xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision 11a163f2)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.rst
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
25 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
26 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
27 #include <linux/atomic.h>
28 #include <linux/bitops.h>
29 #include <linux/completion.h>
30 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
31 #include <linux/percpu.h>
32 #include <linux/notifier.h>
33 #include <linux/reboot.h>
34 #include <linux/freezer.h>
35 #include <linux/cpu.h>
36 #include <linux/delay.h>
37 #include <linux/stat.h>
38 #include <linux/srcu.h>
39 #include <linux/slab.h>
40 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
41 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
42 #include <linux/torture.h>
43 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
44 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
46 #include <linux/oom.h>
47 #include <linux/tick.h>
48 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
49 
50 #include "rcu.h"
51 
52 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
53 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
54 
55 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
56 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
57 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK	 ((1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) - 1)
58 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 6	/* Number of bits defined above. */
65 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
66 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
67 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
69 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
70 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
71 
72 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
73 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
74 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
75 	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
76 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
77 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
78 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress, 1, "Test grace-period forward progress");
79 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
80 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60,
81 	      "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
82 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1,
83 	      "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
84 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
85 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
86 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
87 	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
88 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
89 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
90 torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
91 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
92 	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
93 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
94 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
95 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
96 	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
97 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
98 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
99 	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
100 torture_param(int, read_exit_delay, 13,
101 	      "Delay between read-then-exit episodes (s)");
102 torture_param(int, read_exit_burst, 16,
103 	      "# of read-then-exit bursts per episode, zero to disable");
104 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
105 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
106 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
107 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
108 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
109 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
110 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_block, 0, "Sleep while stalling.");
111 torture_param(int, stall_gp_kthread, 0,
112 	      "Grace-period kthread stall duration (s).");
113 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
114 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
115 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
116 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
117 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
118 	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
119 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
120 	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
121 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
122 	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
123 torture_param(int, verbose, 1,
124 	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
125 
126 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
127 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
128 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
129 
130 static int nrealreaders;
131 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
132 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
133 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
134 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
135 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
136 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
137 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
138 static struct task_struct *fwd_prog_task;
139 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
140 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
141 static struct task_struct *read_exit_task;
142 
143 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
144 
145 struct rcu_torture {
146 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
147 	int rtort_pipe_count;
148 	struct list_head rtort_free;
149 	int rtort_mbtest;
150 };
151 
152 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
153 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
154 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
155 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
156 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
157 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
158 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
159 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
160 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
161 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
162 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
163 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
164 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
165 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
166 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
167 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
168 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
169 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
170 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
171 static long n_barrier_attempts;
172 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
173 static unsigned long n_read_exits;
174 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
175 static unsigned long shutdown_jiffies;
176 static unsigned long start_gp_seq;
177 
178 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
179 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
180 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
181 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
182 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
183 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
184 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
185 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
186 #define RTWS_SYNC		7
187 #define RTWS_STUTTER		8
188 #define RTWS_STOPPING		9
189 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
190 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
191 	"RTWS_DELAY",
192 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
193 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
194 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
195 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
196 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
197 	"RTWS_SYNC",
198 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
199 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
200 };
201 
202 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
203 struct rt_read_seg {
204 	int rt_readstate;
205 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
206 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
207 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
208 	bool rt_preempted;
209 };
210 static int err_segs_recorded;
211 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
212 static int rt_read_nsegs;
213 
214 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
215 {
216 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
217 
218 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
219 		return "???";
220 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
221 }
222 
223 #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
224 #define rcu_can_boost() 1
225 #else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
226 #define rcu_can_boost() 0
227 #endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
228 
229 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
230 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
231 {
232 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
233 
234 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
235 	return ts;
236 }
237 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
238 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
239 {
240 	return 0ULL;
241 }
242 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
243 
244 /*
245  * Stop aggressive CPU-hog tests a bit before the end of the test in order
246  * to avoid interfering with test shutdown.
247  */
248 static bool shutdown_time_arrived(void)
249 {
250 	return shutdown_secs && time_after(jiffies, shutdown_jiffies - 30 * HZ);
251 }
252 
253 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
254 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
255 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
256 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
257 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
258 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
259 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
260 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
261 
262 static bool rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;		/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
263 
264 /*
265  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
266  */
267 static struct rcu_torture *
268 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
269 {
270 	struct list_head *p;
271 
272 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
273 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
274 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
275 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
276 		return NULL;
277 	}
278 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
279 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
280 	list_del_init(p);
281 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
282 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
283 }
284 
285 /*
286  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
287  */
288 static void
289 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
290 {
291 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
292 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
293 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
294 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
295 }
296 
297 /*
298  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
299  */
300 
301 struct rcu_torture_ops {
302 	int ttype;
303 	void (*init)(void);
304 	void (*cleanup)(void);
305 	int (*readlock)(void);
306 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
307 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
308 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
309 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
310 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
311 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
312 	void (*sync)(void);
313 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
314 	unsigned long (*get_state)(void);
315 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
316 	call_rcu_func_t call;
317 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
318 	void (*fqs)(void);
319 	void (*stats)(void);
320 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
321 	int irq_capable;
322 	int can_boost;
323 	int extendables;
324 	int slow_gps;
325 	const char *name;
326 };
327 
328 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
329 
330 /*
331  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
332  */
333 
334 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
335 {
336 	rcu_read_lock();
337 	return 0;
338 }
339 
340 static void
341 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
342 {
343 	unsigned long started;
344 	unsigned long completed;
345 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
346 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
347 	unsigned long long ts;
348 
349 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
350 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
351 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
352 
353 	if (!READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
354 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
355 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
356 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
357 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
358 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
359 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
360 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
361 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
362 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
363 					  started, completed);
364 	}
365 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
366 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
367 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
368 	}
369 	if (!preempt_count() &&
370 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
371 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
372 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
373 	}
374 }
375 
376 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
377 {
378 	rcu_read_unlock();
379 }
380 
381 /*
382  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
383  */
384 static bool
385 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
386 {
387 	int i;
388 
389 	i = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
390 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
391 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
392 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
393 	WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count, i + 1);
394 	if (rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
395 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
396 		return true;
397 	}
398 	return false;
399 }
400 
401 /*
402  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
403  * primitives.
