xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision cb1aaebe)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.txt
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
25 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
26 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
27 #include <linux/atomic.h>
28 #include <linux/bitops.h>
29 #include <linux/completion.h>
30 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
31 #include <linux/percpu.h>
32 #include <linux/notifier.h>
33 #include <linux/reboot.h>
34 #include <linux/freezer.h>
35 #include <linux/cpu.h>
36 #include <linux/delay.h>
37 #include <linux/stat.h>
38 #include <linux/srcu.h>
39 #include <linux/slab.h>
40 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
41 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
42 #include <linux/torture.h>
43 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
44 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
46 #include <linux/oom.h>
47 
48 #include "rcu.h"
49 
50 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
51 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
52 
53 
54 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
55 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
56 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK	 ((1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) - 1)
57 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
58 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 6	/* Number of bits defined above. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
65 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
66 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
67 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
68 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
69 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
70 
71 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
72 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
73 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
74 	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
75 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
76 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
77 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress, 1, "Test grace-period forward progress");
78 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
79 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60,
80 	      "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
81 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1,
82 	      "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
83 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
84 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
85 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
86 	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
87 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
88 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
89 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
90 	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
91 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
92 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
93 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
94 	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
95 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
96 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
97 	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
98 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
99 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
100 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
101 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
102 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
103 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
104 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
105 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
106 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
107 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
108 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
109 	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
110 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
111 	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
112 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
113 	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
114 torture_param(int, verbose, 1,
115 	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
116 
117 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
118 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
119 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
120 
121 static int nrealreaders;
122 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
123 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
124 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
125 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
126 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
127 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
128 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
129 static struct task_struct *fwd_prog_task;
130 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
131 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
132 
133 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
134 
135 struct rcu_torture {
136 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
137 	int rtort_pipe_count;
138 	struct list_head rtort_free;
139 	int rtort_mbtest;
140 };
141 
142 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
143 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
144 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
145 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
146 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
147 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
148 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
149 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
150 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
151 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
152 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
153 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
154 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
155 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
156 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
157 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
158 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
159 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
160 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
161 static long n_barrier_attempts;
162 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
163 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
164 
165 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
166 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
167 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
168 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
169 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
170 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
171 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
172 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
173 #define RTWS_SYNC		7
174 #define RTWS_STUTTER		8
175 #define RTWS_STOPPING		9
176 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
177 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
178 	"RTWS_DELAY",
179 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
180 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
181 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
182 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
183 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
184 	"RTWS_SYNC",
185 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
186 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
187 };
188 
189 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
190 struct rt_read_seg {
191 	int rt_readstate;
192 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
193 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
194 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
195 	bool rt_preempted;
196 };
197 static int err_segs_recorded;
198 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
199 static int rt_read_nsegs;
200 
201 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
202 {
203 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
204 
205 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
206 		return "???";
207 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
208 }
209 
210 #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
211 #define rcu_can_boost() 1
212 #else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
213 #define rcu_can_boost() 0
214 #endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
215 
216 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
217 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
218 {
219 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
220 
221 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
222 	return ts;
223 }
224 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
225 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
226 {
227 	return 0ULL;
228 }
229 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
230 
231 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
232 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
233 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
234 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
235 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
236 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
237 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
238 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
239 
240 static bool rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;		/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
241 
242 /*
243  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
244  */
245 static struct rcu_torture *
246 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
247 {
248 	struct list_head *p;
249 
250 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
251 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
252 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
253 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
254 		return NULL;
255 	}
256 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
257 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
258 	list_del_init(p);
259 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
260 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
261 }
262 
263 /*
264  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
265  */
266 static void
267 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
268 {
269 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
270 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
271 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
272 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
277  */
278 
279 struct rcu_torture_ops {
280 	int ttype;
281 	void (*init)(void);
282 	void (*cleanup)(void);
283 	int (*readlock)(void);
284 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
285 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
286 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
287 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
288 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
289 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
290 	void (*sync)(void);
291 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
292 	unsigned long (*get_state)(void);
293 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
294 	call_rcu_func_t call;
295 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
296 	void (*fqs)(void);
297 	void (*stats)(void);
298 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
299 	int irq_capable;
300 	int can_boost;
301 	int extendables;
302 	const char *name;
303 };
304 
305 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
306 
307 /*
308  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
309  */
310 
311 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
312 {
313 	rcu_read_lock();
314 	return 0;
315 }
316 
317 static void
318 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
319 {
320 	unsigned long started;
321 	unsigned long completed;
322 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
323 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
324 	unsigned long long ts;
325 
326 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
327 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
328 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
329 
330 	if (!rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay &&
331 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
332 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
333 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
334 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
335 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
336 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
337 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
338 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
339 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
340 					  started, completed);
341 	}
342 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
343 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
344 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
345 	}
346 	if (!preempt_count() &&
347 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
348 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
349 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
350 	}
351 }
352 
353 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
354 {
355 	rcu_read_unlock();
356 }
357 
358 /*
359  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
360  */
361 static bool
362 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
363 {
364 	int i;
365 
366 	i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
367 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
368 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
369 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
370 	if (++rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
371 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
372 		return true;
373 	}
374 	return false;
375 }
376 
377 /*
378  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
379  * primitives.
