xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision 842ed298)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.rst
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
25 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
26 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
27 #include <linux/atomic.h>
28 #include <linux/bitops.h>
29 #include <linux/completion.h>
30 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
31 #include <linux/percpu.h>
32 #include <linux/notifier.h>
33 #include <linux/reboot.h>
34 #include <linux/freezer.h>
35 #include <linux/cpu.h>
36 #include <linux/delay.h>
37 #include <linux/stat.h>
38 #include <linux/srcu.h>
39 #include <linux/slab.h>
40 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
41 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
42 #include <linux/torture.h>
43 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
44 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
46 #include <linux/oom.h>
47 #include <linux/tick.h>
48 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
49 
50 #include "rcu.h"
51 
52 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
53 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
54 
55 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
56 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
57 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK	 ((1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) - 1)
58 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 6	/* Number of bits defined above. */
65 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
66 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
67 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
69 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
70 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
71 
72 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
73 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
74 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
75 	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
76 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
77 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
78 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress, 1, "Test grace-period forward progress");
79 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
80 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60,
81 	      "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
82 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1,
83 	      "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
84 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
85 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
86 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
87 	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
88 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
89 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
90 torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
91 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
92 	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
93 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
94 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
95 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
96 	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
97 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
98 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
99 	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
100 torture_param(int, read_exit_delay, 13,
101 	      "Delay between read-then-exit episodes (s)");
102 torture_param(int, read_exit_burst, 16,
103 	      "# of read-then-exit bursts per episode, zero to disable");
104 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
105 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
106 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
107 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
108 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
109 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
110 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_block, 0, "Sleep while stalling.");
111 torture_param(int, stall_gp_kthread, 0,
112 	      "Grace-period kthread stall duration (s).");
113 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
114 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
115 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
116 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
117 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
118 	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
119 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
120 	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
121 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
122 	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
123 torture_param(int, verbose, 1,
124 	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
125 
126 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
127 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
128 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
129 
130 static int nrealreaders;
131 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
132 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
133 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
134 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
135 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
136 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
137 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
138 static struct task_struct *fwd_prog_task;
139 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
140 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
141 static struct task_struct *read_exit_task;
142 
143 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
144 
145 struct rcu_torture {
146 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
147 	int rtort_pipe_count;
148 	struct list_head rtort_free;
149 	int rtort_mbtest;
150 };
151 
152 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
153 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
154 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
155 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
156 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
157 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
158 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
159 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
160 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
161 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
162 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
163 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
164 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
165 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
166 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
167 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
168 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
169 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
170 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
171 static long n_barrier_attempts;
172 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
173 static unsigned long n_read_exits;
174 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
175 static unsigned long shutdown_jiffies;
176 static unsigned long start_gp_seq;
177 
178 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
179 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
180 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
181 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
182 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
183 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
184 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
185 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
186 #define RTWS_SYNC		7
187 #define RTWS_STUTTER		8
188 #define RTWS_STOPPING		9
189 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
190 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
191 	"RTWS_DELAY",
192 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
193 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
194 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
195 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
196 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
197 	"RTWS_SYNC",
198 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
199 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
200 };
201 
202 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
203 struct rt_read_seg {
204 	int rt_readstate;
205 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
206 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
207 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
208 	bool rt_preempted;
209 };
210 static int err_segs_recorded;
211 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
212 static int rt_read_nsegs;
213 
214 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
215 {
216 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
217 
218 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
219 		return "???";
220 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
221 }
222 
223 #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
224 #define rcu_can_boost() 1
225 #else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
226 #define rcu_can_boost() 0
227 #endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
228 
229 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
230 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
231 {
232 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
233 
234 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
235 	return ts;
236 }
237 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
238 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
239 {
240 	return 0ULL;
241 }
242 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
243 
244 /*
245  * Stop aggressive CPU-hog tests a bit before the end of the test in order
246  * to avoid interfering with test shutdown.
247  */
248 static bool shutdown_time_arrived(void)
249 {
250 	return shutdown_secs && time_after(jiffies, shutdown_jiffies - 30 * HZ);
251 }
252 
253 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
254 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
255 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
256 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
257 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
258 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
259 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
260 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
261 
262 static bool rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;		/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
263 
264 /*
265  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
266  */
267 static struct rcu_torture *
268 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
269 {
270 	struct list_head *p;
271 
272 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
273 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
274 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
275 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
276 		return NULL;
277 	}
278 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
279 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
280 	list_del_init(p);
281 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
282 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
283 }
284 
285 /*
286  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
287  */
288 static void
289 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
290 {
291 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
292 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
293 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
294 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
295 }
296 
297 /*
298  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
299  */
300 
301 struct rcu_torture_ops {
302 	int ttype;
303 	void (*init)(void);
304 	void (*cleanup)(void);
305 	int (*readlock)(void);
306 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
307 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
308 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
309 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
310 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
311 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
312 	void (*sync)(void);
313 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
314 	unsigned long (*get_state)(void);
315 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
316 	call_rcu_func_t call;
317 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
318 	void (*fqs)(void);
319 	void (*stats)(void);
320 	void (*gp_kthread_dbg)(void);
321 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
322 	int irq_capable;
323 	int can_boost;
324 	int extendables;
325 	int slow_gps;
326 	const char *name;
327 };
328 
329 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
330 
331 /*
332  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
333  */
334 
335 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
336 {
337 	rcu_read_lock();
338 	return 0;
339 }
340 
341 static void
342 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
343 {
344 	unsigned long started;
345 	unsigned long completed;
346 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
347 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
348 	unsigned long long ts;
349 
350 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
351 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
352 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
353 
354 	if (!READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
355 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
356 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
357 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
358 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
359 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
360 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
361 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
362 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
363 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
364 					  started, completed);
365 	}
366 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
367 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
368 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
369 	}
370 	if (!preempt_count() &&
371 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
372 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
373 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
374 	}
375 }
376 
377 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
378 {
379 	rcu_read_unlock();
380 }
381 
382 /*
383  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
384  */
385 static bool
386 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
387 {
388 	int i;
389 
390 	i = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
391 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
392 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
393 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
394 	WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count, i + 1);
395 	if (rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
396 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
397 		return true;
398 	}
399 	return false;
400 }
401 
402 /*
403  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
404  * primitives.
