xref: /openbmc/linux/fs/xfs/xfs_error.c (revision 2fa5ebe3) 
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000-2001,2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
4  * All Rights Reserved.
5  */
6 #include "xfs.h"
7 #include "xfs_shared.h"
8 #include "xfs_format.h"
9 #include "xfs_fs.h"
10 #include "xfs_log_format.h"
11 #include "xfs_trans_resv.h"
12 #include "xfs_mount.h"
13 #include "xfs_errortag.h"
14 #include "xfs_error.h"
15 #include "xfs_sysfs.h"
16 #include "xfs_inode.h"
17 
18 #ifdef DEBUG
19 
20 static unsigned int xfs_errortag_random_default[] = {
21 	XFS_RANDOM_DEFAULT,
22 	XFS_RANDOM_IFLUSH_1,
23 	XFS_RANDOM_IFLUSH_2,
24 	XFS_RANDOM_IFLUSH_3,
25 	XFS_RANDOM_IFLUSH_4,
26 	XFS_RANDOM_IFLUSH_5,
27 	XFS_RANDOM_IFLUSH_6,
28 	XFS_RANDOM_DA_READ_BUF,
29 	XFS_RANDOM_BTREE_CHECK_LBLOCK,
30 	XFS_RANDOM_BTREE_CHECK_SBLOCK,
31 	XFS_RANDOM_ALLOC_READ_AGF,
32 	XFS_RANDOM_IALLOC_READ_AGI,
33 	XFS_RANDOM_ITOBP_INOTOBP,
34 	XFS_RANDOM_IUNLINK,
35 	XFS_RANDOM_IUNLINK_REMOVE,
36 	XFS_RANDOM_DIR_INO_VALIDATE,
37 	XFS_RANDOM_BULKSTAT_READ_CHUNK,
38 	XFS_RANDOM_IODONE_IOERR,
39 	XFS_RANDOM_STRATREAD_IOERR,
40 	XFS_RANDOM_STRATCMPL_IOERR,
41 	XFS_RANDOM_DIOWRITE_IOERR,
42 	XFS_RANDOM_BMAPIFORMAT,
43 	XFS_RANDOM_FREE_EXTENT,
44 	XFS_RANDOM_RMAP_FINISH_ONE,
45 	XFS_RANDOM_REFCOUNT_CONTINUE_UPDATE,
46 	XFS_RANDOM_REFCOUNT_FINISH_ONE,
47 	XFS_RANDOM_BMAP_FINISH_ONE,
48 	XFS_RANDOM_AG_RESV_CRITICAL,
49 	0, /* XFS_RANDOM_DROP_WRITES has been removed */
50 	XFS_RANDOM_LOG_BAD_CRC,
51 	XFS_RANDOM_LOG_ITEM_PIN,
52 	XFS_RANDOM_BUF_LRU_REF,
53 	XFS_RANDOM_FORCE_SCRUB_REPAIR,
54 	XFS_RANDOM_FORCE_SUMMARY_RECALC,
55 	XFS_RANDOM_IUNLINK_FALLBACK,
56 	XFS_RANDOM_BUF_IOERROR,
57 	XFS_RANDOM_REDUCE_MAX_IEXTENTS,
58 	XFS_RANDOM_BMAP_ALLOC_MINLEN_EXTENT,
59 	XFS_RANDOM_AG_RESV_FAIL,
60 	XFS_RANDOM_LARP,
61 	XFS_RANDOM_DA_LEAF_SPLIT,
62 	XFS_RANDOM_ATTR_LEAF_TO_NODE,
63 	XFS_RANDOM_WB_DELAY_MS,
64 	XFS_RANDOM_WRITE_DELAY_MS,
65 };
66 
67 struct xfs_errortag_attr {
68 	struct attribute	attr;
69 	unsigned int		tag;
70 };
71 
72 static inline struct xfs_errortag_attr *
73 to_attr(struct attribute *attr)
74 {
75 	return container_of(attr, struct xfs_errortag_attr, attr);
76 }
77 
78 static inline struct xfs_mount *
79 to_mp(struct kobject *kobject)
80 {
81 	struct xfs_kobj *kobj = to_kobj(kobject);
82 
83 	return container_of(kobj, struct xfs_mount, m_errortag_kobj);
84 }
85 
86 STATIC ssize_t
87 xfs_errortag_attr_store(
88 	struct kobject		*kobject,
89 	struct attribute	*attr,
90 	const char		*buf,
91 	size_t			count)
92 {
93 	struct xfs_mount	*mp = to_mp(kobject);
94 	struct xfs_errortag_attr *xfs_attr = to_attr(attr);
95 	int			ret;
96 	unsigned int		val;
97 
98 	if (strcmp(buf, "default") == 0) {
99 		val = xfs_errortag_random_default[xfs_attr->tag];
100 	} else {
101 		ret = kstrtouint(buf, 0, &val);
102 		if (ret)
103 			return ret;
104 	}
105 
106 	ret = xfs_errortag_set(mp, xfs_attr->tag, val);
107 	if (ret)
108 		return ret;
109 	return count;
110 }
111 
112 STATIC ssize_t
113 xfs_errortag_attr_show(
114 	struct kobject		*kobject,
115 	struct attribute	*attr,
116 	char			*buf)
117 {
118 	struct xfs_mount	*mp = to_mp(kobject);
119 	struct xfs_errortag_attr *xfs_attr = to_attr(attr);
120 
121 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n",
122 			xfs_errortag_get(mp, xfs_attr->tag));
123 }
124 
125 static const struct sysfs_ops xfs_errortag_sysfs_ops = {
126 	.show = xfs_errortag_attr_show,
127 	.store = xfs_errortag_attr_store,
128 };
129 
130 #define XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(_name, _tag) \
131 static struct xfs_errortag_attr xfs_errortag_attr_##_name = {		\
132 	.attr = {.name = __stringify(_name),				\
133 		 .mode = VERIFY_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS(S_IWUSR | S_IRUGO) },	\
134 	.tag	= (_tag),						\
135 }
136 
137 #define XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(_name) &xfs_errortag_attr_##_name.attr
138 
139 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(noerror,		XFS_ERRTAG_NOERROR);
140 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iflush1,		XFS_ERRTAG_IFLUSH_1);
141 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iflush2,		XFS_ERRTAG_IFLUSH_2);
142 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iflush3,		XFS_ERRTAG_IFLUSH_3);
143 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iflush4,		XFS_ERRTAG_IFLUSH_4);
