xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/spi/spidev.c (revision 26cfd12b)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Simple synchronous userspace interface to SPI devices
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2006 SWAPP
6  *	Andrea Paterniani <a.paterniani@swapp-eng.it>
7  * Copyright (C) 2007 David Brownell (simplification, cleanup)
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/init.h>
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
13 #include <linux/fs.h>
14 #include <linux/device.h>
15 #include <linux/err.h>
16 #include <linux/list.h>
17 #include <linux/errno.h>
18 #include <linux/mutex.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 #include <linux/compat.h>
21 #include <linux/of.h>
22 #include <linux/of_device.h>
23 #include <linux/acpi.h>
24 
25 #include <linux/spi/spi.h>
26 #include <linux/spi/spidev.h>
27 
28 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
29 
30 
31 /*
32  * This supports access to SPI devices using normal userspace I/O calls.
33  * Note that while traditional UNIX/POSIX I/O semantics are half duplex,
34  * and often mask message boundaries, full SPI support requires full duplex
35  * transfers.  There are several kinds of internal message boundaries to
36  * handle chipselect management and other protocol options.
37  *
38  * SPI has a character major number assigned.  We allocate minor numbers
39  * dynamically using a bitmask.  You must use hotplug tools, such as udev
40  * (or mdev with busybox) to create and destroy the /dev/spidevB.C device
41  * nodes, since there is no fixed association of minor numbers with any
42  * particular SPI bus or device.
43  */
44 #define SPIDEV_MAJOR			153	/* assigned */
45 #define N_SPI_MINORS			32	/* ... up to 256 */
46 
47 static DECLARE_BITMAP(minors, N_SPI_MINORS);
48 
49 
50 /* Bit masks for spi_device.mode management.  Note that incorrect
51  * settings for some settings can cause *lots* of trouble for other
52  * devices on a shared bus:
53  *
54  *  - CS_HIGH ... this device will be active when it shouldn't be
55  *  - 3WIRE ... when active, it won't behave as it should
56  *  - NO_CS ... there will be no explicit message boundaries; this
57  *	is completely incompatible with the shared bus model
58  *  - READY ... transfers may proceed when they shouldn't.
59  *
60  * REVISIT should changing those flags be privileged?
61  */
62 #define SPI_MODE_MASK		(SPI_CPHA | SPI_CPOL | SPI_CS_HIGH \
63 				| SPI_LSB_FIRST | SPI_3WIRE | SPI_LOOP \
64 				| SPI_NO_CS | SPI_READY | SPI_TX_DUAL \
65 				| SPI_TX_QUAD | SPI_TX_OCTAL | SPI_RX_DUAL \
66 				| SPI_RX_QUAD | SPI_RX_OCTAL)
67 
68 struct spidev_data {
69 	dev_t			devt;
70 	spinlock_t		spi_lock;
71 	struct spi_device	*spi;
72 	struct list_head	device_entry;
73 
74 	/* TX/RX buffers are NULL unless this device is open (users > 0) */
75 	struct mutex		buf_lock;
76 	unsigned		users;
77 	u8			*tx_buffer;
78 	u8			*rx_buffer;
79 	u32			speed_hz;
80 };
81 
82 static LIST_HEAD(device_list);
83 static DEFINE_MUTEX(device_list_lock);
84 
85 static unsigned bufsiz = 4096;
86 module_param(bufsiz, uint, S_IRUGO);
87 MODULE_PARM_DESC(bufsiz, "data bytes in biggest supported SPI message");
88 
89 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
90 
91 static ssize_t
92 spidev_sync(struct spidev_data *spidev, struct spi_message *message)
93 {
94 	int status;
95 	struct spi_device *spi;
96 
97 	spin_lock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
98 	spi = spidev->spi;
99 	spin_unlock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
100 
101 	if (spi == NULL)
102 		status = -ESHUTDOWN;
103 	else
104 		status = spi_sync(spi, message);
105 
106 	if (status == 0)
107 		status = message->actual_length;
