xref: /openbmc/linux/fs/ext4/namei.c (revision 8b030a57)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *  linux/fs/ext4/namei.c
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
6  * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
7  * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
8  * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
9  *
10  *  from
11  *
12  *  linux/fs/minix/namei.c
13  *
14  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
15  *
16  *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
17  *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
18  *  Directory entry file type support and forward compatibility hooks
19  *	for B-tree directories by Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu), 1998
20  *  Hash Tree Directory indexing (c)
21  *	Daniel Phillips, 2001
22  *  Hash Tree Directory indexing porting
23  *	Christopher Li, 2002
24  *  Hash Tree Directory indexing cleanup
25  *	Theodore Ts'o, 2002
26  */
27 
28 #include <linux/fs.h>
29 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
30 #include <linux/time.h>
31 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
32 #include <linux/stat.h>
33 #include <linux/string.h>
34 #include <linux/quotaops.h>
35 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
36 #include <linux/bio.h>
37 #include <linux/iversion.h>
38 #include "ext4.h"
39 #include "ext4_jbd2.h"
40 
41 #include "xattr.h"
42 #include "acl.h"
43 
44 #include <trace/events/ext4.h>
45 /*
46  * define how far ahead to read directories while searching them.
47  */
48 #define NAMEI_RA_CHUNKS  2
49 #define NAMEI_RA_BLOCKS  4
50 #define NAMEI_RA_SIZE	     (NAMEI_RA_CHUNKS * NAMEI_RA_BLOCKS)
51 
52 static struct buffer_head *ext4_append(handle_t *handle,
53 					struct inode *inode,
54 					ext4_lblk_t *block)
55 {
56 	struct buffer_head *bh;
57 	int err;
58 
59 	if (unlikely(EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_max_dir_size_kb &&
60 		     ((inode->i_size >> 10) >=
61 		      EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_max_dir_size_kb)))
62 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
63 
64 	*block = inode->i_size >> inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits;
65 
66 	bh = ext4_bread(handle, inode, *block, EXT4_GET_BLOCKS_CREATE);
67 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
68 		return bh;
69 	inode->i_size += inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
70 	EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize = inode->i_size;
71 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
72 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
73 	if (err) {
74 		brelse(bh);
75 		ext4_std_error(inode->i_sb, err);
76 		return ERR_PTR(err);
77 	}
78 	return bh;
79 }
80 
81 static int ext4_dx_csum_verify(struct inode *inode,
82 			       struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent);
83 
84 typedef enum {
85 	EITHER, INDEX, DIRENT
86 } dirblock_type_t;
87 
88 #define ext4_read_dirblock(inode, block, type) \
89 	__ext4_read_dirblock((inode), (block), (type), __func__, __LINE__)
90 
91 static struct buffer_head *__ext4_read_dirblock(struct inode *inode,
92 						ext4_lblk_t block,
93 						dirblock_type_t type,
94 						const char *func,
95 						unsigned int line)
96 {
97 	struct buffer_head *bh;
98 	struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent;
99 	int is_dx_block = 0;
100 
101 	bh = ext4_bread(NULL, inode, block, 0);
102 	if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
103 		__ext4_warning(inode->i_sb, func, line,
104 			       "inode #%lu: lblock %lu: comm %s: "
105 			       "error %ld reading directory block",
106 			       inode->i_ino, (unsigned long)block,
107 			       current->comm, PTR_ERR(bh));
108 
109 		return bh;
110 	}
111 	if (!bh) {
112 		ext4_error_inode(inode, func, line, block,
113 				 "Directory hole found");
114 		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
115 	}
116 	dirent = (struct ext4_dir_entry *) bh->b_data;
117 	/* Determine whether or not we have an index block */
118 	if (is_dx(inode)) {
119 		if (block == 0)
120 			is_dx_block = 1;
121 		else if (ext4_rec_len_from_disk(dirent->rec_len,
122 						inode->i_sb->s_blocksize) ==
123 			 inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)
124 			is_dx_block = 1;
125 	}
126 	if (!is_dx_block && type == INDEX) {
127 		ext4_error_inode(inode, func, line, block,
128 		       "directory leaf block found instead of index block");
129 		brelse(bh);
130 		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
131 	}
132 	if (!ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb) ||
133 	    buffer_verified(bh))
134 		return bh;
135 
136 	/*
137 	 * An empty leaf block can get mistaken for a index block; for
138 	 * this reason, we can only check the index checksum when the
139 	 * caller is sure it should be an index block.
140 	 */
141 	if (is_dx_block && type == INDEX) {
142 		if (ext4_dx_csum_verify(inode, dirent))
143 			set_buffer_verified(bh);
144 		else {
145 			ext4_error_inode(inode, func, line, block,
146 					 "Directory index failed checksum");
147 			brelse(bh);
148 			return ERR_PTR(-EFSBADCRC);
149 		}
150 	}
151 	if (!is_dx_block) {
152 		if (ext4_dirent_csum_verify(inode, dirent))
153 			set_buffer_verified(bh);
154 		else {
155 			ext4_error_inode(inode, func, line, block,
156 					 "Directory block failed checksum");
157 			brelse(bh);
158 			return ERR_PTR(-EFSBADCRC);
159 		}
160 	}
161 	return bh;
162 }
163 
164 #ifndef assert
165 #define assert(test) J_ASSERT(test)
166 #endif
167 
168 #ifdef DX_DEBUG
169 #define dxtrace(command) command
170 #else
171 #define dxtrace(command)
172 #endif
173 
174 struct fake_dirent
175 {
176 	__le32 inode;
177 	__le16 rec_len;
178 	u8 name_len;
179 	u8 file_type;
180 };
181 
182 struct dx_countlimit
183 {
184 	__le16 limit;
185 	__le16 count;
186 };
187 
188 struct dx_entry
189 {
190 	__le32 hash;
191 	__le32 block;
192 };
193 
194 /*
195  * dx_root_info is laid out so that if it should somehow get overlaid by a
196  * dirent the two low bits of the hash version will be zero.  Therefore, the
197  * hash version mod 4 should never be 0.  Sincerely, the paranoia department.
198  */
199 
200 struct dx_root
201 {
202 	struct fake_dirent dot;
203 	char dot_name[4];
204 	struct fake_dirent dotdot;
205 	char dotdot_name[4];
206 	struct dx_root_info
207 	{
208 		__le32 reserved_zero;
209 		u8 hash_version;
210 		u8 info_length; /* 8 */
211 		u8 indirect_levels;
212 		u8 unused_flags;
213 	}
214 	info;
215 	struct dx_entry	entries[0];
216 };
217 
218 struct dx_node
219 {
220 	struct fake_dirent fake;
221 	struct dx_entry	entries[0];
222 };
223 
224 
225 struct dx_frame
226 {
227 	struct buffer_head *bh;
228 	struct dx_entry *entries;
229 	struct dx_entry *at;
230 };
231 
232 struct dx_map_entry
233 {
234 	u32 hash;
235 	u16 offs;
236 	u16 size;
237 };
238 
239 /*
240  * This goes at the end of each htree block.
241  */
242 struct dx_tail {
243 	u32 dt_reserved;
244 	__le32 dt_checksum;	/* crc32c(uuid+inum+dirblock) */
245 };
246 
247 static inline ext4_lblk_t dx_get_block(struct dx_entry *entry);
248 static void dx_set_block(struct dx_entry *entry, ext4_lblk_t value);
249 static inline unsigned dx_get_hash(struct dx_entry *entry);
250 static void dx_set_hash(struct dx_entry *entry, unsigned value);
251 static unsigned dx_get_count(struct dx_entry *entries);
252 static unsigned dx_get_limit(struct dx_entry *entries);
253 static void dx_set_count(struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value);
254 static void dx_set_limit(struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value);
255 static unsigned dx_root_limit(struct inode *dir, unsigned infosize);
256 static unsigned dx_node_limit(struct inode *dir);
257 static struct dx_frame *dx_probe(struct ext4_filename *fname,
258 				 struct inode *dir,
259 				 struct dx_hash_info *hinfo,
260 				 struct dx_frame *frame);
261 static void dx_release(struct dx_frame *frames);
262 static int dx_make_map(struct inode *dir, struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de,
263 		       unsigned blocksize, struct dx_hash_info *hinfo,
264 		       struct dx_map_entry map[]);
265 static void dx_sort_map(struct dx_map_entry *map, unsigned count);
266 static struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *dx_move_dirents(char *from, char *to,
267 		struct dx_map_entry *offsets, int count, unsigned blocksize);
268 static struct ext4_dir_entry_2* dx_pack_dirents(char *base, unsigned blocksize);
269 static void dx_insert_block(struct dx_frame *frame,
270 					u32 hash, ext4_lblk_t block);
271 static int ext4_htree_next_block(struct inode *dir, __u32 hash,
272 				 struct dx_frame *frame,
273 				 struct dx_frame *frames,
274 				 __u32 *start_hash);
275 static struct buffer_head * ext4_dx_find_entry(struct inode *dir,
276 		struct ext4_filename *fname,
277 		struct ext4_dir_entry_2 **res_dir);
278 static int ext4_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
279 			     struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode);
280 
281 /* checksumming functions */
282 void initialize_dirent_tail(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t,
283 			    unsigned int blocksize)
284 {
285 	memset(t, 0, sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail));
286 	t->det_rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(
287 			sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail), blocksize);
288 	t->det_reserved_ft = EXT4_FT_DIR_CSUM;
289 }
290 
291 /* Walk through a dirent block to find a checksum "dirent" at the tail */
292 static struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *get_dirent_tail(struct inode *inode,
293 						   struct ext4_dir_entry *de)
294 {
295 	struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t;
296 
297 #ifdef PARANOID
298 	struct ext4_dir_entry *d, *top;
299 
300 	d = de;
301 	top = (struct ext4_dir_entry *)(((void *)de) +
302 		(EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(inode->i_sb) -
303 		sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail)));
304 	while (d < top && d->rec_len)
305 		d = (struct ext4_dir_entry *)(((void *)d) +
306 		    le16_to_cpu(d->rec_len));
307 
308 	if (d != top)
309 		return NULL;
310 
311 	t = (struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *)d;
312 #else
313 	t = EXT4_DIRENT_TAIL(de, EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(inode->i_sb));
314 #endif
315 
316 	if (t->det_reserved_zero1 ||
317 	    le16_to_cpu(t->det_rec_len) != sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail) ||
318 	    t->det_reserved_zero2 ||
319 	    t->det_reserved_ft != EXT4_FT_DIR_CSUM)
320 		return NULL;
321 
322 	return t;
323 }
324 
325 static __le32 ext4_dirent_csum(struct inode *inode,
326 			       struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent, int size)
327 {
328 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb);
329 	struct ext4_inode_info *ei = EXT4_I(inode);
330 	__u32 csum;
331 
332 	csum = ext4_chksum(sbi, ei->i_csum_seed, (__u8 *)dirent, size);
333 	return cpu_to_le32(csum);
334 }
335 
336 #define warn_no_space_for_csum(inode)					\
337 	__warn_no_space_for_csum((inode), __func__, __LINE__)
338 
339 static void __warn_no_space_for_csum(struct inode *inode, const char *func,
340 				     unsigned int line)
341 {
342 	__ext4_warning_inode(inode, func, line,
343 		"No space for directory leaf checksum. Please run e2fsck -D.");
344 }
345 
346 int ext4_dirent_csum_verify(struct inode *inode, struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent)
347 {
348 	struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t;
349 
350 	if (!ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb))
351 		return 1;
352 
353 	t = get_dirent_tail(inode, dirent);
354 	if (!t) {
355 		warn_no_space_for_csum(inode);
356 		return 0;
357 	}
358 
359 	if (t->det_checksum != ext4_dirent_csum(inode, dirent,
360 						(void *)t - (void *)dirent))
361 		return 0;
362 
363 	return 1;
364 }
365 
366 static void ext4_dirent_csum_set(struct inode *inode,
367 				 struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent)
368 {
369 	struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t;
370 
371 	if (!ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb))
372 		return;
373 
374 	t = get_dirent_tail(inode, dirent);
375 	if (!t) {
376 		warn_no_space_for_csum(inode);
377 		return;
378 	}
379 
380 	t->det_checksum = ext4_dirent_csum(inode, dirent,
381 					   (void *)t - (void *)dirent);
382 }
383 
384 int ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle_t *handle,
385 				  struct inode *inode,
386 				  struct buffer_head *bh)
387 {
388 	ext4_dirent_csum_set(inode, (struct ext4_dir_entry *)bh->b_data);
389 	return ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, inode, bh);
390 }
391 
392 static struct dx_countlimit *get_dx_countlimit(struct inode *inode,
393 					       struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent,
394 					       int *offset)
395 {
396 	struct ext4_dir_entry *dp;
397 	struct dx_root_info *root;
398 	int count_offset;
399 
400 	if (le16_to_cpu(dirent->rec_len) == EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(inode->i_sb))
401 		count_offset = 8;
402 	else if (le16_to_cpu(dirent->rec_len) == 12) {
403 		dp = (struct ext4_dir_entry *)(((void *)dirent) + 12);
404 		if (le16_to_cpu(dp->rec_len) !=
405 		    EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(inode->i_sb) - 12)
406 			return NULL;
407 		root = (struct dx_root_info *)(((void *)dp + 12));
408 		if (root->reserved_zero ||
409 		    root->info_length != sizeof(struct dx_root_info))
410 			return NULL;
411 		count_offset = 32;
412 	} else
413 		return NULL;
414 
415 	if (offset)
416 		*offset = count_offset;
417 	return (struct dx_countlimit *)(((void *)dirent) + count_offset);
418 }
419 
420 static __le32 ext4_dx_csum(struct inode *inode, struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent,
421 			   int count_offset, int count, struct dx_tail *t)
422 {
423 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb);
424 	struct ext4_inode_info *ei = EXT4_I(inode);
425 	__u32 csum;
426 	int size;
427 	__u32 dummy_csum = 0;
428 	int offset = offsetof(struct dx_tail, dt_checksum);
429 
430 	size = count_offset + (count * sizeof(struct dx_entry));
431 	csum = ext4_chksum(sbi, ei->i_csum_seed, (__u8 *)dirent, size);
432 	csum = ext4_chksum(sbi, csum, (__u8 *)t, offset);
433 	csum = ext4_chksum(sbi, csum, (__u8 *)&dummy_csum, sizeof(dummy_csum));
434 
435 	return cpu_to_le32(csum);
436 }
437 
438 static int ext4_dx_csum_verify(struct inode *inode,
439 			       struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent)
440 {
441 	struct dx_countlimit *c;
442 	struct dx_tail *t;
443 	int count_offset, limit, count;
444 
445 	if (!ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb))
446 		return 1;
447 
448 	c = get_dx_countlimit(inode, dirent, &count_offset);
449 	if (!c) {
450 		EXT4_ERROR_INODE(inode, "dir seems corrupt?  Run e2fsck -D.");
451 		return 0;
452 	}
453 	limit = le16_to_cpu(c->limit);
454 	count = le16_to_cpu(c->count);
455 	if (count_offset + (limit * sizeof(struct dx_entry)) >
456 	    EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(inode->i_sb) - sizeof(struct dx_tail)) {
457 		warn_no_space_for_csum(inode);
458 		return 0;
459 	}
460 	t = (struct dx_tail *)(((struct dx_entry *)c) + limit);
461 
462 	if (t->dt_checksum != ext4_dx_csum(inode, dirent, count_offset,
463 					    count, t))
464 		return 0;
465 	return 1;
466 }
467 
468 static void ext4_dx_csum_set(struct inode *inode, struct ext4_dir_entry *dirent)
469 {
470 	struct dx_countlimit *c;
471 	struct dx_tail *t;
472 	int count_offset, limit, count;
473 
474 	if (!ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb))
475 		return;
476 
477 	c = get_dx_countlimit(inode, dirent, &count_offset);
478 	if (!c) {
479 		EXT4_ERROR_INODE(inode, "dir seems corrupt?  Run e2fsck -D.");
480 		return;
481 	}
482 	limit = le16_to_cpu(c->limit);
483 	count = le16_to_cpu(c->count);
484 	if (count_offset + (limit * sizeof(struct dx_entry)) >
485 	    EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(inode->i_sb) - sizeof(struct dx_tail)) {
486 		warn_no_space_for_csum(inode);
487 		return;
488 	}
489 	t = (struct dx_tail *)(((struct dx_entry *)c) + limit);
490 
491 	t->dt_checksum = ext4_dx_csum(inode, dirent, count_offset, count, t);
492 }
493 
494 static inline int ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle_t *handle,
495 					    struct inode *inode,
496 					    struct buffer_head *bh)
497 {
498 	ext4_dx_csum_set(inode, (struct ext4_dir_entry *)bh->b_data);
499 	return ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, inode, bh);
500 }
501 
502 /*
503  * p is at least 6 bytes before the end of page
504  */
505 static inline struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *
506 ext4_next_entry(struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *p, unsigned long blocksize)
507 {
508 	return (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)p +
509 		ext4_rec_len_from_disk(p->rec_len, blocksize));
510 }
511 
512 /*
513  * Future: use high four bits of block for coalesce-on-delete flags
514  * Mask them off for now.
