352 }
1353 
1354 /*
1355  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1356  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1357  */
1358 static int
1359 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1360 {
1361 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1362 	do {
1363 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1364 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1365 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1366 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1367 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1368 	return 0;
1369 }
1370 
1371 static inline void
1372 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1373 {
1374 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1375 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1376 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1377 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1378 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1379 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1380 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1381 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d "
1382 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1383 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
1384 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1385 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1386 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1387 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1388 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1389 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff,
1390 		 n_barrier_cbs,
1391 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
1392 }
1393 
1394 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
1395 {
1396 	struct task_struct *t;
1397 
1398 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1399 		return 0;
1400 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1401 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1402 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1403 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1404 
1405 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1406 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1407 	return 0;
1408 }
1409 
1410 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
1411 {
1412 	int retval;
1413 
1414 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1415 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1416 
1417 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1418 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1419 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1420 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1421 						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1422 						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1423 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1424 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1425 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1426 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1427 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1428 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1429 		return retval;
1430 	}
1431 	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1432 	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1433 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1434 	return 0;
1435 }
1436 
1437 /*
1438  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1439  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1440  */
1441 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1442 {
1443 	unsigned long stop_at;
1444 
1445 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1446 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1447 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1448 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1449 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1450 	}
1451 	if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1452 		stop_at = get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1453 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1454 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start.\n");
1455 		rcu_read_lock();
1456 		preempt_disable();
1457 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(get_seconds(), stop_at))
1458 			continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
1459 		preempt_enable();
1460 		rcu_read_unlock();
1461 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1462 	}
1463 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1464 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1465 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1466 	return 0;
1467 }
1468 
1469 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1470 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1471 {
1472 	if (stall_cpu <= 0)
1473 		return 0;
1474 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1475 }
1476 
1477 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
1478 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
1479 {
1480 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
1481 }
1482 
1483 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
1484 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
1485 {
1486 	long myid = (long)arg;
1487 	bool lastphase = 0;
1488 	bool newphase;
1489 	struct rcu_head rcu;
1490 
1491 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1492 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
1493 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1494 	do {
1495 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
1496 			   (newphase =
1497 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
1498 			   torture_must_stop());
1499 		lastphase = newphase;
1500 		if (torture_must_stop())
1501 			break;
1502 		/*
1503 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
1504 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
1505 		 */
1506 		local_irq_disable(); /* Just to test no-irq call_rcu(). */
1507 		cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
1508 		local_irq_enable();
1509 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
1510 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
1511 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1512 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1513 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1514 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1515 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
1516 	return 0;
1517 }
1518 
1519 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
1520 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
1521 {
1522 	int i;
1523 
1524 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
1525 	do {
1526 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1527 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
1528 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
1529 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
1530 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1531 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1532 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
1533 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
1534 			   torture_must_stop());
1535 		if (torture_must_stop())
1536 			break;
1537 		n_barrier_attempts++;
1538 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
1539 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
1540 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
1541 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
1542 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
1543 			       n_barrier_cbs);
1544 			WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1545 		}
1546 		n_barrier_successes++;
1547 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
1548 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1549 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
1550 	return 0;
1551 }
1552 
1553 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
1554 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
1555 {
1556 	int i;
1557 	int ret;
1558 
1559 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
1560 		return 0;
1561 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
1562 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1563 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
1564 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1565 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1566 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
1567 			 torture_type);
1568 		return 0;
1569 	}
1570 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
1571 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1572 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
1573 		kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
1574 			GFP_KERNEL);
1575 	barrier_cbs_wq =
1576 		kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]),
1577 			GFP_KERNEL);
1578 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
1579 		return -ENOMEM;
1580 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
1581 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1582 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
1583 					     (void *)(long)i,
1584 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
1585 		if (ret)
1586 			return ret;
1587 	}
1588 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
1589 }
1590 
1591 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
1592 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
1593 {
1594 	int i;
1595 
1596 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
1597 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
1598 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1599 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
1600 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
1601 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
1602 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
1603 	}
1604 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
1605 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
1606 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
1607 	}
1608 }
1609 
1610 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
1611 
1612 static void
1613 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
1614 {
1615 	int i;
1616 
1617 	rcutorture_record_test_transition();
1618 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
1619 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1620 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1621 		return;
1622 	}
1623 
1624 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
1625 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
1626 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
1627 
1628 	if (reader_tasks) {
1629 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
1630 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
1631 					     reader_tasks[i]);
1632 		kfree(reader_tasks);
1633 	}
1634 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
1635 
1636 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
1637 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
1638 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
1639 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
1640 		}
1641 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
1642 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
1643 	}
1644 
1645 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
1646 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
1647 	for (i = 0; i < ncbflooders; i++)
1648 		torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_cbflood, cbflood_task[i]);
1649 	if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
1650 	    test_boost == 2)
1651 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
1652 
1653 	/*
1654 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do flavor-specific
1655 	 * cleanup operations.
1656 	 */
1657 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1658 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1659 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
1660 		cur_ops->cleanup();
1661 
1662 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
1663 
1664 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
1665 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
1666 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
1667 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
1668 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
1669 	else
1670 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
1671 	torture_cleanup_end();
1672 }
1673 
1674 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
1675 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1676 {
1677 }
1678 
1679 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1680 {
1681 	/*
1682 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
1683 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
1684 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
1685 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
1686 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
1687 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
1688 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
1689 	 */
1690 	pr_alert("rcutorture: duplicated callback was invoked.\n");
1691 }
1692 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1693 
1694 /*
1695  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
1696  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
1697  * cannot be carried out.