380  */
381 static void
382 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
383 {
384 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
385 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
386 
387 	if (old_rp)
388 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
389 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
390 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
391 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
392 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
393 		}
394 	}
395 }
396 
397 static void
398 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
399 {
400 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
401 
402 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
403 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
404 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
405 		return;
406 	}
407 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
408 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
409 	else
410 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
411 }
412 
413 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
414 {
415 	return 0;
416 }
417 
418 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
419 {
420 	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
421 }
422 
423 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
424 {
425 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
426 }
427 
428 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
429 	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
430 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
431 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
432 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
433 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
434 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_get_gp_seq,
435 	.gp_diff	= rcu_seq_diff,
436 	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
437 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
438 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
439 	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
440 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
441 	.call		= call_rcu,
442 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
443 	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
444 	.stats		= NULL,
445 	.stall_dur	= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
446 	.irq_capable	= 1,
447 	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
448 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
449 	.name		= "rcu"
450 };
451 
452 /*
453  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
454  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
455  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
456  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
457  * buggy-RCU error messages.
458  */
459 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
460 {
461 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
462 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
463 }
464 
465 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
466 {
467 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
468 }
469 
470 static void
471 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
472 {
473 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
474 	func(head);
475 }
476 
477 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
478 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
479 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
480 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
481 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
482 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
483 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
484 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
485 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
486 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
487 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
488 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
489 	.fqs		= NULL,
490 	.stats		= NULL,
491 	.irq_capable	= 1,
492 	.name		= "busted"
493 };
494 
495 /*
496  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
497  */
498 
499 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
500 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
501 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
502 
503 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(srcu_ctlp)
504 {
505 	return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
506 }
507 
508 static void
509 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
510 {
511 	long delay;
512 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
513 	const long longdelay = 10;
514 
515 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
516 
517 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
518 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
519 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
520 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
521 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
522 	} else {
523 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
524 	}
525 }
526 
527 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(srcu_ctlp)
528 {
529 	srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
530 }
531 
532 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
533 {
534 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
535 }
536 
537 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
538 {
539 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
540 }
541 
542 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
543 {
544 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
545 }
546 
547 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
548 			      rcu_callback_t func)
549 {
550 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
551 }
552 
553 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
554 {
555 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
556 }
557 
558 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
559 {
560 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
561 }
562 
563 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
564 {
565 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
566 }
567 
568 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
569 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
570 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
571 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
572 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
573 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
574 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
575 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
576 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
577 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
578 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
579 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
580 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
581 	.irq_capable	= 1,
582 	.name		= "srcu"
583 };
584 
585 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
586 {
587 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
588 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
589 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
590 }
591 
592 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
593 {
594 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
595 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
596 }
597 
598 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
599 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
600 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
601 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
602 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
603 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
604 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
605 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
606 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
607 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
608 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
609 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
610 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
611 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
612 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
613 	.irq_capable	= 1,
614 	.name		= "srcud"
615 };
616 
617 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
618 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
619 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
620 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
621 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
622 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
623 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
624 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
625 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
626 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
627 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
628 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
629 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
630 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
631 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
632 	.irq_capable	= 1,
633 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
634 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
635 };
636 
637 /*
638  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
639  */
640 
641 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
642 {
643 	return 0;
644 }
645 
646 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
647 {
648 }
649 
650 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
651 {
652 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
653 }
654 
655 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
656 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
657 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
658 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
659 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
660 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
661 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
662 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
663 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
664 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
665 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
666 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
667 	.fqs		= NULL,
668 	.stats		= NULL,
669 	.irq_capable	= 1,
670 	.name		= "tasks"
671 };
672 
673 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
674 {
675 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
676 		return new - old;
677 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
678 }
679 
680 static bool __maybe_unused torturing_tasks(void)
681 {
682 	return cur_ops == &tasks_ops;
683 }
684 
685 /*
686  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
687  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
688  * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
689  * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
690  */
691 
692 struct rcu_boost_inflight {
693 	struct rcu_head rcu;
694 	int inflight;
695 };
696 
697 static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
698 {
699 	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
700 		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
701 
702 	/* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
703 	smp_store_release(&rbip->inflight, 0);
704 }
705 
706 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
707 
708 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
709 {
710 	/*
711 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
712 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
713 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
714 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
715 	 */
716 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
717 		return;
718 
719 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
720 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
721 }
722 
723 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
724 {
725 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
726 		return;
727 
728 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
729 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
730 }
731 
732 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
733 {
734 	if (end - start > test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
735 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
