xref: /openbmc/linux/fs/nfs/nfsroot.c (revision 545e4006)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 1995, 1996  Gero Kuhlmann <gero@gkminix.han.de>
3  *
4  *  Allow an NFS filesystem to be mounted as root. The way this works is:
5  *     (1) Use the IP autoconfig mechanism to set local IP addresses and routes.
6  *     (2) Handle RPC negotiation with the system which replied to RARP or
7  *         was reported as a boot server by BOOTP or manually.
8  *     (3) The actual mounting is done later, when init() is running.
9  *
10  *
11  *	Changes:
12  *
13  *	Alan Cox	:	Removed get_address name clash with FPU.
14  *	Alan Cox	:	Reformatted a bit.
15  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Code cleanup
16  *	Michael Rausch  :	Fixed recognition of an incoming RARP answer.
17  *	Martin Mares	: (2.0)	Auto-configuration via BOOTP supported.
18  *	Martin Mares	:	Manual selection of interface & BOOTP/RARP.
19  *	Martin Mares	:	Using network routes instead of host routes,
20  *				allowing the default configuration to be used
21  *				for normal operation of the host.
22  *	Martin Mares	:	Randomized timer with exponential backoff
23  *				installed to minimize network congestion.
24  *	Martin Mares	:	Code cleanup.
25  *	Martin Mares	: (2.1)	BOOTP and RARP made configuration options.
26  *	Martin Mares	:	Server hostname generation fixed.
27  *	Gerd Knorr	:	Fixed wired inode handling
28  *	Martin Mares	: (2.2)	"0.0.0.0" addresses from command line ignored.
29  *	Martin Mares	:	RARP replies not tested for server address.
30  *	Gero Kuhlmann	: (2.3) Some bug fixes and code cleanup again (please
31  *				send me your new patches _before_ bothering
32  *				Linus so that I don' always have to cleanup
33  *				_afterwards_ - thanks)
34  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Last changes of Martin Mares undone.
35  *	Gero Kuhlmann	: 	RARP replies are tested for specified server
36  *				again. However, it's now possible to have
37  *				different RARP and NFS servers.
38  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	"0.0.0.0" addresses from command line are
39  *				now mapped to INADDR_NONE.
40  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Fixed a bug which prevented BOOTP path name
41  *				from being used (thanks to Leo Spiekman)
42  *	Andy Walker	:	Allow to specify the NFS server in nfs_root
43  *				without giving a path name
44  *	Swen Thümmler	:	Allow to specify the NFS options in nfs_root
45  *				without giving a path name. Fix BOOTP request
46  *				for domainname (domainname is NIS domain, not
47  *				DNS domain!). Skip dummy devices for BOOTP.
48  *	Jacek Zapala	:	Fixed a bug which prevented server-ip address
49  *				from nfsroot parameter from being used.
50  *	Olaf Kirch	:	Adapted to new NFS code.
51  *	Jakub Jelinek	:	Free used code segment.
52  *	Marko Kohtala	:	Fixed some bugs.
53  *	Martin Mares	:	Debug message cleanup
54  *	Martin Mares	:	Changed to use the new generic IP layer autoconfig
55  *				code. BOOTP and RARP moved there.
56  *	Martin Mares	:	Default path now contains host name instead of
57  *				host IP address (but host name defaults to IP
58  *				address anyway).
59  *	Martin Mares	:	Use root_server_addr appropriately during setup.
60  *	Martin Mares	:	Rewrote parameter parsing, now hopefully giving
61  *				correct overriding.
62  *	Trond Myklebust :	Add in preliminary support for NFSv3 and TCP.
63  *				Fix bug in root_nfs_addr(). nfs_data.namlen
64  *				is NOT for the length of the hostname.
65  *	Hua Qin		:	Support for mounting root file system via
66  *				NFS over TCP.