405  */
406 static void
407 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
408 {
409 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
410 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
411 
412 	if (old_rp)
413 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
414 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
415 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
416 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
417 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
418 		}
419 	}
420 }
421 
422 static void
423 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
424 {
425 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
426 
427 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
428 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
429 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
430 		return;
431 	}
432 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
433 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
434 	else
435 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
436 }
437 
438 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
439 {
440 	return 0;
441 }
442 
443 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
444 {
445 	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
446 }
447 
448 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
449 {
450 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
451 }
452 
453 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
454 	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
455 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
456 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
457 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
458 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
459 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_get_gp_seq,
460 	.gp_diff	= rcu_seq_diff,
461 	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
462 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
463 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
464 	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
465 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
466 	.call		= call_rcu,
467 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
468 	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
469 	.stats		= NULL,
470 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_gp_kthreads,
471 	.stall_dur	= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
472 	.irq_capable	= 1,
473 	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
474 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
475 	.name		= "rcu"
476 };
477 
478 /*
479  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
480  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
481  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
482  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
483  * buggy-RCU error messages.
484  */
485 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
486 {
487 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
488 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
489 }
490 
491 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
492 {
493 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
494 }
495 
496 static void
497 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
498 {
499 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
500 	func(head);
501 }
502 
503 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
504 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
505 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
506 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
507 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
508 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
509 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
510 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
511 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
512 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
513 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
514 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
515 	.fqs		= NULL,
516 	.stats		= NULL,
517 	.irq_capable	= 1,
518 	.name		= "busted"
519 };
520 
521 /*
522  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
523  */
524 
525 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
526 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
527 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
528 
529 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(srcu_ctlp)
530 {
531 	return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
532 }
533 
534 static void
535 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
536 {
537 	long delay;
538 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
539 	const long longdelay = 10;
540 
541 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
542 
543 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
544 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
545 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
546 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
547 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
548 	} else {
549 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
550 	}
551 }
552 
553 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(srcu_ctlp)
554 {
555 	srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
556 }
557 
558 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
559 {
560 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
561 }
562 
563 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
564 {
565 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
566 }
567 
568 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
569 {
570 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
571 }
572 
573 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
574 			      rcu_callback_t func)
575 {
576 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
577 }
578 
579 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
580 {
581 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
582 }
583 
584 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
585 {
586 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
587 }
588 
589 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
590 {
591 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
592 }
593 
594 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
595 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
596 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
597 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
598 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
599 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
600 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
601 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
602 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
603 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
604 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
605 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
606 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
607 	.irq_capable	= 1,
608 	.name		= "srcu"
609 };
610 
611 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
612 {
613 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
614 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
615 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
616 }
617 
618 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
619 {
620 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
621 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
622 }
623 
624 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
625 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
626 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
627 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
628 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
629 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
630 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
631 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
632 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
633 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
634 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
635 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
636 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
637 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
638 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
639 	.irq_capable	= 1,
640 	.name		= "srcud"
641 };
642 
643 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
644 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
645 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
646 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
647 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
648 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
649 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
650 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
651 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
652 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
653 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
654 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
655 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
656 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
657 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
658 	.irq_capable	= 1,
659 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
660 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
661 };
662 
663 /*
664  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
665  */
666 
667 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
668 {
669 	return 0;
670 }
671 
672 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
673 {
674 }
675 
676 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
677 {
678 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
679 }
680 
681 static void synchronize_rcu_mult_test(void)
682 {
683 	synchronize_rcu_mult(call_rcu_tasks, call_rcu);
684 }
685 
686 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
687 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
688 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
689 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
690 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
691 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
692 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
693 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
694 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
695 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_mult_test,
696 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
697 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
698 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_classic_gp_kthread,
699 	.fqs		= NULL,
700 	.stats		= NULL,
701 	.irq_capable	= 1,
702 	.slow_gps	= 1,
703 	.name		= "tasks"
704 };
705 
706 /*
707  * Definitions for trivial CONFIG_PREEMPT=n-only torture testing.
708  * This implementation does not necessarily work well with CPU hotplug.
709  */
710 
711 static void synchronize_rcu_trivial(void)
712 {
713 	int cpu;
714 
715 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
716 		rcutorture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu));
717 		WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu);
718 	}
719 }
720 
721 static int rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial(void) __acquires(RCU)
722 {
723 	preempt_disable();
724 	return 0;
725 }
726 
727 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial(int idx) __releases(RCU)
728 {
729 	preempt_enable();
730 }
731 
732 static struct rcu_torture_ops trivial_ops = {
733 	.ttype		= RCU_TRIVIAL_FLAVOR,
734 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
735 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
736 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
737 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
738 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
739 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
740 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
741 	.fqs		= NULL,
742 	.stats		= NULL,
743 	.irq_capable	= 1,
744 	.name		= "trivial"
745 };
746 
747 /*
748  * Definitions for rude RCU-tasks torture testing.
749  */
750 
751 static void rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
752 {
753 	call_rcu_tasks_rude(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
754 }
755 
756 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_rude_ops = {
757 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_RUDE_FLAVOR,
758 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
759 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
760 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
761 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
762 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
763 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free,
764 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
765 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
766 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_rude,
767 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_rude,
768 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_rude_gp_kthread,
769 	.fqs		= NULL,
770 	.stats		= NULL,
771 	.irq_capable	= 1,
772 	.name		= "tasks-rude"
773 };
774 
775 /*
776  * Definitions for tracing RCU-tasks torture testing.
