xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision 1cac4f26)
1 /*
2  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7  * (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
16  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
17  *
18  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
19  *
20  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
21  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
22  *
23  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.txt
24  */
25 
26 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
27 
28 #include <linux/types.h>
29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
30 #include <linux/init.h>
31 #include <linux/module.h>
32 #include <linux/kthread.h>
33 #include <linux/err.h>
34 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
35 #include <linux/smp.h>
36 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
37 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
38 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
39 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
40 #include <linux/atomic.h>
41 #include <linux/bitops.h>
42 #include <linux/completion.h>
43 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
44 #include <linux/percpu.h>
45 #include <linux/notifier.h>
46 #include <linux/reboot.h>
47 #include <linux/freezer.h>
48 #include <linux/cpu.h>
49 #include <linux/delay.h>
50 #include <linux/stat.h>
51 #include <linux/srcu.h>
52 #include <linux/slab.h>
53 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
54 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
55 #include <linux/torture.h>
56 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
57 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
58 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
59 #include <linux/oom.h>
60 
61 #include "rcu.h"
62 
63 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
64 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
65 
66 
67 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
69 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK	 ((1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) - 1)
70 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
71 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
72 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
73 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
74 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
75 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
76 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 6	/* Number of bits defined above. */
77 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
78 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
79 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
80 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
81 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
82 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
83 
84 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
85 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
86 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
87 	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
88 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
89 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
90 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress, 1, "Test grace-period forward progress");
91 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
92 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60,
93 	      "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
94 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1,
95 	      "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
96 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
97 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
98 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
99 	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
100 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
101 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
102 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
103 	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
104 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
105 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
106 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
107 	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
108 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
109 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
110 	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
111 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
112 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
113 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
114 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
115 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
116 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
117 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
118 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
119 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
120 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
121 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
122 	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
123 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
124 	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
125 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
126 	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
127 torture_param(int, verbose, 1,
128 	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
129 
130 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
131 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
132 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
133 
134 static int nrealreaders;
135 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
136 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
137 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
138 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
139 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
140 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
141 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
142 static struct task_struct *fwd_prog_task;
143 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
144 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
145 
146 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
147 
148 struct rcu_torture {
149 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
150 	int rtort_pipe_count;
151 	struct list_head rtort_free;
152 	int rtort_mbtest;
153 };
154 
155 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
156 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
157 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
158 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
159 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
160 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
161 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
162 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
163 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
164 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
165 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
166 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
167 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
168 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
169 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
170 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
171 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
172 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
173 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
174 static long n_barrier_attempts;
175 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
176 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
177 
178 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
179 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
180 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
181 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
182 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
183 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
184 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
185 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
186 #define RTWS_SYNC		7
187 #define RTWS_STUTTER		8
188 #define RTWS_STOPPING		9
189 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
190 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
191 	"RTWS_DELAY",
192 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
193 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
194 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
195 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
196 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
197 	"RTWS_SYNC",
198 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
199 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
200 };
201 
202 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
203 struct rt_read_seg {
204 	int rt_readstate;
205 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
206 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
207 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
208 	bool rt_preempted;
209 };
210 static int err_segs_recorded;
211 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
212 static int rt_read_nsegs;
213 
214 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
215 {
216 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
217 
218 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
219 		return "???";
220 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
221 }
222 
223 #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
224 #define rcu_can_boost() 1
225 #else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
226 #define rcu_can_boost() 0
227 #endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
228 
229 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
230 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
231 {
232 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
233 
234 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
235 	return ts;
236 }
237 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
238 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
239 {
240 	return 0ULL;
241 }
242 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
243 
244 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
245 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
246 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
247 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
248 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
249 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
250 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
251 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
252 
253 static bool rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;		/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
254 
255 /*
256  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
257  */
258 static struct rcu_torture *
259 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
260 {
261 	struct list_head *p;
262 
263 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
264 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
265 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
266 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
267 		return NULL;
268 	}
269 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
270 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
271 	list_del_init(p);
272 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
273 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
278  */
279 static void
280 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
281 {
282 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
283 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
284 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
285 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
290  */
291 
292 struct rcu_torture_ops {
293 	int ttype;
294 	void (*init)(void);
295 	void (*cleanup)(void);
296 	int (*readlock)(void);
297 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
298 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
299 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
300 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
301 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
302 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
303 	void (*sync)(void);
304 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
305 	unsigned long (*get_state)(void);
306 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
307 	call_rcu_func_t call;
308 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
309 	void (*fqs)(void);
310 	void (*stats)(void);
311 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
312 	int irq_capable;
313 	int can_boost;
314 	int extendables;
315 	int ext_irq_conflict;
316 	const char *name;
317 };
318 
319 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
320 
321 /*
322  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
323  */
324 
325 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
326 {
327 	rcu_read_lock();
328 	return 0;
329 }
330 
331 static void
332 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
333 {
334 	unsigned long started;
335 	unsigned long completed;
336 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
337 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
338 	unsigned long long ts;
339 
340 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
341 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
342 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
343 
344 	if (!rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay &&
345 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
346 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
347 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
348 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
349 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
350 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
351 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
352 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
353 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
354 					  started, completed);
355 	}
356 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
357 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
358 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
359 	}
360 	if (!preempt_count() &&
361 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
362 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
363 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
364 	}
365 }
366 
367 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
368 {
369 	rcu_read_unlock();
370 }
371 
372 /*
373  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
374  */
375 static bool
376 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
377 {
378 	int i;
379 
380 	i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
381 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
382 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
383 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
384 	if (++rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
385 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
386 		return true;
387 	}
388 	return false;
389 }
390 
391 /*
392  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
393  * primitives.