67  *	Fabian Frederick:	Option parser rebuilt (using parser lib)
68 */
69 
70 #include <linux/types.h>
71 #include <linux/string.h>
72 #include <linux/kernel.h>
73 #include <linux/time.h>
74 #include <linux/fs.h>
75 #include <linux/init.h>
76 #include <linux/sunrpc/clnt.h>
77 #include <linux/sunrpc/xprtsock.h>
78 #include <linux/nfs.h>
79 #include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
80 #include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
81 #include <linux/in.h>
82 #include <linux/major.h>
83 #include <linux/utsname.h>
84 #include <linux/inet.h>
85 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
86 #include <net/ipconfig.h>
87 #include <linux/parser.h>
88 
89 /* Define this to allow debugging output */
90 #undef NFSROOT_DEBUG
91 #define NFSDBG_FACILITY NFSDBG_ROOT
92 
93 /* Default path we try to mount. "%s" gets replaced by our IP address */
94 #define NFS_ROOT		"/tftpboot/%s"
95 
96 /* Parameters passed from the kernel command line */
97 static char nfs_root_name[256] __initdata = "";
98 
99 /* Address of NFS server */
100 static __be32 servaddr __initdata = 0;
101 
102 /* Name of directory to mount */
103 static char nfs_path[NFS_MAXPATHLEN] __initdata = { 0, };
104 
105 /* NFS-related data */
106 static struct nfs_mount_data nfs_data __initdata = { 0, };/* NFS mount info */
107 static int nfs_port __initdata = 0;		/* Port to connect to for NFS */
108 static int mount_port __initdata = 0;		/* Mount daemon port number */
109 
110 
111 /***************************************************************************
112 
113 			     Parsing of options
114 
115  ***************************************************************************/
116 
117 enum {
118 	/* Options that take integer arguments */
119 	Opt_port, Opt_rsize, Opt_wsize, Opt_timeo, Opt_retrans, Opt_acregmin,
120 	Opt_acregmax, Opt_acdirmin, Opt_acdirmax,
121 	/* Options that take no arguments */
122 	Opt_soft, Opt_hard, Opt_intr,
123 	Opt_nointr, Opt_posix, Opt_noposix, Opt_cto, Opt_nocto, Opt_ac,
124 	Opt_noac, Opt_lock, Opt_nolock, Opt_v2, Opt_v3, Opt_udp, Opt_tcp,
125 	Opt_acl, Opt_noacl,
126 	/* Error token */
127 	Opt_err
128 };
129 
130 static match_table_t __initconst tokens = {
131 	{Opt_port, "port=%u"},
132 	{Opt_rsize, "rsize=%u"},
133 	{Opt_wsize, "wsize=%u"},
134 	{Opt_timeo, "timeo=%u"},
135 	{Opt_retrans, "retrans=%u"},
136 	{Opt_acregmin, "acregmin=%u"},
137 	{Opt_acregmax, "acregmax=%u"},
138 	{Opt_acdirmin, "acdirmin=%u"},
139 	{Opt_acdirmax, "acdirmax=%u"},
140 	{Opt_soft, "soft"},
141 	{Opt_hard, "hard"},
142 	{Opt_intr, "intr"},
143 	{Opt_nointr, "nointr"},
144 	{Opt_posix, "posix"},
145 	{Opt_noposix, "noposix"},
146 	{Opt_cto, "cto"},
147 	{Opt_nocto, "nocto"},
148 	{Opt_ac, "ac"},
149 	{Opt_noac, "noac"},
150 	{Opt_lock, "lock"},
151 	{Opt_nolock, "nolock"},
152 	{Opt_v2, "nfsvers=2"},
153 	{Opt_v2, "v2"},
154 	{Opt_v3, "nfsvers=3"},
155 	{Opt_v3, "v3"},
156 	{Opt_udp, "proto=udp"},
157 	{Opt_udp, "udp"},
158 	{Opt_tcp, "proto=tcp"},
159 	{Opt_tcp, "tcp"},
160 	{Opt_acl, "acl"},
161 	{Opt_noacl, "noacl"},
162 	{Opt_err, NULL}
163 
164 };
165 
166 /*
167  *  Parse option string.