777  */
778 
779 static int tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock(void)
780 {
781 	rcu_read_lock_trace();
782 	return 0;
783 }
784 
785 static void tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
786 {
787 	rcu_read_unlock_trace();
788 }
789 
790 static void rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
791 {
792 	call_rcu_tasks_trace(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
793 }
794 
795 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_tracing_ops = {
796 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_TRACING_FLAVOR,
797 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
798 	.readlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock,
799 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse srcu's version. */
800 	.readunlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock,
801 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
802 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free,
803 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
804 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
805 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_trace,
806 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_trace,
807 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread,
808 	.fqs		= NULL,
809 	.stats		= NULL,
810 	.irq_capable	= 1,
811 	.slow_gps	= 1,
812 	.name		= "tasks-tracing"
813 };
814 
815 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
816 {
817 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
818 		return new - old;
819 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
820 }
821 
822 static bool __maybe_unused torturing_tasks(void)
823 {
824 	return cur_ops == &tasks_ops || cur_ops == &tasks_rude_ops;
825 }
826 
827 /*
828  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
829  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
830  * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
831  * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
832  */
833 
834 struct rcu_boost_inflight {
835 	struct rcu_head rcu;
836 	int inflight;
837 };
838 
839 static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
840 {
841 	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
842 		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
843 
844 	/* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
845 	smp_store_release(&rbip->inflight, 0);
846 }
847 
848 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
849 
850 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
851 {
852 	/*
853 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
854 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
855 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
856 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
857 	 */
858 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
859 		return;
860 
861 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
862 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
863 }
864 
865 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
866 {
867 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
868 		return;
869 
870 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
871 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
872 }
873 
874 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
875 {
876 	if (end - start > test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
877 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
878 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
879 
880 		return true; /* failed */
881 	}
882 
883 	return false; /* passed */
884 }
885 
886 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
887 {
888 	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
889 	unsigned long endtime;
890 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
891 	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
892 
893 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
894 
895 	/* Set real-time priority. */
896 	sched_set_fifo_low(current);
897 
898 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
899 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
900 	do {
901 		/* Track if the test failed already in this test interval? */
902 		bool failed = false;
903 
904 		/* Increment n_rcu_torture_boosts once per boost-test */
905 		while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
906 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
907 				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
908 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
909 				break;
910 			}
911 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
912 		}
913 		if (kthread_should_stop())
914 			goto checkwait;
915 
916 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
917 		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
918 		while (time_before(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
919 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
920 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
921 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
922 			if (torture_must_stop())
923 				goto checkwait;
924 		}
925 
926 		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
927 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
928 		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
929 		while (time_before(jiffies, endtime)) {
930 			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
931 			if (!smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
932 				/* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
933 				smp_store_release(&rbi.inflight, 1);
934 				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
935 				/* Check if the boost test failed */
936 				failed = failed ||
937 					 rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time,
938 								 jiffies);
939 				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
940 			}
941 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
942 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
943 			if (torture_must_stop())
944 				goto checkwait;
945 		}
946 
947 		/*
948 		 * If boost never happened, then inflight will always be 1, in
949 		 * this case the boost check would never happen in the above
950 		 * loop so do another one here.
951 		 */
952 		if (!failed && smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight))
953 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time, jiffies);
954 
955 		/*
956 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
957 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
958 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
959 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
960 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
961 		 */
962 		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
963 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
964 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
965 				boost_starttime = jiffies +
966 						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
967 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
968 				break;
969 			}
970 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
971 		}
972 
973 		/* Go do the stutter. */
974 checkwait:	if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
975 			sched_set_fifo_low(current);
976 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
977 
978 	/* Clean up and exit. */
979 	while (!kthread_should_stop() || smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
980 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
981 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
982 	}
983 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
984 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
985 	return 0;
986 }
987 
988 /*
989  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
990  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
991  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
992  */
993 static int
994 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
995 {
996 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
997 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
998 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
999 
1000 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
1001 	do {
1002 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
1003 		while (time_before(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
1004 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1005 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1006 		}
1007 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
1008 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
1009 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1010 			cur_ops->fqs();
1011 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
1012 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
1013 		}
1014 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs"))
1015 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1016 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1017 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
1018 	return 0;
1019 }
1020 
1021 /*
1022  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
1023  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
1024  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
1025  */
1026 static int
1027 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
1028 {
1029 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1030 	int expediting = 0;
1031 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1032 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
1033 	bool gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
1034 	int i;
1035 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1036 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
1037 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
1038 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1039 	bool stutter_waited;
1040 	int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC,
1041 			   RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
1042 	int nsynctypes = 0;
1043 
1044 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
1045 	if (!can_expedite)
1046 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1047 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
1048 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1049 
1050 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
1051 	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_sync1)
1052 		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_sync1 = true;
1053 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
1054 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
1055 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
1056 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
1057 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
1058 	}
1059 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1060 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1061 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1062 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1063 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1064 	}
1065 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1066 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1067 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
1068 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1069 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
1070 	}
1071 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
1072 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
1073 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
1074 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
1075 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
1076 	}
1077 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1078 		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
1079 		/*
1080 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1081 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1082 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1083 		 */
1084 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1085 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1086 	}
1087 
1088 	do {
1089 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
1090 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
1091 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
1092 		if (rp == NULL)
1093 			continue;
1094 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
1095 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1096 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1097 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1098 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1099 					       current == writer_task);
1100 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1101 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1102 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1103 		if (old_rp) {
1104 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1105 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1106 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1107 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1108 			WRITE_ONCE(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count,
1109 				   old_rp->rtort_pipe_count + 1);
1110 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1111 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1112 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1113 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1114 				break;
1115 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1116 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1117 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1118 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1119 				break;
1120 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1121 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1122 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_state();
1123 				i = torture_random(&rand) % 16;
1124 				if (i != 0)
1125 					schedule_timeout_interruptible(i);
1126 				udelay(torture_random(&rand) % 1000);
1127 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1128 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1129 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1130 				break;
1131 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1132 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1133 				cur_ops->sync();
1134 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1135 				break;
1136 			default:
1137 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1138 				break;
1139 			}
1140 		}
1141 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1142 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1143 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1144 		if (can_expedite &&
1145 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1146 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1147 			if (expediting >= 0)
1148 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1149 			else
1150 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1151 			if (++expediting > 3)
1152 				expediting = -expediting;
1153 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1154 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1155 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1156 		}
1157 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1158 		stutter_waited = stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
1159 		if (stutter_waited &&
1160 		    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
1161 		    !cur_ops->slow_gps &&
1162 		    !torture_must_stop() &&
1163 		    rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
1164 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1165 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free) &&
1166 				    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) !=
1167 				    &rcu_tortures[i]) {
1168 					rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1169 					WARN(1, "%s: rtort_pipe_count: %d\n", __func__, rcu_tortures[i].rtort_pipe_count);
1170 				}
1171 		if (stutter_waited)
1172 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1173 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1174 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;  // Let stats task know that we are done.
1175 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1176 	if (expediting > 0)
1177 		expediting = -expediting;
1178 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1179 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1180 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1181 	if (!can_expedite)
1182 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1183 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1184 			 torture_type);
1185 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1186 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1187 	return 0;
1188 }
1189 
1190 /*
1191  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1192  * delay between calls.