515  */
516 
517 static inline ext4_lblk_t dx_get_block(struct dx_entry *entry)
518 {
519 	return le32_to_cpu(entry->block) & 0x0fffffff;
520 }
521 
522 static inline void dx_set_block(struct dx_entry *entry, ext4_lblk_t value)
523 {
524 	entry->block = cpu_to_le32(value);
525 }
526 
527 static inline unsigned dx_get_hash(struct dx_entry *entry)
528 {
529 	return le32_to_cpu(entry->hash);
530 }
531 
532 static inline void dx_set_hash(struct dx_entry *entry, unsigned value)
533 {
534 	entry->hash = cpu_to_le32(value);
535 }
536 
537 static inline unsigned dx_get_count(struct dx_entry *entries)
538 {
539 	return le16_to_cpu(((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->count);
540 }
541 
542 static inline unsigned dx_get_limit(struct dx_entry *entries)
543 {
544 	return le16_to_cpu(((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->limit);
545 }
546 
547 static inline void dx_set_count(struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value)
548 {
549 	((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->count = cpu_to_le16(value);
550 }
551 
552 static inline void dx_set_limit(struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value)
553 {
554 	((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->limit = cpu_to_le16(value);
555 }
556 
557 static inline unsigned dx_root_limit(struct inode *dir, unsigned infosize)
558 {
559 	unsigned entry_space = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize - EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(1) -
560 		EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(2) - infosize;
561 
562 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(dir->i_sb))
563 		entry_space -= sizeof(struct dx_tail);
564 	return entry_space / sizeof(struct dx_entry);
565 }
566 
567 static inline unsigned dx_node_limit(struct inode *dir)
568 {
569 	unsigned entry_space = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize - EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(0);
570 
571 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(dir->i_sb))
572 		entry_space -= sizeof(struct dx_tail);
573 	return entry_space / sizeof(struct dx_entry);
574 }
575 
576 /*
577  * Debug
578  */
579 #ifdef DX_DEBUG
580 static void dx_show_index(char * label, struct dx_entry *entries)
581 {
582 	int i, n = dx_get_count (entries);
583 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s index", label);
584 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
585 		printk(KERN_CONT " %x->%lu",
586 		       i ? dx_get_hash(entries + i) : 0,
587 		       (unsigned long)dx_get_block(entries + i));
588 	}
589 	printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
590 }
591 
592 struct stats
593 {
594 	unsigned names;
595 	unsigned space;
596 	unsigned bcount;
597 };
598 
599 static struct stats dx_show_leaf(struct inode *dir,
600 				struct dx_hash_info *hinfo,
601 				struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de,
602 				int size, int show_names)
603 {
604 	unsigned names = 0, space = 0;
605 	char *base = (char *) de;
606 	struct dx_hash_info h = *hinfo;
607 
608 	printk("names: ");
609 	while ((char *) de < base + size)
610 	{
611 		if (de->inode)
612 		{
613 			if (show_names)
614 			{
615 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
616 				int len;
617 				char *name;
618 				struct fscrypt_str fname_crypto_str =
619 					FSTR_INIT(NULL, 0);
620 				int res = 0;
621 
622 				name  = de->name;
623 				len = de->name_len;
624 				if (ext4_encrypted_inode(dir))
625 					res = fscrypt_get_encryption_info(dir);
626 				if (res) {
627 					printk(KERN_WARNING "Error setting up"
628 					       " fname crypto: %d\n", res);
629 				}
630 				if (!fscrypt_has_encryption_key(dir)) {
631 					/* Directory is not encrypted */
632 					ext4fs_dirhash(de->name,
633 						de->name_len, &h);
634 					printk("%*.s:(U)%x.%u ", len,
635 					       name, h.hash,
636 					       (unsigned) ((char *) de
637 							   - base));
638 				} else {
639 					struct fscrypt_str de_name =
640 						FSTR_INIT(name, len);
641 
642 					/* Directory is encrypted */
643 					res = fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer(
644 						dir, len,
645 						&fname_crypto_str);
646 					if (res)
647 						printk(KERN_WARNING "Error "
648 							"allocating crypto "
649 							"buffer--skipping "
650 							"crypto\n");
651 					res = fscrypt_fname_disk_to_usr(dir,
652 						0, 0, &de_name,
653 						&fname_crypto_str);
654 					if (res) {
655 						printk(KERN_WARNING "Error "
656 							"converting filename "
657 							"from disk to usr"
658 							"\n");
659 						name = "??";
660 						len = 2;
661 					} else {
662 						name = fname_crypto_str.name;
663 						len = fname_crypto_str.len;
664 					}
665 					ext4fs_dirhash(de->name, de->name_len,
666 						       &h);
667 					printk("%*.s:(E)%x.%u ", len, name,
668 					       h.hash, (unsigned) ((char *) de
669 								   - base));
670 					fscrypt_fname_free_buffer(
671 							&fname_crypto_str);
672 				}
673 #else
674 				int len = de->name_len;
675 				char *name = de->name;
676 				ext4fs_dirhash(de->name, de->name_len, &h);
677 				printk("%*.s:%x.%u ", len, name, h.hash,
678 				       (unsigned) ((char *) de - base));
679 #endif
680 			}
681 			space += EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
682 			names++;
683 		}
684 		de = ext4_next_entry(de, size);
685 	}
686 	printk(KERN_CONT "(%i)\n", names);
687 	return (struct stats) { names, space, 1 };
688 }
689 
690 struct stats dx_show_entries(struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, struct inode *dir,
691 			     struct dx_entry *entries, int levels)
692 {
693 	unsigned blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
694 	unsigned count = dx_get_count(entries), names = 0, space = 0, i;
695 	unsigned bcount = 0;
696 	struct buffer_head *bh;
697 	printk("%i indexed blocks...\n", count);
698 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++, entries++)
699 	{
700 		ext4_lblk_t block = dx_get_block(entries);
701 		ext4_lblk_t hash  = i ? dx_get_hash(entries): 0;
702 		u32 range = i < count - 1? (dx_get_hash(entries + 1) - hash): ~hash;
703 		struct stats stats;
704 		printk("%s%3u:%03u hash %8x/%8x ",levels?"":"   ", i, block, hash, range);
705 		bh = ext4_bread(NULL,dir, block, 0);
706 		if (!bh || IS_ERR(bh))
707 			continue;
708 		stats = levels?
709 		   dx_show_entries(hinfo, dir, ((struct dx_node *) bh->b_data)->entries, levels - 1):
710 		   dx_show_leaf(dir, hinfo, (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)
711 			bh->b_data, blocksize, 0);
712 		names += stats.names;
713 		space += stats.space;
714 		bcount += stats.bcount;
715 		brelse(bh);
716 	}
717 	if (bcount)
718 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "%snames %u, fullness %u (%u%%)\n",
719 		       levels ? "" : "   ", names, space/bcount,
720 		       (space/bcount)*100/blocksize);
721 	return (struct stats) { names, space, bcount};
722 }
723 #endif /* DX_DEBUG */
724 
725 /*
726  * Probe for a directory leaf block to search.
727  *
728  * dx_probe can return ERR_BAD_DX_DIR, which means there was a format
729  * error in the directory index, and the caller should fall back to
730  * searching the directory normally.  The callers of dx_probe **MUST**
731  * check for this error code, and make sure it never gets reflected
732  * back to userspace.
733  */
734 static struct dx_frame *
735 dx_probe(struct ext4_filename *fname, struct inode *dir,
736 	 struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, struct dx_frame *frame_in)
737 {
738 	unsigned count, indirect;
739 	struct dx_entry *at, *entries, *p, *q, *m;
740 	struct dx_root *root;
741 	struct dx_frame *frame = frame_in;
742 	struct dx_frame *ret_err = ERR_PTR(ERR_BAD_DX_DIR);
743 	u32 hash;
744 
745 	memset(frame_in, 0, EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL * sizeof(frame_in[0]));
746 	frame->bh = ext4_read_dirblock(dir, 0, INDEX);
747 	if (IS_ERR(frame->bh))
748 		return (struct dx_frame *) frame->bh;
749 
750 	root = (struct dx_root *) frame->bh->b_data;
751 	if (root->info.hash_version != DX_HASH_TEA &&
752 	    root->info.hash_version != DX_HASH_HALF_MD4 &&
753 	    root->info.hash_version != DX_HASH_LEGACY) {
754 		ext4_warning_inode(dir, "Unrecognised inode hash code %u",
755 				   root->info.hash_version);
756 		goto fail;
757 	}
758 	if (fname)
759 		hinfo = &fname->hinfo;
760 	hinfo->hash_version = root->info.hash_version;
761 	if (hinfo->hash_version <= DX_HASH_TEA)
762 		hinfo->hash_version += EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_unsigned;
763 	hinfo->seed = EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_seed;
764 	if (fname && fname_name(fname))
765 		ext4fs_dirhash(fname_name(fname), fname_len(fname), hinfo);
766 	hash = hinfo->hash;
767 
768 	if (root->info.unused_flags & 1) {
769 		ext4_warning_inode(dir, "Unimplemented hash flags: %#06x",
770 				   root->info.unused_flags);
771 		goto fail;
772 	}
773 
774 	indirect = root->info.indirect_levels;
775 	if (indirect >= ext4_dir_htree_level(dir->i_sb)) {
776 		ext4_warning(dir->i_sb,
777 			     "Directory (ino: %lu) htree depth %#06x exceed"
778 			     "supported value", dir->i_ino,
779 			     ext4_dir_htree_level(dir->i_sb));
780 		if (ext4_dir_htree_level(dir->i_sb) < EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL) {
781 			ext4_warning(dir->i_sb, "Enable large directory "
782 						"feature to access it");
783 		}
784 		goto fail;
785 	}
786 
787 	entries = (struct dx_entry *)(((char *)&root->info) +
788 				      root->info.info_length);
789 
790 	if (dx_get_limit(entries) != dx_root_limit(dir,
791 						   root->info.info_length)) {
792 		ext4_warning_inode(dir, "dx entry: limit %u != root limit %u",
793 				   dx_get_limit(entries),
794 				   dx_root_limit(dir, root->info.info_length));
795 		goto fail;
796 	}
797 
798 	dxtrace(printk("Look up %x", hash));
799 	while (1) {
800 		count = dx_get_count(entries);
801 		if (!count || count > dx_get_limit(entries)) {
802 			ext4_warning_inode(dir,
803 					   "dx entry: count %u beyond limit %u",
804 					   count, dx_get_limit(entries));
805 			goto fail;
806 		}
807 
808 		p = entries + 1;
809 		q = entries + count - 1;
810 		while (p <= q) {
811 			m = p + (q - p) / 2;
812 			dxtrace(printk(KERN_CONT "."));
813 			if (dx_get_hash(m) > hash)
814 				q = m - 1;
815 			else
816 				p = m + 1;
817 		}
818 
819 		if (0) { // linear search cross check
820 			unsigned n = count - 1;
821 			at = entries;
822 			while (n--)
823 			{
824 				dxtrace(printk(KERN_CONT ","));
825 				if (dx_get_hash(++at) > hash)
826 				{
827 					at--;
828 					break;
829 				}
830 			}
831 			assert (at == p - 1);
832 		}
833 
834 		at = p - 1;
835 		dxtrace(printk(KERN_CONT " %x->%u\n",
836 			       at == entries ? 0 : dx_get_hash(at),
837 			       dx_get_block(at)));
838 		frame->entries = entries;
839 		frame->at = at;
840 		if (!indirect--)
841 			return frame;
842 		frame++;
843 		frame->bh = ext4_read_dirblock(dir, dx_get_block(at), INDEX);
844 		if (IS_ERR(frame->bh)) {
845 			ret_err = (struct dx_frame *) frame->bh;
846 			frame->bh = NULL;
847 			goto fail;
848 		}
849 		entries = ((struct dx_node *) frame->bh->b_data)->entries;
850 
851 		if (dx_get_limit(entries) != dx_node_limit(dir)) {
852 			ext4_warning_inode(dir,
853 				"dx entry: limit %u != node limit %u",
854 				dx_get_limit(entries), dx_node_limit(dir));
855 			goto fail;
856 		}
857 	}
858 fail:
859 	while (frame >= frame_in) {
860 		brelse(frame->bh);
861 		frame--;
862 	}
863 
864 	if (ret_err == ERR_PTR(ERR_BAD_DX_DIR))
865 		ext4_warning_inode(dir,
866 			"Corrupt directory, running e2fsck is recommended");
867 	return ret_err;
868 }
869 
870 static void dx_release(struct dx_frame *frames)
871 {
872 	struct dx_root_info *info;
873 	int i;
874 
875 	if (frames[0].bh == NULL)
876 		return;
877 
878 	info = &((struct dx_root *)frames[0].bh->b_data)->info;
879 	for (i = 0; i <= info->indirect_levels; i++) {
880 		if (frames[i].bh == NULL)
881 			break;
882 		brelse(frames[i].bh);
883 		frames[i].bh = NULL;
884 	}
885 }
886 
887 /*
888  * This function increments the frame pointer to search the next leaf
889  * block, and reads in the necessary intervening nodes if the search
890  * should be necessary.  Whether or not the search is necessary is
891  * controlled by the hash parameter.  If the hash value is even, then
892  * the search is only continued if the next block starts with that
893  * hash value.  This is used if we are searching for a specific file.
894  *
895  * If the hash value is HASH_NB_ALWAYS, then always go to the next block.
896  *
897  * This function returns 1 if the caller should continue to search,
898  * or 0 if it should not.  If there is an error reading one of the
899  * index blocks, it will a negative error code.
900  *
901  * If start_hash is non-null, it will be filled in with the starting
902  * hash of the next page.
903  */
904 static int ext4_htree_next_block(struct inode *dir, __u32 hash,
905 				 struct dx_frame *frame,
906 				 struct dx_frame *frames,
907 				 __u32 *start_hash)
908 {
909 	struct dx_frame *p;
910 	struct buffer_head *bh;
911 	int num_frames = 0;
912 	__u32 bhash;
913 
914 	p = frame;
915 	/*
916 	 * Find the next leaf page by incrementing the frame pointer.
917 	 * If we run out of entries in the interior node, loop around and
918 	 * increment pointer in the parent node.  When we break out of
919 	 * this loop, num_frames indicates the number of interior
920 	 * nodes need to be read.
921 	 */
922 	while (1) {
923 		if (++(p->at) < p->entries + dx_get_count(p->entries))
924 			break;
925 		if (p == frames)
926 			return 0;
927 		num_frames++;
928 		p--;
929 	}
930 
931 	/*
932 	 * If the hash is 1, then continue only if the next page has a
933 	 * continuation hash of any value.  This is used for readdir
934 	 * handling.  Otherwise, check to see if the hash matches the
935 	 * desired contiuation hash.  If it doesn't, return since
936 	 * there's no point to read in the successive index pages.
937 	 */
938 	bhash = dx_get_hash(p->at);
939 	if (start_hash)
940 		*start_hash = bhash;
941 	if ((hash & 1) == 0) {
942 		if ((bhash & ~1) != hash)
943 			return 0;
944 	}
945 	/*
946 	 * If the hash is HASH_NB_ALWAYS, we always go to the next
947 	 * block so no check is necessary
948 	 */
949 	while (num_frames--) {
950 		bh = ext4_read_dirblock(dir, dx_get_block(p->at), INDEX);
951 		if (IS_ERR(bh))
952 			return PTR_ERR(bh);
953 		p++;
954 		brelse(p->bh);
955 		p->bh = bh;
956 		p->at = p->entries = ((struct dx_node *) bh->b_data)->entries;
957 	}
958 	return 1;
959 }
960 
961 
962 /*
963  * This function fills a red-black tree with information from a
964  * directory block.  It returns the number directory entries loaded
965  * into the tree.  If there is an error it is returned in err.
