xref: /openbmc/linux/fs/jbd2/recovery.c (revision e40573a4)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * linux/fs/jbd2/recovery.c
4  *
5  * Written by Stephen C. Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>, 1999
6  *
7  * Copyright 1999-2000 Red Hat Software --- All Rights Reserved
8  *
9  * Journal recovery routines for the generic filesystem journaling code;
10  * part of the ext2fs journaling system.
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef __KERNEL__
14 #include "jfs_user.h"
15 #else
16 #include <linux/time.h>
17 #include <linux/fs.h>
18 #include <linux/jbd2.h>
19 #include <linux/errno.h>
20 #include <linux/crc32.h>
21 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
22 #endif
23 
24 /*
25  * Maintain information about the progress of the recovery job, so that
26  * the different passes can carry information between them.
27  */
28 struct recovery_info
29 {
30 	tid_t		start_transaction;
31 	tid_t		end_transaction;
32 
33 	int		nr_replays;
34 	int		nr_revokes;
35 	int		nr_revoke_hits;
36 };
37 
38 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
39 				struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass);
40 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *, struct buffer_head *,
41 				tid_t, struct recovery_info *);
42 
43 #ifdef __KERNEL__
44 
45 /* Release readahead buffers after use */
46 static void journal_brelse_array(struct buffer_head *b[], int n)
47 {
48 	while (--n >= 0)
49 		brelse (b[n]);
50 }
51 
52 
53 /*
54  * When reading from the journal, we are going through the block device
55  * layer directly and so there is no readahead being done for us.  We
56  * need to implement any readahead ourselves if we want it to happen at
57  * all.  Recovery is basically one long sequential read, so make sure we
58  * do the IO in reasonably large chunks.
59  *
60  * This is not so critical that we need to be enormously clever about
61  * the readahead size, though.  128K is a purely arbitrary, good-enough
62  * fixed value.
63  */
64 
65 #define MAXBUF 8
66 static int do_readahead(journal_t *journal, unsigned int start)
67 {
68 	int err;
69 	unsigned int max, nbufs, next;
70 	unsigned long long blocknr;
71 	struct buffer_head *bh;
72 
73 	struct buffer_head * bufs[MAXBUF];
74 
75 	/* Do up to 128K of readahead */
76 	max = start + (128 * 1024 / journal->j_blocksize);
77 	if (max > journal->j_total_len)
78 		max = journal->j_total_len;
79 
80 	/* Do the readahead itself.  We'll submit MAXBUF buffer_heads at
81 	 * a time to the block device IO layer. */
82 
83 	nbufs = 0;
84 
85 	for (next = start; next < max; next++) {
86 		err = jbd2_journal_bmap(journal, next, &blocknr);
87 
88 		if (err) {
89 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: bad block at offset %u\n",
90 				next);
91 			goto failed;
92 		}
93 
94 		bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
95 		if (!bh) {
96 			err = -ENOMEM;
97 			goto failed;
98 		}
99 
100 		if (!buffer_uptodate(bh) && !buffer_locked(bh)) {
101 			bufs[nbufs++] = bh;
102 			if (nbufs == MAXBUF) {
103 				ll_rw_block(REQ_OP_READ, nbufs, bufs);
104 				journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
105 				nbufs = 0;
106 			}
107 		} else
108 			brelse(bh);
109 	}
110 
111 	if (nbufs)
112 		ll_rw_block(REQ_OP_READ, nbufs, bufs);
113 	err = 0;
114 
115 failed:
116 	if (nbufs)
117 		journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
118 	return err;
119 }
120 
121 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
122 
123 
124 /*
125  * Read a block from the journal
126  */
127 
128 static int jread(struct buffer_head **bhp, journal_t *journal,
129 		 unsigned int offset)
130 {
131 	int err;
132 	unsigned long long blocknr;
133 	struct buffer_head *bh;
134 
135 	*bhp = NULL;
136 
137 	if (offset >= journal->j_total_len) {
138 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: corrupted journal superblock\n");
139 		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
140 	}
141 
142 	err = jbd2_journal_bmap(journal, offset, &blocknr);
143 
144 	if (err) {
145 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: bad block at offset %u\n",
146 			offset);
147 		return err;
148 	}
149 
150 	bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
151 	if (!bh)
152 		return -ENOMEM;
153 
154 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
155 		/* If this is a brand new buffer, start readahead.
