xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/livepatch/core.c (revision d236d361)
1 /*
2  * core.c - Kernel Live Patching Core
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2014 Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com>
5  * Copyright (C) 2014 SUSE
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
9  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
10  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15  * GNU General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18  * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19  */
20 
21 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
22 
23 #include <linux/module.h>
24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
25 #include <linux/mutex.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/list.h>
28 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
29 #include <linux/livepatch.h>
30 #include <linux/elf.h>
31 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
32 #include <linux/completion.h>
33 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
34 #include "core.h"
35 #include "patch.h"
36 #include "transition.h"
37 
38 /*
39  * klp_mutex is a coarse lock which serializes access to klp data.  All
40  * accesses to klp-related variables and structures must have mutex protection,
41  * except within the following functions which carefully avoid the need for it:
42  *
43  * - klp_ftrace_handler()
44  * - klp_update_patch_state()
45  */
46 DEFINE_MUTEX(klp_mutex);
47 
48 static LIST_HEAD(klp_patches);
49 
50 static struct kobject *klp_root_kobj;
51 
52 static bool klp_is_module(struct klp_object *obj)
53 {
54 	return obj->name;
55 }
56 
57 static bool klp_is_object_loaded(struct klp_object *obj)
58 {
59 	return !obj->name || obj->mod;
60 }
61 
62 /* sets obj->mod if object is not vmlinux and module is found */
63 static void klp_find_object_module(struct klp_object *obj)
64 {
65 	struct module *mod;
66 
67 	if (!klp_is_module(obj))
68 		return;
69 
70 	mutex_lock(&module_mutex);
71 	/*
72 	 * We do not want to block removal of patched modules and therefore
73 	 * we do not take a reference here. The patches are removed by
74 	 * klp_module_going() instead.
75 	 */
76 	mod = find_module(obj->name);
77 	/*
78 	 * Do not mess work of klp_module_coming() and klp_module_going().
79 	 * Note that the patch might still be needed before klp_module_going()
80 	 * is called. Module functions can be called even in the GOING state
81 	 * until mod->exit() finishes. This is especially important for
82 	 * patches that modify semantic of the functions.
83 	 */
84 	if (mod && mod->klp_alive)
85 		obj->mod = mod;
86 
87 	mutex_unlock(&module_mutex);
88 }
89 
90 static bool klp_is_patch_registered(struct klp_patch *patch)
91 {
92 	struct klp_patch *mypatch;
93 
94 	list_for_each_entry(mypatch, &klp_patches, list)
95 		if (mypatch == patch)
96 			return true;
97 
98 	return false;
99 }
100 
101 static bool klp_initialized(void)
102 {
103 	return !!klp_root_kobj;
104 }
105 
106 struct klp_find_arg {
107 	const char *objname;
108 	const char *name;
109 	unsigned long addr;
110 	unsigned long count;
111 	unsigned long pos;
112 };
113 
114 static int klp_find_callback(void *data, const char *name,
115 			     struct module *mod, unsigned long addr)
116 {
117 	struct klp_find_arg *args = data;
118 
119 	if ((mod && !args->objname) || (!mod && args->objname))
120 		return 0;
121 
122 	if (strcmp(args->name, name))
123 		return 0;
124 
125 	if (args->objname && strcmp(args->objname, mod->name))
126 		return 0;
127 
128 	args->addr = addr;
129 	args->count++;
130 
131 	/*
132 	 * Finish the search when the symbol is found for the desired position
133 	 * or the position is not defined for a non-unique symbol.
134 	 */
135 	if ((args->pos && (args->count == args->pos)) ||
136 	    (!args->pos && (args->count > 1)))
137 		return 1;
138 
139 	return 0;
140 }
141 
142 static int klp_find_object_symbol(const char *objname, const char *name,
143 				  unsigned long sympos, unsigned long *addr)
144 {
145 	struct klp_find_arg args = {
146 		.objname = objname,
147 		.name = name,
148 		.addr = 0,
149 		.count = 0,
150 		.pos = sympos,
151 	};
152 
153 	mutex_lock(&module_mutex);
154 	if (objname)
155 		module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(klp_find_callback, &args);
156 	else
157 		kallsyms_on_each_symbol(klp_find_callback, &args);
158 	mutex_unlock(&module_mutex);
159 
160 	/*
161 	 * Ensure an address was found. If sympos is 0, ensure symbol is unique;
162 	 * otherwise ensure the symbol position count matches sympos.