966  */
967 static int htree_dirblock_to_tree(struct file *dir_file,
968 				  struct inode *dir, ext4_lblk_t block,
969 				  struct dx_hash_info *hinfo,
970 				  __u32 start_hash, __u32 start_minor_hash)
971 {
972 	struct buffer_head *bh;
973 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de, *top;
974 	int err = 0, count = 0;
975 	struct fscrypt_str fname_crypto_str = FSTR_INIT(NULL, 0), tmp_str;
976 
977 	dxtrace(printk(KERN_INFO "In htree dirblock_to_tree: block %lu\n",
978 							(unsigned long)block));
979 	bh = ext4_read_dirblock(dir, block, DIRENT);
980 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
981 		return PTR_ERR(bh);
982 
983 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
984 	top = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) ((char *) de +
985 					   dir->i_sb->s_blocksize -
986 					   EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(0));
987 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
988 	/* Check if the directory is encrypted */
989 	if (ext4_encrypted_inode(dir)) {
990 		err = fscrypt_get_encryption_info(dir);
991 		if (err < 0) {
992 			brelse(bh);
993 			return err;
994 		}
995 		err = fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer(dir, EXT4_NAME_LEN,
996 						     &fname_crypto_str);
997 		if (err < 0) {
998 			brelse(bh);
999 			return err;
1000 		}
1001 	}
1002 #endif
1003 	for (; de < top; de = ext4_next_entry(de, dir->i_sb->s_blocksize)) {
1004 		if (ext4_check_dir_entry(dir, NULL, de, bh,
1005 				bh->b_data, bh->b_size,
1006 				(block<<EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(dir->i_sb))
1007 					 + ((char *)de - bh->b_data))) {
1008 			/* silently ignore the rest of the block */
1009 			break;
1010 		}
1011 		ext4fs_dirhash(de->name, de->name_len, hinfo);
1012 		if ((hinfo->hash < start_hash) ||
1013 		    ((hinfo->hash == start_hash) &&
1014 		     (hinfo->minor_hash < start_minor_hash)))
1015 			continue;
1016 		if (de->inode == 0)
1017 			continue;
1018 		if (!ext4_encrypted_inode(dir)) {
1019 			tmp_str.name = de->name;
1020 			tmp_str.len = de->name_len;
1021 			err = ext4_htree_store_dirent(dir_file,
1022 				   hinfo->hash, hinfo->minor_hash, de,
1023 				   &tmp_str);
1024 		} else {
1025 			int save_len = fname_crypto_str.len;
1026 			struct fscrypt_str de_name = FSTR_INIT(de->name,
1027 								de->name_len);
1028 
1029 			/* Directory is encrypted */
1030 			err = fscrypt_fname_disk_to_usr(dir, hinfo->hash,
1031 					hinfo->minor_hash, &de_name,
1032 					&fname_crypto_str);
1033 			if (err) {
1034 				count = err;
1035 				goto errout;
1036 			}
1037 			err = ext4_htree_store_dirent(dir_file,
1038 				   hinfo->hash, hinfo->minor_hash, de,
1039 					&fname_crypto_str);
1040 			fname_crypto_str.len = save_len;
1041 		}
1042 		if (err != 0) {
1043 			count = err;
1044 			goto errout;
1045 		}
1046 		count++;
1047 	}
1048 errout:
1049 	brelse(bh);
1050 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
1051 	fscrypt_fname_free_buffer(&fname_crypto_str);
1052 #endif
1053 	return count;
1054 }
1055 
1056 
1057 /*
1058  * This function fills a red-black tree with information from a
1059  * directory.  We start scanning the directory in hash order, starting
1060  * at start_hash and start_minor_hash.
1061  *
1062  * This function returns the number of entries inserted into the tree,
1063  * or a negative error code.
1064  */
1065 int ext4_htree_fill_tree(struct file *dir_file, __u32 start_hash,
1066 			 __u32 start_minor_hash, __u32 *next_hash)
1067 {
1068 	struct dx_hash_info hinfo;
1069 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
1070 	struct dx_frame frames[EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL], *frame;
1071 	struct inode *dir;
1072 	ext4_lblk_t block;
1073 	int count = 0;
1074 	int ret, err;
1075 	__u32 hashval;
1076 	struct fscrypt_str tmp_str;
1077 
1078 	dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "In htree_fill_tree, start hash: %x:%x\n",
1079 		       start_hash, start_minor_hash));
1080 	dir = file_inode(dir_file);
1081 	if (!(ext4_test_inode_flag(dir, EXT4_INODE_INDEX))) {
1082 		hinfo.hash_version = EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_def_hash_version;
1083 		if (hinfo.hash_version <= DX_HASH_TEA)
1084 			hinfo.hash_version +=
1085 				EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_unsigned;
1086 		hinfo.seed = EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_seed;
1087 		if (ext4_has_inline_data(dir)) {
1088 			int has_inline_data = 1;
1089 			count = htree_inlinedir_to_tree(dir_file, dir, 0,
1090 							&hinfo, start_hash,
1091 							start_minor_hash,
1092 							&has_inline_data);
1093 			if (has_inline_data) {
1094 				*next_hash = ~0;
1095 				return count;
1096 			}
1097 		}
1098 		count = htree_dirblock_to_tree(dir_file, dir, 0, &hinfo,
1099 					       start_hash, start_minor_hash);
1100 		*next_hash = ~0;
1101 		return count;
1102 	}
1103 	hinfo.hash = start_hash;
1104 	hinfo.minor_hash = 0;
1105 	frame = dx_probe(NULL, dir, &hinfo, frames);
1106 	if (IS_ERR(frame))
1107 		return PTR_ERR(frame);
1108 
1109 	/* Add '.' and '..' from the htree header */
1110 	if (!start_hash && !start_minor_hash) {
1111 		de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) frames[0].bh->b_data;
1112 		tmp_str.name = de->name;
1113 		tmp_str.len = de->name_len;
1114 		err = ext4_htree_store_dirent(dir_file, 0, 0,
1115 					      de, &tmp_str);
1116 		if (err != 0)
1117 			goto errout;
1118 		count++;
1119 	}
1120 	if (start_hash < 2 || (start_hash ==2 && start_minor_hash==0)) {
1121 		de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) frames[0].bh->b_data;
1122 		de = ext4_next_entry(de, dir->i_sb->s_blocksize);
1123 		tmp_str.name = de->name;
1124 		tmp_str.len = de->name_len;
1125 		err = ext4_htree_store_dirent(dir_file, 2, 0,
1126 					      de, &tmp_str);
1127 		if (err != 0)
1128 			goto errout;
1129 		count++;
1130 	}
1131 
1132 	while (1) {
1133 		if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
1134 			err = -ERESTARTSYS;
1135 			goto errout;
1136 		}
1137 		cond_resched();
1138 		block = dx_get_block(frame->at);
1139 		ret = htree_dirblock_to_tree(dir_file, dir, block, &hinfo,
1140 					     start_hash, start_minor_hash);
1141 		if (ret < 0) {
1142 			err = ret;
1143 			goto errout;
1144 		}
1145 		count += ret;
1146 		hashval = ~0;
1147 		ret = ext4_htree_next_block(dir, HASH_NB_ALWAYS,
1148 					    frame, frames, &hashval);
1149 		*next_hash = hashval;
1150 		if (ret < 0) {
1151 			err = ret;
1152 			goto errout;
1153 		}
1154 		/*
1155 		 * Stop if:  (a) there are no more entries, or
1156 		 * (b) we have inserted at least one entry and the
1157 		 * next hash value is not a continuation
1158 		 */
1159 		if ((ret == 0) ||
1160 		    (count && ((hashval & 1) == 0)))
1161 			break;
1162 	}
1163 	dx_release(frames);
1164 	dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "Fill tree: returned %d entries, "
1165 		       "next hash: %x\n", count, *next_hash));
1166 	return count;
1167 errout:
1168 	dx_release(frames);
1169 	return (err);
1170 }
1171 
1172 static inline int search_dirblock(struct buffer_head *bh,
1173 				  struct inode *dir,
1174 				  struct ext4_filename *fname,
1175 				  unsigned int offset,
1176 				  struct ext4_dir_entry_2 **res_dir)
1177 {
1178 	return ext4_search_dir(bh, bh->b_data, dir->i_sb->s_blocksize, dir,
1179 			       fname, offset, res_dir);
1180 }
1181 
1182 /*
1183  * Directory block splitting, compacting
1184  */
1185 
1186 /*
1187  * Create map of hash values, offsets, and sizes, stored at end of block.
1188  * Returns number of entries mapped.
1189  */
1190 static int dx_make_map(struct inode *dir, struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de,
1191 		       unsigned blocksize, struct dx_hash_info *hinfo,
1192 		       struct dx_map_entry *map_tail)
1193 {
1194 	int count = 0;
1195 	char *base = (char *) de;
1196 	struct dx_hash_info h = *hinfo;
1197 
1198 	while ((char *) de < base + blocksize) {
1199 		if (de->name_len && de->inode) {
1200 			ext4fs_dirhash(de->name, de->name_len, &h);
1201 			map_tail--;
1202 			map_tail->hash = h.hash;
1203 			map_tail->offs = ((char *) de - base)>>2;
1204 			map_tail->size = le16_to_cpu(de->rec_len);
1205 			count++;
1206 			cond_resched();
1207 		}
1208 		/* XXX: do we need to check rec_len == 0 case? -Chris */
1209 		de = ext4_next_entry(de, blocksize);
1210 	}
1211 	return count;
1212 }
1213 
1214 /* Sort map by hash value */
1215 static void dx_sort_map (struct dx_map_entry *map, unsigned count)
1216 {
1217 	struct dx_map_entry *p, *q, *top = map + count - 1;
1218 	int more;
1219 	/* Combsort until bubble sort doesn't suck */
1220 	while (count > 2) {
1221 		count = count*10/13;
1222 		if (count - 9 < 2) /* 9, 10 -> 11 */
1223 			count = 11;
1224 		for (p = top, q = p - count; q >= map; p--, q--)
1225 			if (p->hash < q->hash)
1226 				swap(*p, *q);
1227 	}
1228 	/* Garden variety bubble sort */
1229 	do {
1230 		more = 0;
1231 		q = top;
1232 		while (q-- > map) {
1233 			if (q[1].hash >= q[0].hash)
1234 				continue;
1235 			swap(*(q+1), *q);
1236 			more = 1;
1237 		}
1238 	} while(more);
1239 }
1240 
1241 static void dx_insert_block(struct dx_frame *frame, u32 hash, ext4_lblk_t block)
1242 {
1243 	struct dx_entry *entries = frame->entries;
1244 	struct dx_entry *old = frame->at, *new = old + 1;
1245 	int count = dx_get_count(entries);
1246 
1247 	assert(count < dx_get_limit(entries));
1248 	assert(old < entries + count);
1249 	memmove(new + 1, new, (char *)(entries + count) - (char *)(new));
1250 	dx_set_hash(new, hash);
1251 	dx_set_block(new, block);
1252 	dx_set_count(entries, count + 1);
1253 }
1254 
1255 /*
1256  * Test whether a directory entry matches the filename being searched for.
1257  *
1258  * Return: %true if the directory entry matches, otherwise %false.
1259  */
1260 static inline bool ext4_match(const struct ext4_filename *fname,
1261 			      const struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de)
1262 {
1263 	struct fscrypt_name f;
1264 
1265 	if (!de->inode)
1266 		return false;
1267 
1268 	f.usr_fname = fname->usr_fname;
1269 	f.disk_name = fname->disk_name;
1270 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
1271 	f.crypto_buf = fname->crypto_buf;
1272 #endif
1273 	return fscrypt_match_name(&f, de->name, de->name_len);
1274 }
1275 
1276 /*
1277  * Returns 0 if not found, -1 on failure, and 1 on success
1278  */
1279 int ext4_search_dir(struct buffer_head *bh, char *search_buf, int buf_size,
1280 		    struct inode *dir, struct ext4_filename *fname,
1281 		    unsigned int offset, struct ext4_dir_entry_2 **res_dir)
1282 {
1283 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 * de;
1284 	char * dlimit;
1285 	int de_len;
1286 
1287 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)search_buf;
1288 	dlimit = search_buf + buf_size;
1289 	while ((char *) de < dlimit) {
1290 		/* this code is executed quadratically often */
1291 		/* do minimal checking `by hand' */
1292 		if ((char *) de + de->name_len <= dlimit &&
1293 		    ext4_match(fname, de)) {
1294 			/* found a match - just to be sure, do
1295 			 * a full check */
1296 			if (ext4_check_dir_entry(dir, NULL, de, bh, bh->b_data,
1297 						 bh->b_size, offset))
1298 				return -1;
1299 			*res_dir = de;
1300 			return 1;
1301 		}
1302 		/* prevent looping on a bad block */
1303 		de_len = ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len,
1304 						dir->i_sb->s_blocksize);
1305 		if (de_len <= 0)
1306 			return -1;
1307 		offset += de_len;
1308 		de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) ((char *) de + de_len);
1309 	}
1310 	return 0;
1311 }
1312 
1313 static int is_dx_internal_node(struct inode *dir, ext4_lblk_t block,
1314 			       struct ext4_dir_entry *de)
1315 {
1316 	struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
1317 
1318 	if (!is_dx(dir))
1319 		return 0;
1320 	if (block == 0)
1321 		return 1;
1322 	if (de->inode == 0 &&
1323 	    ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len, sb->s_blocksize) ==
1324 			sb->s_blocksize)
1325 		return 1;
1326 	return 0;
1327 }
1328 
1329 /*
1330  *	ext4_find_entry()
1331  *
1332  * finds an entry in the specified directory with the wanted name. It
1333  * returns the cache buffer in which the entry was found, and the entry
1334  * itself (as a parameter - res_dir). It does NOT read the inode of the
1335  * entry - you'll have to do that yourself if you want to.
1336  *
1337  * The returned buffer_head has ->b_count elevated.  The caller is expected
1338  * to brelse() it when appropriate.
1339  */
1340 static struct buffer_head * ext4_find_entry (struct inode *dir,
1341 					const struct qstr *d_name,
1342 					struct ext4_dir_entry_2 **res_dir,
1343 					int *inlined)
1344 {
1345 	struct super_block *sb;
1346 	struct buffer_head *bh_use[NAMEI_RA_SIZE];
1347 	struct buffer_head *bh, *ret = NULL;
1348 	ext4_lblk_t start, block;
1349 	const u8 *name = d_name->name;
1350 	size_t ra_max = 0;	/* Number of bh's in the readahead
1351 				   buffer, bh_use[] */
1352 	size_t ra_ptr = 0;	/* Current index into readahead
1353 				   buffer */
1354 	ext4_lblk_t  nblocks;
1355 	int i, namelen, retval;
1356 	struct ext4_filename fname;
1357 
1358 	*res_dir = NULL;
1359 	sb = dir->i_sb;
1360 	namelen = d_name->len;
1361 	if (namelen > EXT4_NAME_LEN)
1362 		return NULL;
1363 
1364 	retval = ext4_fname_setup_filename(dir, d_name, 1, &fname);
1365 	if (retval == -ENOENT)
1366 		return NULL;
1367 	if (retval)
1368 		return ERR_PTR(retval);
1369 
1370 	if (ext4_has_inline_data(dir)) {
1371 		int has_inline_data = 1;
1372 		ret = ext4_find_inline_entry(dir, &fname, res_dir,
1373 					     &has_inline_data);
1374 		if (has_inline_data) {
1375 			if (inlined)
1376 				*inlined = 1;
1377 			goto cleanup_and_exit;
1378 		}
1379 	}
1380 
1381 	if ((namelen <= 2) && (name[0] == '.') &&
1382 	    (name[1] == '.' || name[1] == '\0')) {
1383 		/*
1384 		 * "." or ".." will only be in the first block
1385 		 * NFS may look up ".."; "." should be handled by the VFS
1386 		 */
1387 		block = start = 0;
1388 		nblocks = 1;
1389 		goto restart;
1390 	}
1391 	if (is_dx(dir)) {
1392 		ret = ext4_dx_find_entry(dir, &fname, res_dir);
1393 		/*
1394 		 * On success, or if the error was file not found,
1395 		 * return.  Otherwise, fall back to doing a search the
1396 		 * old fashioned way.
1397 		 */
1398 		if (!IS_ERR(ret) || PTR_ERR(ret) != ERR_BAD_DX_DIR)
1399 			goto cleanup_and_exit;
1400 		dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "ext4_find_entry: dx failed, "
1401 			       "falling back\n"));
1402 		ret = NULL;
1403 	}
1404 	nblocks = dir->i_size >> EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
1405 	if (!nblocks) {
1406 		ret = NULL;
1407 		goto cleanup_and_exit;
1408 	}
1409 	start = EXT4_I(dir)->i_dir_start_lookup;
1410 	if (start >= nblocks)
1411 		start = 0;
1412 	block = start;
1413 restart:
1414 	do {
1415 		/*
1416 		 * We deal with the read-ahead logic here.
1417 		 */
1418 		if (ra_ptr >= ra_max) {
1419 			/* Refill the readahead buffer */
1420 			ra_ptr = 0;
1421 			if (block < start)
1422 				ra_max = start - block;
1423 			else
1424 				ra_max = nblocks - block;
1425 			ra_max = min(ra_max, ARRAY_SIZE(bh_use));
1426 			retval = ext4_bread_batch(dir, block, ra_max,
1427 						  false /* wait */, bh_use);
1428 			if (retval) {
1429 				ret = ERR_PTR(retval);
1430 				ra_max = 0;
1431 				goto cleanup_and_exit;
1432 			}
1433 		}
1434 		if ((bh = bh_use[ra_ptr++]) == NULL)
1435 			goto next;
1436 		wait_on_buffer(bh);
1437 		if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
1438 			EXT4_ERROR_INODE(dir, "reading directory lblock %lu",
1439 					 (unsigned long) block);
1440 			brelse(bh);
1441 			ret = ERR_PTR(-EIO);
1442 			goto cleanup_and_exit;
1443 		}
1444 		if (!buffer_verified(bh) &&
1445 		    !is_dx_internal_node(dir, block,
1446 					 (struct ext4_dir_entry *)bh->b_data) &&
1447 		    !ext4_dirent_csum_verify(dir,
1448 				(struct ext4_dir_entry *)bh->b_data)) {
1449 			EXT4_ERROR_INODE(dir, "checksumming directory "
1450 					 "block %lu", (unsigned long)block);
1451 			brelse(bh);
1452 			ret = ERR_PTR(-EFSBADCRC);
1453 			goto cleanup_and_exit;
1454 		}
1455 		set_buffer_verified(bh);
1456 		i = search_dirblock(bh, dir, &fname,
1457 			    block << EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb), res_dir);
1458 		if (i == 1) {
1459 			EXT4_I(dir)->i_dir_start_lookup = block;
1460 			ret = bh;
1461 			goto cleanup_and_exit;
1462 		} else {
1463 			brelse(bh);
1464 			if (i < 0)
1465 				goto cleanup_and_exit;
1466 		}
1467 	next:
1468 		if (++block >= nblocks)
1469 			block = 0;
1470 	} while (block != start);
1471 
1472 	/*
1473 	 * If the directory has grown while we were searching, then
1474 	 * search the last part of the directory before giving up.
