1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Generic SCSI-3 ALUA SCSI Device Handler
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Hannes Reinecke, SUSE Linux Products GmbH.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  */
8 #include <linux/slab.h>
9 #include <linux/delay.h>
10 #include <linux/module.h>
11 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
12 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
13 #include <scsi/scsi_proto.h>
14 #include <scsi/scsi_dbg.h>
15 #include <scsi/scsi_eh.h>
16 #include <scsi/scsi_dh.h>
17 
18 #define ALUA_DH_NAME "alua"
19 #define ALUA_DH_VER "2.0"
20 
21 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONE		0x00
22 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED		0x01
23 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED	0x02
24 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY		0x04
25 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE	0x08
26 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT	0x10
27 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE		0x40
28 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION		0x80
29 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_ALL		0xdf
30 
31 #define RTPG_FMT_MASK			0x70
32 #define RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR		0x10
33 
34 #define TPGS_MODE_UNINITIALIZED		 -1
35 #define TPGS_MODE_NONE			0x0
36 #define TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT		0x1
37 #define TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT		0x2
38 
39 #define ALUA_RTPG_SIZE			128
40 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT		60
41 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES		5
42 #define ALUA_RTPG_DELAY_MSECS		5
43 #define ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY		2
44 
45 /* device handler flags */
46 #define ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG		0x01
47 #define ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP	0x02
48 /* State machine flags */
49 #define ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG		0x10
50 #define ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG		0x20
51 #define ALUA_PG_RUNNING			0x40
52 
53 static uint optimize_stpg;
54 module_param(optimize_stpg, uint, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR);
55 MODULE_PARM_DESC(optimize_stpg, "Allow use of a non-optimized path, rather than sending a STPG, when implicit TPGS is supported (0=No,1=Yes). Default is 0.");
56 
57 static LIST_HEAD(port_group_list);
58 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(port_group_lock);
59 static struct workqueue_struct *kaluad_wq;
60 
61 struct alua_port_group {
62 	struct kref		kref;
63 	struct rcu_head		rcu;
64 	struct list_head	node;
65 	struct list_head	dh_list;
66 	unsigned char		device_id_str[256];
67 	int			device_id_len;
68 	int			group_id;
69 	int			tpgs;
70 	int			state;
71 	int			pref;
72 	int			valid_states;
73 	unsigned		flags; /* used for optimizing STPG */
74 	unsigned char		transition_tmo;
75 	unsigned long		expiry;
76 	unsigned long		interval;
77 	struct delayed_work	rtpg_work;
78 	spinlock_t		lock;
79 	struct list_head	rtpg_list;
80 	struct scsi_device	*rtpg_sdev;
81 };
82 
83 struct alua_dh_data {
84 	struct list_head	node;
85 	struct alua_port_group __rcu *pg;
86 	int			group_id;
87 	spinlock_t		pg_lock;
88 	struct scsi_device	*sdev;
89 	int			init_error;
90 	struct mutex		init_mutex;
91 };
92 
93 struct alua_queue_data {
94 	struct list_head	entry;
95 	activate_complete	callback_fn;
96 	void			*callback_data;
97 };
98 
99 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_CURRENT	0
100 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_ALL		1
101 
102 static void alua_rtpg_work(struct work_struct *work);
103 static bool alua_rtpg_queue(struct alua_port_group *pg,
104 			    struct scsi_device *sdev,
105 			    struct alua_queue_data *qdata, bool force);
106 static void alua_check(struct scsi_device *sdev, bool force);
107 
108 static void release_port_group(struct kref *kref)
109 {
110 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
111 
112 	pg = container_of(kref, struct alua_port_group, kref);
