xref: /openbmc/linux/fs/jbd2/recovery.c (revision 2208f39c)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * linux/fs/jbd2/recovery.c
4  *
5  * Written by Stephen C. Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>, 1999
6  *
7  * Copyright 1999-2000 Red Hat Software --- All Rights Reserved
8  *
9  * Journal recovery routines for the generic filesystem journaling code;
10  * part of the ext2fs journaling system.
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef __KERNEL__
14 #include "jfs_user.h"
15 #else
16 #include <linux/time.h>
17 #include <linux/fs.h>
18 #include <linux/jbd2.h>
19 #include <linux/errno.h>
20 #include <linux/crc32.h>
21 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
22 #endif
23 
24 /*
25  * Maintain information about the progress of the recovery job, so that
26  * the different passes can carry information between them.
27  */
28 struct recovery_info
29 {
30 	tid_t		start_transaction;
31 	tid_t		end_transaction;
32 
33 	int		nr_replays;
34 	int		nr_revokes;
35 	int		nr_revoke_hits;
36 };
37 
38 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
39 				struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass);
40 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *, struct buffer_head *,
41 				tid_t, struct recovery_info *);
42 
43 #ifdef __KERNEL__
44 
45 /* Release readahead buffers after use */
46 static void journal_brelse_array(struct buffer_head *b[], int n)
47 {
48 	while (--n >= 0)
49 		brelse (b[n]);
50 }
51 
52 
53 /*
54  * When reading from the journal, we are going through the block device
55  * layer directly and so there is no readahead being done for us.  We
56  * need to implement any readahead ourselves if we want it to happen at
57  * all.  Recovery is basically one long sequential read, so make sure we
58  * do the IO in reasonably large chunks.
59  *
60  * This is not so critical that we need to be enormously clever about
61  * the readahead size, though.  128K is a purely arbitrary, good-enough
62  * fixed value.
63  */
64 
65 #define MAXBUF 8
66 static int do_readahead(journal_t *journal, unsigned int start)
67 {
68 	int err;
69 	unsigned int max, nbufs, next;
70 	unsigned long long blocknr;
71 	struct buffer_head *bh;
72 
73 	struct buffer_head * bufs[MAXBUF];
74 
75 	/* Do up to 128K of readahead */
76 	max = start + (128 * 1024 / journal->j_blocksize);
77 	if (max > journal->j_maxlen)
78 		max = journal->j_maxlen;
79 
80 	/* Do the readahead itself.  We'll submit MAXBUF buffer_heads at
81 	 * a time to the block device IO layer. */
82 
83 	nbufs = 0;
84 
85 	for (next = start; next < max; next++) {
86 		err = jbd2_journal_bmap(journal, next, &blocknr);
87 
88 		if (err) {
89 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: bad block at offset %u\n",
90 				next);
91 			goto failed;
92 		}
93 
94 		bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
95 		if (!bh) {
96 			err = -ENOMEM;
97 			goto failed;
98 		}
99 
100 		if (!buffer_uptodate(bh) && !buffer_locked(bh)) {
101 			bufs[nbufs++] = bh;
102 			if (nbufs == MAXBUF) {
103 				ll_rw_block(REQ_OP_READ, 0, nbufs, bufs);
104 				journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
105 				nbufs = 0;
106 			}
107 		} else
108 			brelse(bh);
109 	}
110 
111 	if (nbufs)
112 		ll_rw_block(REQ_OP_READ, 0, nbufs, bufs);
113 	err = 0;
114 
115 failed:
116 	if (nbufs)
117 		journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
118 	return err;
119 }
120 
121 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
122 
123 
124 /*
125  * Read a block from the journal
126  */
127 
128 static int jread(struct buffer_head **bhp, journal_t *journal,
129 		 unsigned int offset)
130 {
131 	int err;
132 	unsigned long long blocknr;
133 	struct buffer_head *bh;
134 
135 	*bhp = NULL;
136 
137 	if (offset >= journal->j_maxlen) {
138 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: corrupted journal superblock\n");
139 		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
140 	}
141 
142 	err = jbd2_journal_bmap(journal, offset, &blocknr);
143 
144 	if (err) {
145 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: bad block at offset %u\n",
146 			offset);
147 		return err;
148 	}
149 
150 	bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
151 	if (!bh)
152 		return -ENOMEM;
153 
154 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
155 		/* If this is a brand new buffer, start readahead.