108 
109 	return status;
110 }
111 
112 static inline ssize_t
113 spidev_sync_write(struct spidev_data *spidev, size_t len)
114 {
115 	struct spi_transfer	t = {
116 			.tx_buf		= spidev->tx_buffer,
117 			.len		= len,
118 			.speed_hz	= spidev->speed_hz,
119 		};
120 	struct spi_message	m;
121 
122 	spi_message_init(&m);
123 	spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
124 	return spidev_sync(spidev, &m);
125 }
126 
127 static inline ssize_t
128 spidev_sync_read(struct spidev_data *spidev, size_t len)
129 {
130 	struct spi_transfer	t = {
131 			.rx_buf		= spidev->rx_buffer,
132 			.len		= len,
133 			.speed_hz	= spidev->speed_hz,
134 		};
135 	struct spi_message	m;
136 
137 	spi_message_init(&m);
138 	spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
139 	return spidev_sync(spidev, &m);
140 }
141 
142 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
143 
144 /* Read-only message with current device setup */
145 static ssize_t
146 spidev_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_pos)
147 {
148 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
149 	ssize_t			status = 0;
150 
151 	/* chipselect only toggles at start or end of operation */
152 	if (count > bufsiz)
153 		return -EMSGSIZE;
154 
155 	spidev = filp->private_data;
156 
157 	mutex_lock(&spidev->buf_lock);
158 	status = spidev_sync_read(spidev, count);
159 	if (status > 0) {
160 		unsigned long	missing;
161 
162 		missing = copy_to_user(buf, spidev->rx_buffer, status);
163 		if (missing == status)
164 			status = -EFAULT;
165 		else
166 			status = status - missing;
167 	}
168 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->buf_lock);
169 
170 	return status;
171 }
172 
173 /* Write-only message with current device setup */
174 static ssize_t
175 spidev_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,
176 		size_t count, loff_t *f_pos)
177 {
178 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
179 	ssize_t			status = 0;
180 	unsigned long		missing;
181 
182 	/* chipselect only toggles at start or end of operation */
183 	if (count > bufsiz)
184 		return -EMSGSIZE;
185 
186 	spidev = filp->private_data;
187 
188 	mutex_lock(&spidev->buf_lock);
189 	missing = copy_from_user(spidev->tx_buffer, buf, count);
190 	if (missing == 0)
191 		status = spidev_sync_write(spidev, count);
192 	else
193 		status = -EFAULT;
194 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->buf_lock);
195 
196 	return status;
197 }
198 
199 static int spidev_message(struct spidev_data *spidev,
200 		struct spi_ioc_transfer *u_xfers, unsigned n_xfers)
201 {
202 	struct spi_message	msg;
203 	struct spi_transfer	*k_xfers;
204 	struct spi_transfer	*k_tmp;
205 	struct spi_ioc_transfer *u_tmp;
206 	unsigned		n, total, tx_total, rx_total;
207 	u8			*tx_buf, *rx_buf;
208 	int			status = -EFAULT;
209 
210 	spi_message_init(&msg);
211 	k_xfers = kcalloc(n_xfers, sizeof(*k_tmp), GFP_KERNEL);
212 	if (k_xfers == NULL)
213 		return -ENOMEM;
214 
215 	/* Construct spi_message, copying any tx data to bounce buffer.
216 	 * We walk the array of user-provided transfers, using each one
217 	 * to initialize a kernel version of the same transfer.
218 	 */
219 	tx_buf = spidev->tx_buffer;
220 	rx_buf = spidev->rx_buffer;
221 	total = 0;
222 	tx_total = 0;
223 	rx_total = 0;
224 	for (n = n_xfers, k_tmp = k_xfers, u_tmp = u_xfers;
225 			n;
226 			n--, k_tmp++, u_tmp++) {
227 		k_tmp->len = u_tmp->len;
228 
229 		total += k_tmp->len;
230 		/* Since the function returns the total length of transfers
231 		 * on success, restrict the total to positive int values to
232 		 * avoid the return value looking like an error.  Also check
233 		 * each transfer length to avoid arithmetic overflow.