1475 	 */
1476 	block = nblocks;
1477 	nblocks = dir->i_size >> EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
1478 	if (block < nblocks) {
1479 		start = 0;
1480 		goto restart;
1481 	}
1482 
1483 cleanup_and_exit:
1484 	/* Clean up the read-ahead blocks */
1485 	for (; ra_ptr < ra_max; ra_ptr++)
1486 		brelse(bh_use[ra_ptr]);
1487 	ext4_fname_free_filename(&fname);
1488 	return ret;
1489 }
1490 
1491 static struct buffer_head * ext4_dx_find_entry(struct inode *dir,
1492 			struct ext4_filename *fname,
1493 			struct ext4_dir_entry_2 **res_dir)
1494 {
1495 	struct super_block * sb = dir->i_sb;
1496 	struct dx_frame frames[EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL], *frame;
1497 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1498 	ext4_lblk_t block;
1499 	int retval;
1500 
1501 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
1502 	*res_dir = NULL;
1503 #endif
1504 	frame = dx_probe(fname, dir, NULL, frames);
1505 	if (IS_ERR(frame))
1506 		return (struct buffer_head *) frame;
1507 	do {
1508 		block = dx_get_block(frame->at);
1509 		bh = ext4_read_dirblock(dir, block, DIRENT);
1510 		if (IS_ERR(bh))
1511 			goto errout;
1512 
1513 		retval = search_dirblock(bh, dir, fname,
1514 					 block << EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb),
1515 					 res_dir);
1516 		if (retval == 1)
1517 			goto success;
1518 		brelse(bh);
1519 		if (retval == -1) {
1520 			bh = ERR_PTR(ERR_BAD_DX_DIR);
1521 			goto errout;
1522 		}
1523 
1524 		/* Check to see if we should continue to search */
1525 		retval = ext4_htree_next_block(dir, fname->hinfo.hash, frame,
1526 					       frames, NULL);
1527 		if (retval < 0) {
1528 			ext4_warning_inode(dir,
1529 				"error %d reading directory index block",
1530 				retval);
1531 			bh = ERR_PTR(retval);
1532 			goto errout;
1533 		}
1534 	} while (retval == 1);
1535 
1536 	bh = NULL;
1537 errout:
1538 	dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s not found\n", fname->usr_fname->name));
1539 success:
1540 	dx_release(frames);
1541 	return bh;
1542 }
1543 
1544 static struct dentry *ext4_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
1545 {
1546 	struct inode *inode;
1547 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
1548 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1549 	int err;
1550 
1551 	err = fscrypt_prepare_lookup(dir, dentry, flags);
1552 	if (err)
1553 		return ERR_PTR(err);
1554 
1555 	if (dentry->d_name.len > EXT4_NAME_LEN)
1556 		return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
1557 
1558 	bh = ext4_find_entry(dir, &dentry->d_name, &de, NULL);
1559 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
1560 		return ERR_CAST(bh);
1561 	inode = NULL;
1562 	if (bh) {
1563 		__u32 ino = le32_to_cpu(de->inode);
1564 		brelse(bh);
1565 		if (!ext4_valid_inum(dir->i_sb, ino)) {
1566 			EXT4_ERROR_INODE(dir, "bad inode number: %u", ino);
1567 			return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
1568 		}
1569 		if (unlikely(ino == dir->i_ino)) {
1570 			EXT4_ERROR_INODE(dir, "'%pd' linked to parent dir",
1571 					 dentry);
1572 			return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
1573 		}
1574 		inode = ext4_iget(dir->i_sb, ino, EXT4_IGET_NORMAL);
1575 		if (inode == ERR_PTR(-ESTALE)) {
1576 			EXT4_ERROR_INODE(dir,
1577 					 "deleted inode referenced: %u",
1578 					 ino);
1579 			return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
1580 		}
1581 		if (!IS_ERR(inode) && ext4_encrypted_inode(dir) &&
1582 		    (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)) &&
1583 		    !fscrypt_has_permitted_context(dir, inode)) {
1584 			ext4_warning(inode->i_sb,
1585 				     "Inconsistent encryption contexts: %lu/%lu",
1586 				     dir->i_ino, inode->i_ino);
1587 			iput(inode);
1588 			return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
1589 		}
1590 	}
1591 	return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
1592 }
1593 
1594 
1595 struct dentry *ext4_get_parent(struct dentry *child)
1596 {
1597 	__u32 ino;
1598 	static const struct qstr dotdot = QSTR_INIT("..", 2);
1599 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 * de;
1600 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1601 
1602 	bh = ext4_find_entry(d_inode(child), &dotdot, &de, NULL);
1603 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
1604 		return ERR_CAST(bh);
1605 	if (!bh)
1606 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
1607 	ino = le32_to_cpu(de->inode);
1608 	brelse(bh);
1609 
1610 	if (!ext4_valid_inum(child->d_sb, ino)) {
1611 		EXT4_ERROR_INODE(d_inode(child),
1612 				 "bad parent inode number: %u", ino);
1613 		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
1614 	}
1615 
1616 	return d_obtain_alias(ext4_iget(child->d_sb, ino, EXT4_IGET_NORMAL));
1617 }
1618 
1619 /*
1620  * Move count entries from end of map between two memory locations.
1621  * Returns pointer to last entry moved.
1622  */
1623 static struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *
1624 dx_move_dirents(char *from, char *to, struct dx_map_entry *map, int count,
1625 		unsigned blocksize)
1626 {
1627 	unsigned rec_len = 0;
1628 
1629 	while (count--) {
1630 		struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)
1631 						(from + (map->offs<<2));
1632 		rec_len = EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
1633 		memcpy (to, de, rec_len);
1634 		((struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) to)->rec_len =
1635 				ext4_rec_len_to_disk(rec_len, blocksize);
1636 		de->inode = 0;
1637 		map++;
1638 		to += rec_len;
1639 	}
1640 	return (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) (to - rec_len);
1641 }
1642 
1643 /*
1644  * Compact each dir entry in the range to the minimal rec_len.
1645  * Returns pointer to last entry in range.
1646  */
1647 static struct ext4_dir_entry_2* dx_pack_dirents(char *base, unsigned blocksize)
1648 {
1649 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *next, *to, *prev, *de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) base;
1650 	unsigned rec_len = 0;
1651 
1652 	prev = to = de;
1653 	while ((char*)de < base + blocksize) {
1654 		next = ext4_next_entry(de, blocksize);
1655 		if (de->inode && de->name_len) {
1656 			rec_len = EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
1657 			if (de > to)
1658 				memmove(to, de, rec_len);
1659 			to->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(rec_len, blocksize);
1660 			prev = to;
1661 			to = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) (((char *) to) + rec_len);
1662 		}
1663 		de = next;
1664 	}
1665 	return prev;
1666 }
1667 
1668 /*
1669  * Split a full leaf block to make room for a new dir entry.
1670  * Allocate a new block, and move entries so that they are approx. equally full.
1671  * Returns pointer to de in block into which the new entry will be inserted.
1672  */
1673 static struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *do_split(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
1674 			struct buffer_head **bh,struct dx_frame *frame,
1675 			struct dx_hash_info *hinfo)
1676 {
1677 	unsigned blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
1678 	unsigned count, continued;
1679 	struct buffer_head *bh2;
1680 	ext4_lblk_t newblock;
1681 	u32 hash2;
1682 	struct dx_map_entry *map;
1683 	char *data1 = (*bh)->b_data, *data2;
1684 	unsigned split, move, size;
1685 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de = NULL, *de2;
1686 	struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t;
1687 	int	csum_size = 0;
1688 	int	err = 0, i;
1689 
1690 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(dir->i_sb))
1691 		csum_size = sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail);
1692 
1693 	bh2 = ext4_append(handle, dir, &newblock);
1694 	if (IS_ERR(bh2)) {
1695 		brelse(*bh);
1696 		*bh = NULL;
1697 		return (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) bh2;
1698 	}
1699 
1700 	BUFFER_TRACE(*bh, "get_write_access");
1701 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, *bh);
1702 	if (err)
1703 		goto journal_error;
1704 
1705 	BUFFER_TRACE(frame->bh, "get_write_access");
1706 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, frame->bh);
1707 	if (err)
1708 		goto journal_error;
1709 
1710 	data2 = bh2->b_data;
1711 
1712 	/* create map in the end of data2 block */
1713 	map = (struct dx_map_entry *) (data2 + blocksize);
1714 	count = dx_make_map(dir, (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) data1,
1715 			     blocksize, hinfo, map);
1716 	map -= count;
1717 	dx_sort_map(map, count);
1718 	/* Split the existing block in the middle, size-wise */
1719 	size = 0;
1720 	move = 0;
1721 	for (i = count-1; i >= 0; i--) {
1722 		/* is more than half of this entry in 2nd half of the block? */
1723 		if (size + map[i].size/2 > blocksize/2)
1724 			break;
1725 		size += map[i].size;
1726 		move++;
1727 	}
1728 	/* map index at which we will split */
1729 	split = count - move;
1730 	hash2 = map[split].hash;
1731 	continued = hash2 == map[split - 1].hash;
1732 	dxtrace(printk(KERN_INFO "Split block %lu at %x, %i/%i\n",
1733 			(unsigned long)dx_get_block(frame->at),
1734 					hash2, split, count-split));
1735 
1736 	/* Fancy dance to stay within two buffers */
1737 	de2 = dx_move_dirents(data1, data2, map + split, count - split,
1738 			      blocksize);
1739 	de = dx_pack_dirents(data1, blocksize);
1740 	de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(data1 + (blocksize - csum_size) -
1741 					   (char *) de,
1742 					   blocksize);
1743 	de2->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(data2 + (blocksize - csum_size) -
1744 					    (char *) de2,
1745 					    blocksize);
1746 	if (csum_size) {
1747 		t = EXT4_DIRENT_TAIL(data2, blocksize);
1748 		initialize_dirent_tail(t, blocksize);
1749 
1750 		t = EXT4_DIRENT_TAIL(data1, blocksize);
1751 		initialize_dirent_tail(t, blocksize);
1752 	}
1753 
1754 	dxtrace(dx_show_leaf(dir, hinfo, (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) data1,
1755 			blocksize, 1));
1756 	dxtrace(dx_show_leaf(dir, hinfo, (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) data2,
1757 			blocksize, 1));
1758 
1759 	/* Which block gets the new entry? */
1760 	if (hinfo->hash >= hash2) {
1761 		swap(*bh, bh2);
1762 		de = de2;
1763 	}
1764 	dx_insert_block(frame, hash2 + continued, newblock);
1765 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle, dir, bh2);
1766 	if (err)
1767 		goto journal_error;
1768 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle, dir, frame->bh);
1769 	if (err)
1770 		goto journal_error;
1771 	brelse(bh2);
1772 	dxtrace(dx_show_index("frame", frame->entries));
1773 	return de;
1774 
1775 journal_error:
1776 	brelse(*bh);
1777 	brelse(bh2);
1778 	*bh = NULL;
1779 	ext4_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
1780 	return ERR_PTR(err);
1781 }
1782 
1783 int ext4_find_dest_de(struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode,
1784 		      struct buffer_head *bh,
1785 		      void *buf, int buf_size,
1786 		      struct ext4_filename *fname,
1787 		      struct ext4_dir_entry_2 **dest_de)
1788 {
1789 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
1790 	unsigned short reclen = EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(fname_len(fname));
1791 	int nlen, rlen;
1792 	unsigned int offset = 0;
1793 	char *top;
1794 
1795 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)buf;
1796 	top = buf + buf_size - reclen;
1797 	while ((char *) de <= top) {
1798 		if (ext4_check_dir_entry(dir, NULL, de, bh,
1799 					 buf, buf_size, offset))
1800 			return -EFSCORRUPTED;
1801 		if (ext4_match(fname, de))
1802 			return -EEXIST;
1803 		nlen = EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
1804 		rlen = ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len, buf_size);
1805 		if ((de->inode ? rlen - nlen : rlen) >= reclen)
1806 			break;
1807 		de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)de + rlen);
1808 		offset += rlen;
1809 	}
1810 	if ((char *) de > top)
1811 		return -ENOSPC;
1812 
1813 	*dest_de = de;
1814 	return 0;
1815 }
1816 
1817 void ext4_insert_dentry(struct inode *inode,
1818 			struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de,
1819 			int buf_size,
1820 			struct ext4_filename *fname)
1821 {
1822 
1823 	int nlen, rlen;
1824 
1825 	nlen = EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
1826 	rlen = ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len, buf_size);
1827 	if (de->inode) {
1828 		struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de1 =
1829 			(struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)de + nlen);
1830 		de1->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(rlen - nlen, buf_size);
1831 		de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(nlen, buf_size);
1832 		de = de1;
1833 	}
1834 	de->file_type = EXT4_FT_UNKNOWN;
1835 	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
1836 	ext4_set_de_type(inode->i_sb, de, inode->i_mode);
1837 	de->name_len = fname_len(fname);
1838 	memcpy(de->name, fname_name(fname), fname_len(fname));
1839 }
1840 
1841 /*
1842  * Add a new entry into a directory (leaf) block.  If de is non-NULL,
1843  * it points to a directory entry which is guaranteed to be large
1844  * enough for new directory entry.  If de is NULL, then
1845  * add_dirent_to_buf will attempt search the directory block for
1846  * space.  It will return -ENOSPC if no space is available, and -EIO
1847  * and -EEXIST if directory entry already exists.
1848  */
1849 static int add_dirent_to_buf(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
1850 			     struct inode *dir,
1851 			     struct inode *inode, struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de,
1852 			     struct buffer_head *bh)
1853 {
1854 	unsigned int	blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
1855 	int		csum_size = 0;
1856 	int		err;
1857 
1858 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb))
1859 		csum_size = sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail);
1860 
1861 	if (!de) {
1862 		err = ext4_find_dest_de(dir, inode, bh, bh->b_data,
1863 					blocksize - csum_size, fname, &de);
1864 		if (err)
1865 			return err;
1866 	}
1867 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
1868 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
1869 	if (err) {
1870 		ext4_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
1871 		return err;
1872 	}
1873 
1874 	/* By now the buffer is marked for journaling */
1875 	ext4_insert_dentry(inode, de, blocksize, fname);
1876 
1877 	/*
1878 	 * XXX shouldn't update any times until successful
1879 	 * completion of syscall, but too many callers depend
1880 	 * on this.
1881 	 *
1882 	 * XXX similarly, too many callers depend on
1883 	 * ext4_new_inode() setting the times, but error
1884 	 * recovery deletes the inode, so the worst that can
1885 	 * happen is that the times are slightly out of date
1886 	 * and/or different from the directory change time.
1887 	 */
1888 	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
1889 	ext4_update_dx_flag(dir);
1890 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
1891 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
1892 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
1893 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle, dir, bh);
1894 	if (err)
1895 		ext4_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
1896 	return 0;
1897 }
1898 
1899 /*
1900  * This converts a one block unindexed directory to a 3 block indexed
1901  * directory, and adds the dentry to the indexed directory.