156                    Otherwise, we assume we are already reading it.  */
157 		if (!buffer_req(bh))
158 			do_readahead(journal, offset);
159 		wait_on_buffer(bh);
160 	}
161 
162 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
163 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: Failed to read block at offset %u\n",
164 			offset);
165 		brelse(bh);
166 		return -EIO;
167 	}
168 
169 	*bhp = bh;
170 	return 0;
171 }
172 
173 static int jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal_t *j, void *buf)
174 {
175 	struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *tail;
176 	__be32 provided;
177 	__u32 calculated;
178 
179 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
180 		return 1;
181 
182 	tail = (struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *)(buf + j->j_blocksize -
183 			sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail));
184 	provided = tail->t_checksum;
185 	tail->t_checksum = 0;
186 	calculated = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, buf, j->j_blocksize);
187 	tail->t_checksum = provided;
188 
189 	return provided == cpu_to_be32(calculated);
190 }
191 
192 /*
193  * Count the number of in-use tags in a journal descriptor block.
194  */
195 
196 static int count_tags(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh)
197 {
198 	char *			tagp;
199 	journal_block_tag_t *	tag;
200 	int			nr = 0, size = journal->j_blocksize;
201 	int			tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
202 
203 	if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
204 		size -= sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
205 
206 	tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
207 
208 	while ((tagp - bh->b_data + tag_bytes) <= size) {
209 		tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp;
210 
211 		nr++;
212 		tagp += tag_bytes;
213 		if (!(tag->t_flags & cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID)))
214 			tagp += 16;
215 
216 		if (tag->t_flags & cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG))
217 			break;
218 	}
219 
220 	return nr;
221 }
222 
223 
224 /* Make sure we wrap around the log correctly! */
225 #define wrap(journal, var)						\
226 do {									\
227 	unsigned long _wrap_last =					\
228 		jbd2_has_feature_fast_commit(journal) ?			\
229 			(journal)->j_fc_last : (journal)->j_last;	\
230 									\
231 	if (var >= _wrap_last)						\
232 		var -= (_wrap_last - (journal)->j_first);		\
233 } while (0)
234 
235 static int fc_do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
236 			  struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass)
237 {
238 	unsigned int expected_commit_id = info->end_transaction;
239 	unsigned long next_fc_block;
240 	struct buffer_head *bh;
241 	int err = 0;
242 
243 	next_fc_block = journal->j_fc_first;
244 	if (!journal->j_fc_replay_callback)
245 		return 0;
246 
247 	while (next_fc_block <= journal->j_fc_last) {
248 		jbd_debug(3, "Fast commit replay: next block %ld",
249 			  next_fc_block);
250 		err = jread(&bh, journal, next_fc_block);
251 		if (err) {
252 			jbd_debug(3, "Fast commit replay: read error");
253 			break;
254 		}
255 
256 		jbd_debug(3, "Processing fast commit blk with seq %d");
257 		err = journal->j_fc_replay_callback(journal, bh, pass,
258 					next_fc_block - journal->j_fc_first,
259 					expected_commit_id);
260 		next_fc_block++;
261 		if (err < 0 || err == JBD2_FC_REPLAY_STOP)
262 			break;
263 		err = 0;
264 	}
265 
266 	if (err)
267 		jbd_debug(3, "Fast commit replay failed, err = %d\n", err);
268 
269 	return err;
270 }
271 
272 /**
273  * jbd2_journal_recover - recovers a on-disk journal
274  * @journal: the journal to recover
275  *
276  * The primary function for recovering the log contents when mounting a
277  * journaled device.
278  *
279  * Recovery is done in three passes.  In the first pass, we look for the
280  * end of the log.  In the second, we assemble the list of revoke
281  * blocks.  In the third and final pass, we replay any un-revoked blocks
282  * in the log.
283  */
284 int jbd2_journal_recover(journal_t *journal)
285 {
286 	int			err, err2;
287 	journal_superblock_t *	sb;
288 
289 	struct recovery_info	info;
290 
291 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
292 	sb = journal->j_superblock;
293 
294 	/*
295 	 * The journal superblock's s_start field (the current log head)
296 	 * is always zero if, and only if, the journal was cleanly
297 	 * unmounted.
