xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c (revision da1d9caf)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 #include <linux/atomic.h>
3 #include <linux/percpu.h>
4 #include <linux/wait.h>
5 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
6 #include <linux/percpu-rwsem.h>
7 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
8 #include <linux/sched.h>
9 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
10 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <trace/events/lock.h>
13 
14 int __percpu_init_rwsem(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem,
15 			const char *name, struct lock_class_key *key)
16 {
17 	sem->read_count = alloc_percpu(int);
18 	if (unlikely(!sem->read_count))
19 		return -ENOMEM;
20 
21 	rcu_sync_init(&sem->rss);
22 	rcuwait_init(&sem->writer);
23 	init_waitqueue_head(&sem->waiters);
24 	atomic_set(&sem->block, 0);
25 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
26 	debug_check_no_locks_freed((void *)sem, sizeof(*sem));
27 	lockdep_init_map(&sem->dep_map, name, key, 0);
28 #endif
29 	return 0;
30 }
31 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__percpu_init_rwsem);
32 
33 void percpu_free_rwsem(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem)
34 {
35 	/*
36 	 * XXX: temporary kludge. The error path in alloc_super()
37 	 * assumes that percpu_free_rwsem() is safe after kzalloc().
38 	 */
39 	if (!sem->read_count)
40 		return;
41 
42 	rcu_sync_dtor(&sem->rss);
43 	free_percpu(sem->read_count);
44 	sem->read_count = NULL; /* catch use after free bugs */
45 }
46 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(percpu_free_rwsem);
47 
48 static bool __percpu_down_read_trylock(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem)
49 {
50 	this_cpu_inc(*sem->read_count);
51 
52 	/*
53 	 * Due to having preemption disabled the decrement happens on
54 	 * the same CPU as the increment, avoiding the
55 	 * increment-on-one-CPU-and-decrement-on-another problem.
56 	 *
57 	 * If the reader misses the writer's assignment of sem->block, then the
58 	 * writer is guaranteed to see the reader's increment.
59 	 *
60 	 * Conversely, any readers that increment their sem->read_count after
61 	 * the writer looks are guaranteed to see the sem->block value, which
62 	 * in turn means that they are guaranteed to immediately decrement
63 	 * their sem->read_count, so that it doesn't matter that the writer
64 	 * missed them.
65 	 */
66 
67 	smp_mb(); /* A matches D */
68 
69 	/*
70 	 * If !sem->block the critical section starts here, matched by the
71 	 * release in percpu_up_write().
72 	 */
73 	if (likely(!atomic_read_acquire(&sem->block)))
74 		return true;
75 
76 	this_cpu_dec(*sem->read_count);
77 
78 	/* Prod writer to re-evaluate readers_active_check() */
79 	rcuwait_wake_up(&sem->writer);
80 
81 	return false;
82 }
83 
84 static inline bool __percpu_down_write_trylock(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem)
85 {
86 	if (atomic_read(&sem->block))
87 		return false;
88 
89 	return atomic_xchg(&sem->block, 1) == 0;
90 }
91 
92 static bool __percpu_rwsem_trylock(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem, bool reader)
93 {
94 	if (reader) {
95 		bool ret;
96 
97 		preempt_disable();
98 		ret = __percpu_down_read_trylock(sem);
99 		preempt_enable();
100 
101 		return ret;
102 	}
103 	return __percpu_down_write_trylock(sem);
104 }
105 
106 /*
107  * The return value of wait_queue_entry::func means:
108  *
109  *  <0 - error, wakeup is terminated and the error is returned
110  *   0 - no wakeup, a next waiter is tried
111  *  >0 - woken, if EXCLUSIVE, counted towards @nr_exclusive.
112  *
113  * We use EXCLUSIVE for both readers and writers to preserve FIFO order,
114  * and play games with the return value to allow waking multiple readers.
115  *
116  * Specifically, we wake readers until we've woken a single writer, or until a
117  * trylock fails.
118  */
119 static int percpu_rwsem_wake_function(struct wait_queue_entry *wq_entry,
120 				      unsigned int mode, int wake_flags,
121 				      void *key)
122 {
123 	bool reader = wq_entry->flags & WQ_FLAG_CUSTOM;
124 	struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem = key;
125 	struct task_struct *p;
126 
127 	/* concurrent against percpu_down_write(), can get stolen */
128 	if (!__percpu_rwsem_trylock(sem, reader))
129 		return 1;
130 
131 	p = get_task_struct(wq_entry->private);
132 	list_del_init(&wq_entry->entry);
133 	smp_store_release(&wq_entry->private, NULL);
134 
135 	wake_up_process(p);
136 	put_task_struct(p);
137 
138 	return !reader; /* wake (readers until) 1 writer */
139 }
140 
141 static void percpu_rwsem_wait(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem, bool reader)
142 {
143 	DEFINE_WAIT_FUNC(wq_entry, percpu_rwsem_wake_function);
144 	bool wait;
145 
146 	spin_lock_irq(&sem->waiters.lock);
147 	/*
148 	 * Serialize against the wakeup in percpu_up_write(), if we fail
149 	 * the trylock, the wakeup must see us on the list.