404  */
405 static void
406 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
407 {
408 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
409 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
410 
411 	if (old_rp)
412 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
413 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
414 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
415 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
416 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
417 		}
418 	}
419 }
420 
421 static void
422 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
423 {
424 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
425 
426 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
427 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
428 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
429 		return;
430 	}
431 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
432 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
433 	else
434 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
435 }
436 
437 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
438 {
439 	return 0;
440 }
441 
442 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
443 {
444 	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
445 }
446 
447 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
448 {
449 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
450 }
451 
452 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
453 	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
454 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
455 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
456 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
457 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
458 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_get_gp_seq,
459 	.gp_diff	= rcu_seq_diff,
460 	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
461 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
462 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
463 	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
464 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
465 	.call		= call_rcu,
466 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
467 	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
468 	.stats		= NULL,
469 	.stall_dur	= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
470 	.irq_capable	= 1,
471 	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
472 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
473 	.name		= "rcu"
474 };
475 
476 /*
477  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
478  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
479  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
480  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
481  * buggy-RCU error messages.
482  */
483 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
484 {
485 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
486 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
487 }
488 
489 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
490 {
491 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
492 }
493 
494 static void
495 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
496 {
497 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
498 	func(head);
499 }
500 
501 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
502 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
503 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
504 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
505 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
506 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
507 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
508 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
509 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
510 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
511 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
512 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
513 	.fqs		= NULL,
514 	.stats		= NULL,
515 	.irq_capable	= 1,
516 	.name		= "busted"
517 };
518 
519 /*
520  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
521  */
522 
523 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
524 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
525 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
526 
527 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(srcu_ctlp)
528 {
529 	return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
530 }
531 
532 static void
533 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
534 {
535 	long delay;
536 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
537 	const long longdelay = 10;
538 
539 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
540 
541 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
542 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
543 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
544 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
545 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
546 	} else {
547 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
548 	}
549 }
550 
551 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(srcu_ctlp)
552 {
553 	srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
554 }
555 
556 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
557 {
558 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
559 }
560 
561 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
562 {
563 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
564 }
565 
566 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
567 {
568 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
569 }
570 
571 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
572 			      rcu_callback_t func)
573 {
574 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
575 }
576 
577 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
578 {
579 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
580 }
581 
582 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
583 {
584 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
585 }
586 
587 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
588 {
589 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
590 }
591 
592 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
593 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
594 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
595 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
596 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
597 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
598 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
599 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
600 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
601 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
602 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
603 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
604 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
605 	.irq_capable	= 1,
606 	.name		= "srcu"
607 };
608 
609 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
610 {
611 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
612 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
613 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
614 }
615 
616 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
617 {
618 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
619 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
620 }
621 
622 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
623 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
624 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
625 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
626 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
627 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
628 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
629 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
630 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
631 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
632 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
633 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
634 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
635 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
636 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
637 	.irq_capable	= 1,
638 	.name		= "srcud"
639 };
640 
641 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
642 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
643 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
644 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
645 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
646 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
647 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
648 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
649 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
650 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
651 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
652 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
653 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
654 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
655 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
656 	.irq_capable	= 1,
657 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
658 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
659 };
660 
661 /*
662  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
663  */
664 
665 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
666 {
667 	return 0;
668 }
669 
670 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
671 {
672 }
673 
674 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
675 {
676 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
677 }
678 
679 static void synchronize_rcu_mult_test(void)
680 {
681 	synchronize_rcu_mult(call_rcu_tasks, call_rcu);
682 }
683 
684 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
685 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
686 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
687 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
688 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
689 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
690 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
691 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
692 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
693 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_mult_test,
694 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
695 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
696 	.fqs		= NULL,
697 	.stats		= NULL,
698 	.irq_capable	= 1,
699 	.slow_gps	= 1,
700 	.name		= "tasks"
701 };
702 
703 /*
704  * Definitions for trivial CONFIG_PREEMPT=n-only torture testing.
705  * This implementation does not necessarily work well with CPU hotplug.
706  */
707 
708 static void synchronize_rcu_trivial(void)
709 {
710 	int cpu;
711 
712 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
713 		rcutorture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu));
714 		WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu);
715 	}
716 }
717 
718 static int rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial(void) __acquires(RCU)
719 {
720 	preempt_disable();
721 	return 0;
722 }
723 
724 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial(int idx) __releases(RCU)
725 {
726 	preempt_enable();
727 }
728 
729 static struct rcu_torture_ops trivial_ops = {
730 	.ttype		= RCU_TRIVIAL_FLAVOR,
731 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
732 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
733 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
734 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
735 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
736 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
737 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
738 	.fqs		= NULL,
739 	.stats		= NULL,
740 	.irq_capable	= 1,
741 	.name		= "trivial"
742 };
743 
744 /*
745  * Definitions for rude RCU-tasks torture testing.
746  */
747 
748 static void rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
749 {
750 	call_rcu_tasks_rude(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
751 }
752 
753 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_rude_ops = {
754 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_RUDE_FLAVOR,
755 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
756 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
757 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
758 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
759 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
760 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free,
761 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
762 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
763 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_rude,
764 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_rude,
765 	.fqs		= NULL,
766 	.stats		= NULL,
767 	.irq_capable	= 1,
768 	.name		= "tasks-rude"
769 };
770 
771 /*
772  * Definitions for tracing RCU-tasks torture testing.