163 	 */
164 	if (args.addr == 0)
165 		pr_err("symbol '%s' not found in symbol table\n", name);
166 	else if (args.count > 1 && sympos == 0) {
167 		pr_err("unresolvable ambiguity for symbol '%s' in object '%s'\n",
168 		       name, objname);
169 	} else if (sympos != args.count && sympos > 0) {
170 		pr_err("symbol position %lu for symbol '%s' in object '%s' not found\n",
171 		       sympos, name, objname ? objname : "vmlinux");
172 	} else {
173 		*addr = args.addr;
174 		return 0;
175 	}
176 
177 	*addr = 0;
178 	return -EINVAL;
179 }
180 
181 static int klp_resolve_symbols(Elf_Shdr *relasec, struct module *pmod)
182 {
183 	int i, cnt, vmlinux, ret;
184 	char objname[MODULE_NAME_LEN];
185 	char symname[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
186 	char *strtab = pmod->core_kallsyms.strtab;
187 	Elf_Rela *relas;
188 	Elf_Sym *sym;
189 	unsigned long sympos, addr;
190 
191 	/*
192 	 * Since the field widths for objname and symname in the sscanf()
193 	 * call are hard-coded and correspond to MODULE_NAME_LEN and
194 	 * KSYM_NAME_LEN respectively, we must make sure that MODULE_NAME_LEN
195 	 * and KSYM_NAME_LEN have the values we expect them to have.
196 	 *
197 	 * Because the value of MODULE_NAME_LEN can differ among architectures,
198 	 * we use the smallest/strictest upper bound possible (56, based on
199 	 * the current definition of MODULE_NAME_LEN) to prevent overflows.
200 	 */
201 	BUILD_BUG_ON(MODULE_NAME_LEN < 56 || KSYM_NAME_LEN != 128);
202 
203 	relas = (Elf_Rela *) relasec->sh_addr;
204 	/* For each rela in this klp relocation section */
205 	for (i = 0; i < relasec->sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Rela); i++) {
206 		sym = pmod->core_kallsyms.symtab + ELF_R_SYM(relas[i].r_info);
207 		if (sym->st_shndx != SHN_LIVEPATCH) {
208 			pr_err("symbol %s is not marked as a livepatch symbol\n",
209 			       strtab + sym->st_name);
210 			return -EINVAL;
211 		}
212 
213 		/* Format: .klp.sym.objname.symname,sympos */
214 		cnt = sscanf(strtab + sym->st_name,
215 			     ".klp.sym.%55[^.].%127[^,],%lu",
216 			     objname, symname, &sympos);
217 		if (cnt != 3) {
218 			pr_err("symbol %s has an incorrectly formatted name\n",
219 			       strtab + sym->st_name);
220 			return -EINVAL;
221 		}
222 
223 		/* klp_find_object_symbol() treats a NULL objname as vmlinux */
224 		vmlinux = !strcmp(objname, "vmlinux");
225 		ret = klp_find_object_symbol(vmlinux ? NULL : objname,
226 					     symname, sympos, &addr);
227 		if (ret)
228 			return ret;
229 
230 		sym->st_value = addr;
231 	}
232 
233 	return 0;
234 }
235 
236 static int klp_write_object_relocations(struct module *pmod,
237 					struct klp_object *obj)
238 {
239 	int i, cnt, ret = 0;
240 	const char *objname, *secname;
241 	char sec_objname[MODULE_NAME_LEN];
242 	Elf_Shdr *sec;
243 
244 	if (WARN_ON(!klp_is_object_loaded(obj)))
245 		return -EINVAL;
246 
247 	objname = klp_is_module(obj) ? obj->name : "vmlinux";
248 
249 	/* For each klp relocation section */
250 	for (i = 1; i < pmod->klp_info->hdr.e_shnum; i++) {
251 		sec = pmod->klp_info->sechdrs + i;
252 		secname = pmod->klp_info->secstrings + sec->sh_name;
253 		if (!(sec->sh_flags & SHF_RELA_LIVEPATCH))
254 			continue;
255 
256 		/*
257 		 * Format: .klp.rela.sec_objname.section_name
258 		 * See comment in klp_resolve_symbols() for an explanation
259 		 * of the selected field width value.
