1 /*
2   Red Black Trees
3   (C) 1999  Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de>
4   (C) 2002  David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5   (C) 2012  Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
6 
7   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10   (at your option) any later version.
11 
12   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15   GNU General Public License for more details.
16 
17   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
20 
21   linux/include/linux/rbtree_augmented.h
22 */
23 
24 #ifndef _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
25 #define _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
26 
27 #include <linux/compiler.h>
28 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
29 
30 /*
31  * Please note - only struct rb_augment_callbacks and the prototypes for
32  * rb_insert_augmented() and rb_erase_augmented() are intended to be public.
33  * The rest are implementation details you are not expected to depend on.
34  *
35  * See Documentation/rbtree.txt for documentation and samples.
36  */
37 
38 struct rb_augment_callbacks {
39 	void (*propagate)(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_node *stop);
40 	void (*copy)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
41 	void (*rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
42 };
43 
44 extern void __rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
45 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
46 /*
47  * Fixup the rbtree and update the augmented information when rebalancing.
48  *
49  * On insertion, the user must update the augmented information on the path
50  * leading to the inserted node, then call rb_link_node() as usual and
51  * rb_augment_inserted() instead of the usual rb_insert_color() call.
52  * If rb_augment_inserted() rebalances the rbtree, it will callback into
53  * a user provided function to update the augmented information on the
54  * affected subtrees.
55  */
56 static inline void
57 rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
58 		    const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
59 {
60 	__rb_insert_augmented(node, root, augment->rotate);
61 }
62 
63 #define RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(rbstatic, rbname, rbstruct, rbfield,	\
64 			     rbtype, rbaugmented, rbcompute)		\
65 static inline void							\
66 rbname ## _propagate(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *stop)		\
67 {									\
68 	while (rb != stop) {						\
69 		rbstruct *node = rb_entry(rb, rbstruct, rbfield);	\
70 		rbtype augmented = rbcompute(node);			\
71 		if (node->rbaugmented == augmented)			\
72 			break;						\
73 		node->rbaugmented = augmented;				\
74 		rb = rb_parent(&node->rbfield);				\
75 	}								\
76 }									\
77 static inline void							\
78 rbname ## _copy(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)		\
79 {									\
80 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
81 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
82 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
83 }									\
84 static void								\
85 rbname ## _rotate(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)	\
86 {									\
87 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
88 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
89 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
90 	old->rbaugmented = rbcompute(old);				\
91 }									\
92 rbstatic const struct rb_augment_callbacks rbname = {			\
93 	.propagate = rbname ## _propagate,				\
94 	.copy = rbname ## _copy,					\
95 	.rotate = rbname ## _rotate					\
96 };
97 
98 
99 #define	RB_RED		0
100 #define	RB_BLACK	1
101 
102 #define __rb_parent(pc)    ((struct rb_node *)(pc & ~3))
103 
104 #define __rb_color(pc)     ((pc) & 1)
105 #define __rb_is_black(pc)  __rb_color(pc)
106 #define __rb_is_red(pc)    (!__rb_color(pc))
107 #define rb_color(rb)       __rb_color((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
108 #define rb_is_red(rb)      __rb_is_red((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
109 #define rb_is_black(rb)    __rb_is_black((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
110 
111 static inline void rb_set_parent(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *p)
112 {
113 	rb->__rb_parent_color = rb_color(rb) | (unsigned long)p;
114 }
115 
116 static inline void rb_set_parent_color(struct rb_node *rb,
117 				       struct rb_node *p, int color)
118 {
119 	rb->__rb_parent_color = (unsigned long)p | color;
120 }
121 
122 static inline void
123 __rb_change_child(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
124 		  struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
125 {
126 	if (parent) {
127 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
128 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, new);
129 		else
130 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_right, new);
131 	} else
132 		WRITE_ONCE(root->rb_node, new);
133 }
134 
135 static inline void
136 __rb_change_child_rcu(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
137 		      struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
138 {
139 	if (parent) {
140 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
141 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_left, new);
142 		else
143 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_right, new);
144 	} else
145 		rcu_assign_pointer(root->rb_node, new);
146 }
147 
148 extern void __rb_erase_color(struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root,
149 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
150 
151 static __always_inline struct rb_node *
152 __rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
153 		     const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
154 {
155 	struct rb_node *child = node->rb_right;
156 	struct rb_node *tmp = node->rb_left;
157 	struct rb_node *parent, *rebalance;
158 	unsigned long pc;
159 
160 	if (!tmp) {
161 		/*
162 		 * Case 1: node to erase has no more than 1 child (easy!)
163 		 *
164 		 * Note that if there is one child it must be red due to 5)
165 		 * and node must be black due to 4). We adjust colors locally
166 		 * so as to bypass __rb_erase_color() later on.
167 		 */
168 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
169 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
170 		__rb_change_child(node, child, parent, root);
171 		if (child) {
172 			child->__rb_parent_color = pc;
173 			rebalance = NULL;
174 		} else
175 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc) ? parent : NULL;
176 		tmp = parent;
177 	} else if (!child) {
178 		/* Still case 1, but this time the child is node->rb_left */
179 		tmp->__rb_parent_color = pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
180 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
181 		__rb_change_child(node, tmp, parent, root);
182 		rebalance = NULL;
183 		tmp = parent;
184 	} else {
185 		struct rb_node *successor = child, *child2;
186 
187 		tmp = child->rb_left;
188 		if (!tmp) {
189 			/*
190 			 * Case 2: node's successor is its right child
191 			 *
192 			 *    (n)          (s)
193 			 *    / \          / \
194 			 *  (x) (s)  ->  (x) (c)
195 			 *        \
196 			 *        (c)
197 			 */
198 			parent = successor;
199 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
200 
201 			augment->copy(node, successor);
202 		} else {
203 			/*
204 			 * Case 3: node's successor is leftmost under
205 			 * node's right child subtree
206 			 *
207 			 *    (n)          (s)
208 			 *    / \          / \
209 			 *  (x) (y)  ->  (x) (y)
210 			 *      /            /
211 			 *    (p)          (p)
212 			 *    /            /
213 			 *  (s)          (c)
214 			 *    \
215 			 *    (c)
216 			 */
217 			do {
218 				parent = successor;
219 				successor = tmp;
220 				tmp = tmp->rb_left;
221 			} while (tmp);
222 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
223 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, child2);
224 			WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_right, child);
225 			rb_set_parent(child, successor);
226 
227 			augment->copy(node, successor);
228 			augment->propagate(parent, successor);
229 		}
230 
231 		tmp = node->rb_left;
232 		WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_left, tmp);
233 		rb_set_parent(tmp, successor);
234 
235 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
236 		tmp = __rb_parent(pc);
237 		__rb_change_child(node, successor, tmp, root);
238 
239 		if (child2) {
240 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
241 			rb_set_parent_color(child2, parent, RB_BLACK);
242 			rebalance = NULL;
243 		} else {
244 			unsigned long pc2 = successor->__rb_parent_color;
245 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
246 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc2) ? parent : NULL;
247 		}
248 		tmp = successor;
249 	}
250 
251 	augment->propagate(tmp, NULL);
252 	return rebalance;
253 }
254 
255 static __always_inline void
256 rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
257 		   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
258 {
259 	struct rb_node *rebalance = __rb_erase_augmented(node, root, augment);
260 	if (rebalance)
261 		__rb_erase_color(rebalance, root, augment->rotate);
262 }
263 
264 #endif	/* _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H */
265