1 /*
2  *	watchdog_dev.c
3  *
4  *	(c) Copyright 2008-2011 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
5  *						All Rights Reserved.
6  *
7  *	(c) Copyright 2008-2011 Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>.
8  *
9  *
10  *	This source code is part of the generic code that can be used
11  *	by all the watchdog timer drivers.
12  *
13  *	This part of the generic code takes care of the following
14  *	misc device: /dev/watchdog.
15  *
16  *	Based on source code of the following authors:
17  *	  Matt Domsch <Matt_Domsch@dell.com>,
18  *	  Rob Radez <rob@osinvestor.com>,
19  *	  Rusty Lynch <rusty@linux.co.intel.com>
20  *	  Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
21  *	  Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
22  *
23  *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
24  *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
25  *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
26  *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
27  *
28  *	Neither Alan Cox, CymruNet Ltd., Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw.
29  *	admit liability nor provide warranty for any of this software.
30  *	This material is provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
31  */
32 
33 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
34 
35 #include <linux/module.h>	/* For module stuff/... */
36 #include <linux/types.h>	/* For standard types (like size_t) */
37 #include <linux/errno.h>	/* For the -ENODEV/... values */
38 #include <linux/kernel.h>	/* For printk/panic/... */
39 #include <linux/fs.h>		/* For file operations */
40 #include <linux/watchdog.h>	/* For watchdog specific items */
41 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>	/* For handling misc devices */
42 #include <linux/init.h>		/* For __init/__exit/... */
43 #include <linux/uaccess.h>	/* For copy_to_user/put_user/... */
44 
45 /* make sure we only register one /dev/watchdog device */
46 static unsigned long watchdog_dev_busy;
47 /* the watchdog device behind /dev/watchdog */
48 static struct watchdog_device *wdd;
49 
50 /*
51  *	watchdog_ping: ping the watchdog.
52  *	@wddev: the watchdog device to ping
53  *
54  *	If the watchdog has no own ping operation then it needs to be
55  *	restarted via the start operation. This wrapper function does
56  *	exactly that.
57  *	We only ping when the watchdog device is running.
58  */
59 
60 static int watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wddev)
61 {
62 	if (test_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status)) {
63 		if (wddev->ops->ping)
64 			return wddev->ops->ping(wddev);  /* ping the watchdog */
65 		else
66 			return wddev->ops->start(wddev); /* restart watchdog */
67 	}
68 	return 0;
69 }
70 
71 /*
72  *	watchdog_start: wrapper to start the watchdog.
73  *	@wddev: the watchdog device to start
74  *
75  *	Start the watchdog if it is not active and mark it active.
76  *	This function returns zero on success or a negative errno code for
77  *	failure.
78  */
79 
80 static int watchdog_start(struct watchdog_device *wddev)
81 {
82 	int err;
83 
84 	if (!test_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status)) {
85 		err = wddev->ops->start(wddev);
86 		if (err < 0)
87 			return err;
88 
89 		set_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
90 	}
91 	return 0;
92 }
93 
94 /*
95  *	watchdog_stop: wrapper to stop the watchdog.
96  *	@wddev: the watchdog device to stop
97  *
98  *	Stop the watchdog if it is still active and unmark it active.
99  *	This function returns zero on success or a negative errno code for
100  *	failure.
101  */
102 
103 static int watchdog_stop(struct watchdog_device *wddev)
104 {
105 	int err;
106 
107 	if (test_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status)) {
108 		err = wddev->ops->stop(wddev);
109 		if (err < 0)
110 			return err;
111 
112 		clear_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
113 	}
114 	return 0;
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  *	watchdog_write: writes to the watchdog.
119  *	@file: file from VFS
120  *	@data: user address of data
121  *	@len: length of data
122  *	@ppos: pointer to the file offset
123  *
124  *	A write to a watchdog device is defined as a keepalive ping.
125  *	Writing the magic 'V' sequence allows the next close to turn
126  *	off the watchdog.