144 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iflush5,		XFS_ERRTAG_IFLUSH_5);
145 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iflush6,		XFS_ERRTAG_IFLUSH_6);
146 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(dareadbuf,		XFS_ERRTAG_DA_READ_BUF);
147 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(btree_chk_lblk,	XFS_ERRTAG_BTREE_CHECK_LBLOCK);
148 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(btree_chk_sblk,	XFS_ERRTAG_BTREE_CHECK_SBLOCK);
149 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(readagf,		XFS_ERRTAG_ALLOC_READ_AGF);
150 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(readagi,		XFS_ERRTAG_IALLOC_READ_AGI);
151 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(itobp,		XFS_ERRTAG_ITOBP_INOTOBP);
152 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iunlink,		XFS_ERRTAG_IUNLINK);
153 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iunlinkrm,		XFS_ERRTAG_IUNLINK_REMOVE);
154 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(dirinovalid,	XFS_ERRTAG_DIR_INO_VALIDATE);
155 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(bulkstat,		XFS_ERRTAG_BULKSTAT_READ_CHUNK);
156 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(logiodone,		XFS_ERRTAG_IODONE_IOERR);
157 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(stratread,		XFS_ERRTAG_STRATREAD_IOERR);
158 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(stratcmpl,		XFS_ERRTAG_STRATCMPL_IOERR);
159 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(diowrite,		XFS_ERRTAG_DIOWRITE_IOERR);
160 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(bmapifmt,		XFS_ERRTAG_BMAPIFORMAT);
161 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(free_extent,	XFS_ERRTAG_FREE_EXTENT);
162 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(rmap_finish_one,	XFS_ERRTAG_RMAP_FINISH_ONE);
163 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(refcount_continue_update,	XFS_ERRTAG_REFCOUNT_CONTINUE_UPDATE);
164 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(refcount_finish_one,	XFS_ERRTAG_REFCOUNT_FINISH_ONE);
165 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(bmap_finish_one,	XFS_ERRTAG_BMAP_FINISH_ONE);
166 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(ag_resv_critical,	XFS_ERRTAG_AG_RESV_CRITICAL);
167 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(log_bad_crc,	XFS_ERRTAG_LOG_BAD_CRC);
168 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(log_item_pin,	XFS_ERRTAG_LOG_ITEM_PIN);
169 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(buf_lru_ref,	XFS_ERRTAG_BUF_LRU_REF);
170 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(force_repair,	XFS_ERRTAG_FORCE_SCRUB_REPAIR);
171 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(bad_summary,	XFS_ERRTAG_FORCE_SUMMARY_RECALC);
172 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(iunlink_fallback,	XFS_ERRTAG_IUNLINK_FALLBACK);
173 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(buf_ioerror,	XFS_ERRTAG_BUF_IOERROR);
174 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(reduce_max_iextents,	XFS_ERRTAG_REDUCE_MAX_IEXTENTS);
175 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(bmap_alloc_minlen_extent,	XFS_ERRTAG_BMAP_ALLOC_MINLEN_EXTENT);
176 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(ag_resv_fail, XFS_ERRTAG_AG_RESV_FAIL);
177 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(larp,		XFS_ERRTAG_LARP);
178 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(da_leaf_split,	XFS_ERRTAG_DA_LEAF_SPLIT);
179 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(attr_leaf_to_node,	XFS_ERRTAG_ATTR_LEAF_TO_NODE);
180 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(wb_delay_ms,	XFS_ERRTAG_WB_DELAY_MS);
181 XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_RW(write_delay_ms,	XFS_ERRTAG_WRITE_DELAY_MS);
182 
183 static struct attribute *xfs_errortag_attrs[] = {
184 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(noerror),
185 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iflush1),
186 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iflush2),
187 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iflush3),
188 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iflush4),
189 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iflush5),
190 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iflush6),