1193  */
1194 static int
1195 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1196 {
1197 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1198 
1199 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1200 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1201 
1202 	do {
1203 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + torture_random(&rand)%10);
1204 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1205 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1206 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1207 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1208 		} else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
1209 			if (cur_ops->sync && torture_random(&rand) & 0x80)
1210 				cur_ops->sync();
1211 			else if (cur_ops->exp_sync)
1212 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1213 		} else if (gp_normal && cur_ops->sync) {
1214 			cur_ops->sync();
1215 		} else if (cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1216 			cur_ops->exp_sync();
1217 		}
1218 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1219 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1220 
1221 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1222 	return 0;
1223 }
1224 
1225 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1226 {
1227 	kfree(rhp);
1228 }
1229 
1230 /*
1231  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1232  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1233  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1234  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1235  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1236  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1237  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1238  */
1239 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1240 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1241 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1242 {
1243 	unsigned long flags;
1244 	int idxnew = -1;
1245 	int idxold = *readstate;
1246 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1247 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1248 
1249 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold < 0);
1250 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1251 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1252 
1253 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1254 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1255 		local_bh_disable();
1256 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1257 		local_irq_disable();
1258 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1259 		preempt_disable();
1260 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1261 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1262 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1263 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1264 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU)
1265 		idxnew = cur_ops->readlock() << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT;
1266 
1267 	/* Next, remove old protection, irq first due to bh conflict. */
1268 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1269 		local_irq_enable();
1270 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1271 		local_bh_enable();
1272 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1273 		preempt_enable();
1274 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1275 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1276 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1277 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1278 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU) {
1279 		bool lockit = !statesnew && !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xffff);
1280 
1281 		if (lockit)
1282 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1283 		cur_ops->readunlock(idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1284 		if (lockit)
1285 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1286 	}
1287 
1288 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1289 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1290 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1291 
1292 	/* Update the reader state. */
1293 	if (idxnew == -1)
1294 		idxnew = idxold & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK;
1295 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew < 0);
1296 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1297 	*readstate = idxnew | newstate;
1298 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) < 0);
1299 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1300 }
1301 
1302 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1303 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1304 {
1305 	int mask;
1306 
1307 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1308 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1309 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1310 	return mask;
1311 }
1312 
1313 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1314 static int
1315 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1316 {
1317 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1318 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp) >> 8;
1319 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1320 
1321 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1322 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
1323 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1324 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1325 	else
1326 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1327 	/* Can't enable bh w/irq disabled. */
1328 	if ((mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) &&
1329 	    ((!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)) ||
1330 	     (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH))))
1331 		mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1332 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1333 }
1334 
1335 /*
1336  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1337  * critical section.
1338  */
1339 static struct rt_read_seg *
1340 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1341 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1342 {
1343 	int i;
1344 	int j;
1345 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1346 
1347 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1348 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1349 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1350 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1351 	i = (torture_random(trsp) >> 3);
1352 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1353 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1354 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1355 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1356 	}
1357 	return &rtrsp[j];
1358 }
1359 
1360 /*
1361  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1362  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1363  * from a timer handler.
1364  */
1365 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1366 {
1367 	int i;
1368 	unsigned long started;
1369 	unsigned long completed;
1370 	int newstate;
1371 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1372 	int pipe_count;
1373 	int readstate = 0;
1374 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1375 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
1376 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
1377 	unsigned long long ts;
1378 
1379 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_is_watching());
1380 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
1381 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
1382 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1383 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1384 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1385 				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1386 				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1387 				  srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp) ||
1388 				  rcu_read_lock_trace_held() ||
1389 				  torturing_tasks());
1390 	if (p == NULL) {
1391 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1392 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1393 		return false;
1394 	}
1395 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1396 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1397 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
1398 	preempt_disable();
1399 	pipe_count = READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count);
1400 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1401 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1402 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1403 	}
1404 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1405 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1406 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1407 					  ts, started, completed);
1408 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1409 	}
1410 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1411 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
1412 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1413 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1414 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1415 	}
1416 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1417 	preempt_enable();
1418 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1419 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK);
1420 	// This next splat is expected behavior if leakpointer, especially
1421 	// for CONFIG_RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD=y kernels.
1422 	WARN_ON_ONCE(leakpointer && READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count) > 1);
1423 
1424 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
1425 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
1426 		i = 0;
1427 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
1428 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
1429 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
1430 	}
1431 
1432 	return true;
1433 }
1434 
1435 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
1436 
1437 /*
1438  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1439  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1440  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1441  * RCU implementation is broken.
1442  */
1443 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
1444 {
1445 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
1446 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand));
1447 
1448 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
1449 	if (cur_ops->call) {
1450 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
1451 
1452 		if (rhp)
1453 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
1454 	}
1455 }
1456 
1457 /*
1458  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1459  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1460  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1461  * RCU implementation is broken.
1462  */
1463 static int
1464 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1465 {
1466 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
1467 	long myid = (long)arg;
1468 	int mynumonline = myid;
1469 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1470 	struct timer_list t;
1471 
1472 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1473 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1474 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1475 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1476 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
1477 	do {
1478 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1479 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1480 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1481 		}
1482 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand) && !torture_must_stop())
1483 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1484 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1485 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1486 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
1487 		}
1488 		while (num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
1489 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
1490 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1491 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1492 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1493 		del_timer_sync(&t);
1494 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1495 	}
1496 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
1497 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1498 	return 0;
1499 }
1500 
1501 /*
1502  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1503  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1504  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1505  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1506  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1507  * thread is not running).