234 		 */
235 		if (total > INT_MAX || k_tmp->len > INT_MAX) {
236 			status = -EMSGSIZE;
237 			goto done;
238 		}
239 
240 		if (u_tmp->rx_buf) {
241 			/* this transfer needs space in RX bounce buffer */
242 			rx_total += k_tmp->len;
243 			if (rx_total > bufsiz) {
244 				status = -EMSGSIZE;
245 				goto done;
246 			}
247 			k_tmp->rx_buf = rx_buf;
248 			rx_buf += k_tmp->len;
249 		}
250 		if (u_tmp->tx_buf) {
251 			/* this transfer needs space in TX bounce buffer */
252 			tx_total += k_tmp->len;
253 			if (tx_total > bufsiz) {
254 				status = -EMSGSIZE;
255 				goto done;
256 			}
257 			k_tmp->tx_buf = tx_buf;
258 			if (copy_from_user(tx_buf, (const u8 __user *)
259 						(uintptr_t) u_tmp->tx_buf,
260 					u_tmp->len))
261 				goto done;
262 			tx_buf += k_tmp->len;
263 		}
264 
265 		k_tmp->cs_change = !!u_tmp->cs_change;
266 		k_tmp->tx_nbits = u_tmp->tx_nbits;
267 		k_tmp->rx_nbits = u_tmp->rx_nbits;
268 		k_tmp->bits_per_word = u_tmp->bits_per_word;
269 		k_tmp->delay.value = u_tmp->delay_usecs;
270 		k_tmp->delay.unit = SPI_DELAY_UNIT_USECS;
271 		k_tmp->speed_hz = u_tmp->speed_hz;
272 		k_tmp->word_delay.value = u_tmp->word_delay_usecs;
273 		k_tmp->word_delay.unit = SPI_DELAY_UNIT_USECS;
274 		if (!k_tmp->speed_hz)
275 			k_tmp->speed_hz = spidev->speed_hz;
276 #ifdef VERBOSE
277 		dev_dbg(&spidev->spi->dev,
278 			"  xfer len %u %s%s%s%dbits %u usec %u usec %uHz\n",
279 			k_tmp->len,
280 			k_tmp->rx_buf ? "rx " : "",
281 			k_tmp->tx_buf ? "tx " : "",
282 			k_tmp->cs_change ? "cs " : "",
283 			k_tmp->bits_per_word ? : spidev->spi->bits_per_word,
284 			k_tmp->delay.value,
285 			k_tmp->word_delay.value,
286 			k_tmp->speed_hz ? : spidev->spi->max_speed_hz);
287 #endif
288 		spi_message_add_tail(k_tmp, &msg);
289 	}
290 
291 	status = spidev_sync(spidev, &msg);
292 	if (status < 0)
293 		goto done;
294 
295 	/* copy any rx data out of bounce buffer */
296 	rx_buf = spidev->rx_buffer;
297 	for (n = n_xfers, u_tmp = u_xfers; n; n--, u_tmp++) {
298 		if (u_tmp->rx_buf) {
299 			if (copy_to_user((u8 __user *)
300 					(uintptr_t) u_tmp->rx_buf, rx_buf,
301 					u_tmp->len)) {
302 				status = -EFAULT;
303 				goto done;
304 			}
305 			rx_buf += u_tmp->len;
306 		}
307 	}
308 	status = total;
309 
310 done:
311 	kfree(k_xfers);
312 	return status;
313 }
314 
315 static struct spi_ioc_transfer *
316 spidev_get_ioc_message(unsigned int cmd, struct spi_ioc_transfer __user *u_ioc,
317 		unsigned *n_ioc)
318 {
319 	u32	tmp;
320 
321 	/* Check type, command number and direction */
322 	if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) != SPI_IOC_MAGIC
323 			|| _IOC_NR(cmd) != _IOC_NR(SPI_IOC_MESSAGE(0))
324 			|| _IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_WRITE)