394  */
395 static void
396 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
397 {
398 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
399 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
400 
401 	if (old_rp)
402 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
403 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
404 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
405 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
406 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
407 		}
408 	}
409 }
410 
411 static void
412 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
413 {
414 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
415 
416 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
417 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
418 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
419 		return;
420 	}
421 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
422 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
423 	else
424 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
425 }
426 
427 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
428 {
429 	return 0;
430 }
431 
432 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
433 {
434 	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
435 }
436 
437 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
438 {
439 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
440 }
441 
442 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
443 	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
444 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
445 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
446 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
447 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
448 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_get_gp_seq,
449 	.gp_diff	= rcu_seq_diff,
450 	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
451 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
452 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
453 	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
454 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
455 	.call		= call_rcu,
456 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
457 	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
458 	.stats		= NULL,
459 	.stall_dur	= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
460 	.irq_capable	= 1,
461 	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
462 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
463 	.name		= "rcu"
464 };
465 
466 /*
467  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
468  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
469  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
470  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
471  * buggy-RCU error messages.
472  */
473 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
474 {
475 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
476 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
477 }
478 
479 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
480 {
481 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
482 }
483 
484 static void
485 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
486 {
487 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
488 	func(head);
489 }
490 
491 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
492 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
493 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
494 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
495 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
496 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
497 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
498 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
499 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
500 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
501 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
502 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
503 	.fqs		= NULL,
504 	.stats		= NULL,
505 	.irq_capable	= 1,
506 	.name		= "busted"
507 };
508 
509 /*
510  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
511  */
512 
513 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
514 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
515 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
516 
517 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(srcu_ctlp)
518 {
519 	return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
520 }
521 
522 static void
523 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
524 {
525 	long delay;
526 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
527 	const long longdelay = 10;
528 
529 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
530 
531 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
532 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
533 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
534 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
535 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
536 	} else {
537 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
538 	}
539 }
540 
541 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(srcu_ctlp)
542 {
543 	srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
544 }
545 
546 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
547 {
548 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
549 }
550 
551 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
552 {
553 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
554 }
555 
556 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
557 {
558 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
559 }
560 
561 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
562 			      rcu_callback_t func)
563 {
564 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
565 }
566 
567 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
568 {
569 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
570 }
571 
572 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
573 {
574 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
575 }
576 
577 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
578 {
579 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
580 }
581 
582 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
583 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
584 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
585 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
586 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
587 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
588 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
589 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
590 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
591 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
592 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
593 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
594 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
595 	.irq_capable	= 1,
596 	.name		= "srcu"
597 };
598 
599 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
600 {
601 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
602 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
603 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
604 }
605 
606 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
607 {
608 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
609 
610 	if (torture_random(&rand) & 0x800)
611 		cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
612 	else
613 		cleanup_srcu_struct_quiesced(&srcu_ctld);
614 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
615 }
616 
617 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
618 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
619 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
620 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
621 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
622 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
623 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
624 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
625 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
626 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
627 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
628 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
629 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
630 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
631 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
632 	.irq_capable	= 1,
633 	.name		= "srcud"
634 };
635 
636 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
637 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
638 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
639 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
640 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
641 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
642 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
643 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
644 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
645 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
646 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
647 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
648 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
649 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
650 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
651 	.irq_capable	= 1,
652 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
653 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
654 };
655 
656 /*
657  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
658  */
659 
660 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
661 {
662 	return 0;
663 }
664 
665 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
666 {
667 }
668 
669 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
670 {
671 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
672 }
673 
674 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
675 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
676 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
677 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
678 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
679 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
680 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
681 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
682 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
683 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
684 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
685 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
686 	.fqs		= NULL,
687 	.stats		= NULL,
688 	.irq_capable	= 1,
689 	.name		= "tasks"
690 };
691 
692 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
693 {
694 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
695 		return new - old;
696 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
697 }
698 
699 static bool __maybe_unused torturing_tasks(void)
700 {
701 	return cur_ops == &tasks_ops;
702 }
703 
704 /*
705  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
706  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
707  * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
708  * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
709  */
710 
711 struct rcu_boost_inflight {
712 	struct rcu_head rcu;
713 	int inflight;
714 };
715 
716 static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
717 {
718 	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
719 		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
720 
721 	/* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
722 	smp_store_release(&rbip->inflight, 0);
723 }
724 
725 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
726 
727 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
728 {
729 	/*
730 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
731 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
732 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
733 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
734 	 */
735 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
736 		return;
737 
738 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
739 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
740 }
741 
742 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
743 {
744 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
745 		return;
746 
747 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
748 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
749 }
750 
751 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
752 {
753 	if (end - start > test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
