xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/jump_label.c (revision 8c749ce9)
1 /*
2  * jump label support
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
5  * Copyright (C) 2011 Peter Zijlstra
6  *
7  */
8 #include <linux/memory.h>
9 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
10 #include <linux/module.h>
11 #include <linux/list.h>
12 #include <linux/slab.h>
13 #include <linux/sort.h>
14 #include <linux/err.h>
15 #include <linux/static_key.h>
16 #include <linux/jump_label_ratelimit.h>
17 
18 #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
19 
20 /* mutex to protect coming/going of the the jump_label table */
21 static DEFINE_MUTEX(jump_label_mutex);
22 
23 void jump_label_lock(void)
24 {
25 	mutex_lock(&jump_label_mutex);
26 }
27 
28 void jump_label_unlock(void)
29 {
30 	mutex_unlock(&jump_label_mutex);
31 }
32 
33 static int jump_label_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
34 {
35 	const struct jump_entry *jea = a;
36 	const struct jump_entry *jeb = b;
37 
38 	if (jea->key < jeb->key)
39 		return -1;
40 
41 	if (jea->key > jeb->key)
42 		return 1;
43 
44 	return 0;
45 }
46 
47 static void
48 jump_label_sort_entries(struct jump_entry *start, struct jump_entry *stop)
49 {
50 	unsigned long size;
51 
52 	size = (((unsigned long)stop - (unsigned long)start)
53 					/ sizeof(struct jump_entry));
54 	sort(start, size, sizeof(struct jump_entry), jump_label_cmp, NULL);
55 }
56 
57 static void jump_label_update(struct static_key *key);
58 
59 void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key)
60 {
61 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
62 	if (atomic_inc_not_zero(&key->enabled))
63 		return;
64 
65 	jump_label_lock();
66 	if (atomic_inc_return(&key->enabled) == 1)
67 		jump_label_update(key);
68 	jump_label_unlock();
69 }
70 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_slow_inc);
71 
72 static void __static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key,
73 		unsigned long rate_limit, struct delayed_work *work)
74 {
75 	if (!atomic_dec_and_mutex_lock(&key->enabled, &jump_label_mutex)) {
76 		WARN(atomic_read(&key->enabled) < 0,
77 		     "jump label: negative count!\n");
78 		return;
79 	}
80 
81 	if (rate_limit) {
82 		atomic_inc(&key->enabled);
83 		schedule_delayed_work(work, rate_limit);
84 	} else {
85 		jump_label_update(key);
86 	}
87 	jump_label_unlock();
88 }
89 
90 static void jump_label_update_timeout(struct work_struct *work)
91 {
92 	struct static_key_deferred *key =
93 		container_of(work, struct static_key_deferred, work.work);
94 	__static_key_slow_dec(&key->key, 0, NULL);
95 }
96 
97 void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key)
98 {
99 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
100 	__static_key_slow_dec(key, 0, NULL);
101 }
102 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_slow_dec);
103 
104 void static_key_slow_dec_deferred(struct static_key_deferred *key)
105 {
106 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
107 	__static_key_slow_dec(&key->key, key->timeout, &key->work);
108 }
109 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_slow_dec_deferred);
110 
111 void jump_label_rate_limit(struct static_key_deferred *key,
112 		unsigned long rl)
113 {
114 	STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
115 	key->timeout = rl;
116 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&key->work, jump_label_update_timeout);
117 }
118 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(jump_label_rate_limit);
119 
120 static int addr_conflict(struct jump_entry *entry, void *start, void *end)
121 {
122 	if (entry->code <= (unsigned long)end &&
123 		entry->code + JUMP_LABEL_NOP_SIZE > (unsigned long)start)
124 		return 1;
125 
126 	return 0;
127 }
128 
129 static int __jump_label_text_reserved(struct jump_entry *iter_start,
130 		struct jump_entry *iter_stop, void *start, void *end)
131 {
132 	struct jump_entry *iter;
133 
134 	iter = iter_start;
135 	while (iter < iter_stop) {
136 		if (addr_conflict(iter, start, end))
137 			return 1;
138 		iter++;
139 	}
140 
141 	return 0;
142 }
143 
144 /*
145  * Update code which is definitely not currently executing.