325 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOTTY);
326 
327 	tmp = _IOC_SIZE(cmd);
328 	if ((tmp % sizeof(struct spi_ioc_transfer)) != 0)
329 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
330 	*n_ioc = tmp / sizeof(struct spi_ioc_transfer);
331 	if (*n_ioc == 0)
332 		return NULL;
333 
334 	/* copy into scratch area */
335 	return memdup_user(u_ioc, tmp);
336 }
337 
338 static long
339 spidev_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
340 {
341 	int			retval = 0;
342 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
343 	struct spi_device	*spi;
344 	u32			tmp;
345 	unsigned		n_ioc;
346 	struct spi_ioc_transfer	*ioc;
347 
348 	/* Check type and command number */
349 	if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) != SPI_IOC_MAGIC)
350 		return -ENOTTY;
351 
352 	/* guard against device removal before, or while,
353 	 * we issue this ioctl.
354 	 */
355 	spidev = filp->private_data;
356 	spin_lock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
357 	spi = spi_dev_get(spidev->spi);
358 	spin_unlock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
359 
360 	if (spi == NULL)
361 		return -ESHUTDOWN;
362 
363 	/* use the buffer lock here for triple duty:
364 	 *  - prevent I/O (from us) so calling spi_setup() is safe;
365 	 *  - prevent concurrent SPI_IOC_WR_* from morphing
366 	 *    data fields while SPI_IOC_RD_* reads them;
367 	 *  - SPI_IOC_MESSAGE needs the buffer locked "normally".
368 	 */
369 	mutex_lock(&spidev->buf_lock);
370 
371 	switch (cmd) {
372 	/* read requests */
373 	case SPI_IOC_RD_MODE:
374 		retval = put_user(spi->mode & SPI_MODE_MASK,
375 					(__u8 __user *)arg);
376 		break;
377 	case SPI_IOC_RD_MODE32:
378 		retval = put_user(spi->mode & SPI_MODE_MASK,
379 					(__u32 __user *)arg);
380 		break;
381 	case SPI_IOC_RD_LSB_FIRST:
382 		retval = put_user((spi->mode & SPI_LSB_FIRST) ?  1 : 0,
383 					(__u8 __user *)arg);
384 		break;
385 	case SPI_IOC_RD_BITS_PER_WORD:
386 		retval = put_user(spi->bits_per_word, (__u8 __user *)arg);
387 		break;
388 	case SPI_IOC_RD_MAX_SPEED_HZ:
389 		retval = put_user(spidev->speed_hz, (__u32 __user *)arg);
390 		break;
391 
392 	/* write requests */
393 	case SPI_IOC_WR_MODE:
394 	case SPI_IOC_WR_MODE32:
395 		if (cmd == SPI_IOC_WR_MODE)
396 			retval = get_user(tmp, (u8 __user *)arg);
397 		else
398 			retval = get_user(tmp, (u32 __user *)arg);
399 		if (retval == 0) {
400 			struct spi_controller *ctlr = spi->controller;
401 			u32	save = spi->mode;
402 
403 			if (tmp & ~SPI_MODE_MASK) {
404 				retval = -EINVAL;
405 				break;
406 			}
407 
408 			if (ctlr->use_gpio_descriptors && ctlr->cs_gpiods &&
409 			    ctlr->cs_gpiods[spi->chip_select])
410 				tmp |= SPI_CS_HIGH;