754 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
755 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
756 
757 		return true; /* failed */
758 	}
759 
760 	return false; /* passed */
761 }
762 
763 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
764 {
765 	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
766 	unsigned long endtime;
767 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
768 	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
769 	struct sched_param sp;
770 
771 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
772 
773 	/* Set real-time priority. */
774 	sp.sched_priority = 1;
775 	if (sched_setscheduler(current, SCHED_FIFO, &sp) < 0) {
776 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost RT prio failed!");
777 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror++;
778 	}
779 
780 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
781 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
782 	do {
783 		/* Track if the test failed already in this test interval? */
784 		bool failed = false;
785 
786 		/* Increment n_rcu_torture_boosts once per boost-test */
787 		while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
788 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
789 				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
790 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
791 				break;
792 			}
793 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
794 		}
795 		if (kthread_should_stop())
796 			goto checkwait;
797 
798 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
799 		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
800 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
801 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
802 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
803 			if (torture_must_stop())
804 				goto checkwait;
805 		}
806 
807 		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
808 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
809 		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
810 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, endtime)) {
811 			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
812 			if (!smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
813 				/* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
814 				smp_store_release(&rbi.inflight, 1);
815 				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
816 				/* Check if the boost test failed */
817 				failed = failed ||
818 					 rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time,
819 								 jiffies);
820 				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
821 			}
822 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
823 			if (torture_must_stop())
824 				goto checkwait;
825 		}
826 
827 		/*
828 		 * If boost never happened, then inflight will always be 1, in
829 		 * this case the boost check would never happen in the above
830 		 * loop so do another one here.
831 		 */
832 		if (!failed && smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight))
833 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time, jiffies);
834 
835 		/*
836 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
837 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
838 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
839 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
840 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
841 		 */
842 		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
843 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
844 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
845 				boost_starttime = jiffies +
846 						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
847 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
848 				break;
849 			}
850 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
851 		}
852 
853 		/* Go do the stutter. */
854 checkwait:	stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
855 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
856 
857 	/* Clean up and exit. */
858 	while (!kthread_should_stop() || smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
859 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
860 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
861 	}
862 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
863 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
864 	return 0;
865 }
866 
867 /*
868  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
869  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
870  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
871  */
872 static int
873 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
874 {
875 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
876 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
877 
878 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
879 	do {
880 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
881 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
882 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
883 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
884 		}
885 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
886 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
887 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
888 			cur_ops->fqs();
889 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
890 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
891 		}
892 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs");
893 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
894 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
895 	return 0;
896 }
897 
898 /*
899  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
900  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
901  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
902  */
903 static int
904 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
905 {
906 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
907 	int expediting = 0;
908 	unsigned long gp_snap;
909 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
910 	bool gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
911 	int i;
912 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
913 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
914 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
915 	int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC,
916 			   RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
917 	int nsynctypes = 0;
918 
919 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
920 	if (!can_expedite)
921 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
922 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
923 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
924 
925 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
926 	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_sync1)
927 		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_sync1 = true;
928 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
929 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
930 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
931 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
932 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
933 	}
934 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
935 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
936 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
937 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
938 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
939 	}
940 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
941 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
942 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
943 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
944 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
945 	}
946 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
947 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
948 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
949 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
950 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
951 	}
952 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
953 		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
954 		/*
955 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
956 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
957 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
958 		 */
959 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
960 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
961 	}
962 
963 	do {
964 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
965 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
966 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
967 		if (rp == NULL)
968 			continue;
969 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
970 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
971 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
972 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
973 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
974 					       current == writer_task);
975 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
976 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
977 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
978 		if (old_rp) {
979 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
980 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
981 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
982 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
983 			old_rp->rtort_pipe_count++;
984 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
985 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
986 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
987 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
988 				break;
989 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
990 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
991 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
992 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
993 				break;
994 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
995 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
996 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_state();
997 				i = torture_random(&rand) % 16;
998 				if (i != 0)
999 					schedule_timeout_interruptible(i);
1000 				udelay(torture_random(&rand) % 1000);
1001 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1002 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1003 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1004 				break;
1005 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1006 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1007 				cur_ops->sync();
1008 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1009 				break;
1010 			default:
1011 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1012 				break;
1013 			}
1014 		}
1015 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1016 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1017 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1018 		if (can_expedite &&
1019 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1020 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1021 			if (expediting >= 0)
1022 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1023 			else
1024 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1025 			if (++expediting > 3)
1026 				expediting = -expediting;
1027 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1028 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1029 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1030 		}
1031 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1032 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer"))
1033 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1034 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free))
1035 					WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1036 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1037 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1038 	if (expediting > 0)
1039 		expediting = -expediting;
1040 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1041 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1042 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1043 	if (!can_expedite)
1044 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1045 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1046 			 torture_type);
1047 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1048 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1049 	return 0;
1050 }
1051 
1052 /*
1053  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1054  * delay between calls.