146  * Architectures which need heavyweight synchronization to modify
147  * running code can override this to make the non-live update case
148  * cheaper.
149  */
150 void __weak __init_or_module arch_jump_label_transform_static(struct jump_entry *entry,
151 					    enum jump_label_type type)
152 {
153 	arch_jump_label_transform(entry, type);
154 }
155 
156 static inline struct jump_entry *static_key_entries(struct static_key *key)
157 {
158 	return (struct jump_entry *)((unsigned long)key->entries & ~JUMP_TYPE_MASK);
159 }
160 
161 static inline bool static_key_type(struct static_key *key)
162 {
163 	return (unsigned long)key->entries & JUMP_TYPE_MASK;
164 }
165 
166 static inline struct static_key *jump_entry_key(struct jump_entry *entry)
167 {
168 	return (struct static_key *)((unsigned long)entry->key & ~1UL);
169 }
170 
171 static bool jump_entry_branch(struct jump_entry *entry)
172 {
173 	return (unsigned long)entry->key & 1UL;
174 }
175 
176 static enum jump_label_type jump_label_type(struct jump_entry *entry)
177 {
178 	struct static_key *key = jump_entry_key(entry);
179 	bool enabled = static_key_enabled(key);
180 	bool branch = jump_entry_branch(entry);
181 
182 	/* See the comment in linux/jump_label.h */
183 	return enabled ^ branch;
184 }
185 
186 static void __jump_label_update(struct static_key *key,
187 				struct jump_entry *entry,
188 				struct jump_entry *stop)
189 {
190 	for (; (entry < stop) && (jump_entry_key(entry) == key); entry++) {
191 		/*
192 		 * entry->code set to 0 invalidates module init text sections
193 		 * kernel_text_address() verifies we are not in core kernel
194 		 * init code, see jump_label_invalidate_module_init().
195 		 */
196 		if (entry->code && kernel_text_address(entry->code))
197 			arch_jump_label_transform(entry, jump_label_type(entry));
198 	}
199 }
200 
201 void __init jump_label_init(void)
202 {
203 	struct jump_entry *iter_start = __start___jump_table;
204 	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = __stop___jump_table;
205 	struct static_key *key = NULL;
206 	struct jump_entry *iter;
207 
208 	jump_label_lock();
209 	jump_label_sort_entries(iter_start, iter_stop);
210 
211 	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
212 		struct static_key *iterk;
213 
214 		/* rewrite NOPs */
215 		if (jump_label_type(iter) == JUMP_LABEL_NOP)
216 			arch_jump_label_transform_static(iter, JUMP_LABEL_NOP);
217 
218 		iterk = jump_entry_key(iter);
219 		if (iterk == key)
220 			continue;
221 
222 		key = iterk;
223 		/*
224 		 * Set key->entries to iter, but preserve JUMP_LABEL_TRUE_BRANCH.
225 		 */
226 		*((unsigned long *)&key->entries) += (unsigned long)iter;
227 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
228 		key->next = NULL;
229 #endif
230 	}
231 	static_key_initialized = true;
232 	jump_label_unlock();
233 }
234 
235 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
236 
237 static enum jump_label_type jump_label_init_type(struct jump_entry *entry)
238 {
239 	struct static_key *key = jump_entry_key(entry);
240 	bool type = static_key_type(key);
241 	bool branch = jump_entry_branch(entry);
242 
243 	/* See the comment in linux/jump_label.h */
244 	return type ^ branch;
245 }
246 
247 struct static_key_mod {
248 	struct static_key_mod *next;
249 	struct jump_entry *entries;
250 	struct module *mod;
251 };
252 
253 static int __jump_label_mod_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
254 {
255 	struct module *mod;
256 
257 	mod = __module_text_address((unsigned long)start);
258 	if (!mod)
259 		return 0;
260 
261 	WARN_ON_ONCE(__module_text_address((unsigned long)end) != mod);
262 
263 	return __jump_label_text_reserved(mod->jump_entries,
264 				mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries,
265 				start, end);
266 }
267 
268 static void __jump_label_mod_update(struct static_key *key)
269 {
270 	struct static_key_mod *mod;
271 
272 	for (mod = key->next; mod; mod = mod->next) {
273 		struct module *m = mod->mod;
274 
275 		__jump_label_update(key, mod->entries,
276 				    m->jump_entries + m->num_jump_entries);
277 	}
278 }
279 
280 /***
281  * apply_jump_label_nops - patch module jump labels with arch_get_jump_label_nop()
282  * @mod: module to patch
283  *
284  * Allow for run-time selection of the optimal nops. Before the module
285  * loads patch these with arch_get_jump_label_nop(), which is specified by
286  * the arch specific jump label code.
