1 /*
2  * Driver giving user-space access to the kernel's xenbus connection
3  * to xenstore.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2005, Christian Limpach
6  * Copyright (c) 2005, Rusty Russell, IBM Corporation
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2
10  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; or, when distributed
11  * separately from the Linux kernel or incorporated into other
12  * software packages, subject to the following license:
13  *
14  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
15  * of this source file (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
16  * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify,
17  * merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
18  * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
19  * the following conditions:
20  *
21  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
22  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
23  *
24  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
25  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
26  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
27  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
28  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
29  * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
30  * IN THE SOFTWARE.
31  *
32  * Changes:
33  * 2008-10-07  Alex Zeffertt    Replaced /proc/xen/xenbus with xenfs filesystem
34  *                              and /proc/xen compatibility mount point.
35  *                              Turned xenfs into a loadable module.
36  */
37 
38 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
39 
40 #include <linux/kernel.h>
41 #include <linux/errno.h>
42 #include <linux/uio.h>
43 #include <linux/notifier.h>
44 #include <linux/wait.h>
45 #include <linux/fs.h>
46 #include <linux/poll.h>
47 #include <linux/mutex.h>
48 #include <linux/sched.h>
49 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
50 #include <linux/mount.h>
51 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
52 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
53 #include <linux/init.h>
54 #include <linux/namei.h>
55 #include <linux/string.h>
56 #include <linux/slab.h>
57 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
58 #include <linux/module.h>
59 
60 #include "xenbus_comms.h"
61 
62 #include <xen/xenbus.h>
63 #include <xen/xen.h>
64 #include <asm/xen/hypervisor.h>
65 
66 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
67 
68 /*
69  * An element of a list of outstanding transactions, for which we're
70  * still waiting a reply.
71  */
72 struct xenbus_transaction_holder {
73 	struct list_head list;
74 	struct xenbus_transaction handle;
75 };
76 
77 /*
78  * A buffer of data on the queue.
79  */
80 struct read_buffer {
81 	struct list_head list;
82 	unsigned int cons;
83 	unsigned int len;
84 	char msg[];
85 };
86 
87 struct xenbus_file_priv {
88 	/*
89 	 * msgbuffer_mutex is held while partial requests are built up
90 	 * and complete requests are acted on.  It therefore protects
91 	 * the "transactions" and "watches" lists, and the partial
92 	 * request length and buffer.
93 	 *
94 	 * reply_mutex protects the reply being built up to return to
95 	 * usermode.  It nests inside msgbuffer_mutex but may be held
96 	 * alone during a watch callback.
97 	 */
98 	struct mutex msgbuffer_mutex;
99 
100 	/* In-progress transactions */
101 	struct list_head transactions;
102 
103 	/* Active watches. */