411 
412 			tmp |= spi->mode & ~SPI_MODE_MASK;
413 			spi->mode = (u16)tmp;
414 			retval = spi_setup(spi);
415 			if (retval < 0)
416 				spi->mode = save;
417 			else
418 				dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "spi mode %x\n", tmp);
419 		}
420 		break;
421 	case SPI_IOC_WR_LSB_FIRST:
422 		retval = get_user(tmp, (__u8 __user *)arg);
423 		if (retval == 0) {
424 			u32	save = spi->mode;
425 
426 			if (tmp)
427 				spi->mode |= SPI_LSB_FIRST;
428 			else
429 				spi->mode &= ~SPI_LSB_FIRST;
430 			retval = spi_setup(spi);
431 			if (retval < 0)
432 				spi->mode = save;
433 			else
434 				dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%csb first\n",
435 						tmp ? 'l' : 'm');
436 		}
437 		break;
438 	case SPI_IOC_WR_BITS_PER_WORD:
439 		retval = get_user(tmp, (__u8 __user *)arg);
440 		if (retval == 0) {
441 			u8	save = spi->bits_per_word;
442 
443 			spi->bits_per_word = tmp;
444 			retval = spi_setup(spi);
445 			if (retval < 0)
446 				spi->bits_per_word = save;
447 			else
448 				dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%d bits per word\n", tmp);
449 		}
450 		break;
451 	case SPI_IOC_WR_MAX_SPEED_HZ:
452 		retval = get_user(tmp, (__u32 __user *)arg);
453 		if (retval == 0) {
454 			u32	save = spi->max_speed_hz;
455 
456 			spi->max_speed_hz = tmp;
457 			retval = spi_setup(spi);
458 			if (retval == 0) {
459 				spidev->speed_hz = tmp;
460 				dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%d Hz (max)\n",
461 					spidev->speed_hz);
462 			}
463 			spi->max_speed_hz = save;
464 		}
465 		break;
466 
467 	default:
468 		/* segmented and/or full-duplex I/O request */
469 		/* Check message and copy into scratch area */
470 		ioc = spidev_get_ioc_message(cmd,
471 				(struct spi_ioc_transfer __user *)arg, &n_ioc);
472 		if (IS_ERR(ioc)) {
473 			retval = PTR_ERR(ioc);
474 			break;
475 		}
476 		if (!ioc)
477 			break;	/* n_ioc is also 0 */
478 
479 		/* translate to spi_message, execute */
480 		retval = spidev_message(spidev, ioc, n_ioc);
481 		kfree(ioc);
482 		break;
483 	}
484 
485 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->buf_lock);
486 	spi_dev_put(spi);
487 	return retval;
488 }
489 
490 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
491 static long
492 spidev_compat_ioc_message(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd,
493 		unsigned long arg)
494 {
495 	struct spi_ioc_transfer __user	*u_ioc;
496 	int				retval = 0;
497 	struct spidev_data		*spidev;
498 	struct spi_device		*spi;
499 	unsigned			n_ioc, n;
500 	struct spi_ioc_transfer		*ioc;
501 
502 	u_ioc = (struct spi_ioc_transfer __user *) compat_ptr(arg);
503 
504 	/* guard against device removal before, or while,
505 	 * we issue this ioctl.