1055  */
1056 static int
1057 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1058 {
1059 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1060 
1061 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1062 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1063 
1064 	do {
1065 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + torture_random(&rand)%10);
1066 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1067 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1068 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1069 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1070 		} else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
1071 			if (cur_ops->sync && torture_random(&rand) & 0x80)
1072 				cur_ops->sync();
1073 			else if (cur_ops->exp_sync)
1074 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1075 		} else if (gp_normal && cur_ops->sync) {
1076 			cur_ops->sync();
1077 		} else if (cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1078 			cur_ops->exp_sync();
1079 		}
1080 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1081 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1082 
1083 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1084 	return 0;
1085 }
1086 
1087 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1088 {
1089 	kfree(rhp);
1090 }
1091 
1092 /*
1093  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1094  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1095  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1096  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1097  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1098  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1099  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1100  */
1101 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1102 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1103 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1104 {
1105 	int idxnew = -1;
1106 	int idxold = *readstate;
1107 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1108 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1109 
1110 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold < 0);
1111 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1112 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1113 
1114 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1115 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1116 		local_bh_disable();
1117 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1118 		local_irq_disable();
1119 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1120 		preempt_disable();
1121 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1122 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1123 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1124 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1125 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU)
1126 		idxnew = cur_ops->readlock() << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT;
1127 
1128 	/* Next, remove old protection, irq first due to bh conflict. */
1129 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1130 		local_irq_enable();
1131 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1132 		local_bh_enable();
1133 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1134 		preempt_enable();
1135 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1136 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1137 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1138 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1139 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU)
1140 		cur_ops->readunlock(idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1141 
1142 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1143 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1144 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1145 
1146 	/* Update the reader state. */
1147 	if (idxnew == -1)
1148 		idxnew = idxold & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK;
1149 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew < 0);
1150 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1151 	*readstate = idxnew | newstate;
1152 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) < 0);
1153 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1154 }
1155 
1156 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1157 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1158 {
1159 	int mask;
1160 
1161 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1162 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1163 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1164 	return mask;
1165 }
1166 
1167 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1168 static int
1169 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1170 {
1171 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1172 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp) >> 8;
1173 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1174 
1175 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1176 	/* Most of the time lots of bits, half the time only one bit. */
1177 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1178 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1179 	else
1180 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1181 	/* Can't enable bh w/irq disabled. */
1182 	if ((mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) &&
1183 	    ((!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)) ||
1184 	     (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH))))
1185 		mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1186 	if ((mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) &&
1187 	    !(mask & cur_ops->ext_irq_conflict) &&
1188 	    (oldmask & cur_ops->ext_irq_conflict))
1189 		mask |= cur_ops->ext_irq_conflict; /* Or if readers object. */
1190 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1191 }
1192 
1193 /*
1194  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1195  * critical section.
1196  */
1197 static struct rt_read_seg *
1198 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1199 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1200 {
1201 	int i;
1202 	int j;
1203 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1204 
1205 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1206 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1207 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1208 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1209 	i = (torture_random(trsp) >> 3);
1210 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1211 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1212 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1213 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1214 	}
1215 	return &rtrsp[j];
1216 }
1217 
1218 /*
1219  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1220  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1221  * from a timer handler.
1222  */
1223 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1224 {
1225 	int i;
1226 	unsigned long started;
1227 	unsigned long completed;
1228 	int newstate;
1229 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1230 	int pipe_count;
1231 	int readstate = 0;
1232 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1233 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
1234 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
1235 	unsigned long long ts;
1236 
1237 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
1238 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
1239 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1240 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1241 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1242 				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1243 				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1244 				  srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp) ||
1245 				  torturing_tasks());
1246 	if (p == NULL) {
1247 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1248 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1249 		return false;
1250 	}
1251 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1252 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1253 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
1254 	preempt_disable();
1255 	pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1256 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1257 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1258 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1259 	}
1260 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1261 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1262 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1263 					  ts, started, completed);
1264 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1265 	}
1266 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1267 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
1268 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1269 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1270 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1271 	}
1272 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1273 	preempt_enable();
1274 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1275 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK);
1276 
1277 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
1278 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
1279 		i = 0;
1280 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
1281 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
1282 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
1283 	}
1284 
1285 	return true;
1286 }
1287 
1288 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
1289 
1290 /*
1291  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1292  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1293  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1294  * RCU implementation is broken.
1295  */
1296 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
1297 {
1298 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
1299 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand));
1300 
1301 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
1302 	if (cur_ops->call) {
1303 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
1304 
1305 		if (rhp)
1306 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
1307 	}
1308 }
1309 
1310 /*
1311  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1312  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1313  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1314  * RCU implementation is broken.