113 	if (pg->rtpg_sdev)
114 		flush_delayed_work(&pg->rtpg_work);
115 	spin_lock(&port_group_lock);
116 	list_del(&pg->node);
117 	spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
118 	kfree_rcu(pg, rcu);
119 }
120 
121 /*
122  * submit_rtpg - Issue a REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES command
123  * @sdev: sdev the command should be sent to
124  */
125 static int submit_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, unsigned char *buff,
126 		       int bufflen, struct scsi_sense_hdr *sshdr, int flags)
127 {
128 	u8 cdb[MAX_COMMAND_SIZE];
129 	int req_flags = REQ_FAILFAST_DEV | REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT |
130 		REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
131 
132 	/* Prepare the command. */
133 	memset(cdb, 0x0, MAX_COMMAND_SIZE);
134 	cdb[0] = MAINTENANCE_IN;
135 	if (!(flags & ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP))
136 		cdb[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS | MI_EXT_HDR_PARAM_FMT;
137 	else
138 		cdb[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS;
139 	put_unaligned_be32(bufflen, &cdb[6]);
140 
141 	return scsi_execute(sdev, cdb, DMA_FROM_DEVICE, buff, bufflen, NULL,
142 			sshdr, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
143 			ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, req_flags, 0, NULL);
144 }
145 
146 /*
147  * submit_stpg - Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command
148  *
149  * Currently we're only setting the current target port group state
150  * to 'active/optimized' and let the array firmware figure out
151  * the states of the remaining groups.
152  */
153 static int submit_stpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, int group_id,
154 		       struct scsi_sense_hdr *sshdr)
155 {
156 	u8 cdb[MAX_COMMAND_SIZE];
157 	unsigned char stpg_data[8];
158 	int stpg_len = 8;
159 	int req_flags = REQ_FAILFAST_DEV | REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT |
160 		REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
161 
162 	/* Prepare the data buffer */
163 	memset(stpg_data, 0, stpg_len);
164 	stpg_data[4] = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
165 	put_unaligned_be16(group_id, &stpg_data[6]);
166 
167 	/* Prepare the command. */
168 	memset(cdb, 0x0, MAX_COMMAND_SIZE);
169 	cdb[0] = MAINTENANCE_OUT;
170 	cdb[1] = MO_SET_TARGET_PGS;
171 	put_unaligned_be32(stpg_len, &cdb[6]);
172 
173 	return scsi_execute(sdev, cdb, DMA_TO_DEVICE, stpg_data, stpg_len, NULL,
174 			sshdr, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
175 			ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, req_flags, 0, NULL);
176 }
177 
178 static struct alua_port_group *alua_find_get_pg(char *id_str, size_t id_size,
179 						int group_id)
180 {
181 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
182 
183 	if (!id_str || !id_size || !strlen(id_str))
184 		return NULL;
185 
186 	list_for_each_entry(pg, &port_group_list, node) {
187 		if (pg->group_id != group_id)
188 			continue;
189 		if (!pg->device_id_len || pg->device_id_len != id_size)
190 			continue;
191 		if (strncmp(pg->device_id_str, id_str, id_size))
192 			continue;
193 		if (!kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref))
194 			continue;
195 		return pg;
196 	}
197 
198 	return NULL;
199 }
200 
201 /*
202  * alua_alloc_pg - Allocate a new port_group structure
203  * @sdev: scsi device
204  * @group_id: port group id
205  * @tpgs: target port group settings
206  *
207  * Allocate a new port_group structure for a given
208  * device.
209  */
210 static struct alua_port_group *alua_alloc_pg(struct scsi_device *sdev,
211 					     int group_id, int tpgs)
212 {
213 	struct alua_port_group *pg, *tmp_pg;
214 
215 	pg = kzalloc(sizeof(struct alua_port_group), GFP_KERNEL);
216 	if (!pg)
217 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
218 
219 	pg->device_id_len = scsi_vpd_lun_id(sdev, pg->device_id_str,
220 					    sizeof(pg->device_id_str));
221 	if (pg->device_id_len <= 0) {
222 		/*
223 		 * TPGS supported but no device identification found.
224 		 * Generate private device identification.