1902  */
1903 static int make_indexed_dir(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
1904 			    struct inode *dir,
1905 			    struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
1906 {
1907 	struct buffer_head *bh2;
1908 	struct dx_root	*root;
1909 	struct dx_frame	frames[EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL], *frame;
1910 	struct dx_entry *entries;
1911 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2	*de, *de2;
1912 	struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t;
1913 	char		*data1, *top;
1914 	unsigned	len;
1915 	int		retval;
1916 	unsigned	blocksize;
1917 	ext4_lblk_t  block;
1918 	struct fake_dirent *fde;
1919 	int csum_size = 0;
1920 
1921 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb))
1922 		csum_size = sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail);
1923 
1924 	blocksize =  dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
1925 	dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "Creating index: inode %lu\n", dir->i_ino));
1926 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
1927 	retval = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
1928 	if (retval) {
1929 		ext4_std_error(dir->i_sb, retval);
1930 		brelse(bh);
1931 		return retval;
1932 	}
1933 	root = (struct dx_root *) bh->b_data;
1934 
1935 	/* The 0th block becomes the root, move the dirents out */
1936 	fde = &root->dotdot;
1937 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)fde +
1938 		ext4_rec_len_from_disk(fde->rec_len, blocksize));
1939 	if ((char *) de >= (((char *) root) + blocksize)) {
1940 		EXT4_ERROR_INODE(dir, "invalid rec_len for '..'");
1941 		brelse(bh);
1942 		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
1943 	}
1944 	len = ((char *) root) + (blocksize - csum_size) - (char *) de;
1945 
1946 	/* Allocate new block for the 0th block's dirents */
1947 	bh2 = ext4_append(handle, dir, &block);
1948 	if (IS_ERR(bh2)) {
1949 		brelse(bh);
1950 		return PTR_ERR(bh2);
1951 	}
1952 	ext4_set_inode_flag(dir, EXT4_INODE_INDEX);
1953 	data1 = bh2->b_data;
1954 
1955 	memcpy (data1, de, len);
1956 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) data1;
1957 	top = data1 + len;
1958 	while ((char *)(de2 = ext4_next_entry(de, blocksize)) < top)
1959 		de = de2;
1960 	de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(data1 + (blocksize - csum_size) -
1961 					   (char *) de,
1962 					   blocksize);
1963 
1964 	if (csum_size) {
1965 		t = EXT4_DIRENT_TAIL(data1, blocksize);
1966 		initialize_dirent_tail(t, blocksize);
1967 	}
1968 
1969 	/* Initialize the root; the dot dirents already exist */
1970 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) (&root->dotdot);
1971 	de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(blocksize - EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(2),
1972 					   blocksize);
1973 	memset (&root->info, 0, sizeof(root->info));
1974 	root->info.info_length = sizeof(root->info);
1975 	root->info.hash_version = EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_def_hash_version;
1976 	entries = root->entries;
1977 	dx_set_block(entries, 1);
1978 	dx_set_count(entries, 1);
1979 	dx_set_limit(entries, dx_root_limit(dir, sizeof(root->info)));
1980 
1981 	/* Initialize as for dx_probe */
1982 	fname->hinfo.hash_version = root->info.hash_version;
1983 	if (fname->hinfo.hash_version <= DX_HASH_TEA)
1984 		fname->hinfo.hash_version += EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_unsigned;
1985 	fname->hinfo.seed = EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_seed;
1986 	ext4fs_dirhash(fname_name(fname), fname_len(fname), &fname->hinfo);
1987 
1988 	memset(frames, 0, sizeof(frames));
1989 	frame = frames;
1990 	frame->entries = entries;
1991 	frame->at = entries;
1992 	frame->bh = bh;
1993 
1994 	retval = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle, dir, frame->bh);
1995 	if (retval)
1996 		goto out_frames;
1997 	retval = ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle, dir, bh2);
1998 	if (retval)
1999 		goto out_frames;
2000 
2001 	de = do_split(handle,dir, &bh2, frame, &fname->hinfo);
2002 	if (IS_ERR(de)) {
2003 		retval = PTR_ERR(de);
2004 		goto out_frames;
2005 	}
2006 
2007 	retval = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, fname, dir, inode, de, bh2);
2008 out_frames:
2009 	/*
2010 	 * Even if the block split failed, we have to properly write
2011 	 * out all the changes we did so far. Otherwise we can end up
2012 	 * with corrupted filesystem.
2013 	 */
2014 	if (retval)
2015 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
2016 	dx_release(frames);
2017 	brelse(bh2);
2018 	return retval;
2019 }
2020 
2021 /*
2022  *	ext4_add_entry()
2023  *
2024  * adds a file entry to the specified directory, using the same
2025  * semantics as ext4_find_entry(). It returns NULL if it failed.
2026  *
2027  * NOTE!! The inode part of 'de' is left at 0 - which means you
2028  * may not sleep between calling this and putting something into
2029  * the entry, as someone else might have used it while you slept.
2030  */
2031 static int ext4_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct dentry *dentry,
2032 			  struct inode *inode)
2033 {
2034 	struct inode *dir = d_inode(dentry->d_parent);
2035 	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
2036 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
2037 	struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t;
2038 	struct super_block *sb;
2039 	struct ext4_filename fname;
2040 	int	retval;
2041 	int	dx_fallback=0;
2042 	unsigned blocksize;
2043 	ext4_lblk_t block, blocks;
2044 	int	csum_size = 0;
2045 
2046 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(inode->i_sb))
2047 		csum_size = sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail);
2048 
2049 	sb = dir->i_sb;
2050 	blocksize = sb->s_blocksize;
2051 	if (!dentry->d_name.len)
2052 		return -EINVAL;
2053 
2054 	retval = ext4_fname_setup_filename(dir, &dentry->d_name, 0, &fname);
2055 	if (retval)
2056 		return retval;
2057 
2058 	if (ext4_has_inline_data(dir)) {
2059 		retval = ext4_try_add_inline_entry(handle, &fname, dir, inode);
2060 		if (retval < 0)
2061 			goto out;
2062 		if (retval == 1) {
2063 			retval = 0;
2064 			goto out;
2065 		}
2066 	}
2067 
2068 	if (is_dx(dir)) {
2069 		retval = ext4_dx_add_entry(handle, &fname, dir, inode);
2070 		if (!retval || (retval != ERR_BAD_DX_DIR))
2071 			goto out;
2072 		ext4_clear_inode_flag(dir, EXT4_INODE_INDEX);
2073 		dx_fallback++;
2074 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
2075 	}
2076 	blocks = dir->i_size >> sb->s_blocksize_bits;
2077 	for (block = 0; block < blocks; block++) {
2078 		bh = ext4_read_dirblock(dir, block, DIRENT);
2079 		if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
2080 			retval = PTR_ERR(bh);
2081 			bh = NULL;
2082 			goto out;
2083 		}
2084 		retval = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, &fname, dir, inode,
2085 					   NULL, bh);
2086 		if (retval != -ENOSPC)
2087 			goto out;
2088 
2089 		if (blocks == 1 && !dx_fallback &&
2090 		    ext4_has_feature_dir_index(sb)) {
2091 			retval = make_indexed_dir(handle, &fname, dir,
2092 						  inode, bh);
2093 			bh = NULL; /* make_indexed_dir releases bh */
2094 			goto out;
2095 		}
2096 		brelse(bh);
2097 	}
2098 	bh = ext4_append(handle, dir, &block);
2099 	if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
2100 		retval = PTR_ERR(bh);
2101 		bh = NULL;
2102 		goto out;
2103 	}
2104 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
2105 	de->inode = 0;
2106 	de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(blocksize - csum_size, blocksize);
2107 
2108 	if (csum_size) {
2109 		t = EXT4_DIRENT_TAIL(bh->b_data, blocksize);
2110 		initialize_dirent_tail(t, blocksize);
2111 	}
2112 
2113 	retval = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, &fname, dir, inode, de, bh);
2114 out:
2115 	ext4_fname_free_filename(&fname);
2116 	brelse(bh);
2117 	if (retval == 0)
2118 		ext4_set_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_NEWENTRY);
2119 	return retval;
2120 }
2121 
2122 /*
2123  * Returns 0 for success, or a negative error value
2124  */
2125 static int ext4_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_filename *fname,
2126 			     struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode)
2127 {
2128 	struct dx_frame frames[EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL], *frame;
2129 	struct dx_entry *entries, *at;
2130 	struct buffer_head *bh;
2131 	struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
2132 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
2133 	int restart;
2134 	int err;
2135 
2136 again:
2137 	restart = 0;
2138 	frame = dx_probe(fname, dir, NULL, frames);
2139 	if (IS_ERR(frame))
2140 		return PTR_ERR(frame);
2141 	entries = frame->entries;
2142 	at = frame->at;
2143 	bh = ext4_read_dirblock(dir, dx_get_block(frame->at), DIRENT);
2144 	if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
2145 		err = PTR_ERR(bh);
2146 		bh = NULL;
2147 		goto cleanup;
2148 	}
2149 
2150 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
2151 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
2152 	if (err)
2153 		goto journal_error;
2154 
2155 	err = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, fname, dir, inode, NULL, bh);
2156 	if (err != -ENOSPC)
2157 		goto cleanup;
2158 
2159 	err = 0;
2160 	/* Block full, should compress but for now just split */
2161 	dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "using %u of %u node entries\n",
2162 		       dx_get_count(entries), dx_get_limit(entries)));
2163 	/* Need to split index? */
2164 	if (dx_get_count(entries) == dx_get_limit(entries)) {
2165 		ext4_lblk_t newblock;
2166 		int levels = frame - frames + 1;
2167 		unsigned int icount;
2168 		int add_level = 1;
2169 		struct dx_entry *entries2;
2170 		struct dx_node *node2;
2171 		struct buffer_head *bh2;
2172 
2173 		while (frame > frames) {
2174 			if (dx_get_count((frame - 1)->entries) <
2175 			    dx_get_limit((frame - 1)->entries)) {
2176 				add_level = 0;
2177 				break;
2178 			}
2179 			frame--; /* split higher index block */
2180 			at = frame->at;
2181 			entries = frame->entries;
2182 			restart = 1;
2183 		}
2184 		if (add_level && levels == ext4_dir_htree_level(sb)) {
2185 			ext4_warning(sb, "Directory (ino: %lu) index full, "
2186 					 "reach max htree level :%d",
2187 					 dir->i_ino, levels);
2188 			if (ext4_dir_htree_level(sb) < EXT4_HTREE_LEVEL) {
2189 				ext4_warning(sb, "Large directory feature is "
2190 						 "not enabled on this "
2191 						 "filesystem");
2192 			}
2193 			err = -ENOSPC;
2194 			goto cleanup;
2195 		}
2196 		icount = dx_get_count(entries);
2197 		bh2 = ext4_append(handle, dir, &newblock);
2198 		if (IS_ERR(bh2)) {
2199 			err = PTR_ERR(bh2);
2200 			goto cleanup;
2201 		}
2202 		node2 = (struct dx_node *)(bh2->b_data);
2203 		entries2 = node2->entries;
2204 		memset(&node2->fake, 0, sizeof(struct fake_dirent));
2205 		node2->fake.rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(sb->s_blocksize,
2206 							   sb->s_blocksize);
2207 		BUFFER_TRACE(frame->bh, "get_write_access");
2208 		err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, frame->bh);
2209 		if (err)
2210 			goto journal_error;
2211 		if (!add_level) {
2212 			unsigned icount1 = icount/2, icount2 = icount - icount1;
2213 			unsigned hash2 = dx_get_hash(entries + icount1);
2214 			dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "Split index %i/%i\n",
2215 				       icount1, icount2));
2216 
2217 			BUFFER_TRACE(frame->bh, "get_write_access"); /* index root */
2218 			err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle,
2219 							     (frame - 1)->bh);
2220 			if (err)
2221 				goto journal_error;
2222 
2223 			memcpy((char *) entries2, (char *) (entries + icount1),
2224 			       icount2 * sizeof(struct dx_entry));
2225 			dx_set_count(entries, icount1);
2226 			dx_set_count(entries2, icount2);
2227 			dx_set_limit(entries2, dx_node_limit(dir));
2228 
2229 			/* Which index block gets the new entry? */
2230 			if (at - entries >= icount1) {
2231 				frame->at = at = at - entries - icount1 + entries2;
2232 				frame->entries = entries = entries2;
2233 				swap(frame->bh, bh2);
2234 			}
2235 			dx_insert_block((frame - 1), hash2, newblock);
2236 			dxtrace(dx_show_index("node", frame->entries));
2237 			dxtrace(dx_show_index("node",
2238 			       ((struct dx_node *) bh2->b_data)->entries));
2239 			err = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle, dir, bh2);
2240 			if (err)
2241 				goto journal_error;
2242 			brelse (bh2);
2243 			err = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle, dir,
2244 						   (frame - 1)->bh);
2245 			if (err)
2246 				goto journal_error;
2247 			if (restart) {
2248 				err = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle, dir,
2249 							   frame->bh);
2250 				goto journal_error;
2251 			}
2252 		} else {
2253 			struct dx_root *dxroot;
2254 			memcpy((char *) entries2, (char *) entries,
2255 			       icount * sizeof(struct dx_entry));
2256 			dx_set_limit(entries2, dx_node_limit(dir));
2257 
2258 			/* Set up root */
2259 			dx_set_count(entries, 1);
2260 			dx_set_block(entries + 0, newblock);
2261 			dxroot = (struct dx_root *)frames[0].bh->b_data;
2262 			dxroot->info.indirect_levels += 1;
2263 			dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG
2264 				       "Creating %d level index...\n",
2265 				       dxroot->info.indirect_levels));
2266 			err = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle, dir, frame->bh);
2267 			if (err)
2268 				goto journal_error;
2269 			err = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle, dir, bh2);
2270 			brelse(bh2);
2271 			restart = 1;
2272 			goto journal_error;
2273 		}
2274 	}
2275 	de = do_split(handle, dir, &bh, frame, &fname->hinfo);
2276 	if (IS_ERR(de)) {
2277 		err = PTR_ERR(de);
2278 		goto cleanup;
2279 	}
2280 	err = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, fname, dir, inode, de, bh);
2281 	goto cleanup;
2282 
2283 journal_error:
2284 	ext4_std_error(dir->i_sb, err); /* this is a no-op if err == 0 */
2285 cleanup:
2286 	brelse(bh);
2287 	dx_release(frames);
2288 	/* @restart is true means htree-path has been changed, we need to
2289 	 * repeat dx_probe() to find out valid htree-path
2290 	 */
2291 	if (restart && err == 0)
2292 		goto again;
2293 	return err;
2294 }
2295 
2296 /*
2297  * ext4_generic_delete_entry deletes a directory entry by merging it
2298  * with the previous entry
2299  */
2300 int ext4_generic_delete_entry(handle_t *handle,
2301 			      struct inode *dir,
2302 			      struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de_del,
2303 			      struct buffer_head *bh,
2304 			      void *entry_buf,
2305 			      int buf_size,
2306 			      int csum_size)
2307 {
2308 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de, *pde;
2309 	unsigned int blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
2310 	int i;
2311 
2312 	i = 0;
2313 	pde = NULL;
2314 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)entry_buf;
2315 	while (i < buf_size - csum_size) {
2316 		if (ext4_check_dir_entry(dir, NULL, de, bh,
2317 					 bh->b_data, bh->b_size, i))
2318 			return -EFSCORRUPTED;
2319 		if (de == de_del)  {
2320 			if (pde)
2321 				pde->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(
2322 					ext4_rec_len_from_disk(pde->rec_len,
2323 							       blocksize) +
2324 					ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len,
2325 							       blocksize),
2326 					blocksize);
2327 			else
2328 				de->inode = 0;
2329 			inode_inc_iversion(dir);
2330 			return 0;
2331 		}
2332 		i += ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len, blocksize);
2333 		pde = de;
2334 		de = ext4_next_entry(de, blocksize);
2335 	}
2336 	return -ENOENT;
2337 }
2338 
2339 static int ext4_delete_entry(handle_t *handle,
2340 			     struct inode *dir,
2341 			     struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de_del,
2342 			     struct buffer_head *bh)
2343 {
2344 	int err, csum_size = 0;
2345 
2346 	if (ext4_has_inline_data(dir)) {
2347 		int has_inline_data = 1;
2348 		err = ext4_delete_inline_entry(handle, dir, de_del, bh,
2349 					       &has_inline_data);
2350 		if (has_inline_data)
2351 			return err;
2352 	}
2353 
2354 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(dir->i_sb))
2355 		csum_size = sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail);
2356 
2357 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
2358 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
2359 	if (unlikely(err))
2360 		goto out;
2361 
2362 	err = ext4_generic_delete_entry(handle, dir, de_del,
2363 					bh, bh->b_data,
2364 					dir->i_sb->s_blocksize, csum_size);
2365 	if (err)
2366 		goto out;
2367 
2368 	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
2369 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle, dir, bh);
2370 	if (unlikely(err))
2371 		goto out;
2372 
2373 	return 0;
2374 out:
2375 	if (err != -ENOENT)
2376 		ext4_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
2377 	return err;
2378 }
2379 
2380 /*
2381  * Set directory link count to 1 if nlinks > EXT4_LINK_MAX, or if nlinks == 2
2382  * since this indicates that nlinks count was previously 1 to avoid overflowing
2383  * the 16-bit i_links_count field on disk.  Directories with i_nlink == 1 mean
2384  * that subdirectory link counts are not being maintained accurately.
2385  *
2386  * The caller has already checked for i_nlink overflow in case the DIR_LINK
2387  * feature is not enabled and returned -EMLINK.  The is_dx() check is a proxy
2388  * for checking S_ISDIR(inode) (since the INODE_INDEX feature will not be set
2389  * on regular files) and to avoid creating huge/slow non-HTREE directories.
2390  */
2391 static void ext4_inc_count(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
2392 {
2393 	inc_nlink(inode);
2394 	if (is_dx(inode) &&
2395 	    (inode->i_nlink > EXT4_LINK_MAX || inode->i_nlink == 2))
2396 		set_nlink(inode, 1);
2397 }
2398 
2399 /*
2400  * If a directory had nlink == 1, then we should let it be 1. This indicates
2401  * directory has >EXT4_LINK_MAX subdirs.