156                    Otherwise, we assume we are already reading it.  */
157 		if (!buffer_req(bh))
158 			do_readahead(journal, offset);
159 		wait_on_buffer(bh);
160 	}
161 
162 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
163 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: Failed to read block at offset %u\n",
164 			offset);
165 		brelse(bh);
166 		return -EIO;
167 	}
168 
169 	*bhp = bh;
170 	return 0;
171 }
172 
173 static int jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal_t *j, void *buf)
174 {
175 	struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *tail;
176 	__be32 provided;
177 	__u32 calculated;
178 
179 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
180 		return 1;
181 
182 	tail = (struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *)((char *)buf +
183 		j->j_blocksize - sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail));
184 	provided = tail->t_checksum;
185 	tail->t_checksum = 0;
186 	calculated = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, buf, j->j_blocksize);
187 	tail->t_checksum = provided;
188 
189 	return provided == cpu_to_be32(calculated);
190 }
191 
192 /*
193  * Count the number of in-use tags in a journal descriptor block.
194  */
195 
196 static int count_tags(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh)
197 {
198 	char *			tagp;
199 	journal_block_tag_t	tag;
200 	int			nr = 0, size = journal->j_blocksize;
201 	int			tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
202 
203 	if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
204 		size -= sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
205 
206 	tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
207 
208 	while ((tagp - bh->b_data + tag_bytes) <= size) {
209 		memcpy(&tag, tagp, sizeof(tag));
210 
211 		nr++;
212 		tagp += tag_bytes;
213 		if (!(tag.t_flags & cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID)))
214 			tagp += 16;
215 
216 		if (tag.t_flags & cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG))
217 			break;
218 	}
219 
220 	return nr;
221 }
222 
223 
224 /* Make sure we wrap around the log correctly! */
225 #define wrap(journal, var)						\
226 do {									\
227 	unsigned long _wrap_last =					\
228 		jbd2_has_feature_fast_commit(journal) ?			\
229 			(journal)->j_fc_last : (journal)->j_last;	\
230 									\
231 	if (var >= _wrap_last)						\
232 		var -= (_wrap_last - (journal)->j_first);		\
233 } while (0)
234 
235 static int fc_do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
236 			  struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass)
237 {
238 	unsigned int expected_commit_id = info->end_transaction;
239 	unsigned long next_fc_block;
240 	struct buffer_head *bh;
241 	int err = 0;
242 
243 	next_fc_block = journal->j_fc_first;
244 	if (!journal->j_fc_replay_callback)
245 		return 0;
246 
247 	while (next_fc_block <= journal->j_fc_last) {
248 		jbd2_debug(3, "Fast commit replay: next block %ld\n",
249 			  next_fc_block);
250 		err = jread(&bh, journal, next_fc_block);
251 		if (err) {
252 			jbd2_debug(3, "Fast commit replay: read error\n");
253 			break;
254 		}
255 
256 		err = journal->j_fc_replay_callback(journal, bh, pass,
257 					next_fc_block - journal->j_fc_first,
258 					expected_commit_id);
259 		next_fc_block++;
260 		if (err < 0 || err == JBD2_FC_REPLAY_STOP)
261 			break;
262 		err = 0;
263 	}
264 
265 	if (err)
266 		jbd2_debug(3, "Fast commit replay failed, err = %d\n", err);
267 
268 	return err;
269 }
270 
271 /**
272  * jbd2_journal_recover - recovers a on-disk journal
273  * @journal: the journal to recover
274  *
275  * The primary function for recovering the log contents when mounting a
276  * journaled device.
277  *
278  * Recovery is done in three passes.  In the first pass, we look for the
279  * end of the log.  In the second, we assemble the list of revoke
280  * blocks.  In the third and final pass, we replay any un-revoked blocks
281  * in the log.
282  */
283 int jbd2_journal_recover(journal_t *journal)
284 {
285 	int			err, err2;
286 	journal_superblock_t *	sb;
287 
288 	struct recovery_info	info;
289 
290 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
291 	sb = journal->j_superblock;
292 
293 	/*
294 	 * The journal superblock's s_start field (the current log head)
295 	 * is always zero if, and only if, the journal was cleanly
296 	 * unmounted.