225 		 */
226 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
227 			    "%s: No device descriptors found\n",
228 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
229 		pg->device_id_str[0] = '\0';
230 		pg->device_id_len = 0;
231 	}
232 	pg->group_id = group_id;
233 	pg->tpgs = tpgs;
234 	pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
235 	pg->valid_states = TPGS_SUPPORT_ALL;
236 	if (optimize_stpg)
237 		pg->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
238 	kref_init(&pg->kref);
239 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&pg->rtpg_work, alua_rtpg_work);
240 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->rtpg_list);
241 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->node);
242 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->dh_list);
243 	spin_lock_init(&pg->lock);
244 
245 	spin_lock(&port_group_lock);
246 	tmp_pg = alua_find_get_pg(pg->device_id_str, pg->device_id_len,
247 				  group_id);
248 	if (tmp_pg) {
249 		spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
250 		kfree(pg);
251 		return tmp_pg;
252 	}
253 
254 	list_add(&pg->node, &port_group_list);
255 	spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
256 
257 	return pg;
258 }
259 
260 /*
261  * alua_check_tpgs - Evaluate TPGS setting
262  * @sdev: device to be checked
263  *
264  * Examine the TPGS setting of the sdev to find out if ALUA
265  * is supported.
266  */
267 static int alua_check_tpgs(struct scsi_device *sdev)
268 {
269 	int tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
270 
271 	/*
272 	 * ALUA support for non-disk devices is fraught with
273 	 * difficulties, so disable it for now.
274 	 */
275 	if (sdev->type != TYPE_DISK) {
276 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
277 			    "%s: disable for non-disk devices\n",
278 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
279 		return tpgs;
280 	}
281 
282 	tpgs = scsi_device_tpgs(sdev);
283 	switch (tpgs) {
284 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT|TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
285 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
286 			    "%s: supports implicit and explicit TPGS\n",
287 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
288 		break;
289 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT:
290 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports explicit TPGS\n",
291 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
292 		break;
293 	case TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
294 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports implicit TPGS\n",
295 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
296 		break;
297 	case TPGS_MODE_NONE:
298 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: not supported\n",
299 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
300 		break;
301 	default:
302 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
303 			    "%s: unsupported TPGS setting %d\n",
304 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, tpgs);
305 		tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
306 		break;
307 	}
308 
309 	return tpgs;
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  * alua_check_vpd - Evaluate INQUIRY vpd page 0x83
314  * @sdev: device to be checked
315  *
316  * Extract the relative target port and the target port group
317  * descriptor from the list of identificators.
318  */
319 static int alua_check_vpd(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h,
320 			  int tpgs)
321 {
322 	int rel_port = -1, group_id;
323 	struct alua_port_group *pg, *old_pg = NULL;
324 	bool pg_updated = false;
325 	unsigned long flags;
326 
327 	group_id = scsi_vpd_tpg_id(sdev, &rel_port);
328 	if (group_id < 0) {
329 		/*
330 		 * Internal error; TPGS supported but required
331 		 * VPD identification descriptors not present.