1698  */
1699 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
1700 {
1701 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
1702 	struct rcu_head rh1;
1703 	struct rcu_head rh2;
1704 
1705 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
1706 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
1707 	pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n");
1708 
1709 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
1710 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
1711 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
1712 	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
1713 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
1714 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
1715 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
1716 	local_irq_enable();
1717 	rcu_read_unlock();
1718 	preempt_enable();
1719 
1720 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
1721 	rcu_barrier();
1722 	pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n");
1723 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
1724 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
1725 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1726 	pr_alert("rcutorture: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n");
1727 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1728 }
1729 
1730 static int __init
1731 rcu_torture_init(void)
1732 {
1733 	int i;
1734 	int cpu;
1735 	int firsterr = 0;
1736 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
1737 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_bh_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops,
1738 		&sched_ops, RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS
1739 	};
1740 
1741 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose, &torture_runnable))
1742 		return -EBUSY;
1743 
1744 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
1745 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
1746 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
1747 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
1748 			break;
1749 	}
1750 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
1751 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
1752 			 torture_type);
1753 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
1754 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
1755 			pr_alert(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
1756 		pr_alert("\n");
1757 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
1758 		goto unwind;
1759 	}
1760 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
1761 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
1762 		fqs_duration = 0;
1763 	}
1764 	if (cur_ops->init)
1765 		cur_ops->init();
1766 
1767 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
1768 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
1769 	} else {
1770 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
1771 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
1772 			nrealreaders = 1;
1773 	}
1774 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
1775 
1776 	/* Set up the freelist. */
1777 
1778 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
1779 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
1780 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
1781 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
1782 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
1783 	}
1784 
1785 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
1786 
1787 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
1788 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
1789 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
1790 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
1791 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
1792 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
1793 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
1794 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
1795 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
1796 	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
1797 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
1798 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
1799 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1800 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
1801 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1802 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1803 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
1804 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
1805 		}
1806 	}
1807 
1808 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
1809 
1810 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
1811 					  writer_task);
1812 	if (firsterr)
1813 		goto unwind;
1814 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
1815 		fakewriter_tasks = kzalloc(nfakewriters *
1816 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
1817 					   GFP_KERNEL);
1818 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
1819 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1820 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1821 			goto unwind;
1822 		}
1823 	}
1824 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
1825 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
1826 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
1827 		if (firsterr)
1828 			goto unwind;
1829 	}
1830 	reader_tasks = kzalloc(nrealreaders * sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
1831 			       GFP_KERNEL);
1832 	if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
1833 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1834 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1835 		goto unwind;
1836 	}
1837 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
1838 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, NULL,
1839 						  reader_tasks[i]);
1840 		if (firsterr)
1841 			goto unwind;
1842 	}
1843 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
1844 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
1845 						  stats_task);
1846 		if (firsterr)
1847 			goto unwind;
1848 	}
1849 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
1850 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
1851 		if (firsterr)
1852 			goto unwind;
1853 	}
1854 	if (stutter < 0)
1855 		stutter = 0;
1856 	if (stutter) {
1857 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ);
1858 		if (firsterr)
1859 			goto unwind;
1860 	}
1861 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
1862 		fqs_duration = 0;
1863 	if (fqs_duration) {
1864 		/* Create the fqs thread */
1865 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
1866 						  fqs_task);
1867 		if (firsterr)
1868 			goto unwind;
1869 	}
1870 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
1871 		test_boost_interval = 1;
1872 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
1873 		test_boost_duration = 2;
1874 	if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
1875 	    test_boost == 2) {
1876 
1877 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
1878 
1879 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
1880 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
1881 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
1882 		if (firsterr < 0)
1883 			goto unwind;
1884 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
1885 	}
1886 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
1887 	if (firsterr)
1888 		goto unwind;
1889 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval * HZ);
1890 	if (firsterr)
1891 		goto unwind;
1892 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
1893 	if (firsterr)
1894 		goto unwind;
1895 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
1896 	if (firsterr)
1897 		goto unwind;
1898 	if (object_debug)
1899 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
1900 	if (cbflood_n_burst > 0) {
1901 		/* Create the cbflood threads */
1902 		ncbflooders = (num_online_cpus() + 3) / 4;
1903 		cbflood_task = kcalloc(ncbflooders, sizeof(*cbflood_task),
1904 				       GFP_KERNEL);
1905 		if (!cbflood_task) {
1906 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1907 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1908 			goto unwind;
1909 		}
1910 		for (i = 0; i < ncbflooders; i++) {
1911 			firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_cbflood,
1912 							  NULL,
1913 							  cbflood_task[i]);
1914 			if (firsterr)
1915 				goto unwind;
1916 		}
1917 	}
1918 	rcutorture_record_test_transition();
1919 	torture_init_end();
1920 	return 0;
1921 
1922 unwind:
1923 	torture_init_end();
1924 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
1925 	return firsterr;
1926 }
1927 
1928 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
1929 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
1930