104 	struct list_head watches;
105 
106 	/* Partial request. */
107 	unsigned int len;
108 	union {
109 		struct xsd_sockmsg msg;
110 		char buffer[XENSTORE_PAYLOAD_MAX];
111 	} u;
112 
113 	/* Response queue. */
114 	struct mutex reply_mutex;
115 	struct list_head read_buffers;
116 	wait_queue_head_t read_waitq;
117 
118 };
119 
120 /* Read out any raw xenbus messages queued up. */
121 static ssize_t xenbus_file_read(struct file *filp,
122 			       char __user *ubuf,
123 			       size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
124 {
125 	struct xenbus_file_priv *u = filp->private_data;
126 	struct read_buffer *rb;
127 	unsigned i;
128 	int ret;
129 
130 	mutex_lock(&u->reply_mutex);
131 again:
132 	while (list_empty(&u->read_buffers)) {
133 		mutex_unlock(&u->reply_mutex);
134 		if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
135 			return -EAGAIN;
136 
137 		ret = wait_event_interruptible(u->read_waitq,
138 					       !list_empty(&u->read_buffers));
139 		if (ret)
140 			return ret;
141 		mutex_lock(&u->reply_mutex);
142 	}
143 
144 	rb = list_entry(u->read_buffers.next, struct read_buffer, list);
145 	i = 0;
146 	while (i < len) {
147 		unsigned sz = min((unsigned)len - i, rb->len - rb->cons);
148 
149 		ret = copy_to_user(ubuf + i, &rb->msg[rb->cons], sz);
150 
151 		i += sz - ret;
152 		rb->cons += sz - ret;
153 
154 		if (ret != 0) {
155 			if (i == 0)
156 				i = -EFAULT;
157 			goto out;
158 		}
159 
160 		/* Clear out buffer if it has been consumed */
161 		if (rb->cons == rb->len) {
162 			list_del(&rb->list);
163 			kfree(rb);
164 			if (list_empty(&u->read_buffers))
165 				break;
166 			rb = list_entry(u->read_buffers.next,
167 					struct read_buffer, list);
168 		}
169 	}
170 	if (i == 0)
171 		goto again;
172 
173 out:
174 	mutex_unlock(&u->reply_mutex);
175 	return i;
176 }
177 
178 /*
179  * Add a buffer to the queue.  Caller must hold the appropriate lock
180  * if the queue is not local.  (Commonly the caller will build up
181  * multiple queued buffers on a temporary local list, and then add it
182  * to the appropriate list under lock once all the buffers have een
183  * successfully allocated.)
184  */
185 static int queue_reply(struct list_head *queue, const void *data, size_t len)
186 {
187 	struct read_buffer *rb;
188 
189 	if (len == 0)
190 		return 0;
191 
192 	rb = kmalloc(sizeof(*rb) + len, GFP_KERNEL);
193 	if (rb == NULL)
194 		return -ENOMEM;
195 
196 	rb->cons = 0;
197 	rb->len = len;
198 
199 	memcpy(rb->msg, data, len);
200 
201 	list_add_tail(&rb->list, queue);
202 	return 0;
203 }
204 
205 /*
206  * Free all the read_buffer s on a list.
207  * Caller must have sole reference to list.
208  */
209 static void queue_cleanup(struct list_head *list)
210 {
211 	struct read_buffer *rb;
212 
213 	while (!list_empty(list)) {
214 		rb = list_entry(list->next, struct read_buffer, list);
215 		list_del(list->next);
216 		kfree(rb);
217 	}
218 }
219 
220 struct watch_adapter {
221 	struct list_head list;
222 	struct xenbus_watch watch;
223 	struct xenbus_file_priv *dev_data;
224 	char *token;
225 };
226 
227 static void free_watch_adapter(struct watch_adapter *watch)
228 {
229 	kfree(watch->watch.node);
230 	kfree(watch->token);
231 	kfree(watch);
232 }
233 
234 static struct watch_adapter *alloc_watch_adapter(const char *path,
235 						 const char *token)
236 {
237 	struct watch_adapter *watch;
238 
239 	watch = kzalloc(sizeof(*watch), GFP_KERNEL);
240 	if (watch == NULL)
241 		goto out_fail;
