xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/kcov.c (revision 110e6f26)
1 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "kcov: " fmt
2 
3 #include <linux/compiler.h>
4 #include <linux/types.h>
5 #include <linux/file.h>
6 #include <linux/fs.h>
7 #include <linux/mm.h>
8 #include <linux/printk.h>
9 #include <linux/slab.h>
10 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
11 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
12 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
13 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
14 #include <linux/kcov.h>
15 
16 /*
17  * kcov descriptor (one per opened debugfs file).
18  * State transitions of the descriptor:
19  *  - initial state after open()
20  *  - then there must be a single ioctl(KCOV_INIT_TRACE) call
21  *  - then, mmap() call (several calls are allowed but not useful)
22  *  - then, repeated enable/disable for a task (only one task a time allowed)
23  */
24 struct kcov {
25 	/*
26 	 * Reference counter. We keep one for:
27 	 *  - opened file descriptor
28 	 *  - task with enabled coverage (we can't unwire it from another task)
29 	 */
30 	atomic_t		refcount;
31 	/* The lock protects mode, size, area and t. */
32 	spinlock_t		lock;
33 	enum kcov_mode		mode;
34 	/* Size of arena (in long's for KCOV_MODE_TRACE). */
35 	unsigned		size;
36 	/* Coverage buffer shared with user space. */
37 	void			*area;
38 	/* Task for which we collect coverage, or NULL. */
39 	struct task_struct	*t;
40 };
41 
42 /*
43  * Entry point from instrumented code.
44  * This is called once per basic-block/edge.
45  */
46 void __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc(void)
47 {
48 	struct task_struct *t;
49 	enum kcov_mode mode;
50 
51 	t = current;
52 	/*
53 	 * We are interested in code coverage as a function of a syscall inputs,
54 	 * so we ignore code executed in interrupts.
55 	 */
56 	if (!t || in_interrupt())
57 		return;
58 	mode = READ_ONCE(t->kcov_mode);
59 	if (mode == KCOV_MODE_TRACE) {
60 		unsigned long *area;
61 		unsigned long pos;
62 
63 		/*
64 		 * There is some code that runs in interrupts but for which
65 		 * in_interrupt() returns false (e.g. preempt_schedule_irq()).
66 		 * READ_ONCE()/barrier() effectively provides load-acquire wrt
67 		 * interrupts, there are paired barrier()/WRITE_ONCE() in
68 		 * kcov_ioctl_locked().
69 		 */
70 		barrier();
71 		area = t->kcov_area;
72 		/* The first word is number of subsequent PCs. */
73 		pos = READ_ONCE(area[0]) + 1;
74 		if (likely(pos < t->kcov_size)) {
75 			area[pos] = _RET_IP_;
76 			WRITE_ONCE(area[0], pos);
77 		}
78 	}
79 }
80 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc);
81 
82 static void kcov_get(struct kcov *kcov)
83 {
84 	atomic_inc(&kcov->refcount);
85 }
86 
87 static void kcov_put(struct kcov *kcov)
88 {
89 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&kcov->refcount)) {
90 		vfree(kcov->area);
91 		kfree(kcov);
92 	}
93 }
94 
95 void kcov_task_init(struct task_struct *t)
96 {
97 	t->kcov_mode = KCOV_MODE_DISABLED;
98 	t->kcov_size = 0;
99 	t->kcov_area = NULL;
100 	t->kcov = NULL;
101 }
102 
103 void kcov_task_exit(struct task_struct *t)
104 {
105 	struct kcov *kcov;
106 
107 	kcov = t->kcov;
108 	if (kcov == NULL)
109 		return;
110 	spin_lock(&kcov->lock);
111 	if (WARN_ON(kcov->t != t)) {
112 		spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
113 		return;
114 	}
115 	/* Just to not leave dangling references behind. */
116 	kcov_task_init(t);
117 	kcov->t = NULL;
118 	spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
119 	kcov_put(kcov);
120 }
121 
122 static int kcov_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
123 {
124 	int res = 0;
125 	void *area;
126 	struct kcov *kcov = vma->vm_file->private_data;
127 	unsigned long size, off;
128 	struct page *page;
129 
130 	area = vmalloc_user(vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start);
131 	if (!area)
132 		return -ENOMEM;
133 
134 	spin_lock(&kcov->lock);
135 	size = kcov->size * sizeof(unsigned long);