736 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
737 
738 		return true; /* failed */
739 	}
740 
741 	return false; /* passed */
742 }
743 
744 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
745 {
746 	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
747 	unsigned long endtime;
748 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
749 	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
750 	struct sched_param sp;
751 
752 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
753 
754 	/* Set real-time priority. */
755 	sp.sched_priority = 1;
756 	if (sched_setscheduler(current, SCHED_FIFO, &sp) < 0) {
757 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost RT prio failed!");
758 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror++;
759 	}
760 
761 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
762 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
763 	do {
764 		/* Track if the test failed already in this test interval? */
765 		bool failed = false;
766 
767 		/* Increment n_rcu_torture_boosts once per boost-test */
768 		while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
769 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
770 				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
771 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
772 				break;
773 			}
774 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
775 		}
776 		if (kthread_should_stop())
777 			goto checkwait;
778 
779 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
780 		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
781 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
782 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
783 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
784 			if (torture_must_stop())
785 				goto checkwait;
786 		}
787 
788 		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
789 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
790 		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
791 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, endtime)) {
792 			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
793 			if (!smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
794 				/* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
795 				smp_store_release(&rbi.inflight, 1);
796 				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
797 				/* Check if the boost test failed */
798 				failed = failed ||
799 					 rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time,
800 								 jiffies);
801 				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
802 			}
803 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
804 			if (torture_must_stop())
805 				goto checkwait;
806 		}
807 
808 		/*
809 		 * If boost never happened, then inflight will always be 1, in
810 		 * this case the boost check would never happen in the above
811 		 * loop so do another one here.
812 		 */
813 		if (!failed && smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight))
814 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time, jiffies);
815 
816 		/*
817 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
818 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
819 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
820 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
821 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
822 		 */
823 		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
824 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
825 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
826 				boost_starttime = jiffies +
827 						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
828 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
829 				break;
830 			}
831 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
832 		}
833 
834 		/* Go do the stutter. */
835 checkwait:	stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
836 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
837 
838 	/* Clean up and exit. */
839 	while (!kthread_should_stop() || smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
840 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
841 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
842 	}
843 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
844 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
845 	return 0;
846 }
847 
848 /*
849  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
850  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
851  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
852  */
853 static int
854 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
855 {
856 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
857 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
858 
859 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
860 	do {
861 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
862 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
863 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
864 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
865 		}
866 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
867 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
868 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
869 			cur_ops->fqs();
870 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
871 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
872 		}
873 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs");
874 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
875 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
876 	return 0;
877 }
878 
879 /*
880  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
881  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
882  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
883  */
884 static int
885 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
886 {
887 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
888 	int expediting = 0;
889 	unsigned long gp_snap;
890 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
891 	bool gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
892 	int i;
893 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
894 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
895 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
896 	int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC,
897 			   RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
898 	int nsynctypes = 0;
899 
900 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
901 	if (!can_expedite)
902 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
903 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
904 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
905 
906 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
907 	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_sync1)
908 		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_sync1 = true;
909 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
910 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
911 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
912 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
913 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
914 	}
915 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
916 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
917 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
918 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
919 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
920 	}
921 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
922 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
923 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
924 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
925 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
926 	}
927 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
928 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
929 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
930 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
931 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
932 	}
933 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
934 		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
935 		/*
936 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
937 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
938 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
939 		 */
940 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
941 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
942 	}
943 
944 	do {
945 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
946 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
947 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
948 		if (rp == NULL)
949 			continue;
950 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
951 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
952 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
953 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
954 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
955 					       current == writer_task);
956 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
957 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
958 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
959 		if (old_rp) {
960 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
961 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
962 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
963 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
964 			old_rp->rtort_pipe_count++;
965 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
966 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
967 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
968 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
969 				break;
970 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
971 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
972 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
973 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
974 				break;
975 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
976 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
977 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_state();
978 				i = torture_random(&rand) % 16;
979 				if (i != 0)
980 					schedule_timeout_interruptible(i);
981 				udelay(torture_random(&rand) % 1000);
982 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
983 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
984 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
985 				break;
986 			case RTWS_SYNC:
987 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
988 				cur_ops->sync();
989 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
990 				break;
991 			default:
992 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
993 				break;
994 			}
995 		}
996 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
997 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
998 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
999 		if (can_expedite &&
1000 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1001 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1002 			if (expediting >= 0)
1003 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1004 			else
1005 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1006 			if (++expediting > 3)
1007 				expediting = -expediting;
1008 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1009 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1010 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1011 		}
1012 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1013 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer"))
1014 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1015 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free))
1016 					WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1017 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1018 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1019 	if (expediting > 0)
1020 		expediting = -expediting;
1021 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1022 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1023 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1024 	if (!can_expedite)
1025 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1026 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1027 			 torture_type);
1028 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1029 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1030 	return 0;
1031 }
1032 
1033 /*
1034  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1035  * delay between calls.