298 	 */
299 
300 	if (!sb->s_start) {
301 		jbd_debug(1, "No recovery required, last transaction %d\n",
302 			  be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence));
303 		journal->j_transaction_sequence = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence) + 1;
304 		return 0;
305 	}
306 
307 	err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
308 	if (!err)
309 		err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REVOKE);
310 	if (!err)
311 		err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REPLAY);
312 
313 	jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: recovery, exit status %d, "
314 		  "recovered transactions %u to %u\n",
315 		  err, info.start_transaction, info.end_transaction);
316 	jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: Replayed %d and revoked %d/%d blocks\n",
317 		  info.nr_replays, info.nr_revoke_hits, info.nr_revokes);
318 
319 	/* Restart the log at the next transaction ID, thus invalidating
320 	 * any existing commit records in the log. */
321 	journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
322 
323 	jbd2_journal_clear_revoke(journal);
324 	err2 = sync_blockdev(journal->j_fs_dev);
325 	if (!err)
326 		err = err2;
327 	/* Make sure all replayed data is on permanent storage */
328 	if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER) {
329 		err2 = blkdev_issue_flush(journal->j_fs_dev, GFP_KERNEL);
330 		if (!err)
331 			err = err2;
332 	}
333 	return err;
334 }
335 
336 /**
337  * jbd2_journal_skip_recovery - Start journal and wipe exiting records
338  * @journal: journal to startup
339  *
340  * Locate any valid recovery information from the journal and set up the
341  * journal structures in memory to ignore it (presumably because the
342  * caller has evidence that it is out of date).
343  * This function doesn't appear to be exported..
344  *
345  * We perform one pass over the journal to allow us to tell the user how
346  * much recovery information is being erased, and to let us initialise
347  * the journal transaction sequence numbers to the next unused ID.
348  */
349 int jbd2_journal_skip_recovery(journal_t *journal)
350 {
351 	int			err;
352 
353 	struct recovery_info	info;
354 
355 	memset (&info, 0, sizeof(info));
356 
357 	err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
358 
359 	if (err) {
360 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: error %d scanning journal\n", err);
361 		++journal->j_transaction_sequence;
362 	} else {
363 #ifdef CONFIG_JBD2_DEBUG
364 		int dropped = info.end_transaction -
365 			be32_to_cpu(journal->j_superblock->s_sequence);
366 		jbd_debug(1,
367 			  "JBD2: ignoring %d transaction%s from the journal.\n",
368 			  dropped, (dropped == 1) ? "" : "s");
369 #endif
370 		journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
371 	}
372 
373 	journal->j_tail = 0;
374 	return err;
375 }
376 
377 static inline unsigned long long read_tag_block(journal_t *journal,
378 						journal_block_tag_t *tag)
379 {
380 	unsigned long long block = be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr);
381 	if (jbd2_has_feature_64bit(journal))
382 		block |= (u64)be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr_high) << 32;
383 	return block;
384 }
385 
386 /*
387  * calc_chksums calculates the checksums for the blocks described in the
388  * descriptor block.