287  */
288 void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod)
289 {
290 	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
291 	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
292 	struct jump_entry *iter;
293 
294 	/* if the module doesn't have jump label entries, just return */
295 	if (iter_start == iter_stop)
296 		return;
297 
298 	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
299 		/* Only write NOPs for arch_branch_static(). */
300 		if (jump_label_init_type(iter) == JUMP_LABEL_NOP)
301 			arch_jump_label_transform_static(iter, JUMP_LABEL_NOP);
302 	}
303 }
304 
305 static int jump_label_add_module(struct module *mod)
306 {
307 	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
308 	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
309 	struct jump_entry *iter;
310 	struct static_key *key = NULL;
311 	struct static_key_mod *jlm;
312 
313 	/* if the module doesn't have jump label entries, just return */
314 	if (iter_start == iter_stop)
315 		return 0;
316 
317 	jump_label_sort_entries(iter_start, iter_stop);
318 
319 	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
320 		struct static_key *iterk;
321 
322 		iterk = jump_entry_key(iter);
323 		if (iterk == key)
324 			continue;
325 
326 		key = iterk;
327 		if (within_module(iter->key, mod)) {
328 			/*
329 			 * Set key->entries to iter, but preserve JUMP_LABEL_TRUE_BRANCH.
330 			 */
331 			*((unsigned long *)&key->entries) += (unsigned long)iter;
332 			key->next = NULL;
333 			continue;
334 		}
335 		jlm = kzalloc(sizeof(struct static_key_mod), GFP_KERNEL);
336 		if (!jlm)
337 			return -ENOMEM;
338 		jlm->mod = mod;
339 		jlm->entries = iter;
340 		jlm->next = key->next;
341 		key->next = jlm;
342 
343 		/* Only update if we've changed from our initial state */
344 		if (jump_label_type(iter) != jump_label_init_type(iter))
345 			__jump_label_update(key, iter, iter_stop);
346 	}
347 
348 	return 0;
349 }
350 
351 static void jump_label_del_module(struct module *mod)
352 {
353 	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
354 	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
355 	struct jump_entry *iter;
356 	struct static_key *key = NULL;
357 	struct static_key_mod *jlm, **prev;
358 
359 	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
360 		if (jump_entry_key(iter) == key)
361 			continue;
362 
363 		key = jump_entry_key(iter);
364 
365 		if (within_module(iter->key, mod))
366 			continue;
367 
368 		prev = &key->next;
369 		jlm = key->next;
370 
371 		while (jlm && jlm->mod != mod) {
372 			prev = &jlm->next;
373 			jlm = jlm->next;
374 		}
375 
376 		if (jlm) {
377 			*prev = jlm->next;
378 			kfree(jlm);
379 		}
380 	}
381 }
382 
383 static void jump_label_invalidate_module_init(struct module *mod)
384 {
385 	struct jump_entry *iter_start = mod->jump_entries;
386 	struct jump_entry *iter_stop = iter_start + mod->num_jump_entries;
387 	struct jump_entry *iter;
388 
389 	for (iter = iter_start; iter < iter_stop; iter++) {
390 		if (within_module_init(iter->code, mod))
391 			iter->code = 0;
392 	}
393 }
394 
395 static int
396 jump_label_module_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val,
397 			 void *data)
398 {
399 	struct module *mod = data;
400 	int ret = 0;
401 
402 	switch (val) {
403 	case MODULE_STATE_COMING:
404 		jump_label_lock();
405 		ret = jump_label_add_module(mod);
406 		if (ret)
407 			jump_label_del_module(mod);
408 		jump_label_unlock();
409 		break;