168  */
169 
170 static int __init root_nfs_parse(char *name, char *buf)
171 {
172 
173 	char *p;
174 	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
175 	int option;
176 
177 	if (!name)
178 		return 1;
179 
180 	/* Set the NFS remote path */
181 	p = strsep(&name, ",");
182 	if (p[0] != '\0' && strcmp(p, "default") != 0)
183 		strlcpy(buf, p, NFS_MAXPATHLEN);
184 
185 	while ((p = strsep (&name, ",")) != NULL) {
186 		int token;
187 		if (!*p)
188 			continue;
189 		token = match_token(p, tokens, args);
190 
191 		/* %u tokens only. Beware if you add new tokens! */
192 		if (token < Opt_soft && match_int(&args[0], &option))
193 			return 0;
194 		switch (token) {
195 			case Opt_port:
196 				nfs_port = option;
197 				break;
198 			case Opt_rsize:
199 				nfs_data.rsize = option;
200 				break;
201 			case Opt_wsize:
202 				nfs_data.wsize = option;
203 				break;
204 			case Opt_timeo:
205 				nfs_data.timeo = option;
206 				break;
207 			case Opt_retrans:
208 				nfs_data.retrans = option;
209 				break;
210 			case Opt_acregmin:
211 				nfs_data.acregmin = option;
212 				break;
213 			case Opt_acregmax:
214 				nfs_data.acregmax = option;
215 				break;
216 			case Opt_acdirmin:
217 				nfs_data.acdirmin = option;
218 				break;
219 			case Opt_acdirmax:
220 				nfs_data.acdirmax = option;
221 				break;
222 			case Opt_soft:
223 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_SOFT;
224 				break;
225 			case Opt_hard:
226 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_SOFT;
227 				break;
228 			case Opt_intr:
229 			case Opt_nointr:
230 				break;
231 			case Opt_posix:
232 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_POSIX;
233 				break;
234 			case Opt_noposix:
235 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_POSIX;
236 				break;
237 			case Opt_cto:
238 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_NOCTO;
239 				break;
240 			case Opt_nocto:
241 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_NOCTO;
242 				break;
243 			case Opt_ac:
244 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_NOAC;
245 				break;
246 			case Opt_noac:
247 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_NOAC;
248 				break;
249 			case Opt_lock:
250 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_NONLM;
251 				break;
252 			case Opt_nolock:
253 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_NONLM;
254 				break;
255 			case Opt_v2:
256 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_VER3;
257 				break;
258 			case Opt_v3:
259 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_VER3;
260 				break;
261 			case Opt_udp:
262 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_TCP;
263 				break;
264 			case Opt_tcp:
265 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_TCP;
266 				break;
267 			case Opt_acl:
268 				nfs_data.flags &= ~NFS_MOUNT_NOACL;
269 				break;
270 			case Opt_noacl:
271 				nfs_data.flags |= NFS_MOUNT_NOACL;
272 				break;
273 			default:
274 				printk(KERN_WARNING "Root-NFS: unknown "
275 					"option: %s\n", p);
276 				return 0;
277 		}
278 	}
279 
280 	return 1;
281 }
282 
283 /*
284  *  Prepare the NFS data structure and parse all options.
285  */
286 static int __init root_nfs_name(char *name)
287 {
288 	static char buf[NFS_MAXPATHLEN] __initdata;
289 	char *cp;
290 
291 	/* Set some default values */
292 	memset(&nfs_data, 0, sizeof(nfs_data));
293 	nfs_port          = -1;
294 	nfs_data.version  = NFS_MOUNT_VERSION;
295 	nfs_data.flags    = NFS_MOUNT_NONLM;	/* No lockd in nfs root yet */
296 	nfs_data.rsize    = NFS_DEF_FILE_IO_SIZE;
297 	nfs_data.wsize    = NFS_DEF_FILE_IO_SIZE;
298 	nfs_data.acregmin = NFS_DEF_ACREGMIN;
299 	nfs_data.acregmax = NFS_DEF_ACREGMAX;
300 	nfs_data.acdirmin = NFS_DEF_ACDIRMIN;
301 	nfs_data.acdirmax = NFS_DEF_ACDIRMAX;
302 	strcpy(buf, NFS_ROOT);
303 
304 	/* Process options received from the remote server */
305 	root_nfs_parse(root_server_path, buf);
306 
307 	/* Override them by options set on kernel command-line */
308 	root_nfs_parse(name, buf);
309 
310 	cp = utsname()->nodename;
311 	if (strlen(buf) + strlen(cp) > NFS_MAXPATHLEN) {
312 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Pathname for remote directory too long.\n");
313 		return -1;
314 	}
315 	sprintf(nfs_path, buf, cp);
316 
317 	return 1;
318 }
319 
320 
321 /*
322  *  Get NFS server address.