191 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(dareadbuf),
192 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(btree_chk_lblk),
193 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(btree_chk_sblk),
194 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(readagf),
195 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(readagi),
196 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(itobp),
197 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iunlink),
198 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iunlinkrm),
199 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(dirinovalid),
200 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(bulkstat),
201 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(logiodone),
202 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(stratread),
203 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(stratcmpl),
204 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(diowrite),
205 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(bmapifmt),
206 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(free_extent),
207 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(rmap_finish_one),
208 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(refcount_continue_update),
209 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(refcount_finish_one),
210 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(bmap_finish_one),
211 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(ag_resv_critical),
212 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(log_bad_crc),
213 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(log_item_pin),
214 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(buf_lru_ref),
215 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(force_repair),
216 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(bad_summary),
217 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(iunlink_fallback),
218 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(buf_ioerror),
219 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(reduce_max_iextents),
220 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(bmap_alloc_minlen_extent),
221 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(ag_resv_fail),
222 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(larp),
223 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(da_leaf_split),
224 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(attr_leaf_to_node),
225 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(wb_delay_ms),
226 	XFS_ERRORTAG_ATTR_LIST(write_delay_ms),
227 	NULL,
228 };
229 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(xfs_errortag);
230 
231 static const struct kobj_type xfs_errortag_ktype = {
232 	.release = xfs_sysfs_release,
233 	.sysfs_ops = &xfs_errortag_sysfs_ops,
234 	.default_groups = xfs_errortag_groups,
235 };
236 
237 int
238 xfs_errortag_init(
239 	struct xfs_mount	*mp)
240 {
241 	int ret;
242 
243 	mp->m_errortag = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(unsigned int) * XFS_ERRTAG_MAX,
244 			KM_MAYFAIL);
245 	if (!mp->m_errortag)
246 		return -ENOMEM;
247 
248 	ret = xfs_sysfs_init(&mp->m_errortag_kobj, &xfs_errortag_ktype,
249 				&mp->m_kobj, "errortag");
250 	if (ret)
251 		kmem_free(mp->m_errortag);
252 	return ret;
253 }
254 
255 void
256 xfs_errortag_del(
257 	struct xfs_mount	*mp)
258 {
259 	xfs_sysfs_del(&mp->m_errortag_kobj);
260 	kmem_free(mp->m_errortag);
261 }
262 
263 static bool
264 xfs_errortag_valid(
265 	unsigned int		error_tag)
266 {
267 	if (error_tag >= XFS_ERRTAG_MAX)
268 		return false;
269 
270 	/* Error out removed injection types */
271 	if (error_tag == XFS_ERRTAG_DROP_WRITES)
272 		return false;
273 	return true;
274 }
275 
276 bool
277 xfs_errortag_enabled(
278 	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
279 	unsigned int		tag)
280 {
281 	if (!mp->m_errortag)
282 		return false;
283 	if (!xfs_errortag_valid(tag))
284 		return false;
285 
286 	return mp->m_errortag[tag] != 0;
287 }
288 
289 bool
290 xfs_errortag_test(
291 	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
292 	const char		*expression,
293 	const char		*file,
294 	int			line,
295 	unsigned int		error_tag)
296 {
297 	unsigned int		randfactor;
298 
299 	/*
300 	 * To be able to use error injection anywhere, we need to ensure error
301 	 * injection mechanism is already initialized.