2402  */
2403 static void ext4_dec_count(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
2404 {
2405 	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || inode->i_nlink > 2)
2406 		drop_nlink(inode);
2407 }
2408 
2409 
2410 static int ext4_add_nondir(handle_t *handle,
2411 		struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
2412 {
2413 	int err = ext4_add_entry(handle, dentry, inode);
2414 	if (!err) {
2415 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
2416 		d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
2417 		return 0;
2418 	}
2419 	drop_nlink(inode);
2420 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
2421 	iput(inode);
2422 	return err;
2423 }
2424 
2425 /*
2426  * By the time this is called, we already have created
2427  * the directory cache entry for the new file, but it
2428  * is so far negative - it has no inode.
2429  *
2430  * If the create succeeds, we fill in the inode information
2431  * with d_instantiate().
2432  */
2433 static int ext4_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode,
2434 		       bool excl)
2435 {
2436 	handle_t *handle;
2437 	struct inode *inode;
2438 	int err, credits, retries = 0;
2439 
2440 	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
2441 	if (err)
2442 		return err;
2443 
2444 	credits = (EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
2445 		   EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3);
2446 retry:
2447 	inode = ext4_new_inode_start_handle(dir, mode, &dentry->d_name, 0,
2448 					    NULL, EXT4_HT_DIR, credits);
2449 	handle = ext4_journal_current_handle();
2450 	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
2451 	if (!IS_ERR(inode)) {
2452 		inode->i_op = &ext4_file_inode_operations;
2453 		inode->i_fop = &ext4_file_operations;
2454 		ext4_set_aops(inode);
2455 		err = ext4_add_nondir(handle, dentry, inode);
2456 		if (!err && IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
2457 			ext4_handle_sync(handle);
2458 	}
2459 	if (handle)
2460 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
2461 	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext4_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
2462 		goto retry;
2463 	return err;
2464 }
2465 
2466 static int ext4_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
2467 		      umode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
2468 {
2469 	handle_t *handle;
2470 	struct inode *inode;
2471 	int err, credits, retries = 0;
2472 
2473 	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
2474 	if (err)
2475 		return err;
2476 
2477 	credits = (EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
2478 		   EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3);
2479 retry:
2480 	inode = ext4_new_inode_start_handle(dir, mode, &dentry->d_name, 0,
2481 					    NULL, EXT4_HT_DIR, credits);
2482 	handle = ext4_journal_current_handle();
2483 	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
2484 	if (!IS_ERR(inode)) {
2485 		init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, rdev);
2486 		inode->i_op = &ext4_special_inode_operations;
2487 		err = ext4_add_nondir(handle, dentry, inode);
2488 		if (!err && IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
2489 			ext4_handle_sync(handle);
2490 	}
2491 	if (handle)
2492 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
2493 	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext4_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
2494 		goto retry;
2495 	return err;
2496 }
2497 
2498 static int ext4_tmpfile(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
2499 {
2500 	handle_t *handle;
2501 	struct inode *inode;
2502 	int err, retries = 0;
2503 
2504 	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
2505 	if (err)
2506 		return err;
2507 
2508 retry:
2509 	inode = ext4_new_inode_start_handle(dir, mode,
2510 					    NULL, 0, NULL,
2511 					    EXT4_HT_DIR,
2512 			EXT4_MAXQUOTAS_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
2513 			  4 + EXT4_XATTR_TRANS_BLOCKS);
2514 	handle = ext4_journal_current_handle();
2515 	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
2516 	if (!IS_ERR(inode)) {
2517 		inode->i_op = &ext4_file_inode_operations;
2518 		inode->i_fop = &ext4_file_operations;
2519 		ext4_set_aops(inode);
2520 		d_tmpfile(dentry, inode);
2521 		err = ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
2522 		if (err)
2523 			goto err_unlock_inode;
2524 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
2525 		unlock_new_inode(inode);
2526 	}
2527 	if (handle)
2528 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
2529 	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext4_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
2530 		goto retry;
2531 	return err;
2532 err_unlock_inode:
2533 	ext4_journal_stop(handle);
2534 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
2535 	return err;
2536 }
2537 
2538 struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *ext4_init_dot_dotdot(struct inode *inode,
2539 			  struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de,
2540 			  int blocksize, int csum_size,
2541 			  unsigned int parent_ino, int dotdot_real_len)
2542 {
2543 	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
2544 	de->name_len = 1;
2545 	de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len),
2546 					   blocksize);
2547 	strcpy(de->name, ".");
2548 	ext4_set_de_type(inode->i_sb, de, S_IFDIR);
2549 
2550 	de = ext4_next_entry(de, blocksize);
2551 	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(parent_ino);
2552 	de->name_len = 2;
2553 	if (!dotdot_real_len)
2554 		de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(blocksize -
2555 					(csum_size + EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(1)),
2556 					blocksize);
2557 	else
2558 		de->rec_len = ext4_rec_len_to_disk(
2559 				EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len), blocksize);
2560 	strcpy(de->name, "..");
2561 	ext4_set_de_type(inode->i_sb, de, S_IFDIR);
2562 
2563 	return ext4_next_entry(de, blocksize);
2564 }
2565 
2566 static int ext4_init_new_dir(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
2567 			     struct inode *inode)
2568 {
2569 	struct buffer_head *dir_block = NULL;
2570 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
2571 	struct ext4_dir_entry_tail *t;
2572 	ext4_lblk_t block = 0;
2573 	unsigned int blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
2574 	int csum_size = 0;
2575 	int err;
2576 
2577 	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(dir->i_sb))
2578 		csum_size = sizeof(struct ext4_dir_entry_tail);
2579 
2580 	if (ext4_test_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_MAY_INLINE_DATA)) {
2581 		err = ext4_try_create_inline_dir(handle, dir, inode);
2582 		if (err < 0 && err != -ENOSPC)
2583 			goto out;
2584 		if (!err)
2585 			goto out;
2586 	}
2587 
2588 	inode->i_size = 0;
2589 	dir_block = ext4_append(handle, inode, &block);
2590 	if (IS_ERR(dir_block))
2591 		return PTR_ERR(dir_block);
2592 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)dir_block->b_data;
2593 	ext4_init_dot_dotdot(inode, de, blocksize, csum_size, dir->i_ino, 0);
2594 	set_nlink(inode, 2);
2595 	if (csum_size) {
2596 		t = EXT4_DIRENT_TAIL(dir_block->b_data, blocksize);
2597 		initialize_dirent_tail(t, blocksize);
2598 	}
2599 
2600 	BUFFER_TRACE(dir_block, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
2601 	err = ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle, inode, dir_block);
2602 	if (err)
2603 		goto out;
2604 	set_buffer_verified(dir_block);
2605 out:
2606 	brelse(dir_block);
2607 	return err;
2608 }
2609 
2610 static int ext4_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
2611 {
2612 	handle_t *handle;
2613 	struct inode *inode;
2614 	int err, credits, retries = 0;
2615 
2616 	if (EXT4_DIR_LINK_MAX(dir))
2617 		return -EMLINK;
2618 
2619 	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
2620 	if (err)
2621 		return err;
2622 
2623 	credits = (EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
2624 		   EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3);
2625 retry:
2626 	inode = ext4_new_inode_start_handle(dir, S_IFDIR | mode,
2627 					    &dentry->d_name,
2628 					    0, NULL, EXT4_HT_DIR, credits);
2629 	handle = ext4_journal_current_handle();
2630 	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
2631 	if (IS_ERR(inode))
2632 		goto out_stop;
2633 
2634 	inode->i_op = &ext4_dir_inode_operations;
2635 	inode->i_fop = &ext4_dir_operations;
2636 	err = ext4_init_new_dir(handle, dir, inode);
2637 	if (err)
2638 		goto out_clear_inode;
2639 	err = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
2640 	if (!err)
2641 		err = ext4_add_entry(handle, dentry, inode);
2642 	if (err) {
2643 out_clear_inode:
2644 		clear_nlink(inode);
2645 		unlock_new_inode(inode);
2646 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
2647 		iput(inode);
2648 		goto out_stop;
2649 	}
2650 	ext4_inc_count(handle, dir);
2651 	ext4_update_dx_flag(dir);
2652 	err = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
2653 	if (err)
2654 		goto out_clear_inode;
2655 	d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
2656 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
2657 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
2658 
2659 out_stop:
2660 	if (handle)
2661 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
2662 	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext4_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
2663 		goto retry;
2664 	return err;
2665 }
2666 
2667 /*
2668  * routine to check that the specified directory is empty (for rmdir)
2669  */
2670 bool ext4_empty_dir(struct inode *inode)
2671 {
2672 	unsigned int offset;
2673 	struct buffer_head *bh;
2674 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de, *de1;
2675 	struct super_block *sb;
2676 
2677 	if (ext4_has_inline_data(inode)) {
2678 		int has_inline_data = 1;
2679 		int ret;
2680 
2681 		ret = empty_inline_dir(inode, &has_inline_data);
2682 		if (has_inline_data)
2683 			return ret;
2684 	}
2685 
2686 	sb = inode->i_sb;
2687 	if (inode->i_size < EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(1) + EXT4_DIR_REC_LEN(2)) {
2688 		EXT4_ERROR_INODE(inode, "invalid size");
2689 		return true;
2690 	}
2691 	bh = ext4_read_dirblock(inode, 0, EITHER);
2692 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
2693 		return true;
2694 
2695 	de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
2696 	de1 = ext4_next_entry(de, sb->s_blocksize);
2697 	if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode) != inode->i_ino ||
2698 			le32_to_cpu(de1->inode) == 0 ||
2699 			strcmp(".", de->name) || strcmp("..", de1->name)) {
2700 		ext4_warning_inode(inode, "directory missing '.' and/or '..'");
2701 		brelse(bh);
2702 		return true;
2703 	}
2704 	offset = ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len, sb->s_blocksize) +
2705 		 ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de1->rec_len, sb->s_blocksize);
2706 	de = ext4_next_entry(de1, sb->s_blocksize);
2707 	while (offset < inode->i_size) {
2708 		if ((void *) de >= (void *) (bh->b_data+sb->s_blocksize)) {
2709 			unsigned int lblock;
2710 			brelse(bh);
2711 			lblock = offset >> EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
2712 			bh = ext4_read_dirblock(inode, lblock, EITHER);
2713 			if (IS_ERR(bh))
2714 				return true;
2715 			de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
2716 		}
2717 		if (ext4_check_dir_entry(inode, NULL, de, bh,
2718 					 bh->b_data, bh->b_size, offset)) {
2719 			de = (struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)(bh->b_data +
2720 							 sb->s_blocksize);
2721 			offset = (offset | (sb->s_blocksize - 1)) + 1;
2722 			continue;
2723 		}
2724 		if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode)) {
2725 			brelse(bh);
2726 			return false;
2727 		}
2728 		offset += ext4_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len, sb->s_blocksize);
2729 		de = ext4_next_entry(de, sb->s_blocksize);
2730 	}
2731 	brelse(bh);
2732 	return true;
2733 }
2734 
2735 /*
2736  * ext4_orphan_add() links an unlinked or truncated inode into a list of
2737  * such inodes, starting at the superblock, in case we crash before the
2738  * file is closed/deleted, or in case the inode truncate spans multiple
2739  * transactions and the last transaction is not recovered after a crash.
2740  *
2741  * At filesystem recovery time, we walk this list deleting unlinked
2742  * inodes and truncating linked inodes in ext4_orphan_cleanup().
2743  *
2744  * Orphan list manipulation functions must be called under i_mutex unless
2745  * we are just creating the inode or deleting it.
2746  */
2747 int ext4_orphan_add(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
2748 {
2749 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
2750 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
2751 	struct ext4_iloc iloc;
2752 	int err = 0, rc;
2753 	bool dirty = false;
2754 
2755 	if (!sbi->s_journal || is_bad_inode(inode))
2756 		return 0;
2757 
2758 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!(inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING)) &&
2759 		     !inode_is_locked(inode));
2760 	/*
2761 	 * Exit early if inode already is on orphan list. This is a big speedup
2762 	 * since we don't have to contend on the global s_orphan_lock.
2763 	 */
2764 	if (!list_empty(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_orphan))
2765 		return 0;
2766 
2767 	/*
2768 	 * Orphan handling is only valid for files with data blocks
2769 	 * being truncated, or files being unlinked. Note that we either
2770 	 * hold i_mutex, or the inode can not be referenced from outside,
2771 	 * so i_nlink should not be bumped due to race
2772 	 */
2773 	J_ASSERT((S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) ||
2774 		  S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)) || inode->i_nlink == 0);
2775 
2776 	BUFFER_TRACE(sbi->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
2777 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, sbi->s_sbh);
2778 	if (err)
2779 		goto out;
2780 
2781 	err = ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle, inode, &iloc);
2782 	if (err)
2783 		goto out;
2784 
2785 	mutex_lock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2786 	/*
2787 	 * Due to previous errors inode may be already a part of on-disk
2788 	 * orphan list. If so skip on-disk list modification.
2789 	 */
2790 	if (!NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) || NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) >
2791 	    (le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_inodes_count))) {
2792 		/* Insert this inode at the head of the on-disk orphan list */
2793 		NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) = le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_last_orphan);
2794 		sbi->s_es->s_last_orphan = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
2795 		dirty = true;
2796 	}
2797 	list_add(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_orphan, &sbi->s_orphan);
2798 	mutex_unlock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2799 
2800 	if (dirty) {
2801 		err = ext4_handle_dirty_super(handle, sb);
2802 		rc = ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
2803 		if (!err)
2804 			err = rc;
2805 		if (err) {
2806 			/*
2807 			 * We have to remove inode from in-memory list if
2808 			 * addition to on disk orphan list failed. Stray orphan
2809 			 * list entries can cause panics at unmount time.
2810 			 */
2811 			mutex_lock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2812 			list_del_init(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_orphan);
2813 			mutex_unlock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2814 		}
2815 	} else
2816 		brelse(iloc.bh);
2817 
2818 	jbd_debug(4, "superblock will point to %lu\n", inode->i_ino);
2819 	jbd_debug(4, "orphan inode %lu will point to %d\n",
2820 			inode->i_ino, NEXT_ORPHAN(inode));
2821 out:
2822 	ext4_std_error(sb, err);
2823 	return err;
2824 }
2825 
2826 /*
2827  * ext4_orphan_del() removes an unlinked or truncated inode from the list
2828  * of such inodes stored on disk, because it is finally being cleaned up.