1036  */
1037 static int
1038 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1039 {
1040 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1041 
1042 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1043 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1044 
1045 	do {
1046 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + torture_random(&rand)%10);
1047 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1048 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1049 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1050 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1051 		} else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
1052 			if (cur_ops->sync && torture_random(&rand) & 0x80)
1053 				cur_ops->sync();
1054 			else if (cur_ops->exp_sync)
1055 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1056 		} else if (gp_normal && cur_ops->sync) {
1057 			cur_ops->sync();
1058 		} else if (cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1059 			cur_ops->exp_sync();
1060 		}
1061 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1062 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1063 
1064 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1065 	return 0;
1066 }
1067 
1068 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1069 {
1070 	kfree(rhp);
1071 }
1072 
1073 /*
1074  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1075  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1076  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1077  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1078  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1079  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1080  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1081  */
1082 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1083 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1084 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1085 {
1086 	int idxnew = -1;
1087 	int idxold = *readstate;
1088 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1089 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1090 
1091 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold < 0);
1092 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1093 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1094 
1095 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1096 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1097 		local_bh_disable();
1098 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1099 		local_irq_disable();
1100 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1101 		preempt_disable();
1102 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1103 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1104 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1105 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1106 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU)
1107 		idxnew = cur_ops->readlock() << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT;
1108 
1109 	/* Next, remove old protection, irq first due to bh conflict. */
1110 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1111 		local_irq_enable();
1112 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1113 		local_bh_enable();
1114 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1115 		preempt_enable();
1116 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1117 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1118 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1119 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1120 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU)
1121 		cur_ops->readunlock(idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1122 
1123 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1124 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1125 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1126 
1127 	/* Update the reader state. */
1128 	if (idxnew == -1)
1129 		idxnew = idxold & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK;
1130 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew < 0);
1131 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1132 	*readstate = idxnew | newstate;
1133 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) < 0);
1134 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1135 }
1136 
1137 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1138 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1139 {
1140 	int mask;
1141 
1142 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1143 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1144 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1145 	return mask;
1146 }
1147 
1148 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1149 static int
1150 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1151 {
1152 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1153 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp) >> 8;
1154 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1155 
1156 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1157 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
1158 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1159 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1160 	else
1161 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1162 	/* Can't enable bh w/irq disabled. */
1163 	if ((mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) &&
1164 	    ((!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)) ||
1165 	     (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH))))
1166 		mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1167 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1168 }
1169 
1170 /*
1171  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1172  * critical section.
1173  */
1174 static struct rt_read_seg *
1175 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1176 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1177 {
1178 	int i;
1179 	int j;
1180 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1181 
1182 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1183 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1184 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1185 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1186 	i = (torture_random(trsp) >> 3);
1187 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1188 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1189 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1190 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1191 	}
1192 	return &rtrsp[j];
1193 }
1194 
1195 /*
1196  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1197  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1198  * from a timer handler.
1199  */
1200 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1201 {
1202 	int i;
1203 	unsigned long started;
1204 	unsigned long completed;
1205 	int newstate;
1206 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1207 	int pipe_count;
1208 	int readstate = 0;
1209 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1210 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
1211 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
1212 	unsigned long long ts;
1213 
1214 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
1215 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
1216 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1217 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1218 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1219 				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1220 				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1221 				  srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp) ||
1222 				  torturing_tasks());
1223 	if (p == NULL) {
1224 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1225 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1226 		return false;
1227 	}
1228 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1229 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1230 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
1231 	preempt_disable();
1232 	pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1233 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1234 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1235 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1236 	}
1237 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1238 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1239 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1240 					  ts, started, completed);
1241 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1242 	}
1243 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1244 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
1245 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1246 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1247 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1248 	}
1249 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1250 	preempt_enable();
1251 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1252 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK);
1253 
1254 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
1255 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
1256 		i = 0;
1257 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
1258 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
1259 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
1260 	}
1261 
1262 	return true;
1263 }
1264 
1265 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
1266 
1267 /*
1268  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1269  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1270  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1271  * RCU implementation is broken.
1272  */
1273 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
1274 {
1275 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
1276 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand));
1277 
1278 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
1279 	if (cur_ops->call) {
1280 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
1281 
1282 		if (rhp)
1283 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
1284 	}
1285 }
1286 
1287 /*
1288  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1289  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1290  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1291  * RCU implementation is broken.
1292  */
1293 static int
1294 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1295 {
1296 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
1297 	long myid = (long)arg;
1298 	int mynumonline = myid;
1299 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1300 	struct timer_list t;
1301 
1302 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1303 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1304 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1305 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1306 
1307 	do {
1308 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1309 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1310 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1311 		}
1312 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand))
1313 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1314 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep)) {
1315 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1316 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
1317 		}
1318 		while (num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
1319 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
1320 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1321 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1322 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1323 		del_timer_sync(&t);
1324 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1325 	}
1326 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1327 	return 0;
1328 }
1329 
1330 /*
1331  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1332  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1333  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1334  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1335  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1336  * thread is not running).