389  */
390 static int calc_chksums(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh,
391 			unsigned long *next_log_block, __u32 *crc32_sum)
392 {
393 	int i, num_blks, err;
394 	unsigned long io_block;
395 	struct buffer_head *obh;
396 
397 	num_blks = count_tags(journal, bh);
398 	/* Calculate checksum of the descriptor block. */
399 	*crc32_sum = crc32_be(*crc32_sum, (void *)bh->b_data, bh->b_size);
400 
401 	for (i = 0; i < num_blks; i++) {
402 		io_block = (*next_log_block)++;
403 		wrap(journal, *next_log_block);
404 		err = jread(&obh, journal, io_block);
405 		if (err) {
406 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: IO error %d recovering block "
407 				"%lu in log\n", err, io_block);
408 			return 1;
409 		} else {
410 			*crc32_sum = crc32_be(*crc32_sum, (void *)obh->b_data,
411 				     obh->b_size);
412 		}
413 		put_bh(obh);
414 	}
415 	return 0;
416 }
417 
418 static int jbd2_commit_block_csum_verify(journal_t *j, void *buf)
419 {
420 	struct commit_header *h;
421 	__be32 provided;
422 	__u32 calculated;
423 
424 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
425 		return 1;
426 
427 	h = buf;
428 	provided = h->h_chksum[0];
429 	h->h_chksum[0] = 0;
430 	calculated = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, buf, j->j_blocksize);
431 	h->h_chksum[0] = provided;
432 
433 	return provided == cpu_to_be32(calculated);
434 }
435 
436 static int jbd2_block_tag_csum_verify(journal_t *j, journal_block_tag_t *tag,
437 				      void *buf, __u32 sequence)
438 {
439 	journal_block_tag3_t *tag3 = (journal_block_tag3_t *)tag;
440 	__u32 csum32;
441 	__be32 seq;
442 
443 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
444 		return 1;
445 
446 	seq = cpu_to_be32(sequence);
447 	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, (__u8 *)&seq, sizeof(seq));
448 	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, csum32, buf, j->j_blocksize);
449 
450 	if (jbd2_has_feature_csum3(j))
451 		return tag3->t_checksum == cpu_to_be32(csum32);
452 	else
453 		return tag->t_checksum == cpu_to_be16(csum32);
454 }
455 
456 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
457 			struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass)
458 {
459 	unsigned int		first_commit_ID, next_commit_ID;
460 	unsigned long		next_log_block;
461 	int			err, success = 0;
462 	journal_superblock_t *	sb;
463 	journal_header_t *	tmp;
464 	struct buffer_head *	bh;
465 	unsigned int		sequence;
466 	int			blocktype;
467 	int			tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
468 	__u32			crc32_sum = ~0; /* Transactional Checksums */
469 	int			descr_csum_size = 0;
470 	int			block_error = 0;
471 	bool			need_check_commit_time = false;
472 	__u64			last_trans_commit_time = 0, commit_time;
473 
474 	/*
475 	 * First thing is to establish what we expect to find in the log
476 	 * (in terms of transaction IDs), and where (in terms of log
477 	 * block offsets): query the superblock.
478 	 */
479 
480 	sb = journal->j_superblock;
481 	next_commit_ID = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence);
482 	next_log_block = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_start);
483 
484 	first_commit_ID = next_commit_ID;
485 	if (pass == PASS_SCAN)
486 		info->start_transaction = first_commit_ID;
487 
488 	jbd_debug(1, "Starting recovery pass %d\n", pass);
489 
490 	/*
491 	 * Now we walk through the log, transaction by transaction,
492 	 * making sure that each transaction has a commit block in the
493 	 * expected place.  Each complete transaction gets replayed back
494 	 * into the main filesystem.
495 	 */
496 
497 	while (1) {
498 		int			flags;
499 		char *			tagp;
500 		journal_block_tag_t *	tag;
501 		struct buffer_head *	obh;
502 		struct buffer_head *	nbh;
503 
504 		cond_resched();
505 
506 		/* If we already know where to stop the log traversal,
507 		 * check right now that we haven't gone past the end of
508 		 * the log. */
509 
510 		if (pass != PASS_SCAN)
511 			if (tid_geq(next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction))
512 				break;
513 
514 		jbd_debug(2, "Scanning for sequence ID %u at %lu/%lu\n",
515 			  next_commit_ID, next_log_block,
516 			  jbd2_has_feature_fast_commit(journal) ?
517 			  journal->j_fc_last : journal->j_last);
518 
519 		/* Skip over each chunk of the transaction looking
520 		 * either the next descriptor block or the final commit
521 		 * record. */
522 
523 		jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: checking block %ld\n", next_log_block);
524 		err = jread(&bh, journal, next_log_block);
525 		if (err)
526 			goto failed;
527 
528 		next_log_block++;
529 		wrap(journal, next_log_block);
530 
531 		/* What kind of buffer is it?