2829  */
2830 int ext4_orphan_del(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
2831 {
2832 	struct list_head *prev;
2833 	struct ext4_inode_info *ei = EXT4_I(inode);
2834 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb);
2835 	__u32 ino_next;
2836 	struct ext4_iloc iloc;
2837 	int err = 0;
2838 
2839 	if (!sbi->s_journal && !(sbi->s_mount_state & EXT4_ORPHAN_FS))
2840 		return 0;
2841 
2842 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!(inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING)) &&
2843 		     !inode_is_locked(inode));
2844 	/* Do this quick check before taking global s_orphan_lock. */
2845 	if (list_empty(&ei->i_orphan))
2846 		return 0;
2847 
2848 	if (handle) {
2849 		/* Grab inode buffer early before taking global s_orphan_lock */
2850 		err = ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle, inode, &iloc);
2851 	}
2852 
2853 	mutex_lock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2854 	jbd_debug(4, "remove inode %lu from orphan list\n", inode->i_ino);
2855 
2856 	prev = ei->i_orphan.prev;
2857 	list_del_init(&ei->i_orphan);
2858 
2859 	/* If we're on an error path, we may not have a valid
2860 	 * transaction handle with which to update the orphan list on
2861 	 * disk, but we still need to remove the inode from the linked
2862 	 * list in memory. */
2863 	if (!handle || err) {
2864 		mutex_unlock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2865 		goto out_err;
2866 	}
2867 
2868 	ino_next = NEXT_ORPHAN(inode);
2869 	if (prev == &sbi->s_orphan) {
2870 		jbd_debug(4, "superblock will point to %u\n", ino_next);
2871 		BUFFER_TRACE(sbi->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
2872 		err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, sbi->s_sbh);
2873 		if (err) {
2874 			mutex_unlock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2875 			goto out_brelse;
2876 		}
2877 		sbi->s_es->s_last_orphan = cpu_to_le32(ino_next);
2878 		mutex_unlock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2879 		err = ext4_handle_dirty_super(handle, inode->i_sb);
2880 	} else {
2881 		struct ext4_iloc iloc2;
2882 		struct inode *i_prev =
2883 			&list_entry(prev, struct ext4_inode_info, i_orphan)->vfs_inode;
2884 
2885 		jbd_debug(4, "orphan inode %lu will point to %u\n",
2886 			  i_prev->i_ino, ino_next);
2887 		err = ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle, i_prev, &iloc2);
2888 		if (err) {
2889 			mutex_unlock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2890 			goto out_brelse;
2891 		}
2892 		NEXT_ORPHAN(i_prev) = ino_next;
2893 		err = ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, i_prev, &iloc2);
2894 		mutex_unlock(&sbi->s_orphan_lock);
2895 	}
2896 	if (err)
2897 		goto out_brelse;
2898 	NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) = 0;
2899 	err = ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
2900 out_err:
2901 	ext4_std_error(inode->i_sb, err);
2902 	return err;
2903 
2904 out_brelse:
2905 	brelse(iloc.bh);
2906 	goto out_err;
2907 }
2908 
2909 static int ext4_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
2910 {
2911 	int retval;
2912 	struct inode *inode;
2913 	struct buffer_head *bh;
2914 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
2915 	handle_t *handle = NULL;
2916 
2917 	if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb))))
2918 		return -EIO;
2919 
2920 	/* Initialize quotas before so that eventual writes go in
2921 	 * separate transaction */
2922 	retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
2923 	if (retval)
2924 		return retval;
2925 	retval = dquot_initialize(d_inode(dentry));
2926 	if (retval)
2927 		return retval;
2928 
2929 	retval = -ENOENT;
2930 	bh = ext4_find_entry(dir, &dentry->d_name, &de, NULL);
2931 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
2932 		return PTR_ERR(bh);
2933 	if (!bh)
2934 		goto end_rmdir;
2935 
2936 	inode = d_inode(dentry);
2937 
2938 	retval = -EFSCORRUPTED;
2939 	if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode) != inode->i_ino)
2940 		goto end_rmdir;
2941 
2942 	retval = -ENOTEMPTY;
2943 	if (!ext4_empty_dir(inode))
2944 		goto end_rmdir;
2945 
2946 	handle = ext4_journal_start(dir, EXT4_HT_DIR,
2947 				    EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
2948 	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
2949 		retval = PTR_ERR(handle);
2950 		handle = NULL;
2951 		goto end_rmdir;
2952 	}
2953 
2954 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
2955 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
2956 
2957 	retval = ext4_delete_entry(handle, dir, de, bh);
2958 	if (retval)
2959 		goto end_rmdir;
2960 	if (!EXT4_DIR_LINK_EMPTY(inode))
2961 		ext4_warning_inode(inode,
2962 			     "empty directory '%.*s' has too many links (%u)",
2963 			     dentry->d_name.len, dentry->d_name.name,
2964 			     inode->i_nlink);
2965 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
2966 	clear_nlink(inode);
2967 	/* There's no need to set i_disksize: the fact that i_nlink is
2968 	 * zero will ensure that the right thing happens during any
2969 	 * recovery. */
2970 	inode->i_size = 0;
2971 	ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
2972 	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
2973 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
2974 	ext4_dec_count(handle, dir);
2975 	ext4_update_dx_flag(dir);
2976 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
2977 
2978 end_rmdir:
2979 	brelse(bh);
2980 	if (handle)
2981 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
2982 	return retval;
2983 }
2984 
2985 static int ext4_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
2986 {
2987 	int retval;
2988 	struct inode *inode;
2989 	struct buffer_head *bh;
2990 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
2991 	handle_t *handle = NULL;
2992 
2993 	if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb))))
2994 		return -EIO;
2995 
2996 	trace_ext4_unlink_enter(dir, dentry);
2997 	/* Initialize quotas before so that eventual writes go
2998 	 * in separate transaction */
2999 	retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
3000 	if (retval)
3001 		return retval;
3002 	retval = dquot_initialize(d_inode(dentry));
3003 	if (retval)
3004 		return retval;
3005 
3006 	retval = -ENOENT;
3007 	bh = ext4_find_entry(dir, &dentry->d_name, &de, NULL);
3008 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
3009 		return PTR_ERR(bh);
3010 	if (!bh)
3011 		goto end_unlink;
3012 
3013 	inode = d_inode(dentry);
3014 
3015 	retval = -EFSCORRUPTED;
3016 	if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode) != inode->i_ino)
3017 		goto end_unlink;
3018 
3019 	handle = ext4_journal_start(dir, EXT4_HT_DIR,
3020 				    EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
3021 	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
3022 		retval = PTR_ERR(handle);
3023 		handle = NULL;
3024 		goto end_unlink;
3025 	}
3026 
3027 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
3028 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
3029 
3030 	if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
3031 		ext4_warning_inode(inode, "Deleting file '%.*s' with no links",
3032 				   dentry->d_name.len, dentry->d_name.name);
3033 		set_nlink(inode, 1);
3034 	}
3035 	retval = ext4_delete_entry(handle, dir, de, bh);
3036 	if (retval)
3037 		goto end_unlink;
3038 	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
3039 	ext4_update_dx_flag(dir);
3040 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
3041 	drop_nlink(inode);
3042 	if (!inode->i_nlink)
3043 		ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
3044 	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
3045 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
3046 
3047 end_unlink:
3048 	brelse(bh);
3049 	if (handle)
3050 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3051 	trace_ext4_unlink_exit(dentry, retval);
3052 	return retval;
3053 }
3054 
3055 static int ext4_symlink(struct inode *dir,
3056 			struct dentry *dentry, const char *symname)
3057 {
3058 	handle_t *handle;
3059 	struct inode *inode;
3060 	int err, len = strlen(symname);
3061 	int credits;
3062 	struct fscrypt_str disk_link;
3063 
3064 	if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(EXT4_SB(dir->i_sb))))
3065 		return -EIO;
3066 
3067 	err = fscrypt_prepare_symlink(dir, symname, len, dir->i_sb->s_blocksize,
3068 				      &disk_link);
3069 	if (err)
3070 		return err;
3071 
3072 	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
3073 	if (err)
3074 		return err;
3075 
3076 	if ((disk_link.len > EXT4_N_BLOCKS * 4)) {
3077 		/*
3078 		 * For non-fast symlinks, we just allocate inode and put it on
3079 		 * orphan list in the first transaction => we need bitmap,
3080 		 * group descriptor, sb, inode block, quota blocks, and
3081 		 * possibly selinux xattr blocks.
3082 		 */
3083 		credits = 4 + EXT4_MAXQUOTAS_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
3084 			  EXT4_XATTR_TRANS_BLOCKS;
3085 	} else {
3086 		/*
3087 		 * Fast symlink. We have to add entry to directory
3088 		 * (EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS + EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS),
3089 		 * allocate new inode (bitmap, group descriptor, inode block,
3090 		 * quota blocks, sb is already counted in previous macros).
3091 		 */
3092 		credits = EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
3093 			  EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3;
3094 	}
3095 
3096 	inode = ext4_new_inode_start_handle(dir, S_IFLNK|S_IRWXUGO,
3097 					    &dentry->d_name, 0, NULL,
3098 					    EXT4_HT_DIR, credits);
3099 	handle = ext4_journal_current_handle();
3100 	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
3101 		if (handle)
3102 			ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3103 		return PTR_ERR(inode);
3104 	}
3105 
3106 	if (IS_ENCRYPTED(inode)) {
3107 		err = fscrypt_encrypt_symlink(inode, symname, len, &disk_link);
3108 		if (err)
3109 			goto err_drop_inode;
3110 		inode->i_op = &ext4_encrypted_symlink_inode_operations;
3111 	}
3112 
3113 	if ((disk_link.len > EXT4_N_BLOCKS * 4)) {
3114 		if (!IS_ENCRYPTED(inode))
3115 			inode->i_op = &ext4_symlink_inode_operations;
3116 		inode_nohighmem(inode);
3117 		ext4_set_aops(inode);
3118 		/*
3119 		 * We cannot call page_symlink() with transaction started
3120 		 * because it calls into ext4_write_begin() which can wait
3121 		 * for transaction commit if we are running out of space
3122 		 * and thus we deadlock. So we have to stop transaction now
3123 		 * and restart it when symlink contents is written.
3124 		 *
3125 		 * To keep fs consistent in case of crash, we have to put inode
3126 		 * to orphan list in the mean time.
3127 		 */
3128 		drop_nlink(inode);
3129 		err = ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
3130 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3131 		handle = NULL;
3132 		if (err)
3133 			goto err_drop_inode;
3134 		err = __page_symlink(inode, disk_link.name, disk_link.len, 1);
3135 		if (err)
3136 			goto err_drop_inode;
3137 		/*
3138 		 * Now inode is being linked into dir (EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS
3139 		 * + EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS), inode is also modified
3140 		 */
3141 		handle = ext4_journal_start(dir, EXT4_HT_DIR,
3142 				EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
3143 				EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 1);
3144 		if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
3145 			err = PTR_ERR(handle);
3146 			handle = NULL;
3147 			goto err_drop_inode;
3148 		}
3149 		set_nlink(inode, 1);
3150 		err = ext4_orphan_del(handle, inode);
3151 		if (err)
3152 			goto err_drop_inode;
3153 	} else {
3154 		/* clear the extent format for fast symlink */
3155 		ext4_clear_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS);
3156 		if (!IS_ENCRYPTED(inode)) {
3157 			inode->i_op = &ext4_fast_symlink_inode_operations;
3158 			inode->i_link = (char *)&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data;
3159 		}
3160 		memcpy((char *)&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data, disk_link.name,
3161 		       disk_link.len);
3162 		inode->i_size = disk_link.len - 1;
3163 	}
3164 	EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize = inode->i_size;
3165 	err = ext4_add_nondir(handle, dentry, inode);
3166 	if (!err && IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
3167 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
3168 
3169 	if (handle)
3170 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3171 	goto out_free_encrypted_link;
3172 
3173 err_drop_inode:
3174 	if (handle)
3175 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3176 	clear_nlink(inode);
3177 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
3178 	iput(inode);
3179 out_free_encrypted_link:
3180 	if (disk_link.name != (unsigned char *)symname)
3181 		kfree(disk_link.name);
3182 	return err;
3183 }
3184 
3185 static int ext4_link(struct dentry *old_dentry,
3186 		     struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
3187 {
3188 	handle_t *handle;
3189 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
3190 	int err, retries = 0;
3191 
3192 	if (inode->i_nlink >= EXT4_LINK_MAX)
3193 		return -EMLINK;
3194 
3195 	err = fscrypt_prepare_link(old_dentry, dir, dentry);
3196 	if (err)
3197 		return err;
3198 
3199 	if ((ext4_test_inode_flag(dir, EXT4_INODE_PROJINHERIT)) &&
3200 	    (!projid_eq(EXT4_I(dir)->i_projid,
3201 			EXT4_I(old_dentry->d_inode)->i_projid)))
3202 		return -EXDEV;
3203 
3204 	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
3205 	if (err)
3206 		return err;
3207 
3208 retry:
3209 	handle = ext4_journal_start(dir, EXT4_HT_DIR,
3210 		(EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
3211 		 EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS) + 1);
3212 	if (IS_ERR(handle))
3213 		return PTR_ERR(handle);
3214 
3215 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
3216 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
3217 
3218 	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
3219 	ext4_inc_count(handle, inode);
3220 	ihold(inode);
3221 
3222 	err = ext4_add_entry(handle, dentry, inode);
3223 	if (!err) {
3224 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
3225 		/* this can happen only for tmpfile being
3226 		 * linked the first time
3227 		 */
3228 		if (inode->i_nlink == 1)
3229 			ext4_orphan_del(handle, inode);
3230 		d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
3231 	} else {
3232 		drop_nlink(inode);
3233 		iput(inode);
3234 	}
3235 	ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3236 	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext4_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
3237 		goto retry;
3238 	return err;
3239 }
3240 
3241 
3242 /*
3243  * Try to find buffer head where contains the parent block.
3244  * It should be the inode block if it is inlined or the 1st block
3245  * if it is a normal dir.
3246  */
3247 static struct buffer_head *ext4_get_first_dir_block(handle_t *handle,
3248 					struct inode *inode,
3249 					int *retval,
3250 					struct ext4_dir_entry_2 **parent_de,
3251 					int *inlined)
3252 {
3253 	struct buffer_head *bh;
3254 
3255 	if (!ext4_has_inline_data(inode)) {
3256 		bh = ext4_read_dirblock(inode, 0, EITHER);
3257 		if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
3258 			*retval = PTR_ERR(bh);
3259 			return NULL;
3260 		}
3261 		*parent_de = ext4_next_entry(
3262 					(struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *)bh->b_data,
3263 					inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
3264 		return bh;
3265 	}
3266 
3267 	*inlined = 1;
3268 	return ext4_get_first_inline_block(inode, parent_de, retval);
3269 }
3270 
3271 struct ext4_renament {
3272 	struct inode *dir;
3273 	struct dentry *dentry;
3274 	struct inode *inode;
3275 	bool is_dir;
3276 	int dir_nlink_delta;
3277 
3278 	/* entry for "dentry" */
3279 	struct buffer_head *bh;
3280 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
3281 	int inlined;
3282 
3283 	/* entry for ".." in inode if it's a directory */
3284 	struct buffer_head *dir_bh;
3285 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *parent_de;
3286 	int dir_inlined;
3287 };
3288 
3289 static int ext4_rename_dir_prepare(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_renament *ent)
3290 {
3291 	int retval;
3292 
3293 	ent->dir_bh = ext4_get_first_dir_block(handle, ent->inode,
3294 					      &retval, &ent->parent_de,
3295 					      &ent->dir_inlined);
3296 	if (!ent->dir_bh)
3297 		return retval;
3298 	if (le32_to_cpu(ent->parent_de->inode) != ent->dir->i_ino)
3299 		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
3300 	BUFFER_TRACE(ent->dir_bh, "get_write_access");
3301 	return ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, ent->dir_bh);
3302 }
3303 
3304 static int ext4_rename_dir_finish(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_renament *ent,
3305 				  unsigned dir_ino)
3306 {
3307 	int retval;
3308 
3309 	ent->parent_de->inode = cpu_to_le32(dir_ino);
3310 	BUFFER_TRACE(ent->dir_bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
3311 	if (!ent->dir_inlined) {
3312 		if (is_dx(ent->inode)) {
3313 			retval = ext4_handle_dirty_dx_node(handle,
3314 							   ent->inode,
3315 							   ent->dir_bh);
3316 		} else {
3317 			retval = ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle,
3318 							       ent->inode,
3319 							       ent->dir_bh);
3320 		}
3321 	} else {
3322 		retval = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, ent->inode);
3323 	}
3324 	if (retval) {
3325 		ext4_std_error(ent->dir->i_sb, retval);
3326 		return retval;
3327 	}
3328 	return 0;
3329 }
3330 
3331 static int ext4_setent(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_renament *ent,
3332 		       unsigned ino, unsigned file_type)
3333 {
3334 	int retval;
3335 
3336 	BUFFER_TRACE(ent->bh, "get write access");
3337 	retval = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, ent->bh);
3338 	if (retval)
3339 		return retval;
3340 	ent->de->inode = cpu_to_le32(ino);
3341 	if (ext4_has_feature_filetype(ent->dir->i_sb))
3342 		ent->de->file_type = file_type;
3343 	inode_inc_iversion(ent->dir);
3344 	ent->dir->i_ctime = ent->dir->i_mtime =
3345 		current_time(ent->dir);
3346 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, ent->dir);
3347 	BUFFER_TRACE(ent->bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
3348 	if (!ent->inlined) {
3349 		retval = ext4_handle_dirty_dirent_node(handle,
3350 						       ent->dir, ent->bh);
3351 		if (unlikely(retval)) {
3352 			ext4_std_error(ent->dir->i_sb, retval);
3353 			return retval;
3354 		}
3355 	}
3356 	brelse(ent->bh);
3357 	ent->bh = NULL;
3358 
3359 	return 0;
3360 }
3361 
3362 static int ext4_find_delete_entry(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
3363 				  const struct qstr *d_name)
3364 {
3365 	int retval = -ENOENT;
3366 	struct buffer_head *bh;
3367 	struct ext4_dir_entry_2 *de;
3368 
3369 	bh = ext4_find_entry(dir, d_name, &de, NULL);
3370 	if (IS_ERR(bh))
3371 		return PTR_ERR(bh);
3372 	if (bh) {
3373 		retval = ext4_delete_entry(handle, dir, de, bh);
3374 		brelse(bh);
3375 	}
3376 	return retval;
3377 }
3378 
3379 static void ext4_rename_delete(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_renament *ent,
3380 			       int force_reread)
3381 {
3382 	int retval;
3383 	/*
3384 	 * ent->de could have moved from under us during htree split, so make
3385 	 * sure that we are deleting the right entry.  We might also be pointing
3386 	 * to a stale entry in the unused part of ent->bh so just checking inum
3387 	 * and the name isn't enough.