297 	 */
298 
299 	if (!sb->s_start) {
300 		jbd2_debug(1, "No recovery required, last transaction %d\n",
301 			  be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence));
302 		journal->j_transaction_sequence = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence) + 1;
303 		return 0;
304 	}
305 
306 	err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
307 	if (!err)
308 		err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REVOKE);
309 	if (!err)
310 		err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REPLAY);
311 
312 	jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: recovery, exit status %d, "
313 		  "recovered transactions %u to %u\n",
314 		  err, info.start_transaction, info.end_transaction);
315 	jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: Replayed %d and revoked %d/%d blocks\n",
316 		  info.nr_replays, info.nr_revoke_hits, info.nr_revokes);
317 
318 	/* Restart the log at the next transaction ID, thus invalidating
319 	 * any existing commit records in the log. */
320 	journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
321 
322 	jbd2_journal_clear_revoke(journal);
323 	err2 = sync_blockdev(journal->j_fs_dev);
324 	if (!err)
325 		err = err2;
326 	/* Make sure all replayed data is on permanent storage */
327 	if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER) {
328 		err2 = blkdev_issue_flush(journal->j_fs_dev);
329 		if (!err)
330 			err = err2;
331 	}
332 	return err;
333 }
334 
335 /**
336  * jbd2_journal_skip_recovery - Start journal and wipe exiting records
337  * @journal: journal to startup
338  *
339  * Locate any valid recovery information from the journal and set up the
340  * journal structures in memory to ignore it (presumably because the
341  * caller has evidence that it is out of date).
342  * This function doesn't appear to be exported..
343  *
344  * We perform one pass over the journal to allow us to tell the user how
345  * much recovery information is being erased, and to let us initialise
346  * the journal transaction sequence numbers to the next unused ID.
347  */
348 int jbd2_journal_skip_recovery(journal_t *journal)
349 {
350 	int			err;
351 
352 	struct recovery_info	info;
353 
354 	memset (&info, 0, sizeof(info));
355 
356 	err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
357 
358 	if (err) {
359 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: error %d scanning journal\n", err);
360 		++journal->j_transaction_sequence;
361 	} else {
362 #ifdef CONFIG_JBD2_DEBUG
363 		int dropped = info.end_transaction -
364 			be32_to_cpu(journal->j_superblock->s_sequence);
365 		jbd2_debug(1,
366 			  "JBD2: ignoring %d transaction%s from the journal.\n",
367 			  dropped, (dropped == 1) ? "" : "s");
368 #endif
369 		journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
370 	}
371 
372 	journal->j_tail = 0;
373 	return err;
374 }
375 
376 static inline unsigned long long read_tag_block(journal_t *journal,
377 						journal_block_tag_t *tag)
378 {
379 	unsigned long long block = be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr);
380 	if (jbd2_has_feature_64bit(journal))
381 		block |= (u64)be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr_high) << 32;
382 	return block;
383 }
384 
385 /*
386  * calc_chksums calculates the checksums for the blocks described in the
387  * descriptor block.