323  */
324 static int __init root_nfs_addr(void)
325 {
326 	if ((servaddr = root_server_addr) == htonl(INADDR_NONE)) {
327 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: No NFS server available, giving up.\n");
328 		return -1;
329 	}
330 
331 	snprintf(nfs_data.hostname, sizeof(nfs_data.hostname),
332 		 "%u.%u.%u.%u", NIPQUAD(servaddr));
333 	return 0;
334 }
335 
336 /*
337  *  Tell the user what's going on.
338  */
339 #ifdef NFSROOT_DEBUG
340 static void __init root_nfs_print(void)
341 {
342 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS: Mounting %s on server %s as root\n",
343 		nfs_path, nfs_data.hostname);
344 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS:     rsize = %d, wsize = %d, timeo = %d, retrans = %d\n",
345 		nfs_data.rsize, nfs_data.wsize, nfs_data.timeo, nfs_data.retrans);
346 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS:     acreg (min,max) = (%d,%d), acdir (min,max) = (%d,%d)\n",
347 		nfs_data.acregmin, nfs_data.acregmax,
348 		nfs_data.acdirmin, nfs_data.acdirmax);
349 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Root-NFS:     nfsd port = %d, mountd port = %d, flags = %08x\n",
350 		nfs_port, mount_port, nfs_data.flags);
351 }
352 #endif
353 
354 
355 static int __init root_nfs_init(void)
356 {
357 #ifdef NFSROOT_DEBUG
358 	nfs_debug |= NFSDBG_ROOT;
359 #endif
360 
361 	/*
362 	 * Decode the root directory path name and NFS options from
363 	 * the kernel command line. This has to go here in order to
364 	 * be able to use the client IP address for the remote root
365 	 * directory (necessary for pure RARP booting).
366 	 */
367 	if (root_nfs_name(nfs_root_name) < 0 ||
368 	    root_nfs_addr() < 0)
369 		return -1;
370 
371 #ifdef NFSROOT_DEBUG
372 	root_nfs_print();
373 #endif
374 
375 	return 0;
376 }
377 
378 
379 /*
380  *  Parse NFS server and directory information passed on the kernel
381  *  command line.
382  */
383 static int __init nfs_root_setup(char *line)
384 {
385 	ROOT_DEV = Root_NFS;
386 	if (line[0] == '/' || line[0] == ',' || (line[0] >= '0' && line[0] <= '9')) {
387 		strlcpy(nfs_root_name, line, sizeof(nfs_root_name));
388 	} else {
389 		int n = strlen(line) + sizeof(NFS_ROOT) - 1;
390 		if (n >= sizeof(nfs_root_name))
391 			line[sizeof(nfs_root_name) - sizeof(NFS_ROOT) - 2] = '\0';
392 		sprintf(nfs_root_name, NFS_ROOT, line);
393 	}
394 	root_server_addr = root_nfs_parse_addr(nfs_root_name);
395 	return 1;
396 }
397 
398 __setup("nfsroot=", nfs_root_setup);
399 
400 /***************************************************************************
401 
402 	       Routines to actually mount the root directory
403 
404  ***************************************************************************/
405 
406 /*
407  *  Construct sockaddr_in from address and port number.
408  */
409 static inline void
410 set_sockaddr(struct sockaddr_in *sin, __be32 addr, __be16 port)
411 {
412 	sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
413 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = addr;
414 	sin->sin_port = port;
415 }
416 
417 /*
418  *  Query server portmapper for the port of a daemon program.