260 		 */
261 		cnt = sscanf(secname, ".klp.rela.%55[^.]", sec_objname);
262 		if (cnt != 1) {
263 			pr_err("section %s has an incorrectly formatted name\n",
264 			       secname);
265 			ret = -EINVAL;
266 			break;
267 		}
268 
269 		if (strcmp(objname, sec_objname))
270 			continue;
271 
272 		ret = klp_resolve_symbols(sec, pmod);
273 		if (ret)
274 			break;
275 
276 		ret = apply_relocate_add(pmod->klp_info->sechdrs,
277 					 pmod->core_kallsyms.strtab,
278 					 pmod->klp_info->symndx, i, pmod);
279 		if (ret)
280 			break;
281 	}
282 
283 	return ret;
284 }
285 
286 static int __klp_disable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
287 {
288 	if (klp_transition_patch)
289 		return -EBUSY;
290 
291 	/* enforce stacking: only the last enabled patch can be disabled */
292 	if (!list_is_last(&patch->list, &klp_patches) &&
293 	    list_next_entry(patch, list)->enabled)
294 		return -EBUSY;
295 
296 	klp_init_transition(patch, KLP_UNPATCHED);
297 
298 	/*
299 	 * Enforce the order of the func->transition writes in
300 	 * klp_init_transition() and the TIF_PATCH_PENDING writes in
301 	 * klp_start_transition().  In the rare case where klp_ftrace_handler()
302 	 * is called shortly after klp_update_patch_state() switches the task,
303 	 * this ensures the handler sees that func->transition is set.
304 	 */
305 	smp_wmb();
306 
307 	klp_start_transition();
308 	klp_try_complete_transition();
309 	patch->enabled = false;
310 
311 	return 0;
312 }
313 
314 /**
315  * klp_disable_patch() - disables a registered patch
316  * @patch:	The registered, enabled patch to be disabled
317  *
318  * Unregisters the patched functions from ftrace.
319  *
320  * Return: 0 on success, otherwise error
321  */
322 int klp_disable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
323 {
324 	int ret;
325 
326 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
327 
328 	if (!klp_is_patch_registered(patch)) {
329 		ret = -EINVAL;
330 		goto err;
331 	}
332 
333 	if (!patch->enabled) {
334 		ret = -EINVAL;
335 		goto err;
336 	}
337 
338 	ret = __klp_disable_patch(patch);
339 
340 err:
341 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
342 	return ret;
343 }
344 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_disable_patch);
345 
346 static int __klp_enable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
347 {
348 	struct klp_object *obj;
349 	int ret;
350 
351 	if (klp_transition_patch)
352 		return -EBUSY;
353 
354 	if (WARN_ON(patch->enabled))
355 		return -EINVAL;
356 
357 	/* enforce stacking: only the first disabled patch can be enabled */
358 	if (patch->list.prev != &klp_patches &&
359 	    !list_prev_entry(patch, list)->enabled)
360 		return -EBUSY;
361 
362 	/*
363 	 * A reference is taken on the patch module to prevent it from being
364 	 * unloaded.
365 	 *
366 	 * Note: For immediate (no consistency model) patches we don't allow
367 	 * patch modules to unload since there is no safe/sane method to
368 	 * determine if a thread is still running in the patched code contained
369 	 * in the patch module once the ftrace registration is successful.
