1 /*
2   Red Black Trees
3   (C) 1999  Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de>
4   (C) 2002  David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5   (C) 2012  Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
6 
7   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10   (at your option) any later version.
11 
12   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15   GNU General Public License for more details.
16 
17   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
20 
21   linux/include/linux/rbtree_augmented.h
22 */
23 
24 #ifndef _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
25 #define _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
26 
27 #include <linux/compiler.h>
28 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
29 
30 /*
31  * Please note - only struct rb_augment_callbacks and the prototypes for
32  * rb_insert_augmented() and rb_erase_augmented() are intended to be public.
33  * The rest are implementation details you are not expected to depend on.
34  *
35  * See Documentation/rbtree.txt for documentation and samples.
36  */
37 
38 struct rb_augment_callbacks {
39 	void (*propagate)(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_node *stop);
40 	void (*copy)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
41 	void (*rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
42 };
43 
44 extern void __rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node,
45 				  struct rb_root *root,
46 				  bool newleft, struct rb_node **leftmost,
47 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
48 /*
49  * Fixup the rbtree and update the augmented information when rebalancing.
50  *
51  * On insertion, the user must update the augmented information on the path
52  * leading to the inserted node, then call rb_link_node() as usual and
53  * rb_augment_inserted() instead of the usual rb_insert_color() call.
54  * If rb_augment_inserted() rebalances the rbtree, it will callback into
55  * a user provided function to update the augmented information on the
56  * affected subtrees.
57  */
58 static inline void
59 rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
60 		    const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
61 {
62 	__rb_insert_augmented(node, root, false, NULL, augment->rotate);
63 }
64 
65 static inline void
66 rb_insert_augmented_cached(struct rb_node *node,
67 			   struct rb_root_cached *root, bool newleft,
68 			   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
69 {
70 	__rb_insert_augmented(node, &root->rb_root,
71 			      newleft, &root->rb_leftmost, augment->rotate);
72 }
73 
74 #define RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(rbstatic, rbname, rbstruct, rbfield,	\
75 			     rbtype, rbaugmented, rbcompute)		\
76 static inline void							\
77 rbname ## _propagate(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *stop)		\
78 {									\
79 	while (rb != stop) {						\
80 		rbstruct *node = rb_entry(rb, rbstruct, rbfield);	\
81 		rbtype augmented = rbcompute(node);			\
82 		if (node->rbaugmented == augmented)			\
83 			break;						\
84 		node->rbaugmented = augmented;				\
85 		rb = rb_parent(&node->rbfield);				\
86 	}								\
87 }									\
88 static inline void							\
89 rbname ## _copy(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)		\
90 {									\
91 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
92 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
93 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
94 }									\
95 static void								\
96 rbname ## _rotate(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)	\
97 {									\
98 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
99 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
100 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
101 	old->rbaugmented = rbcompute(old);				\
102 }									\
103 rbstatic const struct rb_augment_callbacks rbname = {			\
104 	.propagate = rbname ## _propagate,				\
105 	.copy = rbname ## _copy,					\
106 	.rotate = rbname ## _rotate					\
107 };
108 
109 
110 #define	RB_RED		0
111 #define	RB_BLACK	1
112 
113 #define __rb_parent(pc)    ((struct rb_node *)(pc & ~3))
114 
115 #define __rb_color(pc)     ((pc) & 1)
116 #define __rb_is_black(pc)  __rb_color(pc)
117 #define __rb_is_red(pc)    (!__rb_color(pc))
118 #define rb_color(rb)       __rb_color((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
119 #define rb_is_red(rb)      __rb_is_red((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
120 #define rb_is_black(rb)    __rb_is_black((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
121 
122 static inline void rb_set_parent(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *p)
123 {
124 	rb->__rb_parent_color = rb_color(rb) | (unsigned long)p;
125 }
126 
127 static inline void rb_set_parent_color(struct rb_node *rb,
128 				       struct rb_node *p, int color)
129 {
130 	rb->__rb_parent_color = (unsigned long)p | color;
131 }
132 
133 static inline void
134 __rb_change_child(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
135 		  struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
136 {
137 	if (parent) {
138 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
139 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, new);
140 		else
141 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_right, new);
142 	} else
143 		WRITE_ONCE(root->rb_node, new);
144 }
145 
146 static inline void
147 __rb_change_child_rcu(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
148 		      struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
149 {
150 	if (parent) {
151 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
152 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_left, new);
153 		else
154 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_right, new);
155 	} else
156 		rcu_assign_pointer(root->rb_node, new);
157 }
158 
159 extern void __rb_erase_color(struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root,
160 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
161 
162 static __always_inline struct rb_node *
163 __rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
164 		     struct rb_node **leftmost,
165 		     const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
166 {
167 	struct rb_node *child = node->rb_right;
168 	struct rb_node *tmp = node->rb_left;
169 	struct rb_node *parent, *rebalance;
170 	unsigned long pc;
171 
172 	if (leftmost && node == *leftmost)
173 		*leftmost = rb_next(node);
174 
175 	if (!tmp) {
176 		/*
177 		 * Case 1: node to erase has no more than 1 child (easy!)