332 		 * Disable ALUA support
333 		 */
334 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
335 			    "%s: No target port descriptors found\n",
336 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
337 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
338 	}
339 
340 	pg = alua_alloc_pg(sdev, group_id, tpgs);
341 	if (IS_ERR(pg)) {
342 		if (PTR_ERR(pg) == -ENOMEM)
343 			return SCSI_DH_NOMEM;
344 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
345 	}
346 	if (pg->device_id_len)
347 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
348 			    "%s: device %s port group %x rel port %x\n",
349 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->device_id_str,
350 			    group_id, rel_port);
351 	else
352 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
353 			    "%s: port group %x rel port %x\n",
354 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, group_id, rel_port);
355 
356 	/* Check for existing port group references */
357 	spin_lock(&h->pg_lock);
358 	old_pg = rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg, lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock));
359 	if (old_pg != pg) {
360 		/* port group has changed. Update to new port group */
361 		if (h->pg) {
362 			spin_lock_irqsave(&old_pg->lock, flags);
363 			list_del_rcu(&h->node);
364 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&old_pg->lock, flags);
365 		}
366 		rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, pg);
367 		pg_updated = true;
368 	}
369 
370 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
371 	if (pg_updated)
372 		list_add_rcu(&h->node, &pg->dh_list);
373 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
374 
375 	alua_rtpg_queue(rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg,
376 						  lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock)),
377 			sdev, NULL, true);
378 	spin_unlock(&h->pg_lock);
379 
380 	if (old_pg)
381 		kref_put(&old_pg->kref, release_port_group);
382 
383 	return SCSI_DH_OK;
384 }
385 
386 static char print_alua_state(unsigned char state)
387 {
388 	switch (state) {
389 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
390 		return 'A';
391 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
392 		return 'N';
393 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY:
394 		return 'S';
395 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
396 		return 'U';
397 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_LBA:
398 		return 'L';
399 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
400 		return 'O';
401 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
402 		return 'T';
403 	default:
404 		return 'X';
405 	}
406 }
407 
408 static int alua_check_sense(struct scsi_device *sdev,
409 			    struct scsi_sense_hdr *sense_hdr)
410 {
411 	switch (sense_hdr->sense_key) {
412 	case NOT_READY:
413 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0a) {
414 			/*
415 			 * LUN Not Accessible - ALUA state transition
416 			 */
417 			alua_check(sdev, false);
418 			return NEEDS_RETRY;
419 		}
420 		break;
421 	case UNIT_ATTENTION:
422 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x00) {
423 			/*
424 			 * Power On, Reset, or Bus Device Reset.
425 			 * Might have obscured a state transition,
426 			 * so schedule a recheck.
427 			 */
428 			alua_check(sdev, true);
429 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
430 		}
431 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x04)
432 			/*
433 			 * Device internal reset
434 			 */
435 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
436 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x01)
437 			/*
438 			 * Mode Parameters Changed
439 			 */
440 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
441 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x06) {
442 			/*
443 			 * ALUA state changed
444 			 */
445 			alua_check(sdev, true);
446 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
447 		}
448 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x07) {
449 			/*
450 			 * Implicit ALUA state transition failed
451 			 */
452 			alua_check(sdev, true);
453 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
454 		}
455 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x03)
456 			/*
457 			 * Inquiry data has changed
458 			 */
459 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
460 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0e)
461 			/*
462 			 * REPORTED_LUNS_DATA_HAS_CHANGED is reported
463 			 * when switching controllers on targets like
464 			 * Intel Multi-Flex. We can just retry.
465 			 */
466 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
467 		break;
468 	}
469 
470 	return SCSI_RETURN_NOT_HANDLED;
471 }
472 
473 /*
474  * alua_tur - Send a TEST UNIT READY
475  * @sdev: device to which the TEST UNIT READY command should be send
476  *
477  * Send a TEST UNIT READY to @sdev to figure out the device state
478  * Returns SCSI_DH_RETRY if the sense code is NOT READY/ALUA TRANSITIONING,
479  * SCSI_DH_OK if no error occurred, and SCSI_DH_IO otherwise.
480  */
481 static int alua_tur(struct scsi_device *sdev)
482 {
483 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
484 	int retval;
485 
486 	retval = scsi_test_unit_ready(sdev, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
487 				      ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, &sense_hdr);
488 	if (sense_hdr.sense_key == NOT_READY &&
489 	    sense_hdr.asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0x0a)
490 		return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
491 	else if (retval)
492 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
493 	else
494 		return SCSI_DH_OK;
495 }
496 
497 /*
498  * alua_rtpg - Evaluate REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES
499  * @sdev: the device to be evaluated.
500  *
501  * Evaluate the Target Port Group State.
502  * Returns SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED if the path is
503  * found to be unusable.