242 
243 	watch->watch.node = kstrdup(path, GFP_KERNEL);
244 	if (watch->watch.node == NULL)
245 		goto out_free;
246 
247 	watch->token = kstrdup(token, GFP_KERNEL);
248 	if (watch->token == NULL)
249 		goto out_free;
250 
251 	return watch;
252 
253 out_free:
254 	free_watch_adapter(watch);
255 
256 out_fail:
257 	return NULL;
258 }
259 
260 static void watch_fired(struct xenbus_watch *watch,
261 			const char **vec,
262 			unsigned int len)
263 {
264 	struct watch_adapter *adap;
265 	struct xsd_sockmsg hdr;
266 	const char *path, *token;
267 	int path_len, tok_len, body_len, data_len = 0;
268 	int ret;
269 	LIST_HEAD(staging_q);
270 
271 	adap = container_of(watch, struct watch_adapter, watch);
272 
273 	path = vec[XS_WATCH_PATH];
274 	token = adap->token;
275 
276 	path_len = strlen(path) + 1;
277 	tok_len = strlen(token) + 1;
278 	if (len > 2)
279 		data_len = vec[len] - vec[2] + 1;
280 	body_len = path_len + tok_len + data_len;
281 
282 	hdr.type = XS_WATCH_EVENT;
283 	hdr.len = body_len;
284 
285 	mutex_lock(&adap->dev_data->reply_mutex);
286 
287 	ret = queue_reply(&staging_q, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
288 	if (!ret)
289 		ret = queue_reply(&staging_q, path, path_len);
290 	if (!ret)
291 		ret = queue_reply(&staging_q, token, tok_len);
292 	if (!ret && len > 2)
293 		ret = queue_reply(&staging_q, vec[2], data_len);
294 
295 	if (!ret) {
296 		/* success: pass reply list onto watcher */
297 		list_splice_tail(&staging_q, &adap->dev_data->read_buffers);
298 		wake_up(&adap->dev_data->read_waitq);
299 	} else
300 		queue_cleanup(&staging_q);
301 
302 	mutex_unlock(&adap->dev_data->reply_mutex);
303 }
304 
305 static int xenbus_write_transaction(unsigned msg_type,
306 				    struct xenbus_file_priv *u)
307 {
308 	int rc;
309 	void *reply;
310 	struct xenbus_transaction_holder *trans = NULL;
311 	LIST_HEAD(staging_q);
312 
313 	if (msg_type == XS_TRANSACTION_START) {
314 		trans = kmalloc(sizeof(*trans), GFP_KERNEL);
315 		if (!trans) {
316 			rc = -ENOMEM;
317 			goto out;
318 		}
319 	}
320 
321 	reply = xenbus_dev_request_and_reply(&u->u.msg);
322 	if (IS_ERR(reply)) {
323 		kfree(trans);
324 		rc = PTR_ERR(reply);
325 		goto out;
326 	}
327 
328 	if (msg_type == XS_TRANSACTION_START) {
329 		if (u->u.msg.type == XS_ERROR)
330 			kfree(trans);
331 		else {
332 			trans->handle.id = simple_strtoul(reply, NULL, 0);
333 			list_add(&trans->list, &u->transactions);
334 		}
335 	} else if (u->u.msg.type == XS_TRANSACTION_END) {
336 		list_for_each_entry(trans, &u->transactions, list)
337 			if (trans->handle.id == u->u.msg.tx_id)
338 				break;
339 		BUG_ON(&trans->list == &u->transactions);
340 		list_del(&trans->list);
341 
342 		kfree(trans);
343 	}
344 
345 	mutex_lock(&u->reply_mutex);
346 	rc = queue_reply(&staging_q, &u->u.msg, sizeof(u->u.msg));
347 	if (!rc)
348 		rc = queue_reply(&staging_q, reply, u->u.msg.len);
349 	if (!rc) {
350 		list_splice_tail(&staging_q, &u->read_buffers);
351 		wake_up(&u->read_waitq);
352 	} else {
353 		queue_cleanup(&staging_q);
354 	}
355 	mutex_unlock(&u->reply_mutex);
356 
357 	kfree(reply);
358 
359 out:
360 	return rc;
361 }
362 
363 static int xenbus_write_watch(unsigned msg_type, struct xenbus_file_priv *u)
364 {
365 	struct watch_adapter *watch, *tmp_watch;
366 	char *path, *token;
367 	int err, rc;
368 	LIST_HEAD(staging_q);
369 
370 	path = u->u.buffer + sizeof(u->u.msg);
371 	token = memchr(path, 0, u->u.msg.len);
372 	if (token == NULL) {
373 		rc = -EILSEQ;