773  */
774 
775 static int tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock(void)
776 {
777 	rcu_read_lock_trace();
778 	return 0;
779 }
780 
781 static void tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
782 {
783 	rcu_read_unlock_trace();
784 }
785 
786 static void rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
787 {
788 	call_rcu_tasks_trace(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
789 }
790 
791 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_tracing_ops = {
792 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_TRACING_FLAVOR,
793 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
794 	.readlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock,
795 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse srcu's version. */
796 	.readunlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock,
797 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
798 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free,
799 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
800 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
801 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_trace,
802 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_trace,
803 	.fqs		= NULL,
804 	.stats		= NULL,
805 	.irq_capable	= 1,
806 	.slow_gps	= 1,
807 	.name		= "tasks-tracing"
808 };
809 
810 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
811 {
812 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
813 		return new - old;
814 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
815 }
816 
817 static bool __maybe_unused torturing_tasks(void)
818 {
819 	return cur_ops == &tasks_ops || cur_ops == &tasks_rude_ops;
820 }
821 
822 /*
823  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
824  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
825  * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
826  * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
827  */
828 
829 struct rcu_boost_inflight {
830 	struct rcu_head rcu;
831 	int inflight;
832 };
833 
834 static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
835 {
836 	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
837 		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
838 
839 	/* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
840 	smp_store_release(&rbip->inflight, 0);
841 }
842 
843 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
844 
845 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
846 {
847 	/*
848 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
849 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
850 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
851 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
852 	 */
853 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
854 		return;
855 
856 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
857 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
858 }
859 
860 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
861 {
862 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
863 		return;
864 
865 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
866 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
867 }
868 
869 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
870 {
871 	if (end - start > test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
872 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
873 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
874 
875 		return true; /* failed */
876 	}
877 
878 	return false; /* passed */
879 }
880 
881 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
882 {
883 	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
884 	unsigned long endtime;
885 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
886 	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
887 
888 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
889 
890 	/* Set real-time priority. */
891 	sched_set_fifo_low(current);
892 
893 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
894 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
895 	do {
896 		/* Track if the test failed already in this test interval? */
897 		bool failed = false;
898 
899 		/* Increment n_rcu_torture_boosts once per boost-test */
900 		while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
901 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
902 				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
903 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
904 				break;
905 			}
906 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
907 		}
908 		if (kthread_should_stop())
909 			goto checkwait;
910 
911 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
912 		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
913 		while (time_before(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
914 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
915 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
916 			if (torture_must_stop())
917 				goto checkwait;
918 		}
919 
920 		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
921 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
922 		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
923 		while (time_before(jiffies, endtime)) {
924 			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
925 			if (!smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
926 				/* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
927 				smp_store_release(&rbi.inflight, 1);
928 				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
929 				/* Check if the boost test failed */
930 				failed = failed ||
931 					 rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time,
932 								 jiffies);
933 				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
934 			}
935 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
936 			if (torture_must_stop())
937 				goto checkwait;
938 		}
939 
940 		/*
941 		 * If boost never happened, then inflight will always be 1, in
942 		 * this case the boost check would never happen in the above
943 		 * loop so do another one here.
944 		 */
945 		if (!failed && smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight))
946 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time, jiffies);
947 
948 		/*
949 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
950 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
951 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
952 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
953 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
954 		 */
955 		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
956 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
957 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
958 				boost_starttime = jiffies +
959 						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
960 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
961 				break;
962 			}
963 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
964 		}
965 
966 		/* Go do the stutter. */
967 checkwait:	stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
968 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
969 
970 	/* Clean up and exit. */
971 	while (!kthread_should_stop() || smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
972 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
973 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
974 	}
975 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
976 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
977 	return 0;
978 }
979 
980 /*
981  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
982  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
983  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
984  */
985 static int
986 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
987 {
988 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
989 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
990 
991 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
992 	do {
993 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
994 		while (time_before(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
995 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
996 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
997 		}
998 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
999 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
1000 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1001 			cur_ops->fqs();
1002 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
1003 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
1004 		}
1005 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs");
1006 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1007 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
1008 	return 0;
1009 }
1010 
1011 /*
1012  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
1013  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
1014  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
1015  */
1016 static int
1017 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
1018 {
1019 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1020 	int expediting = 0;
1021 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1022 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
1023 	bool gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
1024 	int i;
1025 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
1026 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
1027 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1028 	int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC,
1029 			   RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
1030 	int nsynctypes = 0;
1031 
1032 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
1033 	if (!can_expedite)
1034 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1035 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
1036 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1037 
1038 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
1039 	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_sync1)
1040 		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_sync1 = true;
1041 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
1042 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
1043 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
1044 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
1045 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
1046 	}
1047 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1048 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1049 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1050 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1051 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1052 	}
1053 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1054 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1055 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
1056 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1057 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
1058 	}
1059 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
1060 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
1061 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
1062 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
1063 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
1064 	}
1065 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1066 		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
1067 		/*
1068 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1069 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1070 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1071 		 */
1072 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1073 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1074 	}
1075 
1076 	do {
1077 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
1078 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
1079 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
1080 		if (rp == NULL)
1081 			continue;
1082 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
1083 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1084 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1085 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1086 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1087 					       current == writer_task);
1088 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1089 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1090 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1091 		if (old_rp) {
1092 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1093 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1094 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1095 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1096 			WRITE_ONCE(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count,
1097 				   old_rp->rtort_pipe_count + 1);
1098 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1099 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1100 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1101 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1102 				break;
1103 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1104 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1105 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1106 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1107 				break;
1108 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1109 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1110 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_state();
1111 				i = torture_random(&rand) % 16;
1112 				if (i != 0)
1113 					schedule_timeout_interruptible(i);
1114 				udelay(torture_random(&rand) % 1000);
1115 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1116 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1117 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1118 				break;
1119 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1120 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1121 				cur_ops->sync();
1122 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1123 				break;
1124 			default:
1125 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1126 				break;
1127 			}
1128 		}
1129 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1130 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1131 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1132 		if (can_expedite &&
1133 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1134 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1135 			if (expediting >= 0)
1136 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1137 			else
1138 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1139 			if (++expediting > 3)
1140 				expediting = -expediting;
1141 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1142 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1143 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1144 		}
1145 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1146 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer") &&
1147 		    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
1148 		    !cur_ops->slow_gps &&
1149 		    !torture_must_stop() &&
1150 		    rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
1151 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1152 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free) &&
1153 				    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) !=
1154 				    &rcu_tortures[i]) {
1155 					rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1156 					WARN(1, "%s: rtort_pipe_count: %d\n", __func__, rcu_tortures[i].rtort_pipe_count);
1157 				}
1158 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1159 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;  // Let stats task know that we are done.
1160 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1161 	if (expediting > 0)
1162 		expediting = -expediting;
1163 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1164 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1165 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1166 	if (!can_expedite)
1167 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1168 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1169 			 torture_type);
1170 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1171 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1172 	return 0;
1173 }
1174 
1175 /*
1176  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1177  * delay between calls.