532 		 *
533 		 * If it is a descriptor block, check that it has the
534 		 * expected sequence number.  Otherwise, we're all done
535 		 * here. */
536 
537 		tmp = (journal_header_t *)bh->b_data;
538 
539 		if (tmp->h_magic != cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER)) {
540 			brelse(bh);
541 			break;
542 		}
543 
544 		blocktype = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_blocktype);
545 		sequence = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_sequence);
546 		jbd_debug(3, "Found magic %d, sequence %d\n",
547 			  blocktype, sequence);
548 
549 		if (sequence != next_commit_ID) {
550 			brelse(bh);
551 			break;
552 		}
553 
554 		/* OK, we have a valid descriptor block which matches
555 		 * all of the sequence number checks.  What are we going
556 		 * to do with it?  That depends on the pass... */
557 
558 		switch(blocktype) {
559 		case JBD2_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK:
560 			/* Verify checksum first */
561 			if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
562 				descr_csum_size =
563 					sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
564 			if (descr_csum_size > 0 &&
565 			    !jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal,
566 							       bh->b_data)) {
567 				/*
568 				 * PASS_SCAN can see stale blocks due to lazy
569 				 * journal init. Don't error out on those yet.
570 				 */
571 				if (pass != PASS_SCAN) {
572 					pr_err("JBD2: Invalid checksum recovering block %lu in log\n",
573 					       next_log_block);
574 					err = -EFSBADCRC;
575 					brelse(bh);
576 					goto failed;
577 				}
578 				need_check_commit_time = true;
579 				jbd_debug(1,
580 					"invalid descriptor block found in %lu\n",
581 					next_log_block);
582 			}
583 
584 			/* If it is a valid descriptor block, replay it
585 			 * in pass REPLAY; if journal_checksums enabled, then
586 			 * calculate checksums in PASS_SCAN, otherwise,
587 			 * just skip over the blocks it describes. */
588 			if (pass != PASS_REPLAY) {
589 				if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
590 				    jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal) &&
591 				    !need_check_commit_time &&
592 				    !info->end_transaction) {
593 					if (calc_chksums(journal, bh,
594 							&next_log_block,
595 							&crc32_sum)) {
596 						put_bh(bh);
597 						break;
598 					}
599 					put_bh(bh);
600 					continue;
601 				}
602 				next_log_block += count_tags(journal, bh);
603 				wrap(journal, next_log_block);
604 				put_bh(bh);
605 				continue;
606 			}
607 
608 			/* A descriptor block: we can now write all of
609 			 * the data blocks.  Yay, useful work is finally
610 			 * getting done here! */
611 
612 			tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
613 			while ((tagp - bh->b_data + tag_bytes)
614 			       <= journal->j_blocksize - descr_csum_size) {
615 				unsigned long io_block;
616 
617 				tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp;
618 				flags = be16_to_cpu(tag->t_flags);
619 
620 				io_block = next_log_block++;
621 				wrap(journal, next_log_block);
622 				err = jread(&obh, journal, io_block);
623 				if (err) {
624 					/* Recover what we can, but
625 					 * report failure at the end. */
626 					success = err;
627 					printk(KERN_ERR
628 						"JBD2: IO error %d recovering "
629 						"block %ld in log\n",
630 						err, io_block);
631 				} else {
632 					unsigned long long blocknr;
633 
634 					J_ASSERT(obh != NULL);
635 					blocknr = read_tag_block(journal,
636 								 tag);
637 
638 					/* If the block has been
639 					 * revoked, then we're all done
640 					 * here. */
641 					if (jbd2_journal_test_revoke
642 					    (journal, blocknr,
643 					     next_commit_ID)) {
644 						brelse(obh);
645 						++info->nr_revoke_hits;
646 						goto skip_write;
647 					}
648 
649 					/* Look for block corruption */
650 					if (!jbd2_block_tag_csum_verify(
651 						journal, tag, obh->b_data,
652 						be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_sequence))) {
653 						brelse(obh);
654 						success = -EFSBADCRC;
655 						printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: Invalid "
656 						       "checksum recovering "
657 						       "data block %llu in "
658 						       "log\n", blocknr);
659 						block_error = 1;
660 						goto skip_write;
661 					}
662 
663 					/* Find a buffer for the new
664 					 * data being restored */
665 					nbh = __getblk(journal->j_fs_dev,
666 							blocknr,
667 							journal->j_blocksize);
668 					if (nbh == NULL) {
669 						printk(KERN_ERR
670 						       "JBD2: Out of memory "
671 						       "during recovery.\n");
672 						err = -ENOMEM;
673 						brelse(bh);
674 						brelse(obh);
675 						goto failed;
676 					}
677 
678 					lock_buffer(nbh);
679 					memcpy(nbh->b_data, obh->b_data,
680 							journal->j_blocksize);
681 					if (flags & JBD2_FLAG_ESCAPE) {
682 						*((__be32 *)nbh->b_data) =
683 						cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER);
684 					}
685 
686 					BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking dirty");
687 					set_buffer_uptodate(nbh);
688 					mark_buffer_dirty(nbh);
689 					BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking uptodate");
690 					++info->nr_replays;
691 					/* ll_rw_block(WRITE, 1, &nbh); */
692 					unlock_buffer(nbh);
693 					brelse(obh);
694 					brelse(nbh);
695 				}
696 
697 			skip_write:
698 				tagp += tag_bytes;
699 				if (!(flags & JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID))
700 					tagp += 16;
701 
702 				if (flags & JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG)
703 					break;
704 			}
705 
706 			brelse(bh);
707 			continue;
708 
709 		case JBD2_COMMIT_BLOCK:
710 			/*     How to differentiate between interrupted commit
711 			 *               and journal corruption ?
