1 /*
2   Red Black Trees
3   (C) 1999  Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de>
4   (C) 2002  David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5   (C) 2012  Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
6 
7   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10   (at your option) any later version.
11 
12   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15   GNU General Public License for more details.
16 
17   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
20 
21   linux/include/linux/rbtree_augmented.h
22 */
23 
24 #ifndef _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
25 #define _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
26 
27 #include <linux/compiler.h>
28 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
29 
30 /*
31  * Please note - only struct rb_augment_callbacks and the prototypes for
32  * rb_insert_augmented() and rb_erase_augmented() are intended to be public.
33  * The rest are implementation details you are not expected to depend on.
34  *
35  * See Documentation/rbtree.txt for documentation and samples.
36  */
37 
38 struct rb_augment_callbacks {
39 	void (*propagate)(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_node *stop);
40 	void (*copy)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
41 	void (*rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
42 };
43 
44 extern void __rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
45 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
46 /*
47  * Fixup the rbtree and update the augmented information when rebalancing.
48  *
49  * On insertion, the user must update the augmented information on the path
50  * leading to the inserted node, then call rb_link_node() as usual and
51  * rb_augment_inserted() instead of the usual rb_insert_color() call.
52  * If rb_augment_inserted() rebalances the rbtree, it will callback into
53  * a user provided function to update the augmented information on the
54  * affected subtrees.
55  */
56 static inline void
57 rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
58 		    const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
59 {
60 	__rb_insert_augmented(node, root, augment->rotate);
61 }
62 
63 #define RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(rbstatic, rbname, rbstruct, rbfield,	\
64 			     rbtype, rbaugmented, rbcompute)		\
65 static inline void							\
66 rbname ## _propagate(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *stop)		\
67 {									\
68 	while (rb != stop) {						\
69 		rbstruct *node = rb_entry(rb, rbstruct, rbfield);	\
70 		rbtype augmented = rbcompute(node);			\
71 		if (node->rbaugmented == augmented)			\
72 			break;						\
73 		node->rbaugmented = augmented;				\
74 		rb = rb_parent(&node->rbfield);				\
75 	}								\
76 }									\
77 static inline void							\
78 rbname ## _copy(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)		\
79 {									\
80 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
81 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
82 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
83 }									\
84 static void								\
85 rbname ## _rotate(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)	\
86 {									\
87 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
88 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
89 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
90 	old->rbaugmented = rbcompute(old);				\
91 }									\
92 rbstatic const struct rb_augment_callbacks rbname = {			\
93 	rbname ## _propagate, rbname ## _copy, rbname ## _rotate	\
94 };
95 
96 
97 #define	RB_RED		0
98 #define	RB_BLACK	1
99 
100 #define __rb_parent(pc)    ((struct rb_node *)(pc & ~3))
101 
102 #define __rb_color(pc)     ((pc) & 1)
103 #define __rb_is_black(pc)  __rb_color(pc)
104 #define __rb_is_red(pc)    (!__rb_color(pc))
105 #define rb_color(rb)       __rb_color((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
106 #define rb_is_red(rb)      __rb_is_red((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
107 #define rb_is_black(rb)    __rb_is_black((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
108 
109 static inline void rb_set_parent(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *p)
110 {
111 	rb->__rb_parent_color = rb_color(rb) | (unsigned long)p;
112 }
113 
114 static inline void rb_set_parent_color(struct rb_node *rb,
115 				       struct rb_node *p, int color)
116 {
117 	rb->__rb_parent_color = (unsigned long)p | color;
118 }
119 
120 static inline void
121 __rb_change_child(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
122 		  struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
123 {
124 	if (parent) {
125 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
126 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, new);
127 		else
128 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_right, new);
129 	} else
130 		WRITE_ONCE(root->rb_node, new);
131 }
132 
133 static inline void
134 __rb_change_child_rcu(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
135 		      struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
136 {
137 	if (parent) {
138 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
139 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_left, new);
140 		else
141 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_right, new);
142 	} else
143 		rcu_assign_pointer(root->rb_node, new);
144 }
145 
146 extern void __rb_erase_color(struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root,
147 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
148 
149 static __always_inline struct rb_node *
150 __rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
151 		     const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
152 {
153 	struct rb_node *child = node->rb_right;
154 	struct rb_node *tmp = node->rb_left;
155 	struct rb_node *parent, *rebalance;
156 	unsigned long pc;
157 
158 	if (!tmp) {
159 		/*
160 		 * Case 1: node to erase has no more than 1 child (easy!)
161 		 *
162 		 * Note that if there is one child it must be red due to 5)
163 		 * and node must be black due to 4). We adjust colors locally
164 		 * so as to bypass __rb_erase_color() later on.
165 		 */
166 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
167 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
168 		__rb_change_child(node, child, parent, root);
169 		if (child) {
170 			child->__rb_parent_color = pc;
171 			rebalance = NULL;
172 		} else
173 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc) ? parent : NULL;
174 		tmp = parent;
175 	} else if (!child) {
176 		/* Still case 1, but this time the child is node->rb_left */
177 		tmp->__rb_parent_color = pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
178 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
179 		__rb_change_child(node, tmp, parent, root);
180 		rebalance = NULL;
181 		tmp = parent;
182 	} else {
183 		struct rb_node *successor = child, *child2;
184 
185 		tmp = child->rb_left;
186 		if (!tmp) {
187 			/*
188 			 * Case 2: node's successor is its right child
189 			 *
190 			 *    (n)          (s)
191 			 *    / \          / \
192 			 *  (x) (s)  ->  (x) (c)
193 			 *        \
194 			 *        (c)
195 			 */
196 			parent = successor;
197 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
198 
199 			augment->copy(node, successor);
200 		} else {
201 			/*
202 			 * Case 3: node's successor is leftmost under
203 			 * node's right child subtree
204 			 *
205 			 *    (n)          (s)
206 			 *    / \          / \
207 			 *  (x) (y)  ->  (x) (y)
208 			 *      /            /
209 			 *    (p)          (p)
210 			 *    /            /
211 			 *  (s)          (c)
212 			 *    \
213 			 *    (c)
214 			 */
215 			do {
216 				parent = successor;
217 				successor = tmp;
218 				tmp = tmp->rb_left;
219 			} while (tmp);
220 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
221 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, child2);
222 			WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_right, child);
223 			rb_set_parent(child, successor);
224 
225 			augment->copy(node, successor);
226 			augment->propagate(parent, successor);
227 		}
228 
229 		tmp = node->rb_left;
230 		WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_left, tmp);
231 		rb_set_parent(tmp, successor);
232 
233 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
234 		tmp = __rb_parent(pc);
235 		__rb_change_child(node, successor, tmp, root);
236 
237 		if (child2) {
238 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
239 			rb_set_parent_color(child2, parent, RB_BLACK);
240 			rebalance = NULL;
241 		} else {
242 			unsigned long pc2 = successor->__rb_parent_color;
243 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
244 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc2) ? parent : NULL;
245 		}
246 		tmp = successor;
247 	}
248 
249 	augment->propagate(tmp, NULL);
250 	return rebalance;
251 }
252 
253 static __always_inline void
254 rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
255 		   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
256 {
257 	struct rb_node *rebalance = __rb_erase_augmented(node, root, augment);
258 	if (rebalance)
259 		__rb_erase_color(rebalance, root, augment->rotate);
260 }
261 
262 #endif	/* _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H */
263