1337  */
1338 static void
1339 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1340 {
1341 	int cpu;
1342 	int i;
1343 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1344 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1345 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1346 	static bool splatted;
1347 	struct task_struct *wtp;
1348 
1349 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1350 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1351 			pipesummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i];
1352 			batchsummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i];
1353 		}
1354 	}
1355 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1356 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1357 			break;
1358 	}
1359 
1360 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1361 	pr_cont("rtc: %p ver: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1362 		rcu_torture_current,
1363 		rcu_torture_current_version,
1364 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1365 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1366 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1367 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1368 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1369 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1370 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
1371 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1372 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1373 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1374 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1375 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1376 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
1377 	torture_onoff_stats();
1378 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld\n",
1379 		n_barrier_successes,
1380 		n_barrier_attempts,
1381 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);
1382 
1383 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1384 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) != 0 ||
1385 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error != 0 ||
1386 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror != 0 ||
1387 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror != 0 ||
1388 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure != 0 ||
1389 	    i > 1) {
1390 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1391 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1392 		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1393 	}
1394 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1395 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1396 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1397 	pr_cont("\n");
1398 
1399 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1400 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1401 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1402 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1403 	pr_cont("\n");
1404 
1405 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1406 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1407 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1408 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1409 	}
1410 	pr_cont("\n");
1411 
1412 	if (cur_ops->stats)
1413 		cur_ops->stats();
1414 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1415 	    rcu_torture_current != NULL) {
1416 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
1417 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
1418 
1419 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1420 				       &flags, &gp_seq);
1421 		srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp,
1422 					&flags, &gp_seq);
1423 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
1424 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#lx cpu %d\n",
1425 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1426 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
1427 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0UL : wtp->state,
1428 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
1429 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
1430 			sched_show_task(wtp);
1431 			splatted = true;
1432 		}
1433 		show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1434 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1435 	}
1436 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1437 }
1438 
1439 /*
1440  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1441  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1442  */
1443 static int
1444 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1445 {
1446 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1447 	do {
1448 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1449 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1450 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1451 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1452 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1453 	return 0;
1454 }
1455 
1456 static void
1457 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1458 {
1459 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1460 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1461 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1462 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1463 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1464 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1465 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1466 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
1467 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1468 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
1469 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1470 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1471 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1472 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1473 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1474 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
1475 		 n_barrier_cbs,
1476 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
1477 }
1478 
1479 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
1480 {
1481 	struct task_struct *t;
1482 
1483 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1484 		return 0;
1485 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1486 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1487 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1488 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
1489 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1490 
1491 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1492 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1493 	return 0;
1494 }
1495 
1496 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
1497 {
1498 	int retval;
1499 
1500 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1501 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1502 
1503 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1504 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1505 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
1506 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1507 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1508 						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1509 						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1510 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1511 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1512 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1513 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1514 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1515 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1516 		return retval;
1517 	}
1518 	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1519 	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1520 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1521 	return 0;
1522 }
1523 
1524 /*
1525  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1526  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1527  */
1528 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1529 {
1530 	unsigned long stop_at;
1531 
1532 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1533 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1534 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1535 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1536 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1537 	}
1538 	if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1539 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1540 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1541 		rcu_read_lock();
1542 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1543 			local_irq_disable();
1544 		else
1545 			preempt_disable();
1546 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start on CPU %d.\n",
1547 			 smp_processor_id());
1548 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(),
1549 				    stop_at))
1550 			continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
1551 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1552 			local_irq_enable();
1553 		else
1554 			preempt_enable();
1555 		rcu_read_unlock();
1556 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1557 	}
1558 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1559 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1560 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1561 	return 0;
1562 }
1563 
1564 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1565 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1566 {
1567 	if (stall_cpu <= 0)
1568 		return 0;
1569 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1570 }
1571 
1572 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
1573 struct fwd_cb_state {
1574 	struct rcu_head rh;
1575 	int stop;
1576 };
1577 
1578 /*
1579  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
1580  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
1581  * critical section.