1178  */
1179 static int
1180 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1181 {
1182 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1183 
1184 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1185 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1186 
1187 	do {
1188 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + torture_random(&rand)%10);
1189 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1190 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1191 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1192 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1193 		} else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
1194 			if (cur_ops->sync && torture_random(&rand) & 0x80)
1195 				cur_ops->sync();
1196 			else if (cur_ops->exp_sync)
1197 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1198 		} else if (gp_normal && cur_ops->sync) {
1199 			cur_ops->sync();
1200 		} else if (cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1201 			cur_ops->exp_sync();
1202 		}
1203 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1204 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1205 
1206 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1207 	return 0;
1208 }
1209 
1210 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1211 {
1212 	kfree(rhp);
1213 }
1214 
1215 /*
1216  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1217  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1218  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1219  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1220  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1221  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1222  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1223  */
1224 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1225 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1226 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1227 {
1228 	unsigned long flags;
1229 	int idxnew = -1;
1230 	int idxold = *readstate;
1231 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1232 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1233 
1234 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold < 0);
1235 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1236 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1237 
1238 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1239 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1240 		local_bh_disable();
1241 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1242 		local_irq_disable();
1243 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1244 		preempt_disable();
1245 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1246 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1247 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1248 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1249 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU)
1250 		idxnew = cur_ops->readlock() << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT;
1251 
1252 	/* Next, remove old protection, irq first due to bh conflict. */
1253 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1254 		local_irq_enable();
1255 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1256 		local_bh_enable();
1257 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1258 		preempt_enable();
1259 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1260 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1261 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1262 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1263 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU) {
1264 		bool lockit = !statesnew && !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xffff);
1265 
1266 		if (lockit)
1267 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1268 		cur_ops->readunlock(idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1269 		if (lockit)
1270 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1271 	}
1272 
1273 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1274 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1275 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1276 
1277 	/* Update the reader state. */
1278 	if (idxnew == -1)
1279 		idxnew = idxold & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK;
1280 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew < 0);
1281 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1282 	*readstate = idxnew | newstate;
1283 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) < 0);
1284 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1285 }
1286 
1287 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1288 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1289 {
1290 	int mask;
1291 
1292 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1293 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1294 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1295 	return mask;
1296 }
1297 
1298 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1299 static int
1300 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1301 {
1302 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1303 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp) >> 8;
1304 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1305 
1306 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1307 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
1308 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1309 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1310 	else
1311 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1312 	/* Can't enable bh w/irq disabled. */
1313 	if ((mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) &&
1314 	    ((!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)) ||
1315 	     (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH))))
1316 		mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1317 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1318 }
1319 
1320 /*
1321  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1322  * critical section.
1323  */
1324 static struct rt_read_seg *
1325 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1326 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1327 {
1328 	int i;
1329 	int j;
1330 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1331 
1332 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1333 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1334 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1335 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1336 	i = (torture_random(trsp) >> 3);
1337 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1338 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1339 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1340 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1341 	}
1342 	return &rtrsp[j];
1343 }
1344 
1345 /*
1346  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1347  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1348  * from a timer handler.
1349  */
1350 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1351 {
1352 	int i;
1353 	unsigned long started;
1354 	unsigned long completed;
1355 	int newstate;
1356 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1357 	int pipe_count;
1358 	int readstate = 0;
1359 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1360 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
1361 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
1362 	unsigned long long ts;
1363 
1364 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_is_watching());
1365 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
1366 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
1367 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1368 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1369 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1370 				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1371 				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1372 				  srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp) ||
1373 				  rcu_read_lock_trace_held() ||
1374 				  torturing_tasks());
1375 	if (p == NULL) {
1376 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1377 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1378 		return false;
1379 	}
1380 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1381 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1382 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
1383 	preempt_disable();
1384 	pipe_count = READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count);
1385 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1386 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1387 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1388 	}
1389 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1390 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1391 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1392 					  ts, started, completed);
1393 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1394 	}
1395 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1396 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
1397 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1398 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1399 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1400 	}
1401 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1402 	preempt_enable();
1403 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1404 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK);
1405 	// This next splat is expected behavior if leakpointer, especially
1406 	// for CONFIG_RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD=y kernels.
1407 	WARN_ON_ONCE(leakpointer && READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count) > 1);
1408 
1409 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
1410 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
1411 		i = 0;
1412 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
1413 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
1414 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
1415 	}
1416 
1417 	return true;
1418 }
1419 
1420 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
1421 
1422 /*
1423  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1424  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1425  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1426  * RCU implementation is broken.
1427  */
1428 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
1429 {
1430 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
1431 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand));
1432 
1433 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
1434 	if (cur_ops->call) {
1435 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
1436 
1437 		if (rhp)
1438 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
1439 	}
1440 }
1441 
1442 /*
1443  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1444  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1445  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1446  * RCU implementation is broken.
1447  */
1448 static int
1449 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1450 {
1451 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
1452 	long myid = (long)arg;
1453 	int mynumonline = myid;
1454 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1455 	struct timer_list t;
1456 
1457 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1458 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1459 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1460 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1461 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
1462 	do {
1463 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1464 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1465 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1466 		}
1467 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand) && !torture_must_stop())
1468 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1469 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1470 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1471 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
1472 		}
1473 		while (num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
1474 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
1475 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1476 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1477 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1478 		del_timer_sync(&t);
1479 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1480 	}
1481 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
1482 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1483 	return 0;
1484 }
1485 
1486 /*
1487  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1488  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1489  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1490  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1491  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1492  * thread is not running).