410 	case MODULE_STATE_GOING:
411 		jump_label_lock();
412 		jump_label_del_module(mod);
413 		jump_label_unlock();
414 		break;
415 	case MODULE_STATE_LIVE:
416 		jump_label_lock();
417 		jump_label_invalidate_module_init(mod);
418 		jump_label_unlock();
419 		break;
420 	}
421 
422 	return notifier_from_errno(ret);
423 }
424 
425 struct notifier_block jump_label_module_nb = {
426 	.notifier_call = jump_label_module_notify,
427 	.priority = 1, /* higher than tracepoints */
428 };
429 
430 static __init int jump_label_init_module(void)
431 {
432 	return register_module_notifier(&jump_label_module_nb);
433 }
434 early_initcall(jump_label_init_module);
435 
436 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
437 
438 /***
439  * jump_label_text_reserved - check if addr range is reserved
440  * @start: start text addr
441  * @end: end text addr
442  *
443  * checks if the text addr located between @start and @end
444  * overlaps with any of the jump label patch addresses. Code
445  * that wants to modify kernel text should first verify that
446  * it does not overlap with any of the jump label addresses.
447  * Caller must hold jump_label_mutex.
448  *
449  * returns 1 if there is an overlap, 0 otherwise
450  */
451 int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
452 {
453 	int ret = __jump_label_text_reserved(__start___jump_table,
454 			__stop___jump_table, start, end);
455 
456 	if (ret)
457 		return ret;
458 
459 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
460 	ret = __jump_label_mod_text_reserved(start, end);
461 #endif
462 	return ret;
463 }
464 
465 static void jump_label_update(struct static_key *key)
466 {
467 	struct jump_entry *stop = __stop___jump_table;
468 	struct jump_entry *entry = static_key_entries(key);
469 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
470 	struct module *mod;
471 
472 	__jump_label_mod_update(key);
473 
474 	preempt_disable();
475 	mod = __module_address((unsigned long)key);
476 	if (mod)
477 		stop = mod->jump_entries + mod->num_jump_entries;
478 	preempt_enable();
479 #endif
480 	/* if there are no users, entry can be NULL */
481 	if (entry)
482 		__jump_label_update(key, entry, stop);
483 }
484 
485 #ifdef CONFIG_STATIC_KEYS_SELFTEST
486 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(sk_true);
487 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(sk_false);
488 
489 static __init int jump_label_test(void)
490 {
491 	int i;
492 
493 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
494 		WARN_ON(static_key_enabled(&sk_true.key) != true);
495 		WARN_ON(static_key_enabled(&sk_false.key) != false);
496 
497 		WARN_ON(!static_branch_likely(&sk_true));
498 		WARN_ON(!static_branch_unlikely(&sk_true));
499 		WARN_ON(static_branch_likely(&sk_false));
500 		WARN_ON(static_branch_unlikely(&sk_false));
501 
502 		static_branch_disable(&sk_true);
503 		static_branch_enable(&sk_false);
504 
505 		WARN_ON(static_key_enabled(&sk_true.key) == true);
506 		WARN_ON(static_key_enabled(&sk_false.key) == false);
507 
508 		WARN_ON(static_branch_likely(&sk_true));
509 		WARN_ON(static_branch_unlikely(&sk_true));
510 		WARN_ON(!static_branch_likely(&sk_false));
511 		WARN_ON(!static_branch_unlikely(&sk_false));
512 
513 		static_branch_enable(&sk_true);
514 		static_branch_disable(&sk_false);
515 	}
516 
517 	return 0;
518 }
519 late_initcall(jump_label_test);
520 #endif /* STATIC_KEYS_SELFTEST */
521 
522 #endif /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
523