1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 /*
3   Red Black Trees
4   (C) 1999  Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de>
5   (C) 2002  David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
6   (C) 2012  Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
7 
8 
9   linux/include/linux/rbtree_augmented.h
10 */
11 
12 #ifndef _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
13 #define _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
14 
15 #include <linux/compiler.h>
16 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
17 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
18 
19 /*
20  * Please note - only struct rb_augment_callbacks and the prototypes for
21  * rb_insert_augmented() and rb_erase_augmented() are intended to be public.
22  * The rest are implementation details you are not expected to depend on.
23  *
24  * See Documentation/rbtree.txt for documentation and samples.
25  */
26 
27 struct rb_augment_callbacks {
28 	void (*propagate)(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_node *stop);
29 	void (*copy)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
30 	void (*rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
31 };
32 
33 extern void __rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
34 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
35 
36 /*
37  * Fixup the rbtree and update the augmented information when rebalancing.
38  *
39  * On insertion, the user must update the augmented information on the path
40  * leading to the inserted node, then call rb_link_node() as usual and
41  * rb_insert_augmented() instead of the usual rb_insert_color() call.
42  * If rb_insert_augmented() rebalances the rbtree, it will callback into
43  * a user provided function to update the augmented information on the
44  * affected subtrees.
45  */
46 static inline void
47 rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
48 		    const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
49 {
50 	__rb_insert_augmented(node, root, augment->rotate);
51 }
52 
53 static inline void
54 rb_insert_augmented_cached(struct rb_node *node,
55 			   struct rb_root_cached *root, bool newleft,
56 			   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
57 {
58 	if (newleft)
59 		root->rb_leftmost = node;
60 	rb_insert_augmented(node, &root->rb_root, augment);
61 }
62 
63 /*
64  * Template for declaring augmented rbtree callbacks (generic case)
65  *
66  * RBSTATIC:    'static' or empty
67  * RBNAME:      name of the rb_augment_callbacks structure
68  * RBSTRUCT:    struct type of the tree nodes
69  * RBFIELD:     name of struct rb_node field within RBSTRUCT
70  * RBAUGMENTED: name of field within RBSTRUCT holding data for subtree
71  * RBCOMPUTE:   name of function that recomputes the RBAUGMENTED data
72  */
73 
74 #define RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(RBSTATIC, RBNAME,				\
75 			     RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD, RBAUGMENTED, RBCOMPUTE)	\
76 static inline void							\
77 RBNAME ## _propagate(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *stop)		\
78 {									\
79 	while (rb != stop) {						\
80 		RBSTRUCT *node = rb_entry(rb, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD);	\
81 		if (RBCOMPUTE(node, true))				\
82 			break;						\
83 		rb = rb_parent(&node->RBFIELD);				\
84 	}								\
85 }									\
86 static inline void							\
87 RBNAME ## _copy(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)		\
88 {									\
89 	RBSTRUCT *old = rb_entry(rb_old, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD);		\
90 	RBSTRUCT *new = rb_entry(rb_new, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD);		\
91 	new->RBAUGMENTED = old->RBAUGMENTED;				\
92 }									\
93 static void								\
94 RBNAME ## _rotate(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)	\
95 {									\
96 	RBSTRUCT *old = rb_entry(rb_old, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD);		\
97 	RBSTRUCT *new = rb_entry(rb_new, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD);		\
98 	new->RBAUGMENTED = old->RBAUGMENTED;				\
99 	RBCOMPUTE(old, false);						\
100 }									\
101 RBSTATIC const struct rb_augment_callbacks RBNAME = {			\
102 	.propagate = RBNAME ## _propagate,				\
103 	.copy = RBNAME ## _copy,					\
104 	.rotate = RBNAME ## _rotate					\
105 };
106 
107 /*
108  * Template for declaring augmented rbtree callbacks,
109  * computing RBAUGMENTED scalar as max(RBCOMPUTE(node)) for all subtree nodes.