150 	 */
151 	wait = !__percpu_rwsem_trylock(sem, reader);
152 	if (wait) {
153 		wq_entry.flags |= WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE | reader * WQ_FLAG_CUSTOM;
154 		__add_wait_queue_entry_tail(&sem->waiters, &wq_entry);
155 	}
156 	spin_unlock_irq(&sem->waiters.lock);
157 
158 	while (wait) {
159 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
160 		if (!smp_load_acquire(&wq_entry.private))
161 			break;
162 		schedule();
163 	}
164 	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
165 }
166 
167 bool __sched __percpu_down_read(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem, bool try)
168 {
169 	if (__percpu_down_read_trylock(sem))
170 		return true;
171 
172 	if (try)
173 		return false;
174 
175 	trace_contention_begin(sem, LCB_F_PERCPU | LCB_F_READ);
176 	preempt_enable();
177 	percpu_rwsem_wait(sem, /* .reader = */ true);
178 	preempt_disable();
179 	trace_contention_end(sem, 0);
180 
181 	return true;
182 }
183 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__percpu_down_read);
184 
185 #define per_cpu_sum(var)						\
186 ({									\
187 	typeof(var) __sum = 0;						\
188 	int cpu;							\
189 	compiletime_assert_atomic_type(__sum);				\
190 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)					\
191 		__sum += per_cpu(var, cpu);				\
192 	__sum;								\
193 })
194 
195 /*
196  * Return true if the modular sum of the sem->read_count per-CPU variable is
197  * zero.  If this sum is zero, then it is stable due to the fact that if any
198  * newly arriving readers increment a given counter, they will immediately
199  * decrement that same counter.
200  *
201  * Assumes sem->block is set.
202  */
203 static bool readers_active_check(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem)
204 {
205 	if (per_cpu_sum(*sem->read_count) != 0)
206 		return false;
207 
208 	/*
209 	 * If we observed the decrement; ensure we see the entire critical
210 	 * section.
211 	 */
212 
213 	smp_mb(); /* C matches B */
214 
215 	return true;
216 }
217 
218 void __sched percpu_down_write(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem)
219 {
220 	might_sleep();
221 	rwsem_acquire(&sem->dep_map, 0, 0, _RET_IP_);
222 	trace_contention_begin(sem, LCB_F_PERCPU | LCB_F_WRITE);
223 
224 	/* Notify readers to take the slow path. */
225 	rcu_sync_enter(&sem->rss);
226 
227 	/*
228 	 * Try set sem->block; this provides writer-writer exclusion.
229 	 * Having sem->block set makes new readers block.
230 	 */
231 	if (!__percpu_down_write_trylock(sem))
232 		percpu_rwsem_wait(sem, /* .reader = */ false);
233 
234 	/* smp_mb() implied by __percpu_down_write_trylock() on success -- D matches A */
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * If they don't see our store of sem->block, then we are guaranteed to
238 	 * see their sem->read_count increment, and therefore will wait for
239 	 * them.
240 	 */
241 
242 	/* Wait for all active readers to complete. */
243 	rcuwait_wait_event(&sem->writer, readers_active_check(sem), TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
244 	trace_contention_end(sem, 0);
245 }
246 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(percpu_down_write);
247 
248 void percpu_up_write(struct percpu_rw_semaphore *sem)
249 {
250 	rwsem_release(&sem->dep_map, _RET_IP_);
251 
252 	/*
253 	 * Signal the writer is done, no fast path yet.
254 	 *
255 	 * One reason that we cannot just immediately flip to readers_fast is
256 	 * that new readers might fail to see the results of this writer's
257 	 * critical section.
258 	 *
259 	 * Therefore we force it through the slow path which guarantees an
260 	 * acquire and thereby guarantees the critical section's consistency.
261 	 */
262 	atomic_set_release(&sem->block, 0);
263 
264 	/*
265 	 * Prod any pending reader/writer to make progress.
266 	 */
267 	__wake_up(&sem->waiters, TASK_NORMAL, 1, sem);
268 
269 	/*
270 	 * Once this completes (at least one RCU-sched grace period hence) the
271 	 * reader fast path will be available again. Safe to use outside the
272 	 * exclusive write lock because its counting.
273 	 */
274 	rcu_sync_exit(&sem->rss);
275 }
276 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(percpu_up_write);
277