1493  */
1494 static void
1495 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1496 {
1497 	int cpu;
1498 	int i;
1499 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1500 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1501 	struct rcu_torture *rtcp;
1502 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1503 	static bool splatted;
1504 	struct task_struct *wtp;
1505 
1506 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1507 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1508 			pipesummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i]);
1509 			batchsummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i]);
1510 		}
1511 	}
1512 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1513 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1514 			break;
1515 	}
1516 
1517 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1518 	rtcp = rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current);
1519 	pr_cont("rtc: %p %s: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1520 		rtcp,
1521 		rtcp && !rcu_stall_is_suppressed_at_boot() ? "ver" : "VER",
1522 		rcu_torture_current_version,
1523 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1524 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1525 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1526 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1527 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1528 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1529 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
1530 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1531 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1532 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1533 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1534 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1535 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
1536 	torture_onoff_stats();
1537 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
1538 		data_race(n_barrier_successes),
1539 		data_race(n_barrier_attempts),
1540 		data_race(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error));
1541 	pr_cont("read-exits: %ld\n", data_race(n_read_exits));
1542 
1543 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1544 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) ||
1545 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error || n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror ||
1546 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror || n_rcu_torture_boost_failure ||
1547 	    i > 1) {
1548 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1549 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1550 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror));
1551 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);  // rcu_barrier()
1552 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror); // no boost kthread
1553 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror); // can't set RT prio
1554 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_failure); // RCU boost failed
1555 		WARN_ON_ONCE(i > 1); // Too-short grace period
1556 	}
1557 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1558 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1559 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1560 	pr_cont("\n");
1561 
1562 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1563 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1564 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1565 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1566 	pr_cont("\n");
1567 
1568 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1569 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1570 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1571 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1572 	}
1573 	pr_cont("\n");
1574 
1575 	if (cur_ops->stats)
1576 		cur_ops->stats();
1577 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1578 	    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) &&
1579 	    !rcu_stall_is_suppressed()) {
1580 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
1581 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
1582 
1583 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1584 				       &flags, &gp_seq);
1585 		srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp,
1586 					&flags, &gp_seq);
1587 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
1588 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#lx cpu %d\n",
1589 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1590 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
1591 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0UL : wtp->state,
1592 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
1593 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
1594 			sched_show_task(wtp);
1595 			splatted = true;
1596 		}
1597 		show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1598 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1599 	}
1600 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1601 }
1602 
1603 /*
1604  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1605  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1606  */
1607 static int
1608 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1609 {
1610 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1611 	do {
1612 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1613 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1614 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1615 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1616 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1617 	return 0;
1618 }
1619 
1620 static void
1621 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1622 {
1623 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1624 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1625 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1626 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1627 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1628 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1629 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1630 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
1631 		 "stall_cpu_block=%d "
1632 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1633 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d "
1634 		 "read_exit_delay=%d read_exit_burst=%d\n",
1635 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1636 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1637 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1638 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1639 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1640 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
1641 		 stall_cpu_block,
1642 		 n_barrier_cbs,
1643 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff,
1644 		 read_exit_delay, read_exit_burst);
1645 }
1646 
1647 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
1648 {
1649 	struct task_struct *t;
1650 
1651 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1652 		return 0;
1653 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1654 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1655 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1656 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
1657 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1658 
1659 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1660 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1661 	return 0;
1662 }
1663 
1664 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
1665 {
1666 	int retval;
1667 
1668 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1669 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1670 
1671 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1672 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1673 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
1674 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1675 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1676 						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1677 						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1678 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1679 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1680 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1681 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1682 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1683 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1684 		return retval;
1685 	}
1686 	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1687 	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1688 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1689 	return 0;
1690 }
1691 
1692 /*
1693  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1694  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1695  */
1696 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1697 {
1698 	int idx;
1699 	unsigned long stop_at;
1700 
1701 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1702 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1703 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1704 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1705 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1706 	}
1707 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_gp_kthread > 0) {
1708 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin GP stall");
1709 		rcu_gp_set_torture_wait(stall_gp_kthread * HZ);
1710 		for (idx = 0; idx < stall_gp_kthread + 2; idx++) {
1711 			if (kthread_should_stop())
1712 				break;
1713 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
1714 		}
1715 	}
1716 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_cpu > 0) {
1717 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin CPU stall");
1718 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1719 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1720 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1721 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1722 			local_irq_disable();
1723 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
1724 			preempt_disable();
1725 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start on CPU %d.\n",
1726 			 raw_smp_processor_id());
1727 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(),
1728 				    stop_at))
1729 			if (stall_cpu_block)
1730 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
1731 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1732 			local_irq_enable();
1733 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
1734 			preempt_enable();
1735 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1736 	}
1737 	pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1738 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1739 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1740 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1741 	return 0;
1742 }
1743 
1744 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1745 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1746 {
1747 	if (stall_cpu <= 0 && stall_gp_kthread <= 0)
1748 		return 0;
1749 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1750 }
1751 
1752 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
1753 struct fwd_cb_state {
1754 	struct rcu_head rh;
1755 	int stop;
1756 };
1757 
1758 /*
1759  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
1760  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
1761  * critical section.
1762  */
1763 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1764 {
1765 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
1766 
1767 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
1768 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
1769 		return;
1770 	}
1771 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1772 }
1773 
1774 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1775 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
1776 	struct rcu_head rh;
1777 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
1778 	struct rcu_fwd *rfc_rfp;
1779 	int rfc_gps;
1780 };
1781 
1782 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
1783 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
1784 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
1785 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
1786 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
1787 
1788 struct rcu_launder_hist {
1789 	long n_launders;
1790 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
1791 };
1792 
1793 struct rcu_fwd {
1794 	spinlock_t rcu_fwd_lock;
1795 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1796 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
1797 	long n_launders_cb;
1798 	unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
1799 	struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
1800 	unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
1801 };
1802 
1803 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_fwd_mutex);
1804 static struct rcu_fwd *rcu_fwds;
1805 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
1806 
1807 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
1808 {
1809 	unsigned long gps;
1810 	unsigned long gps_old;
1811 	int i;
1812 	int j;
1813 
1814 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
1815 		if (rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
1816 			break;
1817 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram (duration %lu jiffies):",
1818 		 __func__, jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat);
1819 	gps_old = rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
1820 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
1821 		gps = rfp->n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
1822 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
1823 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV,
1824 			rfp->n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
1825 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
1826 		gps_old = gps;
1827 	}
1828 	pr_cont("\n");
1829 }
1830 
1831 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1832 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1833 {
1834 	unsigned long flags;
1835 	int i;
1836 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
1837 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
1838 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = rfcp->rfc_rfp;
1839 
1840 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
1841 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
1842 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1843 	rfcpp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
1844 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
1845 	WRITE_ONCE(*rfcpp, rfcp);
1846 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb, rfp->n_launders_cb + 1);
1847 	i = ((jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
1848 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist))
1849 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1;
1850 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
1851 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1852 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1853 }
1854 
1855 // Give the scheduler a chance, even on nohz_full CPUs.
1856 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(unsigned long iter)
1857 {
1858 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)) {
1859 		// Real call_rcu() floods hit userspace, so emulate that.