419  */
420 static int __init root_nfs_getport(int program, int version, int proto)
421 {
422 	struct sockaddr_in sin;
423 
424 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Looking up port of RPC %d/%d on %u.%u.%u.%u\n",
425 		program, version, NIPQUAD(servaddr));
426 	set_sockaddr(&sin, servaddr, 0);
427 	return rpcb_getport_sync(&sin, program, version, proto);
428 }
429 
430 
431 /*
432  *  Use portmapper to find mountd and nfsd port numbers if not overriden
433  *  by the user. Use defaults if portmapper is not available.
434  *  XXX: Is there any nfs server with no portmapper?
435  */
436 static int __init root_nfs_ports(void)
437 {
438 	int port;
439 	int nfsd_ver, mountd_ver;
440 	int nfsd_port, mountd_port;
441 	int proto;
442 
443 	if (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) {
444 		nfsd_ver = NFS3_VERSION;
445 		mountd_ver = NFS_MNT3_VERSION;
446 		nfsd_port = NFS_PORT;
447 		mountd_port = NFS_MNT_PORT;
448 	} else {
449 		nfsd_ver = NFS2_VERSION;
450 		mountd_ver = NFS_MNT_VERSION;
451 		nfsd_port = NFS_PORT;
452 		mountd_port = NFS_MNT_PORT;
453 	}
454 
455 	proto = (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_TCP) ? IPPROTO_TCP : IPPROTO_UDP;
456 
457 	if (nfs_port < 0) {
458 		if ((port = root_nfs_getport(NFS_PROGRAM, nfsd_ver, proto)) < 0) {
459 			printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Unable to get nfsd port "
460 					"number from server, using default\n");
461 			port = nfsd_port;
462 		}
463 		nfs_port = port;
464 		dprintk("Root-NFS: Portmapper on server returned %d "
465 			"as nfsd port\n", port);
466 	}
467 
468 	if ((port = root_nfs_getport(NFS_MNT_PROGRAM, mountd_ver, proto)) < 0) {
469 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Unable to get mountd port "
470 				"number from server, using default\n");
471 		port = mountd_port;
472 	}
473 	mount_port = port;
474 	dprintk("Root-NFS: mountd port is %d\n", port);
475 
476 	return 0;
477 }
478 
479 
480 /*
481  *  Get a file handle from the server for the directory which is to be
482  *  mounted.
483  */
484 static int __init root_nfs_get_handle(void)
485 {
486 	struct nfs_fh fh;
487 	struct sockaddr_in sin;
488 	int status;
489 	int protocol = (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_TCP) ?
490 					XPRT_TRANSPORT_TCP : XPRT_TRANSPORT_UDP;
491 	int version = (nfs_data.flags & NFS_MOUNT_VER3) ?
492 					NFS_MNT3_VERSION : NFS_MNT_VERSION;
493 
494 	set_sockaddr(&sin, servaddr, htons(mount_port));
495 	status = nfs_mount((struct sockaddr *) &sin, sizeof(sin), NULL,
496 			   nfs_path, version, protocol, &fh);
497 	if (status < 0)
498 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: Server returned error %d "
499 				"while mounting %s\n", status, nfs_path);
500 	else {
501 		nfs_data.root.size = fh.size;
502 		memcpy(nfs_data.root.data, fh.data, fh.size);
503 	}
504 
505 	return status;
506 }
507 
508 /*
509  *  Get the NFS port numbers and file handle, and return the prepared 'data'
510  *  argument for mount() if everything went OK. Return NULL otherwise.
511  */
512 void * __init nfs_root_data(void)
513 {
514 	if (root_nfs_init() < 0
515 	 || root_nfs_ports() < 0
516 	 || root_nfs_get_handle() < 0)
517 		return NULL;
518 	set_sockaddr((struct sockaddr_in *) &nfs_data.addr, servaddr, htons(nfs_port));
519 	return (void*)&nfs_data;
520 }
521