178 		 *
179 		 * Note that if there is one child it must be red due to 5)
180 		 * and node must be black due to 4). We adjust colors locally
181 		 * so as to bypass __rb_erase_color() later on.
182 		 */
183 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
184 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
185 		__rb_change_child(node, child, parent, root);
186 		if (child) {
187 			child->__rb_parent_color = pc;
188 			rebalance = NULL;
189 		} else
190 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc) ? parent : NULL;
191 		tmp = parent;
192 	} else if (!child) {
193 		/* Still case 1, but this time the child is node->rb_left */
194 		tmp->__rb_parent_color = pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
195 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
196 		__rb_change_child(node, tmp, parent, root);
197 		rebalance = NULL;
198 		tmp = parent;
199 	} else {
200 		struct rb_node *successor = child, *child2;
201 
202 		tmp = child->rb_left;
203 		if (!tmp) {
204 			/*
205 			 * Case 2: node's successor is its right child
206 			 *
207 			 *    (n)          (s)
208 			 *    / \          / \
209 			 *  (x) (s)  ->  (x) (c)
210 			 *        \
211 			 *        (c)
212 			 */
213 			parent = successor;
214 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
215 
216 			augment->copy(node, successor);
217 		} else {
218 			/*
219 			 * Case 3: node's successor is leftmost under
220 			 * node's right child subtree
221 			 *
222 			 *    (n)          (s)
223 			 *    / \          / \
224 			 *  (x) (y)  ->  (x) (y)
225 			 *      /            /
226 			 *    (p)          (p)
227 			 *    /            /
228 			 *  (s)          (c)
229 			 *    \
230 			 *    (c)
231 			 */
232 			do {
233 				parent = successor;
234 				successor = tmp;
235 				tmp = tmp->rb_left;
236 			} while (tmp);
237 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
238 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, child2);
239 			WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_right, child);
240 			rb_set_parent(child, successor);
241 
242 			augment->copy(node, successor);
243 			augment->propagate(parent, successor);
244 		}
245 
246 		tmp = node->rb_left;
247 		WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_left, tmp);
248 		rb_set_parent(tmp, successor);
249 
250 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
251 		tmp = __rb_parent(pc);
252 		__rb_change_child(node, successor, tmp, root);
253 
254 		if (child2) {
255 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
256 			rb_set_parent_color(child2, parent, RB_BLACK);
257 			rebalance = NULL;
258 		} else {
259 			unsigned long pc2 = successor->__rb_parent_color;
260 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
261 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc2) ? parent : NULL;
262 		}
263 		tmp = successor;
264 	}
265 
266 	augment->propagate(tmp, NULL);
267 	return rebalance;
268 }
269 
270 static __always_inline void
271 rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
272 		   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
273 {
274 	struct rb_node *rebalance = __rb_erase_augmented(node, root,
275 							 NULL, augment);
276 	if (rebalance)
277 		__rb_erase_color(rebalance, root, augment->rotate);
278 }
279 
280 static __always_inline void
281 rb_erase_augmented_cached(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root_cached *root,
282 			  const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
283 {
284 	struct rb_node *rebalance = __rb_erase_augmented(node, &root->rb_root,
285 							 &root->rb_leftmost,
286 							 augment);
287 	if (rebalance)
288 		__rb_erase_color(rebalance, &root->rb_root, augment->rotate);
289 }
290 
291 #endif	/* _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H */
292