127  */
128 
129 static ssize_t watchdog_write(struct file *file, const char __user *data,
130 						size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
131 {
132 	size_t i;
133 	char c;
134 
135 	if (len == 0)
136 		return 0;
137 
138 	/*
139 	 * Note: just in case someone wrote the magic character
140 	 * five months ago...
141 	 */
142 	clear_bit(WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE, &wdd->status);
143 
144 	/* scan to see whether or not we got the magic character */
145 	for (i = 0; i != len; i++) {
146 		if (get_user(c, data + i))
147 			return -EFAULT;
148 		if (c == 'V')
149 			set_bit(WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE, &wdd->status);
150 	}
151 
152 	/* someone wrote to us, so we send the watchdog a keepalive ping */
153 	watchdog_ping(wdd);
154 
155 	return len;
156 }
157 
158 /*
159  *	watchdog_ioctl: handle the different ioctl's for the watchdog device.
160  *	@file: file handle to the device
161  *	@cmd: watchdog command
162  *	@arg: argument pointer
163  *
164  *	The watchdog API defines a common set of functions for all watchdogs
165  *	according to their available features.
166  */
167 
168 static long watchdog_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
169 							unsigned long arg)
170 {
171 	void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
172 	int __user *p = argp;
173 	unsigned int val;
174 	int err;
175 
176 	switch (cmd) {
177 	case WDIOC_GETSUPPORT:
178 		return copy_to_user(argp, wdd->info,
179 			sizeof(struct watchdog_info)) ? -EFAULT : 0;
180 	case WDIOC_GETSTATUS:
181 		val = wdd->ops->status ? wdd->ops->status(wdd) : 0;
182 		return put_user(val, p);
183 	case WDIOC_GETBOOTSTATUS:
184 		return put_user(wdd->bootstatus, p);
185 	case WDIOC_SETOPTIONS:
186 		if (get_user(val, p))
187 			return -EFAULT;
188 		if (val & WDIOS_DISABLECARD) {
189 			err = watchdog_stop(wdd);
190 			if (err < 0)
191 				return err;
192 		}
193 		if (val & WDIOS_ENABLECARD) {
194 			err = watchdog_start(wdd);
195 			if (err < 0)
196 				return err;
197 		}
198 		return 0;
199 	case WDIOC_KEEPALIVE:
200 		if (!(wdd->info->options & WDIOF_KEEPALIVEPING))
201 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
202 		watchdog_ping(wdd);
203 		return 0;
204 	case WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT:
205 		if ((wdd->ops->set_timeout == NULL) ||
206 		    !(wdd->info->options & WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT))
207 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
208 		if (get_user(val, p))
209 			return -EFAULT;
210 		err = wdd->ops->set_timeout(wdd, val);
211 		if (err < 0)
212 			return err;
213 		wdd->timeout = val;
214 		/* If the watchdog is active then we send a keepalive ping
215 		 * to make sure that the watchdog keep's running (and if
216 		 * possible that it takes the new timeout) */
217 		watchdog_ping(wdd);
218 		/* Fall */
219 	case WDIOC_GETTIMEOUT:
220 		/* timeout == 0 means that we don't know the timeout */
221 		if (wdd->timeout == 0)
222 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
223 		return put_user(wdd->timeout, p);
224 	default:
225 		return -ENOTTY;
226 	}
227 }
228 
229 /*
230  *	watchdog_open: open the /dev/watchdog device.
231  *	@inode: inode of device
232  *	@file: file handle to device
233  *
234  *	When the /dev/watchdog device gets opened, we start the watchdog.
235  *	Watch out: the /dev/watchdog device is single open, so we make sure
236  *	it can only be opened once.
237  */
238 
239 static int watchdog_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
240 {
241 	int err = -EBUSY;
242 
243 	/* the watchdog is single open! */
244 	if (test_and_set_bit(WDOG_DEV_OPEN, &wdd->status))
245 		return -EBUSY;
246 
247 	/*
248 	 * If the /dev/watchdog device is open, we don't want the module
249 	 * to be unloaded.