1315  */
1316 static int
1317 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1318 {
1319 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
1320 	long myid = (long)arg;
1321 	int mynumonline = myid;
1322 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1323 	struct timer_list t;
1324 
1325 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1326 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1327 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1328 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1329 
1330 	do {
1331 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1332 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1333 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1334 		}
1335 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand))
1336 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1337 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep)) {
1338 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1339 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
1340 		}
1341 		while (num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
1342 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
1343 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1344 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1345 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1346 		del_timer_sync(&t);
1347 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1348 	}
1349 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1350 	return 0;
1351 }
1352 
1353 /*
1354  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1355  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1356  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1357  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1358  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1359  * thread is not running).
1360  */
1361 static void
1362 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1363 {
1364 	int cpu;
1365 	int i;
1366 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1367 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1368 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1369 	static bool splatted;
1370 	struct task_struct *wtp;
1371 
1372 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1373 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1374 			pipesummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i];
1375 			batchsummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i];
1376 		}
1377 	}
1378 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1379 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1380 			break;
1381 	}
1382 
1383 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1384 	pr_cont("rtc: %p ver: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1385 		rcu_torture_current,
1386 		rcu_torture_current_version,
1387 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1388 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1389 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1390 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1391 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1392 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1393 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
1394 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1395 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1396 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1397 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1398 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1399 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
1400 	torture_onoff_stats();
1401 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld\n",
1402 		n_barrier_successes,
1403 		n_barrier_attempts,
1404 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);
1405 
1406 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1407 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) != 0 ||
1408 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error != 0 ||
1409 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror != 0 ||
1410 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror != 0 ||
1411 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure != 0 ||
1412 	    i > 1) {
1413 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1414 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1415 		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1416 	}
1417 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1418 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1419 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1420 	pr_cont("\n");
1421 
1422 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1423 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1424 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1425 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1426 	pr_cont("\n");
1427 
1428 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1429 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1430 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1431 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1432 	}
1433 	pr_cont("\n");
1434 
1435 	if (cur_ops->stats)
1436 		cur_ops->stats();
1437 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1438 	    rcu_torture_current != NULL) {
1439 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
1440 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
1441 
1442 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1443 				       &flags, &gp_seq);
1444 		srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp,
1445 					&flags, &gp_seq);
1446 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
1447 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#lx cpu %d\n",
1448 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1449 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
1450 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0UL : wtp->state,
1451 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
1452 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
1453 			sched_show_task(wtp);
1454 			splatted = true;
1455 		}
1456 		show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1457 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1458 	}
1459 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1460 }
1461 
1462 /*
1463  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1464  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1465  */
1466 static int
1467 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1468 {
1469 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1470 	do {
1471 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1472 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1473 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1474 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1475 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1476 	return 0;
1477 }
1478 
1479 static void
1480 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1481 {
1482 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1483 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1484 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1485 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1486 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1487 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1488 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1489 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
1490 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1491 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
1492 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1493 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1494 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1495 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1496 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1497 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
1498 		 n_barrier_cbs,
1499 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
1500 }
1501 
1502 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
1503 {
1504 	struct task_struct *t;
1505 
1506 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1507 		return 0;
1508 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1509 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1510 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1511 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
1512 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1513 
1514 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1515 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1516 	return 0;
1517 }
1518 
1519 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
1520 {
1521 	int retval;
1522 
1523 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1524 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1525 
1526 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1527 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1528 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
1529 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1530 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1531 						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1532 						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1533 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1534 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1535 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1536 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1537 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1538 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1539 		return retval;
1540 	}
1541 	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1542 	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1543 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1544 	return 0;
1545 }
1546 
1547 /*
1548  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1549  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1550  */
1551 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1552 {
1553 	unsigned long stop_at;
1554 
1555 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1556 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1557 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1558 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1559 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1560 	}
1561 	if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1562 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1563 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1564 		rcu_read_lock();
1565 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1566 			local_irq_disable();
1567 		else
1568 			preempt_disable();
1569 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start on CPU %d.\n",
1570 			 smp_processor_id());
1571 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(),
1572 				    stop_at))
1573 			continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
1574 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1575 			local_irq_enable();
1576 		else
1577 			preempt_enable();
1578 		rcu_read_unlock();
1579 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1580 	}
1581 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1582 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1583 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1584 	return 0;
1585 }
1586 
1587 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1588 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1589 {
1590 	if (stall_cpu <= 0)
1591 		return 0;
1592 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1593 }
1594 
1595 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
1596 struct fwd_cb_state {
1597 	struct rcu_head rh;
1598 	int stop;
1599 };
1600 
1601 /*
1602  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
1603  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
1604  * critical section.