388  */
389 static int calc_chksums(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh,
390 			unsigned long *next_log_block, __u32 *crc32_sum)
391 {
392 	int i, num_blks, err;
393 	unsigned long io_block;
394 	struct buffer_head *obh;
395 
396 	num_blks = count_tags(journal, bh);
397 	/* Calculate checksum of the descriptor block. */
398 	*crc32_sum = crc32_be(*crc32_sum, (void *)bh->b_data, bh->b_size);
399 
400 	for (i = 0; i < num_blks; i++) {
401 		io_block = (*next_log_block)++;
402 		wrap(journal, *next_log_block);
403 		err = jread(&obh, journal, io_block);
404 		if (err) {
405 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: IO error %d recovering block "
406 				"%lu in log\n", err, io_block);
407 			return 1;
408 		} else {
409 			*crc32_sum = crc32_be(*crc32_sum, (void *)obh->b_data,
410 				     obh->b_size);
411 		}
412 		put_bh(obh);
413 	}
414 	return 0;
415 }
416 
417 static int jbd2_commit_block_csum_verify(journal_t *j, void *buf)
418 {
419 	struct commit_header *h;
420 	__be32 provided;
421 	__u32 calculated;
422 
423 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
424 		return 1;
425 
426 	h = buf;
427 	provided = h->h_chksum[0];
428 	h->h_chksum[0] = 0;
429 	calculated = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, buf, j->j_blocksize);
430 	h->h_chksum[0] = provided;
431 
432 	return provided == cpu_to_be32(calculated);
433 }
434 
435 static int jbd2_block_tag_csum_verify(journal_t *j, journal_block_tag_t *tag,
436 				      journal_block_tag3_t *tag3,
437 				      void *buf, __u32 sequence)
438 {
439 	__u32 csum32;
440 	__be32 seq;
441 
442 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
443 		return 1;
444 
445 	seq = cpu_to_be32(sequence);
446 	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, (__u8 *)&seq, sizeof(seq));
447 	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, csum32, buf, j->j_blocksize);
448 
449 	if (jbd2_has_feature_csum3(j))
450 		return tag3->t_checksum == cpu_to_be32(csum32);
451 	else
452 		return tag->t_checksum == cpu_to_be16(csum32);
453 }
454 
455 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
456 			struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass)
457 {
458 	unsigned int		first_commit_ID, next_commit_ID;
459 	unsigned long		next_log_block;
460 	int			err, success = 0;
461 	journal_superblock_t *	sb;
462 	journal_header_t *	tmp;
463 	struct buffer_head *	bh;
464 	unsigned int		sequence;
465 	int			blocktype;
466 	int			tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
467 	__u32			crc32_sum = ~0; /* Transactional Checksums */
468 	int			descr_csum_size = 0;
469 	int			block_error = 0;
470 	bool			need_check_commit_time = false;
471 	__u64			last_trans_commit_time = 0, commit_time;
472 
473 	/*
474 	 * First thing is to establish what we expect to find in the log
475 	 * (in terms of transaction IDs), and where (in terms of log
476 	 * block offsets): query the superblock.
477 	 */
478 
479 	sb = journal->j_superblock;
480 	next_commit_ID = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence);
481 	next_log_block = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_start);
482 
483 	first_commit_ID = next_commit_ID;
484 	if (pass == PASS_SCAN)
485 		info->start_transaction = first_commit_ID;
486 
487 	jbd2_debug(1, "Starting recovery pass %d\n", pass);
488 
489 	/*
490 	 * Now we walk through the log, transaction by transaction,
491 	 * making sure that each transaction has a commit block in the
492 	 * expected place.  Each complete transaction gets replayed back
493 	 * into the main filesystem.
494 	 */
495 
496 	while (1) {
497 		int			flags;
498 		char *			tagp;
499 		journal_block_tag_t	tag;
500 		struct buffer_head *	obh;
501 		struct buffer_head *	nbh;
502 
503 		cond_resched();
504 
505 		/* If we already know where to stop the log traversal,
506 		 * check right now that we haven't gone past the end of
507 		 * the log. */
508 
509 		if (pass != PASS_SCAN)
510 			if (tid_geq(next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction))
511 				break;
512 
513 		jbd2_debug(2, "Scanning for sequence ID %u at %lu/%lu\n",
514 			  next_commit_ID, next_log_block,
515 			  jbd2_has_feature_fast_commit(journal) ?
516 			  journal->j_fc_last : journal->j_last);
517 
518 		/* Skip over each chunk of the transaction looking
519 		 * either the next descriptor block or the final commit
520 		 * record. */
521 
522 		jbd2_debug(3, "JBD2: checking block %ld\n", next_log_block);
523 		err = jread(&bh, journal, next_log_block);
524 		if (err)
525 			goto failed;
526 
527 		next_log_block++;
528 		wrap(journal, next_log_block);
529 
530 		/* What kind of buffer is it?