712 			 *
713 			 * {nth transaction}
714 			 *        Checksum Verification Failed
715 			 *			 |
716 			 *		 ____________________
717 			 *		|		     |
718 			 * 	async_commit             sync_commit
719 			 *     		|                    |
720 			 *		| GO TO NEXT    "Journal Corruption"
721 			 *		| TRANSACTION
722 			 *		|
723 			 * {(n+1)th transanction}
724 			 *		|
725 			 * 	 _______|______________
726 			 * 	|	 	      |
727 			 * Commit block found	Commit block not found
728 			 *      |		      |
729 			 * "Journal Corruption"       |
730 			 *		 _____________|_________
731 			 *     		|	           	|
732 			 *	nth trans corrupt	OR   nth trans
733 			 *	and (n+1)th interrupted     interrupted
734 			 *	before commit block
735 			 *      could reach the disk.
736 			 *	(Cannot find the difference in above
737 			 *	 mentioned conditions. Hence assume
738 			 *	 "Interrupted Commit".)
739 			 */
740 			commit_time = be64_to_cpu(
741 				((struct commit_header *)bh->b_data)->h_commit_sec);
742 			/*
743 			 * If need_check_commit_time is set, it means we are in
744 			 * PASS_SCAN and csum verify failed before. If
745 			 * commit_time is increasing, it's the same journal,
746 			 * otherwise it is stale journal block, just end this
747 			 * recovery.
748 			 */
749 			if (need_check_commit_time) {
750 				if (commit_time >= last_trans_commit_time) {
751 					pr_err("JBD2: Invalid checksum found in transaction %u\n",
752 					       next_commit_ID);
753 					err = -EFSBADCRC;
754 					brelse(bh);
755 					goto failed;
756 				}
757 			ignore_crc_mismatch:
758 				/*
759 				 * It likely does not belong to same journal,
760 				 * just end this recovery with success.
761 				 */
762 				jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: Invalid checksum ignored in transaction %u, likely stale data\n",
763 					  next_commit_ID);
764 				err = 0;
765 				brelse(bh);
766 				goto done;
767 			}
768 
769 			/*
770 			 * Found an expected commit block: if checksums
771 			 * are present, verify them in PASS_SCAN; else not
772 			 * much to do other than move on to the next sequence
773 			 * number.