1860 		if (need_resched() || (iter & 0xfff))
1861 			schedule();
1862 		return;
1863 	}
1864 	// No userspace emulation: CB invocation throttles call_rcu()
1865 	cond_resched();
1866 }
1867 
1868 /*
1869  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
1870  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
1871  */
1872 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
1873 {
1874 	unsigned long flags;
1875 	unsigned long freed = 0;
1876 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1877 
1878 	for (;;) {
1879 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1880 		rfcp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1881 		if (!rfcp) {
1882 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1883 			break;
1884 		}
1885 		rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
1886 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head)
1887 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1888 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
1889 		kfree(rfcp);
1890 		freed++;
1891 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(freed);
1892 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
1893 			local_irq_save(flags);
1894 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
1895 			local_irq_restore(flags);
1896 		}
1897 	}
1898 	return freed;
1899 }
1900 
1901 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
1902 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp,
1903 				    int *tested, int *tested_tries)
1904 {
1905 	unsigned long cver;
1906 	unsigned long dur;
1907 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
1908 	unsigned long gps;
1909 	int idx;
1910 	int sd;
1911 	int sd4;
1912 	bool selfpropcb = false;
1913 	unsigned long stopat;
1914 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
1915 
1916 	if  (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->sync && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
1917 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1918 		selfpropcb = true;
1919 	}
1920 
1921 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
1922 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
1923 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
1924 	if  (selfpropcb) {
1925 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
1926 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1927 	}
1928 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
1929 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1930 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
1931 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
1932 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
1933 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
1934 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
1935 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1936 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
1937 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1938 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1939 		udelay(10);
1940 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1941 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
1942 			cond_resched();
1943 	}
1944 	(*tested_tries)++;
1945 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
1946 	    !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
1947 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1948 		(*tested)++;
1949 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
1950 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
1951 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
1952 		pr_alert("%s: Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__, dur, cver, gps);
1953 	}
1954 	if (selfpropcb) {
1955 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
1956 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
1957 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
1958 	}
1959 
1960 	if (selfpropcb) {
1961 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
1962 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
1963 	}
1964 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 10); /* Let kthreads recover. */
1965 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
1966 }
1967 
1968 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
1969 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
1970 {
1971 	unsigned long cver;
1972 	unsigned long flags;
1973 	unsigned long gps;
1974 	int i;
1975 	long n_launders;
1976 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
1977 	long n_launders_sa;
1978 	long n_max_cbs;
1979 	long n_max_gps;
1980 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
1981 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
1982 	unsigned long stopat;
1983 	unsigned long stoppedat;
1984 
1985 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
1986 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
1987 	if (!cur_ops->call)
1988 		return; /* Can't do call_rcu() fwd prog without ->call. */
1989 
1990 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
1991 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
1992 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
1993 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
1994 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
1995 	n_launders = 0;
1996 	rfp->n_launders_cb = 0; // Hoist initialization for multi-kthread
1997 	n_launders_sa = 0;
1998 	n_max_cbs = 0;
1999 	n_max_gps = 0;
2000 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist); i++)
2001 		rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
2002 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2003 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2004 	rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
2005 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2006 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2007 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2008 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2009 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head);
2010 		rfcpn = NULL;
2011 		if (rfcp)
2012 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
2013 		if (rfcpn) {
2014 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
2015 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
2016 				break;
2017 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
2018 			n_launders++;
2019 			n_launders_sa++;
2020 		} else {
2021 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
2022 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
2023 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2024 				continue;
2025 			}
2026 			n_max_cbs++;
2027 			n_launders_sa = 0;
2028 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
2029 			rfcp->rfc_rfp = rfp;
2030 		}
2031 		cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
2032 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(n_launders + n_max_cbs);
2033 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2034 			local_irq_save(flags);
2035 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2036 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2037 		}
2038 	}
2039 	stoppedat = jiffies;
2040 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb);
2041 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2042 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2043 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
2044 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp);
2045 
2046 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) &&
2047 	    !shutdown_time_arrived()) {
2048 		WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED);
2049 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n",
2050 			 __func__,
2051 			 stoppedat - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
2052 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
2053 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
2054 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps);
2055 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2056 	}
2057 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ); /* Let CBs drain. */
2058 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2059 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
2060 }
2061 
2062 
2063 /*
2064  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
2065  * current forward-progress test.
2066  */
2067 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
2068 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
2069 {
2070 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2071 
2072 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2073 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2074 	if (!rfp) {
2075 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2076 		return NOTIFY_OK;
2077 	}
2078 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
2079 	     __func__);
2080 	rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2081 	rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
2082 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
2083 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
2084 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2085 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2086 	rcu_barrier();
2087 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2088 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2089 	rcu_barrier();
2090 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2091 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2092 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
2093 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
2094 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
2095 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2096 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2097 }
2098 
2099 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
2100 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
2101 };
2102 
2103 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
2104 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
2105 {
2106 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = args;
2107 	int tested = 0;
2108 	int tested_tries = 0;
2109 
2110 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
2111 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
2112 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
2113 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2114 	do {
2115 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
2116 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
2117 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_RCU) ||
2118 		    rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2119 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(rfp, &tested, &tested_tries);
2120 		if (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2121 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(rfp);
2122 
2123 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
2124 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
2125 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2126 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
2127 	WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
2128 	pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
2129 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
2130 	return 0;
2131 }
2132 
2133 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
2134 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
2135 {
2136 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2137 
2138 	if (!fwd_progress)
2139 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
2140 	if (!cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0 ||
2141 	    cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
2142 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
2143 		return 0;
2144 	}
2145 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
2146 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
2147 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TESTS))
2148 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
2149 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
2150 		return 0;
2151 	}
2152 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
2153 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
2154 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
2155 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
2156 	rfp = kzalloc(sizeof(*rfp), GFP_KERNEL);
2157 	if (!rfp)
2158 		return -ENOMEM;
2159 	spin_lock_init(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock);
2160 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2161 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2162 	rcu_fwds = rfp;
2163 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2164 	register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
2165 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, rfp, fwd_prog_task);
2166 }
2167 
2168 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup(void)
2169 {
2170 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2171 
2172 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_task);
2173 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2174 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2175 	rcu_fwds = NULL;
2176 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2177 	unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
2178 	kfree(rfp);
2179 }
2180 
2181 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
2182 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
2183 {
2184 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
2185 }
2186 
2187 /* IPI handler to get callback posted on desired CPU, if online. */
2188 static void rcu_torture_barrier1cb(void *rcu_void)
2189 {
2190 	struct rcu_head *rhp = rcu_void;
2191 
2192 	cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
2193 }
2194 
2195 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
2196 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
2197 {
2198 	long myid = (long)arg;
2199 	bool lastphase = false;
2200 	bool newphase;
2201 	struct rcu_head rcu;
2202 
2203 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
2204 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
2205 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2206 	do {
2207 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
2208 			   (newphase =
2209 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
2210 			   torture_must_stop());
2211 		lastphase = newphase;
2212 		if (torture_must_stop())
2213 			break;
2214 		/*
2215 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
2216 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
2217 		 */
2218 		if (smp_call_function_single(myid, rcu_torture_barrier1cb,
2219 					     &rcu, 1)) {
2220 			// IPI failed, so use direct call from current CPU.