374 		goto out;
375 	}
376 	token++;
377 	if (memchr(token, 0, u->u.msg.len - (token - path)) == NULL) {
378 		rc = -EILSEQ;
379 		goto out;
380 	}
381 
382 	if (msg_type == XS_WATCH) {
383 		watch = alloc_watch_adapter(path, token);
384 		if (watch == NULL) {
385 			rc = -ENOMEM;
386 			goto out;
387 		}
388 
389 		watch->watch.callback = watch_fired;
390 		watch->dev_data = u;
391 
392 		err = register_xenbus_watch(&watch->watch);
393 		if (err) {
394 			free_watch_adapter(watch);
395 			rc = err;
396 			goto out;
397 		}
398 		list_add(&watch->list, &u->watches);
399 	} else {
400 		list_for_each_entry_safe(watch, tmp_watch, &u->watches, list) {
401 			if (!strcmp(watch->token, token) &&
402 			    !strcmp(watch->watch.node, path)) {
403 				unregister_xenbus_watch(&watch->watch);
404 				list_del(&watch->list);
405 				free_watch_adapter(watch);
406 				break;
407 			}
408 		}
409 	}
410 
411 	/* Success.  Synthesize a reply to say all is OK. */
412 	{
413 		struct {
414 			struct xsd_sockmsg hdr;
415 			char body[3];
416 		} __packed reply = {
417 			{
418 				.type = msg_type,
419 				.len = sizeof(reply.body)
420 			},
421 			"OK"
422 		};
423 
424 		mutex_lock(&u->reply_mutex);
425 		rc = queue_reply(&u->read_buffers, &reply, sizeof(reply));
426 		wake_up(&u->read_waitq);
427 		mutex_unlock(&u->reply_mutex);
428 	}
429 
430 out:
431 	return rc;
432 }
433 
434 static ssize_t xenbus_file_write(struct file *filp,
435 				const char __user *ubuf,
436 				size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
437 {
438 	struct xenbus_file_priv *u = filp->private_data;
439 	uint32_t msg_type;
440 	int rc = len;
441 	int ret;
442 	LIST_HEAD(staging_q);
443 
444 	/*
445 	 * We're expecting usermode to be writing properly formed
446 	 * xenbus messages.  If they write an incomplete message we
447 	 * buffer it up.  Once it is complete, we act on it.
448 	 */
449 
450 	/*
451 	 * Make sure concurrent writers can't stomp all over each
452 	 * other's messages and make a mess of our partial message
453 	 * buffer.  We don't make any attemppt to stop multiple
454 	 * writers from making a mess of each other's incomplete
455 	 * messages; we're just trying to guarantee our own internal
456 	 * consistency and make sure that single writes are handled
457 	 * atomically.
458 	 */
459 	mutex_lock(&u->msgbuffer_mutex);
460 
461 	/* Get this out of the way early to avoid confusion */
462 	if (len == 0)
463 		goto out;
464 
465 	/* Can't write a xenbus message larger we can buffer */
466 	if (len > sizeof(u->u.buffer) - u->len) {
467 		/* On error, dump existing buffer */
468 		u->len = 0;
469 		rc = -EINVAL;
470 		goto out;
471 	}
472 
473 	ret = copy_from_user(u->u.buffer + u->len, ubuf, len);
474 
475 	if (ret != 0) {
476 		rc = -EFAULT;
477 		goto out;
478 	}
479 
480 	/* Deal with a partial copy. */
481 	len -= ret;
482 	rc = len;
483 
484 	u->len += len;
485 
486 	/* Return if we haven't got a full message yet */
487 	if (u->len < sizeof(u->u.msg))
488 		goto out;	/* not even the header yet */
489 
490 	/* If we're expecting a message that's larger than we can
491 	   possibly send, dump what we have and return an error. */
492 	if ((sizeof(u->u.msg) + u->u.msg.len) > sizeof(u->u.buffer)) {
493 		rc = -E2BIG;
494 		u->len = 0;
495 		goto out;
496 	}
497 
498 	if (u->len < (sizeof(u->u.msg) + u->u.msg.len))
499 		goto out;	/* incomplete data portion */
500 
501 	/*
502 	 * OK, now we have a complete message.  Do something with it.