506 	 */
507 	spidev = filp->private_data;
508 	spin_lock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
509 	spi = spi_dev_get(spidev->spi);
510 	spin_unlock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
511 
512 	if (spi == NULL)
513 		return -ESHUTDOWN;
514 
515 	/* SPI_IOC_MESSAGE needs the buffer locked "normally" */
516 	mutex_lock(&spidev->buf_lock);
517 
518 	/* Check message and copy into scratch area */
519 	ioc = spidev_get_ioc_message(cmd, u_ioc, &n_ioc);
520 	if (IS_ERR(ioc)) {
521 		retval = PTR_ERR(ioc);
522 		goto done;
523 	}
524 	if (!ioc)
525 		goto done;	/* n_ioc is also 0 */
526 
527 	/* Convert buffer pointers */
528 	for (n = 0; n < n_ioc; n++) {
529 		ioc[n].rx_buf = (uintptr_t) compat_ptr(ioc[n].rx_buf);
530 		ioc[n].tx_buf = (uintptr_t) compat_ptr(ioc[n].tx_buf);
531 	}
532 
533 	/* translate to spi_message, execute */
534 	retval = spidev_message(spidev, ioc, n_ioc);
535 	kfree(ioc);
536 
537 done:
538 	mutex_unlock(&spidev->buf_lock);
539 	spi_dev_put(spi);
540 	return retval;
541 }
542 
543 static long
544 spidev_compat_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
545 {
546 	if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) == SPI_IOC_MAGIC
547 			&& _IOC_NR(cmd) == _IOC_NR(SPI_IOC_MESSAGE(0))
548 			&& _IOC_DIR(cmd) == _IOC_WRITE)
549 		return spidev_compat_ioc_message(filp, cmd, arg);
550 
551 	return spidev_ioctl(filp, cmd, (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg));
552 }
553 #else
554 #define spidev_compat_ioctl NULL
555 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
556 
557 static int spidev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
558 {
559 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
560 	int			status = -ENXIO;
561 
562 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
563 
564 	list_for_each_entry(spidev, &device_list, device_entry) {
565 		if (spidev->devt == inode->i_rdev) {
566 			status = 0;
567 			break;
568 		}
569 	}
570 
571 	if (status) {
572 		pr_debug("spidev: nothing for minor %d\n", iminor(inode));
573 		goto err_find_dev;
574 	}
575 
576 	if (!spidev->tx_buffer) {
577 		spidev->tx_buffer = kmalloc(bufsiz, GFP_KERNEL);
578 		if (!spidev->tx_buffer) {
579 			dev_dbg(&spidev->spi->dev, "open/ENOMEM\n");
580 			status = -ENOMEM;
581 			goto err_find_dev;
582 		}
583 	}
584 
585 	if (!spidev->rx_buffer) {
586 		spidev->rx_buffer = kmalloc(bufsiz, GFP_KERNEL);
587 		if (!spidev->rx_buffer) {
588 			dev_dbg(&spidev->spi->dev, "open/ENOMEM\n");
589 			status = -ENOMEM;
590 			goto err_alloc_rx_buf;
591 		}
592 	}
593 
594 	spidev->users++;
595 	filp->private_data = spidev;
596 	stream_open(inode, filp);
597 
598 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
599 	return 0;
600 
601 err_alloc_rx_buf:
602 	kfree(spidev->tx_buffer);
603 	spidev->tx_buffer = NULL;
604 err_find_dev:
605 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
606 	return status;
607 }
608 
609 static int spidev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
610 {
611 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
612 
613 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
614 	spidev = filp->private_data;
615 	filp->private_data = NULL;
616 
617 	/* last close? */
618 	spidev->users--;
619 	if (!spidev->users) {
620 		int		dofree;
621 
622 		kfree(spidev->tx_buffer);
623 		spidev->tx_buffer = NULL;
624 
625 		kfree(spidev->rx_buffer);
626 		spidev->rx_buffer = NULL;
627 
628 		spin_lock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
629 		if (spidev->spi)
630 			spidev->speed_hz = spidev->spi->max_speed_hz;
631 
632 		/* ... after we unbound from the underlying device? */
633 		dofree = (spidev->spi == NULL);
634 		spin_unlock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
635 
636 		if (dofree)
637 			kfree(spidev);
638 	}
639 #ifdef CONFIG_SPI_SLAVE
640 	spi_slave_abort(spidev->spi);
641 #endif
642 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
643 
644 	return 0;
645 }
646 
647 static const struct file_operations spidev_fops = {
648 	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
649 	/* REVISIT switch to aio primitives, so that userspace
650 	 * gets more complete API coverage.  It'll simplify things
651 	 * too, except for the locking.