302 	 *
303 	 * Code paths like I/O completion can be called before the
304 	 * initialization is complete, but be able to inject errors in such
305 	 * places is still useful.
306 	 */
307 	if (!mp->m_errortag)
308 		return false;
309 
310 	if (!xfs_errortag_valid(error_tag))
311 		return false;
312 
313 	randfactor = mp->m_errortag[error_tag];
314 	if (!randfactor || get_random_u32_below(randfactor))
315 		return false;
316 
317 	xfs_warn_ratelimited(mp,
318 "Injecting error (%s) at file %s, line %d, on filesystem \"%s\"",
319 			expression, file, line, mp->m_super->s_id);
320 	return true;
321 }
322 
323 int
324 xfs_errortag_get(
325 	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
326 	unsigned int		error_tag)
327 {
328 	if (!xfs_errortag_valid(error_tag))
329 		return -EINVAL;
330 
331 	return mp->m_errortag[error_tag];
332 }
333 
334 int
335 xfs_errortag_set(
336 	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
337 	unsigned int		error_tag,
338 	unsigned int		tag_value)
339 {
340 	if (!xfs_errortag_valid(error_tag))
341 		return -EINVAL;
342 
343 	mp->m_errortag[error_tag] = tag_value;
344 	return 0;
345 }
346 
347 int
348 xfs_errortag_add(
349 	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
350 	unsigned int		error_tag)
351 {
352 	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(xfs_errortag_random_default) != XFS_ERRTAG_MAX);
353 
354 	if (!xfs_errortag_valid(error_tag))
355 		return -EINVAL;
356 
357 	return xfs_errortag_set(mp, error_tag,
358 			xfs_errortag_random_default[error_tag]);
359 }
360 
361 int
362 xfs_errortag_clearall(
363 	struct xfs_mount	*mp)
364 {
365 	memset(mp->m_errortag, 0, sizeof(unsigned int) * XFS_ERRTAG_MAX);
366 	return 0;
367 }
368 #endif /* DEBUG */
369 
370 void
371 xfs_error_report(
372 	const char		*tag,
373 	int			level,
374 	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
375 	const char		*filename,
376 	int			linenum,
377 	xfs_failaddr_t		failaddr)
378 {
379 	if (level <= xfs_error_level) {
380 		xfs_alert_tag(mp, XFS_PTAG_ERROR_REPORT,
381 		"Internal error %s at line %d of file %s.  Caller %pS",
382 			    tag, linenum, filename, failaddr);
383 
384 		xfs_stack_trace();
385 	}
386 }
387 
388 void
389 xfs_corruption_error(
390 	const char		*tag,
391 	int			level,
392 	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
393 	const void		*buf,
394 	size_t			bufsize,
395 	const char		*filename,
396 	int			linenum,
397 	xfs_failaddr_t		failaddr)
398 {
399 	if (buf && level <= xfs_error_level)
400 		xfs_hex_dump(buf, bufsize);
401 	xfs_error_report(tag, level, mp, filename, linenum, failaddr);
402 	xfs_alert(mp, "Corruption detected. Unmount and run xfs_repair");
403 }
404 
405 /*
406  * Complain about the kinds of metadata corruption that we can't detect from a
407  * verifier, such as incorrect inter-block relationship data.  Does not set
408  * bp->b_error.