370 	 */
371 	if (!try_module_get(patch->mod))
372 		return -ENODEV;
373 
374 	pr_notice("enabling patch '%s'\n", patch->mod->name);
375 
376 	klp_init_transition(patch, KLP_PATCHED);
377 
378 	/*
379 	 * Enforce the order of the func->transition writes in
380 	 * klp_init_transition() and the ops->func_stack writes in
381 	 * klp_patch_object(), so that klp_ftrace_handler() will see the
382 	 * func->transition updates before the handler is registered and the
383 	 * new funcs become visible to the handler.
384 	 */
385 	smp_wmb();
386 
387 	klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
388 		if (!klp_is_object_loaded(obj))
389 			continue;
390 
391 		ret = klp_patch_object(obj);
392 		if (ret) {
393 			pr_warn("failed to enable patch '%s'\n",
394 				patch->mod->name);
395 
396 			klp_cancel_transition();
397 			return ret;
398 		}
399 	}
400 
401 	klp_start_transition();
402 	klp_try_complete_transition();
403 	patch->enabled = true;
404 
405 	return 0;
406 }
407 
408 /**
409  * klp_enable_patch() - enables a registered patch
410  * @patch:	The registered, disabled patch to be enabled
411  *
412  * Performs the needed symbol lookups and code relocations,
413  * then registers the patched functions with ftrace.
414  *
415  * Return: 0 on success, otherwise error
416  */
417 int klp_enable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
418 {
419 	int ret;
420 
421 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
422 
423 	if (!klp_is_patch_registered(patch)) {
424 		ret = -EINVAL;
425 		goto err;
426 	}
427 
428 	ret = __klp_enable_patch(patch);
429 
430 err:
431 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
432 	return ret;
433 }
434 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_enable_patch);
435 
436 /*
437  * Sysfs Interface
438  *
439  * /sys/kernel/livepatch
440  * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>
441  * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/enabled
442  * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/transition
443  * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/<object>
444  * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/<object>/<function,sympos>
445  */
446 
447 static ssize_t enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
448 			     const char *buf, size_t count)
449 {
450 	struct klp_patch *patch;
451 	int ret;
452 	bool enabled;
453 
454 	ret = kstrtobool(buf, &enabled);
455 	if (ret)
456 		return ret;
457 
458 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
459 
460 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
461 
462 	if (!klp_is_patch_registered(patch)) {
463 		/*
464 		 * Module with the patch could either disappear meanwhile or is
465 		 * not properly initialized yet.
466 		 */
467 		ret = -EINVAL;
468 		goto err;
469 	}
470 
471 	if (patch->enabled == enabled) {
472 		/* already in requested state */
473 		ret = -EINVAL;
474 		goto err;
475 	}
476 
477 	if (patch == klp_transition_patch) {
478 		klp_reverse_transition();
479 	} else if (enabled) {
480 		ret = __klp_enable_patch(patch);
481 		if (ret)
482 			goto err;
483 	} else {
484 		ret = __klp_disable_patch(patch);
485 		if (ret)
486 			goto err;
487 	}
488 
489 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
490 
491 	return count;
492 
493 err:
494 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
495 	return ret;
496 }
497 
498 static ssize_t enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
499 			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
500 {
501 	struct klp_patch *patch;
502 
503 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
504 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE-1, "%d\n", patch->enabled);
505 }
506 
507 static ssize_t transition_show(struct kobject *kobj,
508 			       struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
509 {
510 	struct klp_patch *patch;
511 
512 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
513 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE-1, "%d\n",
514 			patch == klp_transition_patch);
515 }
516 
517 static struct kobj_attribute enabled_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RW(enabled);
518 static struct kobj_attribute transition_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RO(transition);
519 static struct attribute *klp_patch_attrs[] = {
520 	&enabled_kobj_attr.attr,
521 	&transition_kobj_attr.attr,
522 	NULL
523 };
524 
525 static void klp_kobj_release_patch(struct kobject *kobj)
526 {
527 	struct klp_patch *patch;
528 
529 	patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
530 	complete(&patch->finish);
531 }
532 
533 static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_patch = {
534 	.release = klp_kobj_release_patch,
535 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
536 	.default_attrs = klp_patch_attrs,
537 };
538 
539 static void klp_kobj_release_object(struct kobject *kobj)
540 {
541 }
542 
543 static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_object = {
544 	.release = klp_kobj_release_object,
545 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
546 };
547 
548 static void klp_kobj_release_func(struct kobject *kobj)
549 {
550 }
551 
552 static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_func = {
553 	.release = klp_kobj_release_func,
554 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
555 };
556 
557 /*
558  * Free all functions' kobjects in the array up to some limit. When limit is
559  * NULL, all kobjects are freed.