504  */
505 static int alua_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_port_group *pg)
506 {
507 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
508 	struct alua_port_group *tmp_pg;
509 	int len, k, off, bufflen = ALUA_RTPG_SIZE;
510 	unsigned char *desc, *buff;
511 	unsigned err, retval;
512 	unsigned int tpg_desc_tbl_off;
513 	unsigned char orig_transition_tmo;
514 	unsigned long flags;
515 	bool transitioning_sense = false;
516 
517 	if (!pg->expiry) {
518 		unsigned long transition_tmo = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ;
519 
520 		if (pg->transition_tmo)
521 			transition_tmo = pg->transition_tmo * HZ;
522 
523 		pg->expiry = round_jiffies_up(jiffies + transition_tmo);
524 	}
525 
526 	buff = kzalloc(bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
527 	if (!buff)
528 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
529 
530  retry:
531 	err = 0;
532 	retval = submit_rtpg(sdev, buff, bufflen, &sense_hdr, pg->flags);
533 
534 	if (retval) {
535 		/*
536 		 * Some (broken) implementations have a habit of returning
537 		 * an error during things like firmware update etc.
538 		 * But if the target only supports active/optimized there's
539 		 * not much we can do; it's not that we can switch paths
540 		 * or anything.
541 		 * So ignore any errors to avoid spurious failures during
542 		 * path failover.
543 		 */
544 		if ((pg->valid_states & ~TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED) == 0) {
545 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
546 				    "%s: ignoring rtpg result %d\n",
547 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
548 			kfree(buff);
549 			return SCSI_DH_OK;
550 		}
551 		if (!scsi_sense_valid(&sense_hdr)) {
552 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
553 				    "%s: rtpg failed, result %d\n",
554 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
555 			kfree(buff);
556 			if (driver_byte(retval) == DRIVER_ERROR)
557 				return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
558 			return SCSI_DH_IO;
559 		}
560 
561 		/*
562 		 * submit_rtpg() has failed on existing arrays
563 		 * when requesting extended header info, and
564 		 * the array doesn't support extended headers,
565 		 * even though it shouldn't according to T10.
566 		 * The retry without rtpg_ext_hdr_req set
567 		 * handles this.
568 		 */
569 		if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP) &&
570 		    sense_hdr.sense_key == ILLEGAL_REQUEST &&
571 		    sense_hdr.asc == 0x24 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0) {
572 			pg->flags |= ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP;
573 			goto retry;
574 		}
575 		/*
576 		 * If the array returns with 'ALUA state transition'
577 		 * sense code here it cannot return RTPG data during
578 		 * transition. So set the state to 'transitioning' directly.
579 		 */
580 		if (sense_hdr.sense_key == NOT_READY &&
581 		    sense_hdr.asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0x0a) {
582 			transitioning_sense = true;
583 			goto skip_rtpg;
584 		}
585 		/*
586 		 * Retry on any other UNIT ATTENTION occurred.
587 		 */
588 		if (sense_hdr.sense_key == UNIT_ATTENTION)
589 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
590 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY &&
591 		    pg->expiry != 0 && time_before(jiffies, pg->expiry)) {
592 			sdev_printk(KERN_ERR, sdev, "%s: rtpg retry\n",
593 				    ALUA_DH_NAME);
594 			scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
595 			kfree(buff);
596 			return err;
597 		}
598 		sdev_printk(KERN_ERR, sdev, "%s: rtpg failed\n",
599 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
600 		scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
601 		kfree(buff);
602 		pg->expiry = 0;
603 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
604 	}
605 
606 	len = get_unaligned_be32(&buff[0]) + 4;
607 
608 	if (len > bufflen) {
609 		/* Resubmit with the correct length */
610 		kfree(buff);
611 		bufflen = len;
612 		buff = kmalloc(bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
613 		if (!buff) {
614 			sdev_printk(KERN_WARNING, sdev,
615 				    "%s: kmalloc buffer failed\n",__func__);
616 			/* Temporary failure, bypass */
617 			pg->expiry = 0;
618 			return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
619 		}
620 		goto retry;
621 	}
622 
623 	orig_transition_tmo = pg->transition_tmo;
624 	if ((buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR && buff[5] != 0)