409  *
410  * Call xfs_buf_mark_corrupt, not this function.
411  */
412 void
413 xfs_buf_corruption_error(
414 	struct xfs_buf		*bp,
415 	xfs_failaddr_t		fa)
416 {
417 	struct xfs_mount	*mp = bp->b_mount;
418 
419 	xfs_alert_tag(mp, XFS_PTAG_VERIFIER_ERROR,
420 		  "Metadata corruption detected at %pS, %s block 0x%llx",
421 		  fa, bp->b_ops->name, xfs_buf_daddr(bp));
422 
423 	xfs_alert(mp, "Unmount and run xfs_repair");
424 
425 	if (xfs_error_level >= XFS_ERRLEVEL_HIGH)
426 		xfs_stack_trace();
427 }
428 
429 /*
430  * Warnings specifically for verifier errors.  Differentiate CRC vs. invalid
431  * values, and omit the stack trace unless the error level is tuned high.
432  */
433 void
434 xfs_buf_verifier_error(
435 	struct xfs_buf		*bp,
436 	int			error,
437 	const char		*name,
438 	const void		*buf,
439 	size_t			bufsz,
440 	xfs_failaddr_t		failaddr)
441 {
442 	struct xfs_mount	*mp = bp->b_mount;
443 	xfs_failaddr_t		fa;
444 	int			sz;
445 
446 	fa = failaddr ? failaddr : __return_address;
447 	__xfs_buf_ioerror(bp, error, fa);
448 
449 	xfs_alert_tag(mp, XFS_PTAG_VERIFIER_ERROR,
450 		  "Metadata %s detected at %pS, %s block 0x%llx %s",
451 		  bp->b_error == -EFSBADCRC ? "CRC error" : "corruption",
452 		  fa, bp->b_ops->name, xfs_buf_daddr(bp), name);
453 
454 	xfs_alert(mp, "Unmount and run xfs_repair");
455 
456 	if (xfs_error_level >= XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW) {
457 		sz = min_t(size_t, XFS_CORRUPTION_DUMP_LEN, bufsz);
458 		xfs_alert(mp, "First %d bytes of corrupted metadata buffer:",
459 				sz);
460 		xfs_hex_dump(buf, sz);
461 	}
462 
463 	if (xfs_error_level >= XFS_ERRLEVEL_HIGH)
464 		xfs_stack_trace();
465 }
466 
467 /*
468  * Warnings specifically for verifier errors.  Differentiate CRC vs. invalid
469  * values, and omit the stack trace unless the error level is tuned high.
470  */
471 void
472 xfs_verifier_error(
473 	struct xfs_buf		*bp,
474 	int			error,
475 	xfs_failaddr_t		failaddr)
476 {
477 	return xfs_buf_verifier_error(bp, error, "", xfs_buf_offset(bp, 0),
478 			XFS_CORRUPTION_DUMP_LEN, failaddr);
479 }
480 
481 /*
482  * Warnings for inode corruption problems.  Don't bother with the stack
483  * trace unless the error level is turned up high.
484  */
485 void
486 xfs_inode_verifier_error(
487 	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
488 	int			error,
489 	const char		*name,
490 	const void		*buf,
491 	size_t			bufsz,
492 	xfs_failaddr_t		failaddr)
493 {
494 	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
495 	xfs_failaddr_t		fa;
496 	int			sz;
497 
498 	fa = failaddr ? failaddr : __return_address;
499 
500 	xfs_alert(mp, "Metadata %s detected at %pS, inode 0x%llx %s",
501 		  error == -EFSBADCRC ? "CRC error" : "corruption",
502 		  fa, ip->i_ino, name);
503 
504 	xfs_alert(mp, "Unmount and run xfs_repair");
505 
506 	if (buf && xfs_error_level >= XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW) {
507 		sz = min_t(size_t, XFS_CORRUPTION_DUMP_LEN, bufsz);
508 		xfs_alert(mp, "First %d bytes of corrupted metadata buffer:",
509 				sz);
510 		xfs_hex_dump(buf, sz);
511 	}
512 
513 	if (xfs_error_level >= XFS_ERRLEVEL_HIGH)
514 		xfs_stack_trace();
515 }
516