3388 	 */
3389 	if (le32_to_cpu(ent->de->inode) != ent->inode->i_ino ||
3390 	    ent->de->name_len != ent->dentry->d_name.len ||
3391 	    strncmp(ent->de->name, ent->dentry->d_name.name,
3392 		    ent->de->name_len) ||
3393 	    force_reread) {
3394 		retval = ext4_find_delete_entry(handle, ent->dir,
3395 						&ent->dentry->d_name);
3396 	} else {
3397 		retval = ext4_delete_entry(handle, ent->dir, ent->de, ent->bh);
3398 		if (retval == -ENOENT) {
3399 			retval = ext4_find_delete_entry(handle, ent->dir,
3400 							&ent->dentry->d_name);
3401 		}
3402 	}
3403 
3404 	if (retval) {
3405 		ext4_warning_inode(ent->dir,
3406 				   "Deleting old file: nlink %d, error=%d",
3407 				   ent->dir->i_nlink, retval);
3408 	}
3409 }
3410 
3411 static void ext4_update_dir_count(handle_t *handle, struct ext4_renament *ent)
3412 {
3413 	if (ent->dir_nlink_delta) {
3414 		if (ent->dir_nlink_delta == -1)
3415 			ext4_dec_count(handle, ent->dir);
3416 		else
3417 			ext4_inc_count(handle, ent->dir);
3418 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, ent->dir);
3419 	}
3420 }
3421 
3422 static struct inode *ext4_whiteout_for_rename(struct ext4_renament *ent,
3423 					      int credits, handle_t **h)
3424 {
3425 	struct inode *wh;
3426 	handle_t *handle;
3427 	int retries = 0;
3428 
3429 	/*
3430 	 * for inode block, sb block, group summaries,
3431 	 * and inode bitmap
3432 	 */
3433 	credits += (EXT4_MAXQUOTAS_TRANS_BLOCKS(ent->dir->i_sb) +
3434 		    EXT4_XATTR_TRANS_BLOCKS + 4);
3435 retry:
3436 	wh = ext4_new_inode_start_handle(ent->dir, S_IFCHR | WHITEOUT_MODE,
3437 					 &ent->dentry->d_name, 0, NULL,
3438 					 EXT4_HT_DIR, credits);
3439 
3440 	handle = ext4_journal_current_handle();
3441 	if (IS_ERR(wh)) {
3442 		if (handle)
3443 			ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3444 		if (PTR_ERR(wh) == -ENOSPC &&
3445 		    ext4_should_retry_alloc(ent->dir->i_sb, &retries))
3446 			goto retry;
3447 	} else {
3448 		*h = handle;
3449 		init_special_inode(wh, wh->i_mode, WHITEOUT_DEV);
3450 		wh->i_op = &ext4_special_inode_operations;
3451 	}
3452 	return wh;
3453 }
3454 
3455 /*
3456  * Anybody can rename anything with this: the permission checks are left to the
3457  * higher-level routines.
3458  *
3459  * n.b.  old_{dentry,inode) refers to the source dentry/inode
3460  * while new_{dentry,inode) refers to the destination dentry/inode
3461  * This comes from rename(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
3462  */
3463 static int ext4_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
3464 		       struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry,
3465 		       unsigned int flags)
3466 {
3467 	handle_t *handle = NULL;
3468 	struct ext4_renament old = {
3469 		.dir = old_dir,
3470 		.dentry = old_dentry,
3471 		.inode = d_inode(old_dentry),
3472 	};
3473 	struct ext4_renament new = {
3474 		.dir = new_dir,
3475 		.dentry = new_dentry,
3476 		.inode = d_inode(new_dentry),
3477 	};
3478 	int force_reread;
3479 	int retval;
3480 	struct inode *whiteout = NULL;
3481 	int credits;
3482 	u8 old_file_type;
3483 
3484 	if (new.inode && new.inode->i_nlink == 0) {
3485 		EXT4_ERROR_INODE(new.inode,
3486 				 "target of rename is already freed");
3487 		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
3488 	}
3489 
3490 	if ((ext4_test_inode_flag(new_dir, EXT4_INODE_PROJINHERIT)) &&
3491 	    (!projid_eq(EXT4_I(new_dir)->i_projid,
3492 			EXT4_I(old_dentry->d_inode)->i_projid)))
3493 		return -EXDEV;
3494 
3495 	retval = dquot_initialize(old.dir);
3496 	if (retval)
3497 		return retval;
3498 	retval = dquot_initialize(new.dir);
3499 	if (retval)
3500 		return retval;
3501 
3502 	/* Initialize quotas before so that eventual writes go
3503 	 * in separate transaction */
3504 	if (new.inode) {
3505 		retval = dquot_initialize(new.inode);
3506 		if (retval)
3507 			return retval;
3508 	}
3509 
3510 	old.bh = ext4_find_entry(old.dir, &old.dentry->d_name, &old.de, NULL);
3511 	if (IS_ERR(old.bh))
3512 		return PTR_ERR(old.bh);
3513 	/*
3514 	 *  Check for inode number is _not_ due to possible IO errors.
3515 	 *  We might rmdir the source, keep it as pwd of some process
3516 	 *  and merrily kill the link to whatever was created under the
3517 	 *  same name. Goodbye sticky bit ;-<
3518 	 */
3519 	retval = -ENOENT;
3520 	if (!old.bh || le32_to_cpu(old.de->inode) != old.inode->i_ino)
3521 		goto end_rename;
3522 
3523 	new.bh = ext4_find_entry(new.dir, &new.dentry->d_name,
3524 				 &new.de, &new.inlined);
3525 	if (IS_ERR(new.bh)) {
3526 		retval = PTR_ERR(new.bh);
3527 		new.bh = NULL;
3528 		goto end_rename;
3529 	}
3530 	if (new.bh) {
3531 		if (!new.inode) {
3532 			brelse(new.bh);
3533 			new.bh = NULL;
3534 		}
3535 	}
3536 	if (new.inode && !test_opt(new.dir->i_sb, NO_AUTO_DA_ALLOC))
3537 		ext4_alloc_da_blocks(old.inode);
3538 
3539 	credits = (2 * EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(old.dir->i_sb) +
3540 		   EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 2);
3541 	if (!(flags & RENAME_WHITEOUT)) {
3542 		handle = ext4_journal_start(old.dir, EXT4_HT_DIR, credits);
3543 		if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
3544 			retval = PTR_ERR(handle);
3545 			handle = NULL;
3546 			goto end_rename;
3547 		}
3548 	} else {
3549 		whiteout = ext4_whiteout_for_rename(&old, credits, &handle);
3550 		if (IS_ERR(whiteout)) {
3551 			retval = PTR_ERR(whiteout);
3552 			whiteout = NULL;
3553 			goto end_rename;
3554 		}
3555 	}
3556 
3557 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(old.dir) || IS_DIRSYNC(new.dir))
3558 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
3559 
3560 	if (S_ISDIR(old.inode->i_mode)) {
3561 		if (new.inode) {
3562 			retval = -ENOTEMPTY;
3563 			if (!ext4_empty_dir(new.inode))
3564 				goto end_rename;
3565 		} else {
3566 			retval = -EMLINK;
3567 			if (new.dir != old.dir && EXT4_DIR_LINK_MAX(new.dir))
3568 				goto end_rename;
3569 		}
3570 		retval = ext4_rename_dir_prepare(handle, &old);
3571 		if (retval)
3572 			goto end_rename;
3573 	}
3574 	/*
3575 	 * If we're renaming a file within an inline_data dir and adding or
3576 	 * setting the new dirent causes a conversion from inline_data to
3577 	 * extents/blockmap, we need to force the dirent delete code to
3578 	 * re-read the directory, or else we end up trying to delete a dirent
3579 	 * from what is now the extent tree root (or a block map).
3580 	 */
3581 	force_reread = (new.dir->i_ino == old.dir->i_ino &&
3582 			ext4_test_inode_flag(new.dir, EXT4_INODE_INLINE_DATA));
3583 
3584 	old_file_type = old.de->file_type;
3585 	if (whiteout) {
3586 		/*
3587 		 * Do this before adding a new entry, so the old entry is sure
3588 		 * to be still pointing to the valid old entry.
3589 		 */
3590 		retval = ext4_setent(handle, &old, whiteout->i_ino,
3591 				     EXT4_FT_CHRDEV);
3592 		if (retval)
3593 			goto end_rename;
3594 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, whiteout);
3595 	}
3596 	if (!new.bh) {
3597 		retval = ext4_add_entry(handle, new.dentry, old.inode);
3598 		if (retval)
3599 			goto end_rename;
3600 	} else {
3601 		retval = ext4_setent(handle, &new,
3602 				     old.inode->i_ino, old_file_type);
3603 		if (retval)
3604 			goto end_rename;
3605 	}
3606 	if (force_reread)
3607 		force_reread = !ext4_test_inode_flag(new.dir,
3608 						     EXT4_INODE_INLINE_DATA);
3609 
3610 	/*
3611 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
3612 	 * rename.
3613 	 */
3614 	old.inode->i_ctime = current_time(old.inode);
3615 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, old.inode);
3616 
3617 	if (!whiteout) {
3618 		/*
3619 		 * ok, that's it
3620 		 */
3621 		ext4_rename_delete(handle, &old, force_reread);
3622 	}
3623 
3624 	if (new.inode) {
3625 		ext4_dec_count(handle, new.inode);
3626 		new.inode->i_ctime = current_time(new.inode);
3627 	}
3628 	old.dir->i_ctime = old.dir->i_mtime = current_time(old.dir);
3629 	ext4_update_dx_flag(old.dir);
3630 	if (old.dir_bh) {
3631 		retval = ext4_rename_dir_finish(handle, &old, new.dir->i_ino);
3632 		if (retval)
3633 			goto end_rename;
3634 
3635 		ext4_dec_count(handle, old.dir);
3636 		if (new.inode) {
3637 			/* checked ext4_empty_dir above, can't have another
3638 			 * parent, ext4_dec_count() won't work for many-linked
3639 			 * dirs */
3640 			clear_nlink(new.inode);
3641 		} else {
3642 			ext4_inc_count(handle, new.dir);
3643 			ext4_update_dx_flag(new.dir);
3644 			ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, new.dir);
3645 		}
3646 	}
3647 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, old.dir);
3648 	if (new.inode) {
3649 		ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, new.inode);
3650 		if (!new.inode->i_nlink)
3651 			ext4_orphan_add(handle, new.inode);
3652 	}
3653 	retval = 0;
3654 
3655 end_rename:
3656 	brelse(old.dir_bh);
3657 	brelse(old.bh);
3658 	brelse(new.bh);
3659 	if (whiteout) {
3660 		if (retval)
3661 			drop_nlink(whiteout);
3662 		unlock_new_inode(whiteout);
3663 		iput(whiteout);
3664 	}
3665 	if (handle)
3666 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3667 	return retval;
3668 }
3669 
3670 static int ext4_cross_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
3671 			     struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
3672 {
3673 	handle_t *handle = NULL;
3674 	struct ext4_renament old = {
3675 		.dir = old_dir,
3676 		.dentry = old_dentry,
3677 		.inode = d_inode(old_dentry),
3678 	};
3679 	struct ext4_renament new = {
3680 		.dir = new_dir,
3681 		.dentry = new_dentry,
3682 		.inode = d_inode(new_dentry),
3683 	};
3684 	u8 new_file_type;
3685 	int retval;
3686 	struct timespec64 ctime;
3687 
3688 	if ((ext4_test_inode_flag(new_dir, EXT4_INODE_PROJINHERIT) &&
3689 	     !projid_eq(EXT4_I(new_dir)->i_projid,
3690 			EXT4_I(old_dentry->d_inode)->i_projid)) ||
3691 	    (ext4_test_inode_flag(old_dir, EXT4_INODE_PROJINHERIT) &&
3692 	     !projid_eq(EXT4_I(old_dir)->i_projid,
3693 			EXT4_I(new_dentry->d_inode)->i_projid)))
3694 		return -EXDEV;
3695 
3696 	retval = dquot_initialize(old.dir);
3697 	if (retval)
3698 		return retval;
3699 	retval = dquot_initialize(new.dir);
3700 	if (retval)
3701 		return retval;
3702 
3703 	old.bh = ext4_find_entry(old.dir, &old.dentry->d_name,
3704 				 &old.de, &old.inlined);
3705 	if (IS_ERR(old.bh))
3706 		return PTR_ERR(old.bh);
3707 	/*
3708 	 *  Check for inode number is _not_ due to possible IO errors.
3709 	 *  We might rmdir the source, keep it as pwd of some process
3710 	 *  and merrily kill the link to whatever was created under the
3711 	 *  same name. Goodbye sticky bit ;-<
3712 	 */
3713 	retval = -ENOENT;
3714 	if (!old.bh || le32_to_cpu(old.de->inode) != old.inode->i_ino)
3715 		goto end_rename;
3716 
3717 	new.bh = ext4_find_entry(new.dir, &new.dentry->d_name,
3718 				 &new.de, &new.inlined);
3719 	if (IS_ERR(new.bh)) {
3720 		retval = PTR_ERR(new.bh);
3721 		new.bh = NULL;
3722 		goto end_rename;
3723 	}
3724 
3725 	/* RENAME_EXCHANGE case: old *and* new must both exist */
3726 	if (!new.bh || le32_to_cpu(new.de->inode) != new.inode->i_ino)
3727 		goto end_rename;
3728 
3729 	handle = ext4_journal_start(old.dir, EXT4_HT_DIR,
3730 		(2 * EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(old.dir->i_sb) +
3731 		 2 * EXT4_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 2));
3732 	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
3733 		retval = PTR_ERR(handle);
3734 		handle = NULL;
3735 		goto end_rename;
3736 	}
3737 
3738 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(old.dir) || IS_DIRSYNC(new.dir))
3739 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
3740 
3741 	if (S_ISDIR(old.inode->i_mode)) {
3742 		old.is_dir = true;
3743 		retval = ext4_rename_dir_prepare(handle, &old);
3744 		if (retval)
3745 			goto end_rename;
3746 	}
3747 	if (S_ISDIR(new.inode->i_mode)) {
3748 		new.is_dir = true;
3749 		retval = ext4_rename_dir_prepare(handle, &new);
3750 		if (retval)
3751 			goto end_rename;
3752 	}
3753 
3754 	/*
3755 	 * Other than the special case of overwriting a directory, parents'
3756 	 * nlink only needs to be modified if this is a cross directory rename.
3757 	 */
3758 	if (old.dir != new.dir && old.is_dir != new.is_dir) {
3759 		old.dir_nlink_delta = old.is_dir ? -1 : 1;
3760 		new.dir_nlink_delta = -old.dir_nlink_delta;
3761 		retval = -EMLINK;
3762 		if ((old.dir_nlink_delta > 0 && EXT4_DIR_LINK_MAX(old.dir)) ||
3763 		    (new.dir_nlink_delta > 0 && EXT4_DIR_LINK_MAX(new.dir)))
3764 			goto end_rename;
3765 	}
3766 
3767 	new_file_type = new.de->file_type;
3768 	retval = ext4_setent(handle, &new, old.inode->i_ino, old.de->file_type);
3769 	if (retval)
3770 		goto end_rename;
3771 
3772 	retval = ext4_setent(handle, &old, new.inode->i_ino, new_file_type);
3773 	if (retval)
3774 		goto end_rename;
3775 
3776 	/*
3777 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
3778 	 * rename.
3779 	 */
3780 	ctime = current_time(old.inode);
3781 	old.inode->i_ctime = ctime;
3782 	new.inode->i_ctime = ctime;
3783 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, old.inode);
3784 	ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, new.inode);
3785 
3786 	if (old.dir_bh) {
3787 		retval = ext4_rename_dir_finish(handle, &old, new.dir->i_ino);
3788 		if (retval)
3789 			goto end_rename;
3790 	}
3791 	if (new.dir_bh) {
3792 		retval = ext4_rename_dir_finish(handle, &new, old.dir->i_ino);
3793 		if (retval)
3794 			goto end_rename;
3795 	}
3796 	ext4_update_dir_count(handle, &old);
3797 	ext4_update_dir_count(handle, &new);
3798 	retval = 0;
3799 
3800 end_rename:
3801 	brelse(old.dir_bh);
3802 	brelse(new.dir_bh);
3803 	brelse(old.bh);
3804 	brelse(new.bh);
3805 	if (handle)
3806 		ext4_journal_stop(handle);
3807 	return retval;
3808 }
3809 
3810 static int ext4_rename2(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
3811 			struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry,
3812 			unsigned int flags)
3813 {
3814 	int err;
3815 
3816 	if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(EXT4_SB(old_dir->i_sb))))
3817 		return -EIO;
3818 
3819 	if (flags & ~(RENAME_NOREPLACE | RENAME_EXCHANGE | RENAME_WHITEOUT))
3820 		return -EINVAL;
3821 
3822 	err = fscrypt_prepare_rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry,
3823 				     flags);
3824 	if (err)
3825 		return err;
3826 
3827 	if (flags & RENAME_EXCHANGE) {
3828 		return ext4_cross_rename(old_dir, old_dentry,
3829 					 new_dir, new_dentry);
3830 	}
3831 
3832 	return ext4_rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry, flags);
3833 }
3834 
3835 /*
3836  * directories can handle most operations...
3837  */
3838 const struct inode_operations ext4_dir_inode_operations = {
3839 	.create		= ext4_create,
3840 	.lookup		= ext4_lookup,
3841 	.link		= ext4_link,
3842 	.unlink		= ext4_unlink,
3843 	.symlink	= ext4_symlink,
3844 	.mkdir		= ext4_mkdir,
3845 	.rmdir		= ext4_rmdir,
3846 	.mknod		= ext4_mknod,
3847 	.tmpfile	= ext4_tmpfile,
3848 	.rename		= ext4_rename2,
3849 	.setattr	= ext4_setattr,
3850 	.getattr	= ext4_getattr,
3851 	.listxattr	= ext4_listxattr,
3852 	.get_acl	= ext4_get_acl,
3853 	.set_acl	= ext4_set_acl,
3854 	.fiemap         = ext4_fiemap,
3855 };
3856 
3857 const struct inode_operations ext4_special_inode_operations = {
3858 	.setattr	= ext4_setattr,
3859 	.getattr	= ext4_getattr,
3860 	.listxattr	= ext4_listxattr,
3861 	.get_acl	= ext4_get_acl,
3862 	.set_acl	= ext4_set_acl,
3863 };
3864