774 			 */
775 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
776 			    jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal)) {
777 				struct commit_header *cbh =
778 					(struct commit_header *)bh->b_data;
779 				unsigned found_chksum =
780 					be32_to_cpu(cbh->h_chksum[0]);
781 
782 				if (info->end_transaction) {
783 					journal->j_failed_commit =
784 						info->end_transaction;
785 					brelse(bh);
786 					break;
787 				}
788 
789 				/* Neither checksum match nor unused? */
790 				if (!((crc32_sum == found_chksum &&
791 				       cbh->h_chksum_type ==
792 						JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM &&
793 				       cbh->h_chksum_size ==
794 						JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM_SIZE) ||
795 				      (cbh->h_chksum_type == 0 &&
796 				       cbh->h_chksum_size == 0 &&
797 				       found_chksum == 0)))
798 					goto chksum_error;
799 
800 				crc32_sum = ~0;
801 			}
802 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
803 			    !jbd2_commit_block_csum_verify(journal,
804 							   bh->b_data)) {
805 			chksum_error:
806 				if (commit_time < last_trans_commit_time)
807 					goto ignore_crc_mismatch;
808 				info->end_transaction = next_commit_ID;
809 
810 				if (!jbd2_has_feature_async_commit(journal)) {
811 					journal->j_failed_commit =
812 						next_commit_ID;
813 					brelse(bh);
814 					break;
815 				}
816 			}
817 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN)
818 				last_trans_commit_time = commit_time;
819 			brelse(bh);
820 			next_commit_ID++;
821 			continue;
822 
823 		case JBD2_REVOKE_BLOCK:
824 			/*
825 			 * Check revoke block crc in pass_scan, if csum verify
826 			 * failed, check commit block time later.
827 			 */
828 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
829 			    !jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal,
830 							       bh->b_data)) {
831 				jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: invalid revoke block found in %lu\n",
832 					  next_log_block);
833 				need_check_commit_time = true;
834 			}
835 			/* If we aren't in the REVOKE pass, then we can
836 			 * just skip over this block. */
837 			if (pass != PASS_REVOKE) {
838 				brelse(bh);
839 				continue;
840 			}
841 
842 			err = scan_revoke_records(journal, bh,
843 						  next_commit_ID, info);
844 			brelse(bh);
845 			if (err)
846 				goto failed;
847 			continue;
848 
849 		default:
850 			jbd_debug(3, "Unrecognised magic %d, end of scan.\n",
851 				  blocktype);
852 			brelse(bh);
853 			goto done;
854 		}
855 	}
856 
857  done:
858 	/*
859 	 * We broke out of the log scan loop: either we came to the
860 	 * known end of the log or we found an unexpected block in the
861 	 * log.  If the latter happened, then we know that the "current"
862 	 * transaction marks the end of the valid log.
863 	 */
864 
865 	if (pass == PASS_SCAN) {
866 		if (!info->end_transaction)
867 			info->end_transaction = next_commit_ID;
868 	} else {
869 		/* It's really bad news if different passes end up at
870 		 * different places (but possible due to IO errors). */
871 		if (info->end_transaction != next_commit_ID) {
872 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: recovery pass %d ended at "
873 				"transaction %u, expected %u\n",
874 				pass, next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction);
875 			if (!success)
876 				success = -EIO;
877 		}
878 	}
879 
880 	if (jbd2_has_feature_fast_commit(journal) &&  pass != PASS_REVOKE) {
881 		err = fc_do_one_pass(journal, info, pass);
882 		if (err)
883 			success = err;
884 	}
885 
886 	if (block_error && success == 0)
887 		success = -EIO;
888 	return success;
889 
890  failed:
891 	return err;
892 }
893 
894 /* Scan a revoke record, marking all blocks mentioned as revoked. */
895 
896 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh,
897 			       tid_t sequence, struct recovery_info *info)
898 {
899 	jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *header;
900 	int offset, max;
901 	int csum_size = 0;
902 	__u32 rcount;
903 	int record_len = 4;
904 
905 	header = (jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *) bh->b_data;
906 	offset = sizeof(jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t);
907 	rcount = be32_to_cpu(header->r_count);
908 
909 	if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
910 		csum_size = sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
911 	if (rcount > journal->j_blocksize - csum_size)
912 		return -EINVAL;
913 	max = rcount;
914 
915 	if (jbd2_has_feature_64bit(journal))
916 		record_len = 8;
917 
918 	while (offset + record_len <= max) {
919 		unsigned long long blocknr;
920 		int err;
921 
922 		if (record_len == 4)
923 			blocknr = be32_to_cpu(* ((__be32 *) (bh->b_data+offset)));
924 		else
925 			blocknr = be64_to_cpu(* ((__be64 *) (bh->b_data+offset)));
926 		offset += record_len;
927 		err = jbd2_journal_set_revoke(journal, blocknr, sequence);
928 		if (err)
929 			return err;
930 		++info->nr_revokes;
931 	}
932 	return 0;
933 }
934