2221 			cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
2222 		}
2223 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
2224 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
2225 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2226 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2227 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2228 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
2229 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
2230 	return 0;
2231 }
2232 
2233 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
2234 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
2235 {
2236 	int i;
2237 
2238 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
2239 	do {
2240 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2241 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
2242 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
2243 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
2244 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2245 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2246 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
2247 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
2248 			   torture_must_stop());
2249 		if (torture_must_stop())
2250 			break;
2251 		n_barrier_attempts++;
2252 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
2253 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
2254 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
2255 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
2256 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
2257 			       n_barrier_cbs);
2258 			WARN_ON(1);
2259 			// Wait manually for the remaining callbacks
2260 			i = 0;
2261 			do {
2262 				if (WARN_ON(i++ > HZ))
2263 					i = INT_MIN;
2264 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2265 				cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2266 			} while (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) !=
2267 				 n_barrier_cbs &&
2268 				 !torture_must_stop());
2269 			smp_mb(); // Can't trust ordering if broken.
2270 			if (!torture_must_stop())
2271 				pr_err("Recovered: barrier_cbs_invoked = %d\n",
2272 				       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked));
2273 		} else {
2274 			n_barrier_successes++;
2275 		}
2276 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
2277 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2278 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
2279 	return 0;
2280 }
2281 
2282 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
2283 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
2284 {
2285 	int i;
2286 	int ret;
2287 
2288 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
2289 		return 0;
2290 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
2291 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2292 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
2293 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
2294 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2295 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
2296 			 torture_type);
2297 		return 0;
2298 	}
2299 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
2300 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2301 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
2302 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
2303 			GFP_KERNEL);
2304 	barrier_cbs_wq =
2305 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
2306 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
2307 		return -ENOMEM;
2308 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
2309 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2310 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2311 					     (void *)(long)i,
2312 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2313 		if (ret)
2314 			return ret;
2315 	}
2316 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
2317 }
2318 
2319 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
2320 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
2321 {
2322 	int i;
2323 
2324 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
2325 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
2326 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2327 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2328 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2329 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
2330 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
2331 	}
2332 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
2333 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
2334 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
2335 	}
2336 }
2337 
2338 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
2339 {
2340 	static int boost_warn_once;
2341 	int prio;
2342 
2343 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
2344 		return false;
2345 
2346 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
2347 	if (!prio)
2348 		return false;
2349 
2350 	if (prio < 2) {
2351 		if (boost_warn_once  == 1)
2352 			return false;
2353 
2354 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2355 		boost_warn_once = 1;
2356 		return false;
2357 	}
2358 
2359 	return true;
2360 }
2361 
2362 static bool read_exit_child_stop;
2363 static bool read_exit_child_stopped;
2364 static wait_queue_head_t read_exit_wq;
2365 
2366 // Child kthread which just does an rcutorture reader and exits.
2367 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_child(void *trsp_in)
2368 {
2369 	struct torture_random_state *trsp = trsp_in;
2370 
2371 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2372 	// Minimize time between reading and exiting.
2373 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
2374 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
2375 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(trsp);
2376 	return 0;
2377 }
2378 
2379 // Parent kthread which creates and destroys read-exit child kthreads.
2380 static int rcu_torture_read_exit(void *unused)
2381 {
2382 	int count = 0;
2383 	bool errexit = false;
2384 	int i;
2385 	struct task_struct *tsp;
2386 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2387 
2388 	// Allocate and initialize.
2389 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2390 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of test");
2391 
2392 	// Each pass through this loop does one read-exit episode.
2393 	do {
2394 		if (++count > read_exit_burst) {
2395 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: End of episode");
2396 			rcu_barrier(); // Wait for task_struct free, avoid OOM.
2397 			for (i = 0; i < read_exit_delay; i++) {
2398 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2399 				if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2400 					break;
2401 			}
2402 			if (!READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2403 				VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of episode");
2404 			count = 0;
2405 		}
2406 		if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2407 			break;
2408 		// Spawn child.
2409 		tsp = kthread_run(rcu_torture_read_exit_child,
2410 				     &trs, "%s",
2411 				     "rcu_torture_read_exit_child");
2412 		if (IS_ERR(tsp)) {
2413 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2414 			errexit = true;
2415 			tsp = NULL;
2416 			break;
2417 		}
2418 		cond_resched();
2419 		kthread_stop(tsp);
2420 		n_read_exits ++;
2421 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_read_exit");
2422 	} while (!errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop));
2423 
2424 	// Clean up and exit.
2425 	smp_store_release(&read_exit_child_stopped, true); // After reaping.
2426 	smp_mb(); // Store before wakeup.
2427 	wake_up(&read_exit_wq);
2428 	while (!torture_must_stop())
2429 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
2430 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_read_exit");
2431 	return 0;
2432 }
2433 
2434 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_init(void)
2435 {
2436 	if (read_exit_burst <= 0)
2437 		return -EINVAL;
2438 	init_waitqueue_head(&read_exit_wq);
2439 	read_exit_child_stop = false;
2440 	read_exit_child_stopped = false;
2441 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_read_exit, NULL,
2442 				      read_exit_task);
2443 }
2444 
2445 static void rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup(void)
2446 {
2447 	if (!read_exit_task)
2448 		return;
2449 	WRITE_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop, true);
2450 	smp_mb(); // Above write before wait.
2451 	wait_event(read_exit_wq, smp_load_acquire(&read_exit_child_stopped));
2452 	torture_stop_kthread(rcutorture_read_exit, read_exit_task);
2453 }
2454 
2455 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
2456 
2457 static void
2458 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
2459 {
2460 	int firsttime;
2461 	int flags = 0;
2462 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2463 	int i;
2464 
2465 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
2466 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2467 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2468 		return;
2469 	}
2470 	if (!cur_ops) {
2471 		torture_cleanup_end();
2472 		return;
2473 	}
2474 
2475 	show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
2476 	rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup();
2477 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
2478 	rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup();
2479 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
2480 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
2481 
2482 	if (reader_tasks) {
2483 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
2484 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
2485 					     reader_tasks[i]);
2486 		kfree(reader_tasks);
2487 	}
2488 
2489 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
2490 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2491 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2492 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2493 		}
2494 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
2495 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
2496 	}
2497 
2498 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2499 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2500 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x total-gps=%ld\n",
2501 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags,
2502 		 rcutorture_seq_diff(gp_seq, start_gp_seq));
2503 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
2504 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
2505 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost())
2506 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
2507 
2508 	/*
2509 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
2510 	 * cleanup operations.