531 		 *
532 		 * If it is a descriptor block, check that it has the
533 		 * expected sequence number.  Otherwise, we're all done
534 		 * here. */
535 
536 		tmp = (journal_header_t *)bh->b_data;
537 
538 		if (tmp->h_magic != cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER)) {
539 			brelse(bh);
540 			break;
541 		}
542 
543 		blocktype = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_blocktype);
544 		sequence = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_sequence);
545 		jbd2_debug(3, "Found magic %d, sequence %d\n",
546 			  blocktype, sequence);
547 
548 		if (sequence != next_commit_ID) {
549 			brelse(bh);
550 			break;
551 		}
552 
553 		/* OK, we have a valid descriptor block which matches
554 		 * all of the sequence number checks.  What are we going
555 		 * to do with it?  That depends on the pass... */
556 
557 		switch(blocktype) {
558 		case JBD2_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK:
559 			/* Verify checksum first */
560 			if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
561 				descr_csum_size =
562 					sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
563 			if (descr_csum_size > 0 &&
564 			    !jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal,
565 							       bh->b_data)) {
566 				/*
567 				 * PASS_SCAN can see stale blocks due to lazy
568 				 * journal init. Don't error out on those yet.
569 				 */
570 				if (pass != PASS_SCAN) {
571 					pr_err("JBD2: Invalid checksum recovering block %lu in log\n",
572 					       next_log_block);
573 					err = -EFSBADCRC;
574 					brelse(bh);
575 					goto failed;
576 				}
577 				need_check_commit_time = true;
578 				jbd2_debug(1,
579 					"invalid descriptor block found in %lu\n",
580 					next_log_block);
581 			}
582 
583 			/* If it is a valid descriptor block, replay it
584 			 * in pass REPLAY; if journal_checksums enabled, then
585 			 * calculate checksums in PASS_SCAN, otherwise,
586 			 * just skip over the blocks it describes. */
587 			if (pass != PASS_REPLAY) {
588 				if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
589 				    jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal) &&
590 				    !need_check_commit_time &&
591 				    !info->end_transaction) {
592 					if (calc_chksums(journal, bh,
593 							&next_log_block,
594 							&crc32_sum)) {
595 						put_bh(bh);
596 						break;
597 					}
598 					put_bh(bh);
599 					continue;
600 				}
601 				next_log_block += count_tags(journal, bh);
602 				wrap(journal, next_log_block);
603 				put_bh(bh);
604 				continue;
605 			}
606 
607 			/* A descriptor block: we can now write all of
608 			 * the data blocks.  Yay, useful work is finally
609 			 * getting done here! */
610 
611 			tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
612 			while ((tagp - bh->b_data + tag_bytes)
613 			       <= journal->j_blocksize - descr_csum_size) {
614 				unsigned long io_block;
615 
616 				memcpy(&tag, tagp, sizeof(tag));
617 				flags = be16_to_cpu(tag.t_flags);
618 
619 				io_block = next_log_block++;
620 				wrap(journal, next_log_block);
621 				err = jread(&obh, journal, io_block);
622 				if (err) {
623 					/* Recover what we can, but
624 					 * report failure at the end. */
625 					success = err;
626 					printk(KERN_ERR
627 						"JBD2: IO error %d recovering "
628 						"block %ld in log\n",
629 						err, io_block);
630 				} else {
631 					unsigned long long blocknr;
632 
633 					J_ASSERT(obh != NULL);
634 					blocknr = read_tag_block(journal,
635 								 &tag);
636 
637 					/* If the block has been
638 					 * revoked, then we're all done
639 					 * here. */
640 					if (jbd2_journal_test_revoke
641 					    (journal, blocknr,
642 					     next_commit_ID)) {
643 						brelse(obh);
644 						++info->nr_revoke_hits;
645 						goto skip_write;
646 					}
647 
648 					/* Look for block corruption */
649 					if (!jbd2_block_tag_csum_verify(
650 			journal, &tag, (journal_block_tag3_t *)tagp,
651 			obh->b_data, be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_sequence))) {
652 						brelse(obh);
653 						success = -EFSBADCRC;
654 						printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: Invalid "
655 						       "checksum recovering "
656 						       "data block %llu in "
657 						       "log\n", blocknr);
658 						block_error = 1;
659 						goto skip_write;
660 					}
661 
662 					/* Find a buffer for the new
663 					 * data being restored */
664 					nbh = __getblk(journal->j_fs_dev,
665 							blocknr,
666 							journal->j_blocksize);
667 					if (nbh == NULL) {
668 						printk(KERN_ERR
669 						       "JBD2: Out of memory "
670 						       "during recovery.\n");
671 						err = -ENOMEM;
672 						brelse(bh);
673 						brelse(obh);
674 						goto failed;
675 					}
676 
677 					lock_buffer(nbh);
678 					memcpy(nbh->b_data, obh->b_data,
679 							journal->j_blocksize);
680 					if (flags & JBD2_FLAG_ESCAPE) {
681 						*((__be32 *)nbh->b_data) =
682 						cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER);
683 					}
684 
685 					BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking dirty");
686 					set_buffer_uptodate(nbh);
687 					mark_buffer_dirty(nbh);
688 					BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking uptodate");
689 					++info->nr_replays;
690 					/* ll_rw_block(WRITE, 1, &nbh); */
691 					unlock_buffer(nbh);
692 					brelse(obh);
693 					brelse(nbh);
694 				}
695 
696 			skip_write:
697 				tagp += tag_bytes;
698 				if (!(flags & JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID))
699 					tagp += 16;
700 
701 				if (flags & JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG)
702 					break;
703 			}
704 
705 			brelse(bh);
706 			continue;
707 
708 		case JBD2_COMMIT_BLOCK:
709 			/*     How to differentiate between interrupted commit
710 			 *               and journal corruption ?