1605  */
1606 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1607 {
1608 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
1609 
1610 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
1611 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
1612 		return;
1613 	}
1614 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1615 }
1616 
1617 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1618 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
1619 	struct rcu_head rh;
1620 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
1621 	int rfc_gps;
1622 };
1623 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_fwd_lock);
1624 static struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1625 static struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1626 static long n_launders_cb;
1627 static unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
1628 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
1629 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
1630 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
1631 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
1632 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
1633 static long n_launders_hist[2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV)];
1634 
1635 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(void)
1636 {
1637 	int i;
1638 	int j;
1639 
1640 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
1641 		if (n_launders_hist[i] > 0)
1642 			break;
1643 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram (duration %lu jiffies):",
1644 		 __func__, jiffies - rcu_fwd_startat);
1645 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
1646 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld",
1647 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV, n_launders_hist[j]);
1648 	pr_cont("\n");
1649 }
1650 
1651 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1652 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1653 {
1654 	unsigned long flags;
1655 	int i;
1656 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
1657 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
1658 
1659 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
1660 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
1661 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1662 	rfcpp = rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
1663 	rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
1664 	WRITE_ONCE(*rfcpp, rfcp);
1665 	WRITE_ONCE(n_launders_cb, n_launders_cb + 1);
1666 	i = ((jiffies - rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
1667 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist))
1668 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist) - 1;
1669 	n_launders_hist[i]++;
1670 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1671 }
1672 
1673 /*
1674  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
1675  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
1676  */
1677 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(void)
1678 {
1679 	unsigned long flags;
1680 	unsigned long freed = 0;
1681 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1682 
1683 	for (;;) {
1684 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1685 		rfcp = rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1686 		if (!rfcp)
1687 			break;
1688 		rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
1689 		if (!rcu_fwd_cb_head)
1690 			rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1691 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1692 		kfree(rfcp);
1693 		freed++;
1694 	}
1695 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1696 	return freed;
1697 }
1698 
1699 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
1700 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(int *tested, int *tested_tries)
1701 {
1702 	unsigned long cver;
1703 	unsigned long dur;
1704 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
1705 	unsigned long gps;
1706 	int idx;
1707 	int sd;
1708 	int sd4;
1709 	bool selfpropcb = false;
1710 	unsigned long stopat;
1711 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
1712 
1713 	if  (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->sync && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
1714 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1715 		selfpropcb = true;
1716 	}
1717 
1718 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
1719 	if  (selfpropcb) {
1720 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
1721 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1722 	}
1723 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
1724 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1725 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
1726 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
1727 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
1728 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
1729 	stopat = rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
1730 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1731 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1732 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1733 		udelay(10);
1734 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1735 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
1736 			cond_resched();
1737 	}
1738 	(*tested_tries)++;
1739 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1740 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1741 		(*tested)++;
1742 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
1743 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
1744 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
1745 		pr_alert("%s: Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__, dur, cver, gps);
1746 	}
1747 	if (selfpropcb) {
1748 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
1749 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
1750 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
1751 	}
1752 
1753 	if (selfpropcb) {
1754 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
1755 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1756 	}
1757 }
1758 
1759 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
1760 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(void)
1761 {
1762 	unsigned long cver;
1763 	unsigned long gps;
1764 	int i;
1765 	long n_launders;
1766 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
1767 	long n_launders_sa;
1768 	long n_max_cbs;
1769 	long n_max_gps;
1770 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1771 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
1772 	unsigned long stopat;
1773 	unsigned long stoppedat;
1774 
1775 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
1776 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
1777 
1778 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
1779 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
1780 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
1781 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
1782 	stopat = rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
1783 	n_launders = 0;
1784 	n_launders_cb = 0;
1785 	n_launders_sa = 0;
1786 	n_max_cbs = 0;
1787 	n_max_gps = 0;
1788 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(n_launders_hist); i++)
1789 		n_launders_hist[i] = 0;
1790 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
1791 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1792 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1793 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1794 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_head);
1795 		rfcpn = NULL;
1796 		if (rfcp)
1797 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
1798 		if (rfcpn) {
1799 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
1800 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
1801 				break;
1802 			rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
1803 			n_launders++;
1804 			n_launders_sa++;
1805 		} else {
1806 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
1807 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
1808 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1809 				continue;
1810 			}
1811 			n_max_cbs++;
1812 			n_launders_sa = 0;
1813 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
1814 		}
1815 		cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
1816 		cond_resched();
1817 	}
1818 	stoppedat = jiffies;
1819 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(n_launders_cb);
1820 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
1821 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
1822 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
1823 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree();
1824 
1825 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
1826 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop)) {
1827 		WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED);
1828 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n",
1829 			 __func__,
1830 			 stoppedat - rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
1831 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
1832 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
1833 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps);
1834 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist();
1835 	}
1836 }
1837 
1838 
1839 /*
1840  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
1841  * current forward-progress test.