110  *
111  * RBSTATIC:    'static' or empty
112  * RBNAME:      name of the rb_augment_callbacks structure
113  * RBSTRUCT:    struct type of the tree nodes
114  * RBFIELD:     name of struct rb_node field within RBSTRUCT
115  * RBTYPE:      type of the RBAUGMENTED field
116  * RBAUGMENTED: name of RBTYPE field within RBSTRUCT holding data for subtree
117  * RBCOMPUTE:   name of function that returns the per-node RBTYPE scalar
118  */
119 
120 #define RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS_MAX(RBSTATIC, RBNAME, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD,	      \
121 				 RBTYPE, RBAUGMENTED, RBCOMPUTE)	      \
122 static inline bool RBNAME ## _compute_max(RBSTRUCT *node, bool exit)	      \
123 {									      \
124 	RBSTRUCT *child;						      \
125 	RBTYPE max = RBCOMPUTE(node);					      \
126 	if (node->RBFIELD.rb_left) {					      \
127 		child = rb_entry(node->RBFIELD.rb_left, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD);   \
128 		if (child->RBAUGMENTED > max)				      \
129 			max = child->RBAUGMENTED;			      \
130 	}								      \
131 	if (node->RBFIELD.rb_right) {					      \
132 		child = rb_entry(node->RBFIELD.rb_right, RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD);  \
133 		if (child->RBAUGMENTED > max)				      \
134 			max = child->RBAUGMENTED;			      \
135 	}								      \
136 	if (exit && node->RBAUGMENTED == max)				      \
137 		return true;						      \
138 	node->RBAUGMENTED = max;					      \
139 	return false;							      \
140 }									      \
141 RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(RBSTATIC, RBNAME,					      \
142 		     RBSTRUCT, RBFIELD, RBAUGMENTED, RBNAME ## _compute_max)
143 
144 
145 #define	RB_RED		0
146 #define	RB_BLACK	1
147 
148 #define __rb_parent(pc)    ((struct rb_node *)(pc & ~3))
149 
150 #define __rb_color(pc)     ((pc) & 1)
151 #define __rb_is_black(pc)  __rb_color(pc)
152 #define __rb_is_red(pc)    (!__rb_color(pc))
153 #define rb_color(rb)       __rb_color((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
154 #define rb_is_red(rb)      __rb_is_red((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
155 #define rb_is_black(rb)    __rb_is_black((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
156 
157 static inline void rb_set_parent(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *p)
158 {
159 	rb->__rb_parent_color = rb_color(rb) | (unsigned long)p;
160 }
161 
162 static inline void rb_set_parent_color(struct rb_node *rb,
163 				       struct rb_node *p, int color)
164 {
165 	rb->__rb_parent_color = (unsigned long)p | color;
166 }
167 
168 static inline void
169 __rb_change_child(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
170 		  struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
171 {
172 	if (parent) {
173 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
174 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, new);
175 		else
176 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_right, new);
177 	} else
178 		WRITE_ONCE(root->rb_node, new);
179 }
180 
181 static inline void
182 __rb_change_child_rcu(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
183 		      struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
184 {
185 	if (parent) {
186 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
187 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_left, new);
188 		else
189 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_right, new);
190 	} else
191 		rcu_assign_pointer(root->rb_node, new);
192 }
193 
194 extern void __rb_erase_color(struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root,
195 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
196 
197 static __always_inline struct rb_node *
198 __rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
199 		     const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
200 {
201 	struct rb_node *child = node->rb_right;
202 	struct rb_node *tmp = node->rb_left;
203 	struct rb_node *parent, *rebalance;
204 	unsigned long pc;
205 
206 	if (!tmp) {
207 		/*
208 		 * Case 1: node to erase has no more than 1 child (easy!)
209 		 *
210 		 * Note that if there is one child it must be red due to 5)
211 		 * and node must be black due to 4). We adjust colors locally
212 		 * so as to bypass __rb_erase_color() later on.
213 		 */
214 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
215 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
216 		__rb_change_child(node, child, parent, root);
217 		if (child) {
218 			child->__rb_parent_color = pc;
219 			rebalance = NULL;
220 		} else
221 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc) ? parent : NULL;
222 		tmp = parent;
223 	} else if (!child) {
224 		/* Still case 1, but this time the child is node->rb_left */
225 		tmp->__rb_parent_color = pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
226 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
227 		__rb_change_child(node, tmp, parent, root);
228 		rebalance = NULL;
229 		tmp = parent;
230 	} else {
231 		struct rb_node *successor = child, *child2;
232 
233 		tmp = child->rb_left;
234 		if (!tmp) {
235 			/*
236 			 * Case 2: node's successor is its right child
237 			 *
238 			 *    (n)          (s)
239 			 *    / \          / \
240 			 *  (x) (s)  ->  (x) (c)
241 			 *        \
242 			 *        (c)
243 			 */
244 			parent = successor;
245 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
246 
247 			augment->copy(node, successor);
248 		} else {
249 			/*
250 			 * Case 3: node's successor is leftmost under
251 			 * node's right child subtree
252 			 *
253 			 *    (n)          (s)
254 			 *    / \          / \
255 			 *  (x) (y)  ->  (x) (y)
256 			 *      /            /
257 			 *    (p)          (p)
258 			 *    /            /
259 			 *  (s)          (c)
260 			 *    \
261 			 *    (c)
262 			 */
263 			do {
264 				parent = successor;
265 				successor = tmp;
266 				tmp = tmp->rb_left;
267 			} while (tmp);
268 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
269 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, child2);
270 			WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_right, child);
271 			rb_set_parent(child, successor);
272 
273 			augment->copy(node, successor);
274 			augment->propagate(parent, successor);
275 		}
276 
277 		tmp = node->rb_left;
278 		WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_left, tmp);
279 		rb_set_parent(tmp, successor);
280 
281 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
282 		tmp = __rb_parent(pc);
283 		__rb_change_child(node, successor, tmp, root);
284 
285 		if (child2) {
286 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
287 			rb_set_parent_color(child2, parent, RB_BLACK);
288 			rebalance = NULL;
289 		} else {
290 			unsigned long pc2 = successor->__rb_parent_color;
291 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
292 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc2) ? parent : NULL;
293 		}
294 		tmp = successor;
295 	}
296 
297 	augment->propagate(tmp, NULL);
298 	return rebalance;
299 }
300 
301 static __always_inline void
302 rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
303 		   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
304 {
305 	struct rb_node *rebalance = __rb_erase_augmented(node, root, augment);
306 	if (rebalance)
307 		__rb_erase_color(rebalance, root, augment->rotate);
308 }
309 
310 static __always_inline void
311 rb_erase_augmented_cached(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root_cached *root,
312 			  const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
313 {
314 	if (root->rb_leftmost == node)
315 		root->rb_leftmost = rb_next(node);
316 	rb_erase_augmented(node, &root->rb_root, augment);
317 }
318 
319 #endif	/* _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H */
320