1582  */
1583 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1584 {
1585 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
1586 
1587 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
1588 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
1589 		return;
1590 	}
1591 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1592 }
1593 
1594 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1595 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
1596 	struct rcu_head rh;
1597 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
1598 	int rfc_gps;
1599 };
1600 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_fwd_lock);
1601 static struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1602 static struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1603 static long n_launders_cb;
1604 static unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
1605 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
1606 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
1607 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
1608 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
1609 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
1610 struct rcu_launder_hist {
1611 	long n_launders;
1612 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
1613 };
1614 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
1615 static struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
1616 static unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
1617 
1618 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(void)
1619 {
1620 	unsigned long gps;
1621 	unsigned long gps_old;
1622 	int i;
1623 	int j;
1624 
1625 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
1626 		if (n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
1627 			break;
1628 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram (duration %lu jiffies):",
1629 		 __func__, jiffies - rcu_fwd_startat);
1630 	gps_old = rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
1631 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
1632 		gps = n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
1633 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
1634 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV, n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
1635 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
1636 		gps_old = gps;
1637 	}
1638 	pr_cont("\n");
1639 }
1640 
1641 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1642 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1643 {
1644 	unsigned long flags;
1645 	int i;
1646 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
1647 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
1648 
1649 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
1650 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
1651 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1652 	rfcpp = rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
1653 	rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
1654 	WRITE_ONCE(*rfcpp, rfcp);
1655 	WRITE_ONCE(n_launders_cb, n_launders_cb + 1);
1656 	i = ((jiffies - rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
1657 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist))
1658 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist) - 1;
1659 	n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
1660 	n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1661 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1662 }
1663 
1664 /*
1665  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
1666  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
1667  */
1668 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(void)
1669 {
1670 	unsigned long flags;
1671 	unsigned long freed = 0;
1672 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1673 
1674 	for (;;) {
1675 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1676 		rfcp = rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1677 		if (!rfcp)
1678 			break;
1679 		rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
1680 		if (!rcu_fwd_cb_head)
1681 			rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1682 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1683 		kfree(rfcp);
1684 		freed++;
1685 	}
1686 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1687 	return freed;
1688 }
1689 
1690 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
1691 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(int *tested, int *tested_tries)
1692 {
1693 	unsigned long cver;
1694 	unsigned long dur;
1695 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
1696 	unsigned long gps;
1697 	int idx;
1698 	int sd;
1699 	int sd4;
1700 	bool selfpropcb = false;
1701 	unsigned long stopat;
1702 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
1703 
1704 	if  (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->sync && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
1705 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1706 		selfpropcb = true;
1707 	}
1708 
1709 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
1710 	if  (selfpropcb) {
1711 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
1712 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1713 	}
1714 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
1715 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1716 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
1717 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
1718 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
1719 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
1720 	stopat = rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
1721 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1722 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1723 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1724 		udelay(10);
1725 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1726 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
1727 			cond_resched();
1728 	}
1729 	(*tested_tries)++;
1730 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1731 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1732 		(*tested)++;
1733 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
1734 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
1735 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
1736 		pr_alert("%s: Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__, dur, cver, gps);
1737 	}
1738 	if (selfpropcb) {
1739 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
1740 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
1741 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
1742 	}
1743 
1744 	if (selfpropcb) {
1745 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
1746 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1747 	}
1748 }
1749 
1750 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
1751 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(void)
1752 {
1753 	unsigned long cver;
1754 	unsigned long gps;
1755 	int i;
1756 	long n_launders;
1757 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
1758 	long n_launders_sa;
1759 	long n_max_cbs;
1760 	long n_max_gps;
1761 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1762 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
1763 	unsigned long stopat;
1764 	unsigned long stoppedat;
1765 
1766 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
1767 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
1768 
1769 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
1770 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
1771 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
1772 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
1773 	stopat = rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
1774 	n_launders = 0;
1775 	n_launders_cb = 0;
1776 	n_launders_sa = 0;
1777 	n_max_cbs = 0;
1778 	n_max_gps = 0;
1779 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist); i++)
1780 		n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
1781 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
1782 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1783 	rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
1784 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1785 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1786 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_head);
1787 		rfcpn = NULL;
1788 		if (rfcp)
1789 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
1790 		if (rfcpn) {
1791 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
1792 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
1793 				break;
1794 			rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
1795 			n_launders++;
1796 			n_launders_sa++;
1797 		} else {
1798 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
1799 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
1800 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1801 				continue;
1802 			}
1803 			n_max_cbs++;
1804 			n_launders_sa = 0;
1805 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
1806 		}
1807 		cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
1808 		cond_resched();
1809 	}
1810 	stoppedat = jiffies;
1811 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(n_launders_cb);
1812 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
1813 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
1814 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
1815 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree();
1816 
1817 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
1818 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop)) {
1819 		WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED);
1820 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n",
1821 			 __func__,
1822 			 stoppedat - rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
1823 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
1824 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
1825 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps);
1826 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist();
1827 	}
1828 }
1829 
1830 
1831 /*
1832  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
1833  * current forward-progress test.