1842  */
1843 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
1844 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
1845 {
1846 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
1847 	     __func__);
1848 	rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist();
1849 	rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_startat) / 2));
1850 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
1851 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
1852 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
1853 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree());
1854 	rcu_barrier();
1855 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
1856 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree());
1857 	rcu_barrier();
1858 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
1859 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree());
1860 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
1861 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
1862 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
1863 	return NOTIFY_OK;
1864 }
1865 
1866 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
1867 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
1868 };
1869 
1870 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
1871 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
1872 {
1873 	int tested = 0;
1874 	int tested_tries = 0;
1875 
1876 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
1877 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
1878 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
1879 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1880 	do {
1881 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
1882 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
1883 		register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
1884 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(&tested, &tested_tries);
1885 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr();
1886 		unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
1887 
1888 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
1889 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
1890 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1891 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
1892 	WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
1893 	pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
1894 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
1895 	return 0;
1896 }
1897 
1898 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
1899 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
1900 {
1901 	if (!fwd_progress)
1902 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
1903 	if (!cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0 ||
1904 	    cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
1905 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
1906 		return 0;
1907 	}
1908 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
1909 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
1910 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TESTS))
1911 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
1912 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
1913 		return 0;
1914 	}
1915 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
1916 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
1917 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
1918 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
1919 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog,
1920 				      NULL, fwd_prog_task);
1921 }
1922 
1923 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
1924 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
1925 {
1926 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
1927 }
1928 
1929 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
1930 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
1931 {
1932 	long myid = (long)arg;
1933 	bool lastphase = 0;
1934 	bool newphase;
1935 	struct rcu_head rcu;
1936 
1937 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1938 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
1939 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1940 	do {
1941 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
1942 			   (newphase =
1943 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
1944 			   torture_must_stop());
1945 		lastphase = newphase;
1946 		if (torture_must_stop())
1947 			break;
1948 		/*
1949 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
1950 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
1951 		 */
1952 		local_irq_disable(); /* Just to test no-irq call_rcu(). */
1953 		cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
1954 		local_irq_enable();
1955 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
1956 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
1957 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1958 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1959 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1960 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1961 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
1962 	return 0;
1963 }
1964 
1965 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
1966 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
1967 {
1968 	int i;
1969 
1970 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
1971 	do {
1972 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1973 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
1974 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
1975 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
1976 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1977 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1978 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
1979 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
1980 			   torture_must_stop());
1981 		if (torture_must_stop())
1982 			break;
1983 		n_barrier_attempts++;
1984 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
1985 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
1986 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
1987 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
1988 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
1989 			       n_barrier_cbs);
1990 			WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1991 		} else {
1992 			n_barrier_successes++;
1993 		}
1994 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
1995 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1996 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
1997 	return 0;
1998 }
1999 
2000 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
2001 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
2002 {
2003 	int i;
2004 	int ret;
2005 
2006 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
2007 		return 0;
2008 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
2009 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2010 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
2011 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
2012 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2013 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
2014 			 torture_type);
2015 		return 0;
2016 	}
2017 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
2018 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2019 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
2020 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
2021 			GFP_KERNEL);
2022 	barrier_cbs_wq =
2023 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
2024 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
2025 		return -ENOMEM;
2026 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
2027 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2028 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2029 					     (void *)(long)i,
2030 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2031 		if (ret)
2032 			return ret;
2033 	}
2034 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
2035 }
2036 
2037 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
2038 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
2039 {
2040 	int i;
2041 
2042 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
2043 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
2044 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2045 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2046 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2047 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
2048 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
2049 	}
2050 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
2051 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
2052 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
2053 	}
2054 }
2055 
2056 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
2057 {
2058 	static int boost_warn_once;
2059 	int prio;
2060 
2061 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
2062 		return false;
2063 
2064 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
2065 	if (!prio)
2066 		return false;
2067 
2068 	if (prio < 2) {
2069 		if (boost_warn_once  == 1)
2070 			return false;
2071 
2072 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2073 		boost_warn_once = 1;
2074 		return false;
2075 	}
2076 
2077 	return true;
2078 }
2079 
2080 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
2081 
2082 static void
2083 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
2084 {
2085 	int firsttime;
2086 	int flags = 0;
2087 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2088 	int i;
2089 
2090 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
2091 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2092 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2093 		return;
2094 	}
2095 
2096 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
2097 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_task);
2098 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
2099 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
2100 
2101 	if (reader_tasks) {
2102 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
2103 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
2104 					     reader_tasks[i]);
2105 		kfree(reader_tasks);
2106 	}
2107 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
2108 
2109 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
2110 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2111 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2112 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2113 		}
2114 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
2115 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
2116 	}
2117 
2118 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2119 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2120 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%lu f%#x\n",
2121 		 cur_ops->name, gp_seq, flags);
2122 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
2123 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
2124 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost())
2125 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
2126 
2127 	/*
2128 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
2129 	 * cleanup operations.