711 			 *
712 			 * {nth transaction}
713 			 *        Checksum Verification Failed
714 			 *			 |
715 			 *		 ____________________
716 			 *		|		     |
717 			 * 	async_commit             sync_commit
718 			 *     		|                    |
719 			 *		| GO TO NEXT    "Journal Corruption"
720 			 *		| TRANSACTION
721 			 *		|
722 			 * {(n+1)th transanction}
723 			 *		|
724 			 * 	 _______|______________
725 			 * 	|	 	      |
726 			 * Commit block found	Commit block not found
727 			 *      |		      |
728 			 * "Journal Corruption"       |
729 			 *		 _____________|_________
730 			 *     		|	           	|
731 			 *	nth trans corrupt	OR   nth trans
732 			 *	and (n+1)th interrupted     interrupted
733 			 *	before commit block
734 			 *      could reach the disk.
735 			 *	(Cannot find the difference in above
736 			 *	 mentioned conditions. Hence assume
737 			 *	 "Interrupted Commit".)
738 			 */
739 			commit_time = be64_to_cpu(
740 				((struct commit_header *)bh->b_data)->h_commit_sec);
741 			/*
742 			 * If need_check_commit_time is set, it means we are in
743 			 * PASS_SCAN and csum verify failed before. If
744 			 * commit_time is increasing, it's the same journal,
745 			 * otherwise it is stale journal block, just end this
746 			 * recovery.
747 			 */
748 			if (need_check_commit_time) {
749 				if (commit_time >= last_trans_commit_time) {
750 					pr_err("JBD2: Invalid checksum found in transaction %u\n",
751 					       next_commit_ID);
752 					err = -EFSBADCRC;
753 					brelse(bh);
754 					goto failed;
755 				}
756 			ignore_crc_mismatch:
757 				/*
758 				 * It likely does not belong to same journal,
759 				 * just end this recovery with success.
760 				 */
761 				jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: Invalid checksum ignored in transaction %u, likely stale data\n",
762 					  next_commit_ID);
763 				brelse(bh);
764 				goto done;
765 			}
766 
767 			/*
768 			 * Found an expected commit block: if checksums
769 			 * are present, verify them in PASS_SCAN; else not
770 			 * much to do other than move on to the next sequence
771 			 * number.