652 	 */
653 	.write =	spidev_write,
654 	.read =		spidev_read,
655 	.unlocked_ioctl = spidev_ioctl,
656 	.compat_ioctl = spidev_compat_ioctl,
657 	.open =		spidev_open,
658 	.release =	spidev_release,
659 	.llseek =	no_llseek,
660 };
661 
662 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
663 
664 /* The main reason to have this class is to make mdev/udev create the
665  * /dev/spidevB.C character device nodes exposing our userspace API.
666  * It also simplifies memory management.
667  */
668 
669 static struct class *spidev_class;
670 
671 #ifdef CONFIG_OF
672 static const struct of_device_id spidev_dt_ids[] = {
673 	{ .compatible = "rohm,dh2228fv" },
674 	{ .compatible = "lineartechnology,ltc2488" },
675 	{ .compatible = "ge,achc" },
676 	{ .compatible = "semtech,sx1301" },
677 	{ .compatible = "lwn,bk4" },
678 	{ .compatible = "dh,dhcom-board" },
679 	{ .compatible = "menlo,m53cpld" },
680 	{},
681 };
682 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, spidev_dt_ids);
683 #endif
684 
685 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI
686 
687 /* Dummy SPI devices not to be used in production systems */
688 #define SPIDEV_ACPI_DUMMY	1
689 
690 static const struct acpi_device_id spidev_acpi_ids[] = {
691 	/*
692 	 * The ACPI SPT000* devices are only meant for development and
693 	 * testing. Systems used in production should have a proper ACPI
694 	 * description of the connected peripheral and they should also use
695 	 * a proper driver instead of poking directly to the SPI bus.
696 	 */
697 	{ "SPT0001", SPIDEV_ACPI_DUMMY },
698 	{ "SPT0002", SPIDEV_ACPI_DUMMY },
699 	{ "SPT0003", SPIDEV_ACPI_DUMMY },
700 	{},
701 };
702 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(acpi, spidev_acpi_ids);
703 
704 static void spidev_probe_acpi(struct spi_device *spi)
705 {
706 	const struct acpi_device_id *id;
707 
708 	if (!has_acpi_companion(&spi->dev))
709 		return;
710 
711 	id = acpi_match_device(spidev_acpi_ids, &spi->dev);
712 	if (WARN_ON(!id))
713 		return;
714 
715 	if (id->driver_data == SPIDEV_ACPI_DUMMY)
716 		dev_warn(&spi->dev, "do not use this driver in production systems!\n");
717 }
718 #else
719 static inline void spidev_probe_acpi(struct spi_device *spi) {}
720 #endif
721 
722 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
723 
724 static int spidev_probe(struct spi_device *spi)
725 {
726 	struct spidev_data	*spidev;
727 	int			status;
728 	unsigned long		minor;
729 
730 	/*
731 	 * spidev should never be referenced in DT without a specific
732 	 * compatible string, it is a Linux implementation thing
733 	 * rather than a description of the hardware.
734 	 */
735 	WARN(spi->dev.of_node &&
736 	     of_device_is_compatible(spi->dev.of_node, "spidev"),
737 	     "%pOF: buggy DT: spidev listed directly in DT\n", spi->dev.of_node);
738 
739 	spidev_probe_acpi(spi);
740 
741 	/* Allocate driver data */
742 	spidev = kzalloc(sizeof(*spidev), GFP_KERNEL);
743 	if (!spidev)
744 		return -ENOMEM;
745 
746 	/* Initialize the driver data */
747 	spidev->spi = spi;
748 	spin_lock_init(&spidev->spi_lock);
749 	mutex_init(&spidev->buf_lock);
750 
751 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&spidev->device_entry);
752 
753 	/* If we can allocate a minor number, hook up this device.
754 	 * Reusing minors is fine so long as udev or mdev is working.