560  */
561 static void klp_free_funcs_limited(struct klp_object *obj,
562 				   struct klp_func *limit)
563 {
564 	struct klp_func *func;
565 
566 	for (func = obj->funcs; func->old_name && func != limit; func++)
567 		kobject_put(&func->kobj);
568 }
569 
570 /* Clean up when a patched object is unloaded */
571 static void klp_free_object_loaded(struct klp_object *obj)
572 {
573 	struct klp_func *func;
574 
575 	obj->mod = NULL;
576 
577 	klp_for_each_func(obj, func)
578 		func->old_addr = 0;
579 }
580 
581 /*
582  * Free all objects' kobjects in the array up to some limit. When limit is
583  * NULL, all kobjects are freed.
584  */
585 static void klp_free_objects_limited(struct klp_patch *patch,
586 				     struct klp_object *limit)
587 {
588 	struct klp_object *obj;
589 
590 	for (obj = patch->objs; obj->funcs && obj != limit; obj++) {
591 		klp_free_funcs_limited(obj, NULL);
592 		kobject_put(&obj->kobj);
593 	}
594 }
595 
596 static void klp_free_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
597 {
598 	klp_free_objects_limited(patch, NULL);
599 	if (!list_empty(&patch->list))
600 		list_del(&patch->list);
601 }
602 
603 static int klp_init_func(struct klp_object *obj, struct klp_func *func)
604 {
605 	if (!func->old_name || !func->new_func)
606 		return -EINVAL;
607 
608 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&func->stack_node);
609 	func->patched = false;
610 	func->transition = false;
611 
612 	/* The format for the sysfs directory is <function,sympos> where sympos
613 	 * is the nth occurrence of this symbol in kallsyms for the patched
614 	 * object. If the user selects 0 for old_sympos, then 1 will be used
615 	 * since a unique symbol will be the first occurrence.
616 	 */
617 	return kobject_init_and_add(&func->kobj, &klp_ktype_func,
618 				    &obj->kobj, "%s,%lu", func->old_name,
619 				    func->old_sympos ? func->old_sympos : 1);
620 }
621 
622 /* Arches may override this to finish any remaining arch-specific tasks */
623 void __weak arch_klp_init_object_loaded(struct klp_patch *patch,
624 					struct klp_object *obj)
625 {
626 }
627 
628 /* parts of the initialization that is done only when the object is loaded */
629 static int klp_init_object_loaded(struct klp_patch *patch,
630 				  struct klp_object *obj)
631 {
632 	struct klp_func *func;
633 	int ret;
634 
635 	module_disable_ro(patch->mod);
636 	ret = klp_write_object_relocations(patch->mod, obj);
637 	if (ret) {
638 		module_enable_ro(patch->mod, true);
639 		return ret;
640 	}
641 
642 	arch_klp_init_object_loaded(patch, obj);
643 	module_enable_ro(patch->mod, true);
644 
645 	klp_for_each_func(obj, func) {
646 		ret = klp_find_object_symbol(obj->name, func->old_name,
647 					     func->old_sympos,
648 					     &func->old_addr);
649 		if (ret)
650 			return ret;
651 
652 		ret = kallsyms_lookup_size_offset(func->old_addr,
653 						  &func->old_size, NULL);
654 		if (!ret) {
655 			pr_err("kallsyms size lookup failed for '%s'\n",
656 			       func->old_name);
657 			return -ENOENT;
658 		}
659 
660 		ret = kallsyms_lookup_size_offset((unsigned long)func->new_func,
661 						  &func->new_size, NULL);
662 		if (!ret) {
663 			pr_err("kallsyms size lookup failed for '%s' replacement\n",
664 			       func->old_name);
665 			return -ENOENT;
666 		}
667 	}
668 
669 	return 0;
670 }
671 
672 static int klp_init_object(struct klp_patch *patch, struct klp_object *obj)
673 {
674 	struct klp_func *func;
675 	int ret;
676 	const char *name;
677 
678 	if (!obj->funcs)
679 		return -EINVAL;
680 
681 	obj->patched = false;