625 		pg->transition_tmo = buff[5];
626 	else
627 		pg->transition_tmo = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT;
628 
629 	if (orig_transition_tmo != pg->transition_tmo) {
630 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
631 			    "%s: transition timeout set to %d seconds\n",
632 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->transition_tmo);
633 		pg->expiry = jiffies + pg->transition_tmo * HZ;
634 	}
635 
636 	if ((buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR)
637 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 8;
638 	else
639 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 4;
640 
641 	for (k = tpg_desc_tbl_off, desc = buff + tpg_desc_tbl_off;
642 	     k < len;
643 	     k += off, desc += off) {
644 		u16 group_id = get_unaligned_be16(&desc[2]);
645 
646 		spin_lock_irqsave(&port_group_lock, flags);
647 		tmp_pg = alua_find_get_pg(pg->device_id_str, pg->device_id_len,
648 					  group_id);
649 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port_group_lock, flags);
650 		if (tmp_pg) {
651 			if (spin_trylock_irqsave(&tmp_pg->lock, flags)) {
652 				if ((tmp_pg == pg) ||
653 				    !(tmp_pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUNNING)) {
654 					struct alua_dh_data *h;
655 
656 					tmp_pg->state = desc[0] & 0x0f;
657 					tmp_pg->pref = desc[0] >> 7;
658 					rcu_read_lock();
659 					list_for_each_entry_rcu(h,
660 						&tmp_pg->dh_list, node) {
661 						if (!h->sdev)
662 							continue;
663 						h->sdev->access_state = desc[0];
664 					}
665 					rcu_read_unlock();
666 				}
667 				if (tmp_pg == pg)
668 					tmp_pg->valid_states = desc[1];
669 				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tmp_pg->lock, flags);
670 			}
671 			kref_put(&tmp_pg->kref, release_port_group);
672 		}
673 		off = 8 + (desc[7] * 4);
674 	}
675 
676  skip_rtpg:
677 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
678 	if (transitioning_sense)
679 		pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING;
680 
681 	sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
682 		    "%s: port group %02x state %c %s supports %c%c%c%c%c%c%c\n",
683 		    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->group_id, print_alua_state(pg->state),
684 		    pg->pref ? "preferred" : "non-preferred",
685 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION?'T':'t',
686 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE?'O':'o',
687 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT?'L':'l',
688 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE?'U':'u',
689 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY?'S':'s',
690 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED?'N':'n',
691 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED?'A':'a');
692 
693 	switch (pg->state) {
694 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
695 		if (time_before(jiffies, pg->expiry)) {
696 			/* State transition, retry */
697 			pg->interval = ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY;
698 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
699 		} else {
700 			struct alua_dh_data *h;
701 
702 			/* Transitioning time exceeded, set port to standby */
703 			err = SCSI_DH_IO;
704 			pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY;
705 			pg->expiry = 0;
706 			rcu_read_lock();
707 			list_for_each_entry_rcu(h, &pg->dh_list, node) {
708 				if (!h->sdev)
709 					continue;
710 				h->sdev->access_state =
711 					(pg->state & SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_MASK);
712 				if (pg->pref)
713 					h->sdev->access_state |=
714 						SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_PREFERRED;
715 			}
716 			rcu_read_unlock();
717 		}
718 		break;
719 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
720 		/* Path unusable */
721 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED;
722 		pg->expiry = 0;
723 		break;
724 	default:
725 		/* Useable path if active */
726 		err = SCSI_DH_OK;
727 		pg->expiry = 0;
728 		break;
729 	}
730 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
731 	kfree(buff);
732 	return err;
733 }
734 
735 /*
736  * alua_stpg - Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command
737  *
738  * Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command and evaluate the
739  * response. Returns SCSI_DH_RETRY per default to trigger
740  * a re-evaluation of the target group state or SCSI_DH_OK
741  * if no further action needs to be taken.