1508  */
1509 static void
1510 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1511 {
1512 	int cpu;
1513 	int i;
1514 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1515 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1516 	struct rcu_torture *rtcp;
1517 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1518 	static bool splatted;
1519 	struct task_struct *wtp;
1520 
1521 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1522 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1523 			pipesummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i]);
1524 			batchsummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i]);
1525 		}
1526 	}
1527 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1528 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1529 			break;
1530 	}
1531 
1532 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1533 	rtcp = rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current);
1534 	pr_cont("rtc: %p %s: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1535 		rtcp,
1536 		rtcp && !rcu_stall_is_suppressed_at_boot() ? "ver" : "VER",
1537 		rcu_torture_current_version,
1538 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1539 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1540 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1541 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1542 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1543 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1544 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
1545 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1546 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1547 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1548 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1549 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1550 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
1551 	torture_onoff_stats();
1552 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
1553 		data_race(n_barrier_successes),
1554 		data_race(n_barrier_attempts),
1555 		data_race(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error));
1556 	pr_cont("read-exits: %ld\n", data_race(n_read_exits));
1557 
1558 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1559 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) ||
1560 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error || n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror ||
1561 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror || n_rcu_torture_boost_failure ||
1562 	    i > 1) {
1563 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1564 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1565 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror));
1566 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);  // rcu_barrier()
1567 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror); // no boost kthread
1568 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror); // can't set RT prio
1569 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_failure); // RCU boost failed
1570 		WARN_ON_ONCE(i > 1); // Too-short grace period
1571 	}
1572 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1573 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1574 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1575 	pr_cont("\n");
1576 
1577 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1578 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1579 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1580 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1581 	pr_cont("\n");
1582 
1583 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1584 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1585 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1586 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1587 	}
1588 	pr_cont("\n");
1589 
1590 	if (cur_ops->stats)
1591 		cur_ops->stats();
1592 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1593 	    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) &&
1594 	    !rcu_stall_is_suppressed()) {
1595 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
1596 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
1597 
1598 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1599 				       &flags, &gp_seq);
1600 		srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp,
1601 					&flags, &gp_seq);
1602 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
1603 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#lx cpu %d\n",
1604 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1605 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
1606 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0UL : wtp->state,
1607 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
1608 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
1609 			sched_show_task(wtp);
1610 			splatted = true;
1611 		}
1612 		if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
1613 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1614 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1615 	}
1616 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1617 }
1618 
1619 /*
1620  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1621  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1622  */
1623 static int
1624 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1625 {
1626 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1627 	do {
1628 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1629 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1630 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1631 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1632 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1633 	return 0;
1634 }
1635 
1636 static void
1637 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1638 {
1639 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1640 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1641 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1642 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1643 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1644 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1645 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1646 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
1647 		 "stall_cpu_block=%d "
1648 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1649 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d "
1650 		 "read_exit_delay=%d read_exit_burst=%d\n",
1651 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1652 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1653 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1654 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1655 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1656 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
1657 		 stall_cpu_block,
1658 		 n_barrier_cbs,
1659 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff,
1660 		 read_exit_delay, read_exit_burst);
1661 }
1662 
1663 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
1664 {
1665 	struct task_struct *t;
1666 
1667 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1668 		return 0;
1669 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1670 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1671 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1672 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
1673 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1674 
1675 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1676 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1677 	return 0;
1678 }
1679 
1680 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
1681 {
1682 	int retval;
1683 
1684 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1685 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1686 
1687 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1688 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1689 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
1690 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1691 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1692 						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1693 						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1694 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1695 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1696 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1697 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1698 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1699 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1700 		return retval;
1701 	}
1702 	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1703 	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1704 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1705 	return 0;
1706 }
1707 
1708 /*
1709  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1710  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1711  */
1712 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1713 {
1714 	int idx;
1715 	unsigned long stop_at;
1716 
1717 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1718 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1719 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1720 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1721 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1722 	}
1723 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_gp_kthread > 0) {
1724 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin GP stall");
1725 		rcu_gp_set_torture_wait(stall_gp_kthread * HZ);
1726 		for (idx = 0; idx < stall_gp_kthread + 2; idx++) {
1727 			if (kthread_should_stop())
1728 				break;
1729 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
1730 		}
1731 	}
1732 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_cpu > 0) {
1733 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin CPU stall");
1734 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1735 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1736 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1737 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1738 			local_irq_disable();
1739 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
1740 			preempt_disable();
1741 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start on CPU %d.\n",
1742 			 raw_smp_processor_id());
1743 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(),
1744 				    stop_at))
1745 			if (stall_cpu_block)
1746 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
1747 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1748 			local_irq_enable();
1749 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
1750 			preempt_enable();
1751 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1752 	}
1753 	pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1754 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1755 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1756 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1757 	return 0;
1758 }
1759 
1760 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1761 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1762 {
1763 	if (stall_cpu <= 0 && stall_gp_kthread <= 0)
1764 		return 0;
1765 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1766 }
1767 
1768 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
1769 struct fwd_cb_state {
1770 	struct rcu_head rh;
1771 	int stop;
1772 };
1773 
1774 /*
1775  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
1776  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
1777  * critical section.
1778  */
1779 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1780 {
1781 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
1782 
1783 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
1784 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
1785 		return;
1786 	}
1787 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1788 }
1789 
1790 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1791 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
1792 	struct rcu_head rh;
1793 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
1794 	struct rcu_fwd *rfc_rfp;
1795 	int rfc_gps;
1796 };
1797 
1798 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
1799 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
1800 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
1801 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
1802 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
1803 
1804 struct rcu_launder_hist {
1805 	long n_launders;
1806 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
1807 };
1808 
1809 struct rcu_fwd {
1810 	spinlock_t rcu_fwd_lock;
1811 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1812 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
1813 	long n_launders_cb;
1814 	unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
1815 	struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
1816 	unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
1817 };
1818 
1819 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_fwd_mutex);
1820 static struct rcu_fwd *rcu_fwds;
1821 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
1822 
1823 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
1824 {
1825 	unsigned long gps;
1826 	unsigned long gps_old;
1827 	int i;
1828 	int j;
1829 
1830 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
1831 		if (rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
1832 			break;
1833 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram (duration %lu jiffies):",
1834 		 __func__, jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat);
1835 	gps_old = rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
1836 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
1837 		gps = rfp->n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
1838 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
1839 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV,
1840 			rfp->n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
1841 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
1842 		gps_old = gps;
1843 	}
1844 	pr_cont("\n");
1845 }
1846 
1847 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1848 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1849 {
1850 	unsigned long flags;
1851 	int i;
1852 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
1853 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
1854 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = rfcp->rfc_rfp;
1855 
1856 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
1857 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
1858 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1859 	rfcpp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
1860 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
1861 	WRITE_ONCE(*rfcpp, rfcp);
1862 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb, rfp->n_launders_cb + 1);
1863 	i = ((jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
1864 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist))
1865 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1;
1866 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
1867 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1868 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1869 }
1870 
1871 // Give the scheduler a chance, even on nohz_full CPUs.
1872 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(unsigned long iter)
1873 {
1874 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)) {
1875 		// Real call_rcu() floods hit userspace, so emulate that.