682 	obj->mod = NULL;
683 
684 	klp_find_object_module(obj);
685 
686 	name = klp_is_module(obj) ? obj->name : "vmlinux";
687 	ret = kobject_init_and_add(&obj->kobj, &klp_ktype_object,
688 				   &patch->kobj, "%s", name);
689 	if (ret)
690 		return ret;
691 
692 	klp_for_each_func(obj, func) {
693 		ret = klp_init_func(obj, func);
694 		if (ret)
695 			goto free;
696 	}
697 
698 	if (klp_is_object_loaded(obj)) {
699 		ret = klp_init_object_loaded(patch, obj);
700 		if (ret)
701 			goto free;
702 	}
703 
704 	return 0;
705 
706 free:
707 	klp_free_funcs_limited(obj, func);
708 	kobject_put(&obj->kobj);
709 	return ret;
710 }
711 
712 static int klp_init_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
713 {
714 	struct klp_object *obj;
715 	int ret;
716 
717 	if (!patch->objs)
718 		return -EINVAL;
719 
720 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
721 
722 	patch->enabled = false;
723 	init_completion(&patch->finish);
724 
725 	ret = kobject_init_and_add(&patch->kobj, &klp_ktype_patch,
726 				   klp_root_kobj, "%s", patch->mod->name);
727 	if (ret) {
728 		mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
729 		return ret;
730 	}
731 
732 	klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
733 		ret = klp_init_object(patch, obj);
734 		if (ret)
735 			goto free;
736 	}
737 
738 	list_add_tail(&patch->list, &klp_patches);
739 
740 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
741 
742 	return 0;
743 
744 free:
745 	klp_free_objects_limited(patch, obj);
746 
747 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
748 
749 	kobject_put(&patch->kobj);
750 	wait_for_completion(&patch->finish);
751 
752 	return ret;
753 }
754 
755 /**
756  * klp_unregister_patch() - unregisters a patch
757  * @patch:	Disabled patch to be unregistered
758  *
759  * Frees the data structures and removes the sysfs interface.
760  *
761  * Return: 0 on success, otherwise error
762  */
763 int klp_unregister_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
764 {
765 	int ret;
766 
767 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
768 
769 	if (!klp_is_patch_registered(patch)) {
770 		ret = -EINVAL;
771 		goto err;
772 	}
773 
774 	if (patch->enabled) {
775 		ret = -EBUSY;
776 		goto err;
777 	}
778 
779 	klp_free_patch(patch);
780 
781 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
782 
783 	kobject_put(&patch->kobj);
784 	wait_for_completion(&patch->finish);
785 
786 	return 0;
787 err:
788 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
789 	return ret;
790 }
791 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_unregister_patch);
792 
793 /**
794  * klp_register_patch() - registers a patch
795  * @patch:	Patch to be registered
796  *
797  * Initializes the data structure associated with the patch and
798  * creates the sysfs interface.
799  *
800  * There is no need to take the reference on the patch module here. It is done
801  * later when the patch is enabled.
802  *
803  * Return: 0 on success, otherwise error
804  */
805 int klp_register_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
806 {
807 	if (!patch || !patch->mod)
808 		return -EINVAL;
809 
810 	if (!is_livepatch_module(patch->mod)) {
811 		pr_err("module %s is not marked as a livepatch module\n",
812 		       patch->mod->name);
813 		return -EINVAL;
814 	}
815 
816 	if (!klp_initialized())
817 		return -ENODEV;
818 
819 	/*
820 	 * Architectures without reliable stack traces have to set
821 	 * patch->immediate because there's currently no way to patch kthreads
822 	 * with the consistency model.