136 	if (kcov->mode == KCOV_MODE_DISABLED || vma->vm_pgoff != 0 ||
137 	    vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start != size) {
138 		res = -EINVAL;
139 		goto exit;
140 	}
141 	if (!kcov->area) {
142 		kcov->area = area;
143 		vma->vm_flags |= VM_DONTEXPAND;
144 		spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
145 		for (off = 0; off < size; off += PAGE_SIZE) {
146 			page = vmalloc_to_page(kcov->area + off);
147 			if (vm_insert_page(vma, vma->vm_start + off, page))
148 				WARN_ONCE(1, "vm_insert_page() failed");
149 		}
150 		return 0;
151 	}
152 exit:
153 	spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
154 	vfree(area);
155 	return res;
156 }
157 
158 static int kcov_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
159 {
160 	struct kcov *kcov;
161 
162 	kcov = kzalloc(sizeof(*kcov), GFP_KERNEL);
163 	if (!kcov)
164 		return -ENOMEM;
165 	atomic_set(&kcov->refcount, 1);
166 	spin_lock_init(&kcov->lock);
167 	filep->private_data = kcov;
168 	return nonseekable_open(inode, filep);
169 }
170 
171 static int kcov_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
172 {
173 	kcov_put(filep->private_data);
174 	return 0;
175 }
176 
177 static int kcov_ioctl_locked(struct kcov *kcov, unsigned int cmd,
178 			     unsigned long arg)
179 {
180 	struct task_struct *t;
181 	unsigned long size, unused;
182 
183 	switch (cmd) {
184 	case KCOV_INIT_TRACE:
185 		/*
186 		 * Enable kcov in trace mode and setup buffer size.
187 		 * Must happen before anything else.
188 		 */
189 		if (kcov->mode != KCOV_MODE_DISABLED)
190 			return -EBUSY;
191 		/*
192 		 * Size must be at least 2 to hold current position and one PC.
193 		 * Later we allocate size * sizeof(unsigned long) memory,
194 		 * that must not overflow.
195 		 */
196 		size = arg;
197 		if (size < 2 || size > INT_MAX / sizeof(unsigned long))
198 			return -EINVAL;
199 		kcov->size = size;
200 		kcov->mode = KCOV_MODE_TRACE;
201 		return 0;
202 	case KCOV_ENABLE:
203 		/*
204 		 * Enable coverage for the current task.
205 		 * At this point user must have been enabled trace mode,
206 		 * and mmapped the file. Coverage collection is disabled only
207 		 * at task exit or voluntary by KCOV_DISABLE. After that it can
208 		 * be enabled for another task.
209 		 */
210 		unused = arg;
211 		if (unused != 0 || kcov->mode == KCOV_MODE_DISABLED ||
212 		    kcov->area == NULL)
213 			return -EINVAL;
214 		if (kcov->t != NULL)
215 			return -EBUSY;
216 		t = current;
217 		/* Cache in task struct for performance. */
218 		t->kcov_size = kcov->size;
219 		t->kcov_area = kcov->area;
220 		/* See comment in __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc(). */
221 		barrier();
222 		WRITE_ONCE(t->kcov_mode, kcov->mode);
223 		t->kcov = kcov;
224 		kcov->t = t;
225 		/* This is put either in kcov_task_exit() or in KCOV_DISABLE. */
226 		kcov_get(kcov);
227 		return 0;
228 	case KCOV_DISABLE:
229 		/* Disable coverage for the current task. */
230 		unused = arg;
231 		if (unused != 0 || current->kcov != kcov)
232 			return -EINVAL;
233 		t = current;
234 		if (WARN_ON(kcov->t != t))
235 			return -EINVAL;
236 		kcov_task_init(t);
237 		kcov->t = NULL;
238 		kcov_put(kcov);
239 		return 0;
240 	default:
241 		return -ENOTTY;
242 	}
243 }
244 
245 static long kcov_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
246 {
247 	struct kcov *kcov;
248 	int res;
249 
250 	kcov = filep->private_data;
251 	spin_lock(&kcov->lock);
252 	res = kcov_ioctl_locked(kcov, cmd, arg);
253 	spin_unlock(&kcov->lock);
254 	return res;
255 }
256 
257 static const struct file_operations kcov_fops = {
258 	.open		= kcov_open,
259 	.unlocked_ioctl	= kcov_ioctl,
260 	.mmap		= kcov_mmap,
261 	.release        = kcov_close,
262 };
263 
264 static int __init kcov_init(void)
265 {
266 	if (!debugfs_create_file("kcov", 0600, NULL, NULL, &kcov_fops)) {
267 		pr_err("failed to create kcov in debugfs\n");
268 		return -ENOMEM;
269 	}
270 	return 0;
271 }
272 
273 device_initcall(kcov_init);
274