2130 	 */
2131 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2132 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2133 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
2134 		cur_ops->cleanup();
2135 
2136 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
2137 
2138 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
2139 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
2140 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
2141 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
2142 		firsttime = 1;
2143 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
2144 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
2145 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
2146 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2147 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
2148 				firsttime = 0;
2149 			}
2150 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
2151 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2152 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
2153 				firsttime = 0;
2154 			}
2155 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
2156 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2157 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
2158 				firsttime = 0;
2159 			}
2160 			pr_cont("%s\n",
2161 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
2162 
2163 		}
2164 	}
2165 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
2166 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
2167 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
2168 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
2169 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
2170 	else
2171 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
2172 	torture_cleanup_end();
2173 }
2174 
2175 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2176 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2177 {
2178 }
2179 
2180 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2181 {
2182 	/*
2183 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
2184 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
2185 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
2186 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
2187 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
2188 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
2189 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
2190 	 */
2191 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2192 }
2193 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2194 
2195 /*
2196  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
2197  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
2198  * cannot be carried out.
2199  */
2200 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
2201 {
2202 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2203 	struct rcu_head rh1;
2204 	struct rcu_head rh2;
2205 
2206 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2207 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2208 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2209 
2210 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
2211 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
2212 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
2213 	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
2214 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
2215 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
2216 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
2217 	local_irq_enable();
2218 	rcu_read_unlock();
2219 	preempt_enable();
2220 
2221 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
2222 	rcu_barrier();
2223 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2224 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2225 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2226 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2227 	pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2228 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2229 }
2230 
2231 static int __init
2232 rcu_torture_init(void)
2233 {
2234 	long i;
2235 	int cpu;
2236 	int firsterr = 0;
2237 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
2238 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops,
2239 		&busted_srcud_ops, &tasks_ops,
2240 	};
2241 
2242 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
2243 		return -EBUSY;
2244 
2245 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
2246 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
2247 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
2248 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
2249 			break;
2250 	}
2251 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
2252 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
2253 			 torture_type);
2254 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
2255 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
2256 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
2257 		pr_cont("\n");
2258 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
2259 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
2260 		goto unwind;
2261 	}
2262 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
2263 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
2264 		fqs_duration = 0;
2265 	}
2266 	if (cur_ops->init)
2267 		cur_ops->init();
2268 
2269 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
2270 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
2271 	} else {
2272 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
2273 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
2274 			nrealreaders = 1;
2275 	}
2276 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
2277 
2278 	/* Set up the freelist. */
2279 
2280 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
2281 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
2282 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
2283 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
2284 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
2285 	}
2286 
2287 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
2288 
2289 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
2290 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
2291 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
2292 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
2293 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
2294 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
2295 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
2296 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
2297 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
2298 	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
2299 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
2300 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
2301 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2302 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
2303 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2304 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2305 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
2306 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
2307 		}
2308 	}
2309 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
2310 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
2311 
2312 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
2313 
2314 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
2315 					  writer_task);
2316 	if (firsterr)
2317 		goto unwind;
2318 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
2319 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
2320 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
2321 					   GFP_KERNEL);
2322 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
2323 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2324 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2325 			goto unwind;
2326 		}
2327 	}
2328 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2329 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2330 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2331 		if (firsterr)
2332 			goto unwind;
2333 	}
2334 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
2335 			       GFP_KERNEL);
2336 	if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
2337 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2338 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2339 		goto unwind;
2340 	}
2341 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
2342 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
2343 						  reader_tasks[i]);
2344 		if (firsterr)
2345 			goto unwind;
2346 	}
2347 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
2348 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
2349 						  stats_task);
2350 		if (firsterr)
2351 			goto unwind;
2352 	}
2353 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
2354 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
2355 		if (firsterr)
2356 			goto unwind;
2357 	}
2358 	if (stutter < 0)
2359 		stutter = 0;
2360 	if (stutter) {
2361 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ);
2362 		if (firsterr)
2363 			goto unwind;
2364 	}
2365 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
2366 		fqs_duration = 0;
2367 	if (fqs_duration) {
2368 		/* Create the fqs thread */
2369 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
2370 						  fqs_task);
2371 		if (firsterr)
2372 			goto unwind;
2373 	}
2374 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
2375 		test_boost_interval = 1;
2376 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
2377 		test_boost_duration = 2;
2378 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
2379 
2380 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
2381 
2382 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
2383 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
2384 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
2385 		if (firsterr < 0)
2386 			goto unwind;
2387 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
2388 	}
2389 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
2390 	if (firsterr)
2391 		goto unwind;
2392 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval);
2393 	if (firsterr)
2394 		goto unwind;
2395 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
2396 	if (firsterr)
2397 		goto unwind;
2398 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
2399 	if (firsterr)
2400 		goto unwind;
2401 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
2402 	if (firsterr)
2403 		goto unwind;
2404 	if (object_debug)
2405 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
2406 	torture_init_end();
2407 	return 0;
2408 
2409 unwind:
2410 	torture_init_end();
2411 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
2412 	return firsterr;
2413 }
2414 
2415 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
2416 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
2417