1876 		if (need_resched() || (iter & 0xfff))
1877 			schedule();
1878 		return;
1879 	}
1880 	// No userspace emulation: CB invocation throttles call_rcu()
1881 	cond_resched();
1882 }
1883 
1884 /*
1885  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
1886  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
1887  */
1888 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
1889 {
1890 	unsigned long flags;
1891 	unsigned long freed = 0;
1892 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1893 
1894 	for (;;) {
1895 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1896 		rfcp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1897 		if (!rfcp) {
1898 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1899 			break;
1900 		}
1901 		rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
1902 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head)
1903 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1904 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1905 		kfree(rfcp);
1906 		freed++;
1907 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(freed);
1908 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
1909 			local_irq_save(flags);
1910 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
1911 			local_irq_restore(flags);
1912 		}
1913 	}
1914 	return freed;
1915 }
1916 
1917 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
1918 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp,
1919 				    int *tested, int *tested_tries)
1920 {
1921 	unsigned long cver;
1922 	unsigned long dur;
1923 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
1924 	unsigned long gps;
1925 	int idx;
1926 	int sd;
1927 	int sd4;
1928 	bool selfpropcb = false;
1929 	unsigned long stopat;
1930 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
1931 
1932 	if (!cur_ops->sync)
1933 		return; // Cannot do need_resched() forward progress testing without ->sync.
1934 	if (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
1935 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1936 		selfpropcb = true;
1937 	}
1938 
1939 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
1940 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
1941 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
1942 	if  (selfpropcb) {
1943 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
1944 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1945 	}
1946 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
1947 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1948 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
1949 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
1950 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
1951 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
1952 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
1953 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1954 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
1955 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1956 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1957 		udelay(10);
1958 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1959 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
1960 			cond_resched();
1961 	}
1962 	(*tested_tries)++;
1963 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1964 	    !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
1965 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1966 		(*tested)++;
1967 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
1968 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
1969 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
1970 		pr_alert("%s: Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__, dur, cver, gps);
1971 	}
1972 	if (selfpropcb) {
1973 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
1974 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
1975 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
1976 	}
1977 
1978 	if (selfpropcb) {
1979 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
1980 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1981 	}
1982 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 10); /* Let kthreads recover. */
1983 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
1984 }
1985 
1986 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
1987 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
1988 {
1989 	unsigned long cver;
1990 	unsigned long flags;
1991 	unsigned long gps;
1992 	int i;
1993 	long n_launders;
1994 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
1995 	long n_launders_sa;
1996 	long n_max_cbs;
1997 	long n_max_gps;
1998 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1999 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
2000 	unsigned long stopat;
2001 	unsigned long stoppedat;
2002 
2003 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
2004 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
2005 	if (!cur_ops->call)
2006 		return; /* Can't do call_rcu() fwd prog without ->call. */
2007 
2008 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
2009 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
2010 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2011 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2012 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
2013 	n_launders = 0;
2014 	rfp->n_launders_cb = 0; // Hoist initialization for multi-kthread
2015 	n_launders_sa = 0;
2016 	n_max_cbs = 0;
2017 	n_max_gps = 0;
2018 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist); i++)
2019 		rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
2020 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2021 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2022 	rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
2023 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2024 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2025 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2026 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2027 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head);
2028 		rfcpn = NULL;
2029 		if (rfcp)
2030 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
2031 		if (rfcpn) {
2032 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
2033 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
2034 				break;
2035 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
2036 			n_launders++;
2037 			n_launders_sa++;
2038 		} else {
2039 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
2040 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
2041 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2042 				continue;
2043 			}
2044 			n_max_cbs++;
2045 			n_launders_sa = 0;
2046 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
2047 			rfcp->rfc_rfp = rfp;
2048 		}
2049 		cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
2050 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(n_launders + n_max_cbs);
2051 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2052 			local_irq_save(flags);
2053 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2054 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2055 		}
2056 	}
2057 	stoppedat = jiffies;
2058 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb);
2059 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2060 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2061 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
2062 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp);
2063 
2064 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) &&
2065 	    !shutdown_time_arrived()) {
2066 		WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED);
2067 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n",
2068 			 __func__,
2069 			 stoppedat - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
2070 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
2071 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
2072 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps);
2073 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2074 	}
2075 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ); /* Let CBs drain. */
2076 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2077 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
2078 }
2079 
2080 
2081 /*
2082  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
2083  * current forward-progress test.
2084  */
2085 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
2086 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
2087 {
2088 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2089 
2090 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2091 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2092 	if (!rfp) {
2093 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2094 		return NOTIFY_OK;
2095 	}
2096 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
2097 	     __func__);
2098 	rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2099 	rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
2100 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
2101 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
2102 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2103 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2104 	rcu_barrier();
2105 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2106 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2107 	rcu_barrier();
2108 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2109 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2110 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
2111 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
2112 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
2113 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2114 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2115 }
2116 
2117 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
2118 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
2119 };
2120 
2121 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
2122 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
2123 {
2124 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2125 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = args;
2126 	int tested = 0;
2127 	int tested_tries = 0;
2128 
2129 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
2130 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
2131 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
2132 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2133 	do {
2134 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
2135 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
2136 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_RCU) ||
2137 		    rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2138 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(rfp, &tested, &tested_tries);
2139 		if (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2140 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(rfp);
2141 
2142 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
2143 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog"))
2144 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2145 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2146 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
2147 	WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
2148 	pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
2149 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
2150 	return 0;
2151 }
2152 
2153 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
2154 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
2155 {
2156 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2157 
2158 	if (!fwd_progress)
2159 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
2160 	if ((!cur_ops->sync && !cur_ops->call) ||
2161 	    !cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0 || cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
2162 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
2163 		return 0;
2164 	}
2165 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
2166 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
2167 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TESTS))
2168 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
2169 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
2170 		return 0;
2171 	}
2172 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
2173 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
2174 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
2175 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
2176 	rfp = kzalloc(sizeof(*rfp), GFP_KERNEL);
2177 	if (!rfp)
2178 		return -ENOMEM;
2179 	spin_lock_init(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock);
2180 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2181 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2182 	rcu_fwds = rfp;
2183 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2184 	register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
2185 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, rfp, fwd_prog_task);
2186 }
2187 
2188 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup(void)
2189 {
2190 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2191 
2192 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_task);
2193 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2194 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2195 	rcu_fwds = NULL;
2196 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2197 	unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
2198 	kfree(rfp);
2199 }
2200 
2201 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
2202 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
2203 {
2204 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
2205 }
2206 
2207 /* IPI handler to get callback posted on desired CPU, if online. */
2208 static void rcu_torture_barrier1cb(void *rcu_void)
2209 {
2210 	struct rcu_head *rhp = rcu_void;
2211 
2212 	cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
2213 }
2214 
2215 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
2216 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
2217 {
2218 	long myid = (long)arg;
2219 	bool lastphase = false;
2220 	bool newphase;
2221 	struct rcu_head rcu;
2222 
2223 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
2224 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
2225 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2226 	do {
2227 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
2228 			   (newphase =
2229 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
2230 			   torture_must_stop());
2231 		lastphase = newphase;
2232 		if (torture_must_stop())
2233 			break;
2234 		/*
2235 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
2236 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
2237 		 */
2238 		if (smp_call_function_single(myid, rcu_torture_barrier1cb,
2239 					     &rcu, 1)) {
2240 			// IPI failed, so use direct call from current CPU.