823 	 */
824 	if (!klp_have_reliable_stack() && !patch->immediate) {
825 		pr_err("This architecture doesn't have support for the livepatch consistency model.\n");
826 		return -ENOSYS;
827 	}
828 
829 	return klp_init_patch(patch);
830 }
831 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_register_patch);
832 
833 int klp_module_coming(struct module *mod)
834 {
835 	int ret;
836 	struct klp_patch *patch;
837 	struct klp_object *obj;
838 
839 	if (WARN_ON(mod->state != MODULE_STATE_COMING))
840 		return -EINVAL;
841 
842 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
843 	/*
844 	 * Each module has to know that klp_module_coming()
845 	 * has been called. We never know what module will
846 	 * get patched by a new patch.
847 	 */
848 	mod->klp_alive = true;
849 
850 	list_for_each_entry(patch, &klp_patches, list) {
851 		klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
852 			if (!klp_is_module(obj) || strcmp(obj->name, mod->name))
853 				continue;
854 
855 			obj->mod = mod;
856 
857 			ret = klp_init_object_loaded(patch, obj);
858 			if (ret) {
859 				pr_warn("failed to initialize patch '%s' for module '%s' (%d)\n",
860 					patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name, ret);
861 				goto err;
862 			}
863 
864 			/*
865 			 * Only patch the module if the patch is enabled or is
866 			 * in transition.
867 			 */
868 			if (!patch->enabled && patch != klp_transition_patch)
869 				break;
870 
871 			pr_notice("applying patch '%s' to loading module '%s'\n",
872 				  patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name);
873 
874 			ret = klp_patch_object(obj);
875 			if (ret) {
876 				pr_warn("failed to apply patch '%s' to module '%s' (%d)\n",
877 					patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name, ret);
878 				goto err;
879 			}
880 
881 			break;
882 		}
883 	}
884 
885 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
886 
887 	return 0;
888 
889 err:
890 	/*
891 	 * If a patch is unsuccessfully applied, return
892 	 * error to the module loader.
893 	 */
894 	pr_warn("patch '%s' failed for module '%s', refusing to load module '%s'\n",
895 		patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name, obj->mod->name);
896 	mod->klp_alive = false;
897 	klp_free_object_loaded(obj);
898 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
899 
900 	return ret;
901 }
902 
903 void klp_module_going(struct module *mod)
904 {
905 	struct klp_patch *patch;
906 	struct klp_object *obj;
907 
908 	if (WARN_ON(mod->state != MODULE_STATE_GOING &&
909 		    mod->state != MODULE_STATE_COMING))
910 		return;
911 
912 	mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
913 	/*
914 	 * Each module has to know that klp_module_going()
915 	 * has been called. We never know what module will
916 	 * get patched by a new patch.
917 	 */
918 	mod->klp_alive = false;
919 
920 	list_for_each_entry(patch, &klp_patches, list) {
921 		klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
922 			if (!klp_is_module(obj) || strcmp(obj->name, mod->name))
923 				continue;
924 
925 			/*
926 			 * Only unpatch the module if the patch is enabled or
927 			 * is in transition.
928 			 */
929 			if (patch->enabled || patch == klp_transition_patch) {
930 				pr_notice("reverting patch '%s' on unloading module '%s'\n",
931 					  patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name);
932 				klp_unpatch_object(obj);
933 			}
934 
935 			klp_free_object_loaded(obj);
936 			break;
937 		}
938 	}
939 
940 	mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
941 }
942 
943 static int __init klp_init(void)
944 {
945 	int ret;
946 
947 	ret = klp_check_compiler_support();
948 	if (ret) {
949 		pr_info("Your compiler is too old; turning off.\n");
950 		return -EINVAL;
951 	}
952 
953 	klp_root_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("livepatch", kernel_kobj);
954 	if (!klp_root_kobj)
955 		return -ENOMEM;
956 
957 	return 0;
958 }
959 
960 module_init(klp_init);
961