503 	 */
504 
505 	msg_type = u->u.msg.type;
506 
507 	switch (msg_type) {
508 	case XS_WATCH:
509 	case XS_UNWATCH:
510 		/* (Un)Ask for some path to be watched for changes */
511 		ret = xenbus_write_watch(msg_type, u);
512 		break;
513 
514 	default:
515 		/* Send out a transaction */
516 		ret = xenbus_write_transaction(msg_type, u);
517 		break;
518 	}
519 	if (ret != 0)
520 		rc = ret;
521 
522 	/* Buffered message consumed */
523 	u->len = 0;
524 
525  out:
526 	mutex_unlock(&u->msgbuffer_mutex);
527 	return rc;
528 }
529 
530 static int xenbus_file_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
531 {
532 	struct xenbus_file_priv *u;
533 
534 	if (xen_store_evtchn == 0)
535 		return -ENOENT;
536 
537 	nonseekable_open(inode, filp);
538 
539 	u = kzalloc(sizeof(*u), GFP_KERNEL);
540 	if (u == NULL)
541 		return -ENOMEM;
542 
543 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&u->transactions);
544 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&u->watches);
545 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&u->read_buffers);
546 	init_waitqueue_head(&u->read_waitq);
547 
548 	mutex_init(&u->reply_mutex);
549 	mutex_init(&u->msgbuffer_mutex);
550 
551 	filp->private_data = u;
552 
553 	return 0;
554 }
555 
556 static int xenbus_file_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
557 {
558 	struct xenbus_file_priv *u = filp->private_data;
559 	struct xenbus_transaction_holder *trans, *tmp;
560 	struct watch_adapter *watch, *tmp_watch;
561 	struct read_buffer *rb, *tmp_rb;
562 
563 	/*
564 	 * No need for locking here because there are no other users,
565 	 * by definition.
566 	 */
567 
568 	list_for_each_entry_safe(trans, tmp, &u->transactions, list) {
569 		xenbus_transaction_end(trans->handle, 1);
570 		list_del(&trans->list);
571 		kfree(trans);
572 	}
573 
574 	list_for_each_entry_safe(watch, tmp_watch, &u->watches, list) {
575 		unregister_xenbus_watch(&watch->watch);
576 		list_del(&watch->list);
577 		free_watch_adapter(watch);
578 	}
579 
580 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rb, tmp_rb, &u->read_buffers, list) {
581 		list_del(&rb->list);
582 		kfree(rb);
583 	}
584 	kfree(u);
585 
586 	return 0;
587 }
588 
589 static unsigned int xenbus_file_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
590 {
591 	struct xenbus_file_priv *u = file->private_data;
592 
593 	poll_wait(file, &u->read_waitq, wait);
594 	if (!list_empty(&u->read_buffers))
595 		return POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
596 	return 0;
597 }
598 
599 const struct file_operations xen_xenbus_fops = {
600 	.read = xenbus_file_read,
601 	.write = xenbus_file_write,
602 	.open = xenbus_file_open,
603 	.release = xenbus_file_release,
604 	.poll = xenbus_file_poll,
605 	.llseek = no_llseek,
606 };
607 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xen_xenbus_fops);
608 
609 static struct miscdevice xenbus_dev = {
610 	.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
611 	.name = "xen/xenbus",
612 	.fops = &xen_xenbus_fops,
613 };
614 
615 static int __init xenbus_init(void)
616 {
617 	int err;
618 
619 	if (!xen_domain())
620 		return -ENODEV;
621 
622 	err = misc_register(&xenbus_dev);
623 	if (err)
624 		pr_err("Could not register xenbus frontend device\n");
625 	return err;
626 }
627 
628 static void __exit xenbus_exit(void)
629 {
630 	misc_deregister(&xenbus_dev);
631 }
632 
633 module_init(xenbus_init);
634 module_exit(xenbus_exit);
635