2511 	 */
2512 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2513 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2514 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
2515 		cur_ops->cleanup();
2516 
2517 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
2518 
2519 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
2520 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
2521 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
2522 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
2523 		firsttime = 1;
2524 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
2525 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
2526 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
2527 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2528 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
2529 				firsttime = 0;
2530 			}
2531 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
2532 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2533 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
2534 				firsttime = 0;
2535 			}
2536 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
2537 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2538 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
2539 				firsttime = 0;
2540 			}
2541 			pr_cont("%s\n",
2542 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
2543 
2544 		}
2545 	}
2546 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
2547 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
2548 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
2549 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
2550 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
2551 	else
2552 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
2553 	torture_cleanup_end();
2554 }
2555 
2556 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2557 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2558 {
2559 }
2560 
2561 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2562 {
2563 	/*
2564 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
2565 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
2566 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
2567 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
2568 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
2569 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
2570 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
2571 	 */
2572 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2573 }
2574 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2575 
2576 /*
2577  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
2578  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
2579  * cannot be carried out.
2580  */
2581 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
2582 {
2583 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2584 	struct rcu_head rh1;
2585 	struct rcu_head rh2;
2586 
2587 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2588 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2589 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2590 
2591 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
2592 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
2593 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
2594 	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
2595 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
2596 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
2597 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
2598 	local_irq_enable();
2599 	rcu_read_unlock();
2600 	preempt_enable();
2601 
2602 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
2603 	rcu_barrier();
2604 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2605 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2606 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2607 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2608 	pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2609 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2610 }
2611 
2612 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
2613 {
2614 	static unsigned long n;
2615 
2616 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
2617 		cur_ops->sync();
2618 }
2619 
2620 static int __init
2621 rcu_torture_init(void)
2622 {
2623 	long i;
2624 	int cpu;
2625 	int firsterr = 0;
2626 	int flags = 0;
2627 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2628 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
2629 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops,
2630 		&busted_srcud_ops, &tasks_ops, &tasks_rude_ops,
2631 		&tasks_tracing_ops, &trivial_ops,
2632 	};
2633 
2634 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
2635 		return -EBUSY;
2636 
2637 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
2638 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
2639 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
2640 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
2641 			break;
2642 	}
2643 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
2644 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
2645 			 torture_type);
2646 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
2647 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
2648 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
2649 		pr_cont("\n");
2650 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
2651 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
2652 		cur_ops = NULL;
2653 		goto unwind;
2654 	}
2655 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
2656 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
2657 		fqs_duration = 0;
2658 	}
2659 	if (cur_ops->init)
2660 		cur_ops->init();
2661 
2662 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
2663 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
2664 	} else {
2665 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
2666 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
2667 			nrealreaders = 1;
2668 	}
2669 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
2670 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2671 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2672 	start_gp_seq = gp_seq;
2673 	pr_alert("%s:  Start-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x\n",
2674 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags);
2675 
2676 	/* Set up the freelist. */
2677 
2678 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
2679 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
2680 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
2681 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
2682 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
2683 	}
2684 
2685 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
2686 
2687 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
2688 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
2689 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
2690 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
2691 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
2692 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
2693 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
2694 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
2695 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
2696 	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
2697 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
2698 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
2699 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2700 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
2701 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2702 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2703 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
2704 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
2705 		}
2706 	}
2707 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
2708 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
2709 
2710 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
2711 
2712 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
2713 					  writer_task);
2714 	if (firsterr)
2715 		goto unwind;
2716 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
2717 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
2718 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
2719 					   GFP_KERNEL);
2720 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
2721 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2722 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2723 			goto unwind;
2724 		}
2725 	}
2726 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2727 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2728 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2729 		if (firsterr)
2730 			goto unwind;
2731 	}
2732 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
2733 			       GFP_KERNEL);
2734 	if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
2735 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2736 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2737 		goto unwind;
2738 	}
2739 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
2740 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
2741 						  reader_tasks[i]);
2742 		if (firsterr)
2743 			goto unwind;
2744 	}
2745 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
2746 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
2747 						  stats_task);
2748 		if (firsterr)
2749 			goto unwind;
2750 	}
2751 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
2752 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
2753 		if (firsterr)
2754 			goto unwind;
2755 	}
2756 	if (stutter < 0)
2757 		stutter = 0;
2758 	if (stutter) {
2759 		int t;
2760 
2761 		t = cur_ops->stall_dur ? cur_ops->stall_dur() : stutter * HZ;
2762 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ, t);
2763 		if (firsterr)
2764 			goto unwind;
2765 	}
2766 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
2767 		fqs_duration = 0;
2768 	if (fqs_duration) {
2769 		/* Create the fqs thread */
2770 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
2771 						  fqs_task);
2772 		if (firsterr)
2773 			goto unwind;
2774 	}
2775 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
2776 		test_boost_interval = 1;
2777 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
2778 		test_boost_duration = 2;
2779 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
2780 
2781 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
2782 
2783 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
2784 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
2785 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
2786 		if (firsterr < 0)
2787 			goto unwind;
2788 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
2789 	}
2790 	shutdown_jiffies = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
2791 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
2792 	if (firsterr)
2793 		goto unwind;
2794 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
2795 				      rcutorture_sync);
2796 	if (firsterr)
2797 		goto unwind;
2798 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
2799 	if (firsterr)
2800 		goto unwind;
2801 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
2802 	if (firsterr)
2803 		goto unwind;
2804 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
2805 	if (firsterr)
2806 		goto unwind;
2807 	firsterr = rcu_torture_read_exit_init();
2808 	if (firsterr)
2809 		goto unwind;
2810 	if (object_debug)
2811 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
2812 	torture_init_end();
2813 	return 0;
2814 
2815 unwind:
2816 	torture_init_end();
2817 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
2818 	return firsterr;
2819 }
2820 
2821 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
2822 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
2823