2241 			cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
2242 		}
2243 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
2244 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
2245 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2246 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2247 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2248 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
2249 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
2250 	return 0;
2251 }
2252 
2253 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
2254 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
2255 {
2256 	int i;
2257 
2258 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
2259 	do {
2260 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2261 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
2262 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
2263 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
2264 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2265 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2266 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
2267 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
2268 			   torture_must_stop());
2269 		if (torture_must_stop())
2270 			break;
2271 		n_barrier_attempts++;
2272 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
2273 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
2274 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
2275 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
2276 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
2277 			       n_barrier_cbs);
2278 			WARN_ON(1);
2279 			// Wait manually for the remaining callbacks
2280 			i = 0;
2281 			do {
2282 				if (WARN_ON(i++ > HZ))
2283 					i = INT_MIN;
2284 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2285 				cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2286 			} while (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) !=
2287 				 n_barrier_cbs &&
2288 				 !torture_must_stop());
2289 			smp_mb(); // Can't trust ordering if broken.
2290 			if (!torture_must_stop())
2291 				pr_err("Recovered: barrier_cbs_invoked = %d\n",
2292 				       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked));
2293 		} else {
2294 			n_barrier_successes++;
2295 		}
2296 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
2297 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2298 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
2299 	return 0;
2300 }
2301 
2302 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
2303 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
2304 {
2305 	int i;
2306 	int ret;
2307 
2308 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
2309 		return 0;
2310 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
2311 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2312 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
2313 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
2314 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2315 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
2316 			 torture_type);
2317 		return 0;
2318 	}
2319 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
2320 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2321 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
2322 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
2323 			GFP_KERNEL);
2324 	barrier_cbs_wq =
2325 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
2326 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
2327 		return -ENOMEM;
2328 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
2329 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2330 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2331 					     (void *)(long)i,
2332 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2333 		if (ret)
2334 			return ret;
2335 	}
2336 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
2337 }
2338 
2339 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
2340 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
2341 {
2342 	int i;
2343 
2344 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
2345 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
2346 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2347 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2348 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2349 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
2350 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
2351 	}
2352 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
2353 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
2354 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
2355 	}
2356 }
2357 
2358 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
2359 {
2360 	static int boost_warn_once;
2361 	int prio;
2362 
2363 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
2364 		return false;
2365 
2366 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
2367 	if (!prio)
2368 		return false;
2369 
2370 	if (prio < 2) {
2371 		if (boost_warn_once  == 1)
2372 			return false;
2373 
2374 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2375 		boost_warn_once = 1;
2376 		return false;
2377 	}
2378 
2379 	return true;
2380 }
2381 
2382 static bool read_exit_child_stop;
2383 static bool read_exit_child_stopped;
2384 static wait_queue_head_t read_exit_wq;
2385 
2386 // Child kthread which just does an rcutorture reader and exits.
2387 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_child(void *trsp_in)
2388 {
2389 	struct torture_random_state *trsp = trsp_in;
2390 
2391 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2392 	// Minimize time between reading and exiting.
2393 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
2394 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
2395 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(trsp);
2396 	return 0;
2397 }
2398 
2399 // Parent kthread which creates and destroys read-exit child kthreads.
2400 static int rcu_torture_read_exit(void *unused)
2401 {
2402 	int count = 0;
2403 	bool errexit = false;
2404 	int i;
2405 	struct task_struct *tsp;
2406 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2407 
2408 	// Allocate and initialize.
2409 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2410 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of test");
2411 
2412 	// Each pass through this loop does one read-exit episode.
2413 	do {
2414 		if (++count > read_exit_burst) {
2415 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: End of episode");
2416 			rcu_barrier(); // Wait for task_struct free, avoid OOM.
2417 			for (i = 0; i < read_exit_delay; i++) {
2418 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2419 				if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2420 					break;
2421 			}
2422 			if (!READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2423 				VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of episode");
2424 			count = 0;
2425 		}
2426 		if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2427 			break;
2428 		// Spawn child.
2429 		tsp = kthread_run(rcu_torture_read_exit_child,
2430 				     &trs, "%s",
2431 				     "rcu_torture_read_exit_child");
2432 		if (IS_ERR(tsp)) {
2433 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2434 			errexit = true;
2435 			tsp = NULL;
2436 			break;
2437 		}
2438 		cond_resched();
2439 		kthread_stop(tsp);
2440 		n_read_exits ++;
2441 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_read_exit");
2442 	} while (!errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop));
2443 
2444 	// Clean up and exit.
2445 	smp_store_release(&read_exit_child_stopped, true); // After reaping.
2446 	smp_mb(); // Store before wakeup.
2447 	wake_up(&read_exit_wq);
2448 	while (!torture_must_stop())
2449 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
2450 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_read_exit");
2451 	return 0;
2452 }
2453 
2454 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_init(void)
2455 {
2456 	if (read_exit_burst <= 0)
2457 		return -EINVAL;
2458 	init_waitqueue_head(&read_exit_wq);
2459 	read_exit_child_stop = false;
2460 	read_exit_child_stopped = false;
2461 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_read_exit, NULL,
2462 				      read_exit_task);
2463 }
2464 
2465 static void rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup(void)
2466 {
2467 	if (!read_exit_task)
2468 		return;
2469 	WRITE_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop, true);
2470 	smp_mb(); // Above write before wait.
2471 	wait_event(read_exit_wq, smp_load_acquire(&read_exit_child_stopped));
2472 	torture_stop_kthread(rcutorture_read_exit, read_exit_task);
2473 }
2474 
2475 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
2476 
2477 static void
2478 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
2479 {
2480 	int firsttime;
2481 	int flags = 0;
2482 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2483 	int i;
2484 
2485 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
2486 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2487 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2488 		return;
2489 	}
2490 	if (!cur_ops) {
2491 		torture_cleanup_end();
2492 		return;
2493 	}
2494 
2495 	if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
2496 		cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
2497 	rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup();
2498 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
2499 	rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup();
2500 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
2501 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
2502 
2503 	if (reader_tasks) {
2504 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
2505 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
2506 					     reader_tasks[i]);
2507 		kfree(reader_tasks);
2508 		reader_tasks = NULL;
2509 	}
2510 
2511 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
2512 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++)
2513 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2514 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2515 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
2516 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
2517 	}
2518 
2519 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2520 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2521 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x total-gps=%ld\n",
2522 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags,
2523 		 rcutorture_seq_diff(gp_seq, start_gp_seq));
2524 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
2525 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
2526 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost())
2527 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
2528 
2529 	/*
2530 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
2531 	 * cleanup operations.