250 	 */
251 	if (!try_module_get(wdd->ops->owner))
252 		goto out;
253 
254 	err = watchdog_start(wdd);
255 	if (err < 0)
256 		goto out_mod;
257 
258 	/* dev/watchdog is a virtual (and thus non-seekable) filesystem */
259 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
260 
261 out_mod:
262 	module_put(wdd->ops->owner);
263 out:
264 	clear_bit(WDOG_DEV_OPEN, &wdd->status);
265 	return err;
266 }
267 
268 /*
269  *      watchdog_release: release the /dev/watchdog device.
270  *      @inode: inode of device
271  *      @file: file handle to device
272  *
273  *	This is the code for when /dev/watchdog gets closed. We will only
274  *	stop the watchdog when we have received the magic char, else the
275  *	watchdog will keep running.
276  */
277 
278 static int watchdog_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
279 {
280 	int err = -EBUSY;
281 
282 	/*
283 	 * We only stop the watchdog if we received the magic character
284 	 * or if WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE is not set
285 	 */
286 	if (test_and_clear_bit(WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE, &wdd->status) ||
287 	    !(wdd->info->options & WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE))
288 		err = watchdog_stop(wdd);
289 
290 	/* If the watchdog was not stopped, send a keepalive ping */
291 	if (err < 0) {
292 		pr_crit("%s: watchdog did not stop!\n", wdd->info->identity);
293 		watchdog_ping(wdd);
294 	}
295 
296 	/* Allow the owner module to be unloaded again */
297 	module_put(wdd->ops->owner);
298 
299 	/* make sure that /dev/watchdog can be re-opened */
300 	clear_bit(WDOG_DEV_OPEN, &wdd->status);
301 
302 	return 0;
303 }
304 
305 static const struct file_operations watchdog_fops = {
306 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
307 	.write		= watchdog_write,
308 	.unlocked_ioctl	= watchdog_ioctl,
309 	.open		= watchdog_open,
310 	.release	= watchdog_release,
311 };
312 
313 static struct miscdevice watchdog_miscdev = {
314 	.minor		= WATCHDOG_MINOR,
315 	.name		= "watchdog",
316 	.fops		= &watchdog_fops,
317 };
318 
319 /*
320  *	watchdog_dev_register:
321  *	@watchdog: watchdog device
322  *
323  *	Register a watchdog device as /dev/watchdog. /dev/watchdog
324  *	is actually a miscdevice and thus we set it up like that.
325  */
326 
327 int watchdog_dev_register(struct watchdog_device *watchdog)
328 {
329 	int err;
330 
331 	/* Only one device can register for /dev/watchdog */
332 	if (test_and_set_bit(0, &watchdog_dev_busy)) {
333 		pr_err("only one watchdog can use /dev/watchdog.\n");
334 		return -EBUSY;
335 	}
336 
337 	wdd = watchdog;
338 
339 	err = misc_register(&watchdog_miscdev);
340 	if (err != 0) {
341 		pr_err("%s: cannot register miscdev on minor=%d (err=%d).\n",
342 			watchdog->info->identity, WATCHDOG_MINOR, err);
343 		goto out;
344 	}
345 
346 	return 0;
347 
348 out:
349 	wdd = NULL;
350 	clear_bit(0, &watchdog_dev_busy);
351 	return err;
352 }
353 
354 /*
355  *	watchdog_dev_unregister:
356  *	@watchdog: watchdog device
357  *
358  *	Deregister the /dev/watchdog device.
359  */
360 
361 int watchdog_dev_unregister(struct watchdog_device *watchdog)
362 {
363 	/* Check that a watchdog device was registered in the past */
364 	if (!test_bit(0, &watchdog_dev_busy) || !wdd)
365 		return -ENODEV;
366 
367 	/* We can only unregister the watchdog device that was registered */
368 	if (watchdog != wdd) {
369 		pr_err("%s: watchdog was not registered as /dev/watchdog.\n",
370 			watchdog->info->identity);
371 		return -ENODEV;
372 	}
373 
374 	misc_deregister(&watchdog_miscdev);
375 	wdd = NULL;
376 	clear_bit(0, &watchdog_dev_busy);
377 	return 0;
378 }
379