xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/kcov.c (revision 8c609698)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "kcov: " fmt
3 
4 #define DISABLE_BRANCH_PROFILING
5 #include <linux/atomic.h>
6 #include <linux/compiler.h>
7 #include <linux/errno.h>
8 #include <linux/export.h>
9 #include <linux/types.h>
10 #include <linux/file.h>
11 #include <linux/fs.h>
12 #include <linux/init.h>
13 #include <linux/mm.h>
14 #include <linux/preempt.h>
15 #include <linux/printk.h>
16 #include <linux/sched.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
19 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
20 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
21 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
22 #include <linux/kcov.h>
23 #include <asm/setup.h>
24 
25 /*
26  * kcov descriptor (one per opened debugfs file).
27  * State transitions of the descriptor:
28  *  - initial state after open()
29  *  - then there must be a single ioctl(KCOV_INIT_TRACE) call
30  *  - then, mmap() call (several calls are allowed but not useful)
31  *  - then, repeated enable/disable for a task (only one task a time allowed)
32  */
33 struct kcov {
34 	/*
35 	 * Reference counter. We keep one for:
36 	 *  - opened file descriptor
37 	 *  - task with enabled coverage (we can't unwire it from another task)
38 	 */
39 	atomic_t		refcount;
40 	/* The lock protects mode, size, area and t. */
41 	spinlock_t		lock;
42 	enum kcov_mode		mode;
43 	/* Size of arena (in long's for KCOV_MODE_TRACE). */
44 	unsigned		size;
45 	/* Coverage buffer shared with user space. */
46 	void			*area;
47 	/* Task for which we collect coverage, or NULL. */
48 	struct task_struct	*t;
49 };
50 
51 /*
52  * Entry point from instrumented code.
53  * This is called once per basic-block/edge.
54  */
55 void notrace __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc(void)
56 {
57 	struct task_struct *t;
58 	enum kcov_mode mode;
59 
60 	t = current;
61 	/*
62 	 * We are interested in code coverage as a function of a syscall inputs,
63 	 * so we ignore code executed in interrupts.
64 	 */
65 	if (!t || !in_task())
66 		return;
67 	mode = READ_ONCE(t->kcov_mode);
68 	if (mode == KCOV_MODE_TRACE) {
69 		unsigned long *area;
70 		unsigned long pos;
71 		unsigned long ip = _RET_IP_;
72 
73 #ifdef CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE
74 		ip -= kaslr_offset();
75 #endif
76 
77 		/*
78 		 * There is some code that runs in interrupts but for which
79 		 * in_interrupt() returns false (e.g. preempt_schedule_irq()).
80 		 * READ_ONCE()/barrier() effectively provides load-acquire wrt
81 		 * interrupts, there are paired barrier()/WRITE_ONCE() in
82 		 * kcov_ioctl_locked().
83 		 */
84 		barrier();
85 		area = t->kcov_area;
86 		/* The first word is number of subsequent PCs. */
87 		pos = READ_ONCE(area[0]) + 1;
88 		if (likely(pos < t->kcov_size)) {
89 			area[pos] = ip;
90 			WRITE_ONCE(area[0], pos);
91 		}
92 	}
93 }
94 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc);
95 
96 static void kcov_get(struct kcov *kcov)
97 {
98 	atomic_inc(&kcov->refcount);
99 }
100 
101 static void kcov_put(struct kcov *kcov)
102 {
103 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&kcov->refcount)) {
104 		vfree(kcov->area);
105 		kfree(kcov);
106 	}
107 }
108 
109 void kcov_task_init(struct task_struct *t)
110 {
111 	t->kcov_mode = KCOV_MODE_DISABLED;
112 	t->kcov_size = 0;
113 	t->kcov_area = NULL;
114 	t->kcov = NULL;
115 }
116 
117 void kcov_task_exit(struct task_struct *t)
118 {
119 	struct kcov *kcov;
120 
121 	kcov = t->kcov;
122 	if (kcov == NULL)
123 		return;
124 	spin_lock(&kcov->lock);
125 	if (WARN_ON(kcov->t != t)) {
126 		spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
127 		return;
128 	}
129 	/* Just to not leave dangling references behind. */
130 	kcov_task_init(t);
131 	kcov->t = NULL;
132 	spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
133 	kcov_put(kcov);
134 }
135 
136 static int kcov_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
137 {
138 	int res = 0;
139 	void *area;
140 	struct kcov *kcov = vma->vm_file->private_data;
141 	unsigned long size, off;
142 	struct page *page;
143 
144 	area = vmalloc_user(vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start);
145 	if (!area)
146 		return -ENOMEM;
147 
148 	spin_lock(&kcov->lock);