2532 	 */
2533 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2534 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2535 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
2536 		cur_ops->cleanup();
2537 
2538 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
2539 
2540 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
2541 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
2542 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
2543 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
2544 		firsttime = 1;
2545 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
2546 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
2547 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
2548 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2549 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
2550 				firsttime = 0;
2551 			}
2552 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
2553 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2554 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
2555 				firsttime = 0;
2556 			}
2557 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
2558 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2559 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
2560 				firsttime = 0;
2561 			}
2562 			pr_cont("%s\n",
2563 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
2564 
2565 		}
2566 	}
2567 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
2568 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
2569 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
2570 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
2571 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
2572 	else
2573 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
2574 	torture_cleanup_end();
2575 }
2576 
2577 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2578 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2579 {
2580 }
2581 
2582 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2583 {
2584 	/*
2585 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
2586 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
2587 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
2588 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
2589 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
2590 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
2591 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
2592 	 */
2593 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2594 }
2595 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2596 
2597 /*
2598  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
2599  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
2600  * cannot be carried out.
2601  */
2602 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
2603 {
2604 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2605 	struct rcu_head rh1;
2606 	struct rcu_head rh2;
2607 
2608 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2609 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2610 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2611 
2612 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
2613 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
2614 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
2615 	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
2616 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
2617 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
2618 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
2619 	local_irq_enable();
2620 	rcu_read_unlock();
2621 	preempt_enable();
2622 
2623 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
2624 	rcu_barrier();
2625 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2626 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2627 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2628 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2629 	pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2630 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2631 }
2632 
2633 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
2634 {
2635 	static unsigned long n;
2636 
2637 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
2638 		cur_ops->sync();
2639 }
2640 
2641 static int __init
2642 rcu_torture_init(void)
2643 {
2644 	long i;
2645 	int cpu;
2646 	int firsterr = 0;
2647 	int flags = 0;
2648 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2649 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
2650 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops,
2651 		&busted_srcud_ops, &tasks_ops, &tasks_rude_ops,
2652 		&tasks_tracing_ops, &trivial_ops,
2653 	};
2654 
2655 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
2656 		return -EBUSY;
2657 
2658 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
2659 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
2660 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
2661 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
2662 			break;
2663 	}
2664 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
2665 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
2666 			 torture_type);
2667 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
2668 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
2669 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
2670 		pr_cont("\n");
2671 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
2672 		cur_ops = NULL;
2673 		goto unwind;
2674 	}
2675 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
2676 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
2677 		fqs_duration = 0;
2678 	}
2679 	if (cur_ops->init)
2680 		cur_ops->init();
2681 
2682 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
2683 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
2684 	} else {
2685 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
2686 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
2687 			nrealreaders = 1;
2688 	}
2689 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
2690 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2691 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2692 	start_gp_seq = gp_seq;
2693 	pr_alert("%s:  Start-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x\n",
2694 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags);
2695 
2696 	/* Set up the freelist. */
2697 
2698 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
2699 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
2700 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
2701 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
2702 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
2703 	}
2704 
2705 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
2706 
2707 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
2708 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
2709 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
2710 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
2711 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
2712 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
2713 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
2714 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
2715 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
2716 	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
2717 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
2718 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
2719 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2720 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
2721 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2722 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2723 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
2724 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
2725 		}
2726 	}
2727 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
2728 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
2729 
2730 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
2731 
2732 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
2733 					  writer_task);
2734 	if (firsterr)
2735 		goto unwind;
2736 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
2737 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
2738 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
2739 					   GFP_KERNEL);
2740 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
2741 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2742 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2743 			goto unwind;
2744 		}
2745 	}
2746 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2747 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2748 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2749 		if (firsterr)
2750 			goto unwind;
2751 	}
2752 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
2753 			       GFP_KERNEL);
2754 	if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
2755 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2756 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2757 		goto unwind;
2758 	}
2759 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
2760 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
2761 						  reader_tasks[i]);
2762 		if (firsterr)
2763 			goto unwind;
2764 	}
2765 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
2766 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
2767 						  stats_task);
2768 		if (firsterr)
2769 			goto unwind;
2770 	}
2771 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
2772 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
2773 		if (firsterr)
2774 			goto unwind;
2775 	}
2776 	if (stutter < 0)
2777 		stutter = 0;
2778 	if (stutter) {
2779 		int t;
2780 
2781 		t = cur_ops->stall_dur ? cur_ops->stall_dur() : stutter * HZ;
2782 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ, t);
2783 		if (firsterr)
2784 			goto unwind;
2785 	}
2786 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
2787 		fqs_duration = 0;
2788 	if (fqs_duration) {
2789 		/* Create the fqs thread */
2790 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
2791 						  fqs_task);
2792 		if (firsterr)
2793 			goto unwind;
2794 	}
2795 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
2796 		test_boost_interval = 1;
2797 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
2798 		test_boost_duration = 2;
2799 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
2800 
2801 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
2802 
2803 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
2804 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
2805 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
2806 		if (firsterr < 0)
2807 			goto unwind;
2808 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
2809 	}
2810 	shutdown_jiffies = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
2811 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
2812 	if (firsterr)
2813 		goto unwind;
2814 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
2815 				      rcutorture_sync);
2816 	if (firsterr)
2817 		goto unwind;
2818 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
2819 	if (firsterr)
2820 		goto unwind;
2821 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
2822 	if (firsterr)
2823 		goto unwind;
2824 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
2825 	if (firsterr)
2826 		goto unwind;
2827 	firsterr = rcu_torture_read_exit_init();
2828 	if (firsterr)
2829 		goto unwind;
2830 	if (object_debug)
2831 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
2832 	torture_init_end();
2833 	return 0;
2834 
2835 unwind:
2836 	torture_init_end();
2837 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
2838 	if (shutdown_secs) {
2839 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
2840 		kernel_power_off();
2841 	}
2842 	return firsterr;
2843 }
2844 
2845 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
2846 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
2847