755 	 */
756 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
757 	minor = find_first_zero_bit(minors, N_SPI_MINORS);
758 	if (minor < N_SPI_MINORS) {
759 		struct device *dev;
760 
761 		spidev->devt = MKDEV(SPIDEV_MAJOR, minor);
762 		dev = device_create(spidev_class, &spi->dev, spidev->devt,
763 				    spidev, "spidev%d.%d",
764 				    spi->master->bus_num, spi->chip_select);
765 		status = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(dev);
766 	} else {
767 		dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "no minor number available!\n");
768 		status = -ENODEV;
769 	}
770 	if (status == 0) {
771 		set_bit(minor, minors);
772 		list_add(&spidev->device_entry, &device_list);
773 	}
774 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
775 
776 	spidev->speed_hz = spi->max_speed_hz;
777 
778 	if (status == 0)
779 		spi_set_drvdata(spi, spidev);
780 	else
781 		kfree(spidev);
782 
783 	return status;
784 }
785 
786 static int spidev_remove(struct spi_device *spi)
787 {
788 	struct spidev_data	*spidev = spi_get_drvdata(spi);
789 
790 	/* make sure ops on existing fds can abort cleanly */
791 	spin_lock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
792 	spidev->spi = NULL;
793 	spin_unlock_irq(&spidev->spi_lock);
794 
795 	/* prevent new opens */
796 	mutex_lock(&device_list_lock);
797 	list_del(&spidev->device_entry);
798 	device_destroy(spidev_class, spidev->devt);
799 	clear_bit(MINOR(spidev->devt), minors);
800 	if (spidev->users == 0)
801 		kfree(spidev);
802 	mutex_unlock(&device_list_lock);
803 
804 	return 0;
805 }
806 
807 static struct spi_driver spidev_spi_driver = {
808 	.driver = {
809 		.name =		"spidev",
810 		.of_match_table = of_match_ptr(spidev_dt_ids),
811 		.acpi_match_table = ACPI_PTR(spidev_acpi_ids),
812 	},
813 	.probe =	spidev_probe,
814 	.remove =	spidev_remove,
815 
816 	/* NOTE:  suspend/resume methods are not necessary here.
817 	 * We don't do anything except pass the requests to/from
818 	 * the underlying controller.  The refrigerator handles
819 	 * most issues; the controller driver handles the rest.
820 	 */
821 };
822 
823 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
824 
825 static int __init spidev_init(void)
826 {
827 	int status;
828 
829 	/* Claim our 256 reserved device numbers.  Then register a class
830 	 * that will key udev/mdev to add/remove /dev nodes.  Last, register
831 	 * the driver which manages those device numbers.
832 	 */
833 	BUILD_BUG_ON(N_SPI_MINORS > 256);
834 	status = register_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, "spi", &spidev_fops);
835 	if (status < 0)
836 		return status;
837 
838 	spidev_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "spidev");
839 	if (IS_ERR(spidev_class)) {
840 		unregister_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, spidev_spi_driver.driver.name);
841 		return PTR_ERR(spidev_class);
842 	}
843 
844 	status = spi_register_driver(&spidev_spi_driver);
845 	if (status < 0) {
846 		class_destroy(spidev_class);
847 		unregister_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, spidev_spi_driver.driver.name);
848 	}
849 	return status;
850 }
851 module_init(spidev_init);
852 
853 static void __exit spidev_exit(void)
854 {
855 	spi_unregister_driver(&spidev_spi_driver);
856 	class_destroy(spidev_class);
857 	unregister_chrdev(SPIDEV_MAJOR, spidev_spi_driver.driver.name);
858 }
859 module_exit(spidev_exit);
860 
861 MODULE_AUTHOR("Andrea Paterniani, <a.paterniani@swapp-eng.it>");
862 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("User mode SPI device interface");
863 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
864 MODULE_ALIAS("spi:spidev");
865