1834  */
1835 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
1836 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
1837 {
1838 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
1839 	     __func__);
1840 	rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist();
1841 	rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
1842 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
1843 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
1844 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
1845 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree());
1846 	rcu_barrier();
1847 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
1848 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree());
1849 	rcu_barrier();
1850 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
1851 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree());
1852 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
1853 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
1854 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
1855 	return NOTIFY_OK;
1856 }
1857 
1858 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
1859 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
1860 };
1861 
1862 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
1863 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
1864 {
1865 	int tested = 0;
1866 	int tested_tries = 0;
1867 
1868 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
1869 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
1870 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
1871 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1872 	do {
1873 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
1874 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
1875 		register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
1876 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(&tested, &tested_tries);
1877 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr();
1878 		unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
1879 
1880 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
1881 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
1882 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1883 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
1884 	WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
1885 	pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
1886 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
1887 	return 0;
1888 }
1889 
1890 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
1891 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
1892 {
1893 	if (!fwd_progress)
1894 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
1895 	if (!cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0 ||
1896 	    cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
1897 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
1898 		return 0;
1899 	}
1900 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
1901 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
1902 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TESTS))
1903 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
1904 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
1905 		return 0;
1906 	}
1907 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
1908 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
1909 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
1910 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
1911 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog,
1912 				      NULL, fwd_prog_task);
1913 }
1914 
1915 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
1916 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
1917 {
1918 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
1919 }
1920 
1921 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
1922 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
1923 {
1924 	long myid = (long)arg;
1925 	bool lastphase = 0;
1926 	bool newphase;
1927 	struct rcu_head rcu;
1928 
1929 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1930 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
1931 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1932 	do {
1933 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
1934 			   (newphase =
1935 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
1936 			   torture_must_stop());
1937 		lastphase = newphase;
1938 		if (torture_must_stop())
1939 			break;
1940 		/*
1941 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
1942 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
1943 		 */
1944 		local_irq_disable(); /* Just to test no-irq call_rcu(). */
1945 		cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
1946 		local_irq_enable();
1947 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
1948 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
1949 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1950 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1951 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1952 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1953 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
1954 	return 0;
1955 }
1956 
1957 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
1958 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
1959 {
1960 	int i;
1961 
1962 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
1963 	do {
1964 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1965 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
1966 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
1967 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
1968 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1969 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1970 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
1971 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
1972 			   torture_must_stop());
1973 		if (torture_must_stop())
1974 			break;
1975 		n_barrier_attempts++;
1976 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
1977 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
1978 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
1979 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
1980 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
1981 			       n_barrier_cbs);
1982 			WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1983 		} else {
1984 			n_barrier_successes++;
1985 		}
1986 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
1987 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1988 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
1989 	return 0;
1990 }
1991 
1992 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
1993 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
1994 {
1995 	int i;
1996 	int ret;
1997 
1998 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
1999 		return 0;
2000 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
2001 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2002 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
2003 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
2004 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2005 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
2006 			 torture_type);
2007 		return 0;
2008 	}
2009 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
2010 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2011 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
2012 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
2013 			GFP_KERNEL);
2014 	barrier_cbs_wq =
2015 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
2016 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
2017 		return -ENOMEM;
2018 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
2019 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2020 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2021 					     (void *)(long)i,
2022 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2023 		if (ret)
2024 			return ret;
2025 	}
2026 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
2027 }
2028 
2029 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
2030 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
2031 {
2032 	int i;
2033 
2034 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
2035 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
2036 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2037 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2038 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2039 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
2040 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
2041 	}
2042 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
2043 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
2044 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
2045 	}
2046 }
2047 
2048 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
2049 {
2050 	static int boost_warn_once;
2051 	int prio;
2052 
2053 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
2054 		return false;
2055 
2056 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
2057 	if (!prio)
2058 		return false;
2059 
2060 	if (prio < 2) {
2061 		if (boost_warn_once  == 1)
2062 			return false;
2063 
2064 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2065 		boost_warn_once = 1;
2066 		return false;
2067 	}
2068 
2069 	return true;
2070 }
2071 
2072 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
2073 
2074 static void
2075 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
2076 {
2077 	int firsttime;
2078 	int flags = 0;
2079 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2080 	int i;
2081 
2082 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
2083 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2084 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2085 		return;
2086 	}
2087 	if (!cur_ops) {
2088 		torture_cleanup_end();
2089 		return;
2090 	}
2091 
2092 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
2093 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_task);
2094 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
2095 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
2096 
2097 	if (reader_tasks) {
2098 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
2099 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
2100 					     reader_tasks[i]);
2101 		kfree(reader_tasks);
2102 	}
2103 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
2104 
2105 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
2106 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2107 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2108 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2109 		}
2110 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
2111 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
2112 	}
2113 
2114 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2115 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2116 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%lu f%#x\n",
2117 		 cur_ops->name, gp_seq, flags);
2118 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
2119 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
2120 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost())
2121 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
2122 
2123 	/*
2124 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
2125 	 * cleanup operations.