772 			 */
773 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
774 			    jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal)) {
775 				struct commit_header *cbh =
776 					(struct commit_header *)bh->b_data;
777 				unsigned found_chksum =
778 					be32_to_cpu(cbh->h_chksum[0]);
779 
780 				if (info->end_transaction) {
781 					journal->j_failed_commit =
782 						info->end_transaction;
783 					brelse(bh);
784 					break;
785 				}
786 
787 				/* Neither checksum match nor unused? */
788 				if (!((crc32_sum == found_chksum &&
789 				       cbh->h_chksum_type ==
790 						JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM &&
791 				       cbh->h_chksum_size ==
792 						JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM_SIZE) ||
793 				      (cbh->h_chksum_type == 0 &&
794 				       cbh->h_chksum_size == 0 &&
795 				       found_chksum == 0)))
796 					goto chksum_error;
797 
798 				crc32_sum = ~0;
799 			}
800 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
801 			    !jbd2_commit_block_csum_verify(journal,
802 							   bh->b_data)) {
803 			chksum_error:
804 				if (commit_time < last_trans_commit_time)
805 					goto ignore_crc_mismatch;
806 				info->end_transaction = next_commit_ID;
807 
808 				if (!jbd2_has_feature_async_commit(journal)) {
809 					journal->j_failed_commit =
810 						next_commit_ID;
811 					brelse(bh);
812 					break;
813 				}
814 			}
815 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN)
816 				last_trans_commit_time = commit_time;
817 			brelse(bh);
818 			next_commit_ID++;
819 			continue;
820 
821 		case JBD2_REVOKE_BLOCK:
822 			/*
823 			 * Check revoke block crc in pass_scan, if csum verify
824 			 * failed, check commit block time later.
825 			 */
826 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
827 			    !jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal,
828 							       bh->b_data)) {
829 				jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: invalid revoke block found in %lu\n",
830 					  next_log_block);
831 				need_check_commit_time = true;
832 			}
833 			/* If we aren't in the REVOKE pass, then we can
834 			 * just skip over this block. */
835 			if (pass != PASS_REVOKE) {
836 				brelse(bh);
837 				continue;
838 			}
839 
840 			err = scan_revoke_records(journal, bh,
841 						  next_commit_ID, info);
842 			brelse(bh);
843 			if (err)
844 				goto failed;
845 			continue;
846 
847 		default:
848 			jbd2_debug(3, "Unrecognised magic %d, end of scan.\n",
849 				  blocktype);
850 			brelse(bh);
851 			goto done;
852 		}
853 	}
854 
855  done:
856 	/*
857 	 * We broke out of the log scan loop: either we came to the
858 	 * known end of the log or we found an unexpected block in the
859 	 * log.  If the latter happened, then we know that the "current"
860 	 * transaction marks the end of the valid log.
861 	 */
862 
863 	if (pass == PASS_SCAN) {
864 		if (!info->end_transaction)
865 			info->end_transaction = next_commit_ID;
866 	} else {
867 		/* It's really bad news if different passes end up at
868 		 * different places (but possible due to IO errors). */
869 		if (info->end_transaction != next_commit_ID) {
870 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: recovery pass %d ended at "
871 				"transaction %u, expected %u\n",
872 				pass, next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction);
873 			if (!success)
874 				success = -EIO;
875 		}
876 	}
877 
878 	if (jbd2_has_feature_fast_commit(journal) &&  pass != PASS_REVOKE) {
879 		err = fc_do_one_pass(journal, info, pass);
880 		if (err)
881 			success = err;
882 	}
883 
884 	if (block_error && success == 0)
885 		success = -EIO;
886 	return success;
887 
888  failed:
889 	return err;
890 }
891 
892 /* Scan a revoke record, marking all blocks mentioned as revoked. */
893 
894 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh,
895 			       tid_t sequence, struct recovery_info *info)
896 {
897 	jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *header;
898 	int offset, max;
899 	unsigned csum_size = 0;
900 	__u32 rcount;
901 	int record_len = 4;
902 
903 	header = (jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *) bh->b_data;
904 	offset = sizeof(jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t);
905 	rcount = be32_to_cpu(header->r_count);
906 
907 	if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
908 		csum_size = sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
909 	if (rcount > journal->j_blocksize - csum_size)
910 		return -EINVAL;
911 	max = rcount;
912 
913 	if (jbd2_has_feature_64bit(journal))
914 		record_len = 8;
915 
916 	while (offset + record_len <= max) {
917 		unsigned long long blocknr;
918 		int err;
919 
920 		if (record_len == 4)
921 			blocknr = be32_to_cpu(* ((__be32 *) (bh->b_data+offset)));
922 		else
923 			blocknr = be64_to_cpu(* ((__be64 *) (bh->b_data+offset)));
924 		offset += record_len;
925 		err = jbd2_journal_set_revoke(journal, blocknr, sequence);
926 		if (err)
927 			return err;
928 		++info->nr_revokes;
929 	}
930 	return 0;
931 }
932