149 	size = kcov->size * sizeof(unsigned long);
150 	if (kcov->mode == KCOV_MODE_DISABLED || vma->vm_pgoff != 0 ||
151 	    vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start != size) {
152 		res = -EINVAL;
153 		goto exit;
154 	}
155 	if (!kcov->area) {
156 		kcov->area = area;
157 		vma->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND;
158 		spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
159 		for (off = 0; off < size; off += PAGE_SIZE) {
160 			page = vmalloc_to_page(kcov->area + off);
161 			if (vm_insert_page(vma, vma->vm_start + off, page))
162 				WARN_ONCE(1, "vm_insert_page() failed");
163 		}
164 		return 0;
165 	}
166 exit:
167 	spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
168 	vfree(area);
169 	return res;
170 }
171 
172 static int kcov_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
173 {
174 	struct kcov *kcov;
175 
176 	kcov = kzalloc(sizeof(*kcov), GFP_KERNEL);
177 	if (!kcov)
178 		return -ENOMEM;
179 	atomic_set(&kcov->refcount, 1);
180 	spin_lock_init(&kcov->lock);
181 	filep->private_data = kcov;
182 	return nonseekable_open(inode, filep);
183 }
184 
185 static int kcov_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
186 {
187 	kcov_put(filep->private_data);
188 	return 0;
189 }
190 
191 static int kcov_ioctl_locked(struct kcov *kcov, unsigned int cmd,
192 			     unsigned long arg)
193 {
194 	struct task_struct *t;
195 	unsigned long size, unused;
196 
197 	switch (cmd) {
198 	case KCOV_INIT_TRACE:
199 		/*
200 		 * Enable kcov in trace mode and setup buffer size.
201 		 * Must happen before anything else.
202 		 */
203 		if (kcov->mode != KCOV_MODE_DISABLED)
204 			return -EBUSY;
205 		/*
206 		 * Size must be at least 2 to hold current position and one PC.
207 		 * Later we allocate size * sizeof(unsigned long) memory,
208 		 * that must not overflow.
209 		 */
210 		size = arg;
211 		if (size < 2 || size > INT_MAX / sizeof(unsigned long))
212 			return -EINVAL;
213 		kcov->size = size;
214 		kcov->mode = KCOV_MODE_TRACE;
215 		return 0;
216 	case KCOV_ENABLE:
217 		/*
218 		 * Enable coverage for the current task.
219 		 * At this point user must have been enabled trace mode,
220 		 * and mmapped the file. Coverage collection is disabled only
221 		 * at task exit or voluntary by KCOV_DISABLE. After that it can
222 		 * be enabled for another task.
223 		 */
224 		unused = arg;
225 		if (unused != 0 || kcov->mode == KCOV_MODE_DISABLED ||
226 		    kcov->area == NULL)
227 			return -EINVAL;
228 		if (kcov->t != NULL)
229 			return -EBUSY;
230 		t = current;
231 		/* Cache in task struct for performance. */
232 		t->kcov_size = kcov->size;
233 		t->kcov_area = kcov->area;
234 		/* See comment in __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc(). */
235 		barrier();
236 		WRITE_ONCE(t->kcov_mode, kcov->mode);
237 		t->kcov = kcov;
238 		kcov->t = t;
239 		/* This is put either in kcov_task_exit() or in KCOV_DISABLE. */
240 		kcov_get(kcov);
241 		return 0;
242 	case KCOV_DISABLE:
243 		/* Disable coverage for the current task. */
244 		unused = arg;
245 		if (unused != 0 || current->kcov != kcov)
246 			return -EINVAL;
247 		t = current;
248 		if (WARN_ON(kcov->t != t))
249 			return -EINVAL;
250 		kcov_task_init(t);
251 		kcov->t = NULL;
252 		kcov_put(kcov);
253 		return 0;
254 	default:
255 		return -ENOTTY;
256 	}
257 }
258 
259 static long kcov_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
260 {
261 	struct kcov *kcov;
262 	int res;
263 
264 	kcov = filep->private_data;
265 	spin_lock(&kcov->lock);
266 	res = kcov_ioctl_locked(kcov, cmd, arg);
267 	spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
268 	return res;
269 }
270 
271 static const struct file_operations kcov_fops = {
272 	.open		= kcov_open,
273 	.unlocked_ioctl	= kcov_ioctl,
274 	.compat_ioctl	= kcov_ioctl,
275 	.mmap		= kcov_mmap,
276 	.release        = kcov_close,
277 };
278 
279 static int __init kcov_init(void)
280 {
281 	/*
282 	 * The kcov debugfs file won't ever get removed and thus,
283 	 * there is no need to protect it against removal races. The
284 	 * use of debugfs_create_file_unsafe() is actually safe here.
285 	 */
286 	if (!debugfs_create_file_unsafe("kcov", 0600, NULL, NULL, &kcov_fops)) {
287 		pr_err("failed to create kcov in debugfs\n");
288 		return -ENOMEM;
289 	}
290 	return 0;
291 }
292 
293 device_initcall(kcov_init);
294