2126 	 */
2127 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2128 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2129 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
2130 		cur_ops->cleanup();
2131 
2132 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
2133 
2134 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
2135 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
2136 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
2137 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
2138 		firsttime = 1;
2139 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
2140 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
2141 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
2142 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2143 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
2144 				firsttime = 0;
2145 			}
2146 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
2147 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2148 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
2149 				firsttime = 0;
2150 			}
2151 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
2152 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2153 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
2154 				firsttime = 0;
2155 			}
2156 			pr_cont("%s\n",
2157 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
2158 
2159 		}
2160 	}
2161 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
2162 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
2163 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
2164 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
2165 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
2166 	else
2167 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
2168 	torture_cleanup_end();
2169 }
2170 
2171 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2172 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2173 {
2174 }
2175 
2176 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2177 {
2178 	/*
2179 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
2180 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
2181 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
2182 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
2183 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
2184 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
2185 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
2186 	 */
2187 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2188 }
2189 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2190 
2191 /*
2192  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
2193  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
2194  * cannot be carried out.
2195  */
2196 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
2197 {
2198 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2199 	struct rcu_head rh1;
2200 	struct rcu_head rh2;
2201 
2202 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2203 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2204 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2205 
2206 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
2207 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
2208 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
2209 	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
2210 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
2211 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
2212 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
2213 	local_irq_enable();
2214 	rcu_read_unlock();
2215 	preempt_enable();
2216 
2217 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
2218 	rcu_barrier();
2219 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2220 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2221 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2222 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2223 	pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2224 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2225 }
2226 
2227 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
2228 {
2229 	static unsigned long n;
2230 
2231 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
2232 		cur_ops->sync();
2233 }
2234 
2235 static int __init
2236 rcu_torture_init(void)
2237 {
2238 	long i;
2239 	int cpu;
2240 	int firsterr = 0;
2241 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
2242 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops,
2243 		&busted_srcud_ops, &tasks_ops,
2244 	};
2245 
2246 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
2247 		return -EBUSY;
2248 
2249 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
2250 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
2251 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
2252 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
2253 			break;
2254 	}
2255 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
2256 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
2257 			 torture_type);
2258 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
2259 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
2260 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
2261 		pr_cont("\n");
2262 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
2263 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
2264 		cur_ops = NULL;
2265 		goto unwind;
2266 	}
2267 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
2268 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
2269 		fqs_duration = 0;
2270 	}
2271 	if (cur_ops->init)
2272 		cur_ops->init();
2273 
2274 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
2275 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
2276 	} else {
2277 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
2278 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
2279 			nrealreaders = 1;
2280 	}
2281 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
2282 
2283 	/* Set up the freelist. */
2284 
2285 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
2286 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
2287 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
2288 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
2289 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
2290 	}
2291 
2292 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
2293 
2294 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
2295 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
2296 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
2297 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
2298 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
2299 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
2300 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
2301 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
2302 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
2303 	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
2304 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
2305 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
2306 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2307 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
2308 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2309 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2310 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
2311 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
2312 		}
2313 	}
2314 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
2315 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
2316 
2317 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
2318 
2319 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
2320 					  writer_task);
2321 	if (firsterr)
2322 		goto unwind;
2323 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
2324 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
2325 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
2326 					   GFP_KERNEL);
2327 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
2328 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2329 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2330 			goto unwind;
2331 		}
2332 	}
2333 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2334 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2335 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2336 		if (firsterr)
2337 			goto unwind;
2338 	}
2339 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
2340 			       GFP_KERNEL);
2341 	if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
2342 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2343 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2344 		goto unwind;
2345 	}
2346 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
2347 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
2348 						  reader_tasks[i]);
2349 		if (firsterr)
2350 			goto unwind;
2351 	}
2352 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
2353 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
2354 						  stats_task);
2355 		if (firsterr)
2356 			goto unwind;
2357 	}
2358 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
2359 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
2360 		if (firsterr)
2361 			goto unwind;
2362 	}
2363 	if (stutter < 0)
2364 		stutter = 0;
2365 	if (stutter) {
2366 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ);
2367 		if (firsterr)
2368 			goto unwind;
2369 	}
2370 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
2371 		fqs_duration = 0;
2372 	if (fqs_duration) {
2373 		/* Create the fqs thread */
2374 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
2375 						  fqs_task);
2376 		if (firsterr)
2377 			goto unwind;
2378 	}
2379 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
2380 		test_boost_interval = 1;
2381 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
2382 		test_boost_duration = 2;
2383 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
2384 
2385 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
2386 
2387 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
2388 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
2389 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
2390 		if (firsterr < 0)
2391 			goto unwind;
2392 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
2393 	}
2394 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
2395 	if (firsterr)
2396 		goto unwind;
2397 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
2398 				      rcutorture_sync);
2399 	if (firsterr)
2400 		goto unwind;
2401 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
2402 	if (firsterr)
2403 		goto unwind;
2404 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
2405 	if (firsterr)
2406 		goto unwind;
2407 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
2408 	if (firsterr)
2409 		goto unwind;
2410 	if (object_debug)
2411 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
2412 	torture_init_end();
2413 	return 0;
2414 
2415 unwind:
2416 	torture_init_end();
2417 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
2418 	return firsterr;
2419 }
2420 
2421 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
2422 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
2423