742  */
743 static unsigned alua_stpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_port_group *pg)
744 {
745 	int retval;
746 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
747 
748 	if (!(pg->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT)) {
749 		/* Only implicit ALUA supported, retry */
750 		return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
751 	}
752 	switch (pg->state) {
753 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
754 		return SCSI_DH_OK;
755 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
756 		if ((pg->flags & ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG) &&
757 		    !pg->pref &&
758 		    (pg->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT))
759 			return SCSI_DH_OK;
760 		break;
761 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY:
762 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
763 		break;
764 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
765 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
766 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
767 		break;
768 	default:
769 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
770 			    "%s: stpg failed, unhandled TPGS state %d",
771 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->state);
772 		return SCSI_DH_NOSYS;
773 	}
774 	retval = submit_stpg(sdev, pg->group_id, &sense_hdr);
775 
776 	if (retval) {
777 		if (!scsi_sense_valid(&sense_hdr)) {
778 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
779 				    "%s: stpg failed, result %d",
780 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
781 			if (driver_byte(retval) == DRIVER_ERROR)
782 				return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
783 		} else {
784 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: stpg failed\n",
785 				    ALUA_DH_NAME);
786 			scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
787 		}
788 	}
789 	/* Retry RTPG */
790 	return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
791 }
792 
793 static void alua_rtpg_work(struct work_struct *work)
794 {
795 	struct alua_port_group *pg =
796 		container_of(work, struct alua_port_group, rtpg_work.work);
797 	struct scsi_device *sdev;
798 	LIST_HEAD(qdata_list);
799 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
800 	struct alua_queue_data *qdata, *tmp;
801 	unsigned long flags;
802 
803 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
804 	sdev = pg->rtpg_sdev;
805 	if (!sdev) {
806 		WARN_ON(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG);
807 		WARN_ON(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG);
808 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
809 		kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
810 		return;
811 	}
812 	pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
813 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
814 		int state = pg->state;
815 
816 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
817 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
818 		if (state == SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING) {
819 			if (alua_tur(sdev) == SCSI_DH_RETRY) {
820 				spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
821 				pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
822 				pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
823 				if (!pg->interval)
824 					pg->interval = ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY;
825 				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
826 				queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
827 						   pg->interval * HZ);
828 				return;
829 			}
830 			/* Send RTPG on failure or if TUR indicates SUCCESS */
831 		}
832 		err = alua_rtpg(sdev, pg);
833 		spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
834 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY || pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
835 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
836 			if (!pg->interval && !(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG))
837 				pg->interval = ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY;
838 			pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
839 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
840 			queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
841 					   pg->interval * HZ);
842 			return;
843 		}
844 		if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
845 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
846 	}
847 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG) {
848 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
849 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
850 		err = alua_stpg(sdev, pg);
851 		spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
852 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY || pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
853 			pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
854 			pg->interval = 0;
855 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
856 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
857 			queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
858 					   pg->interval * HZ);
859 			return;
860 		}
861 	}
862 
863 	list_splice_init(&pg->rtpg_list, &qdata_list);
864 	pg->rtpg_sdev = NULL;
865 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
866 
867 	list_for_each_entry_safe(qdata, tmp, &qdata_list, entry) {
868 		list_del(&qdata->entry);
869 		if (qdata->callback_fn)
870 			qdata->callback_fn(qdata->callback_data, err);
871 		kfree(qdata);
872 	}
873 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
874 	pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
875 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
876 	scsi_device_put(sdev);
877 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
878 }
879 
880 /**
881  * alua_rtpg_queue() - cause RTPG to be submitted asynchronously
882  * @pg: ALUA port group associated with @sdev.
883  * @sdev: SCSI device for which to submit an RTPG.
884  * @qdata: Information about the callback to invoke after the RTPG.
885  * @force: Whether or not to submit an RTPG if a work item that will submit an
886  *         RTPG already has been scheduled.
887  *
888  * Returns true if and only if alua_rtpg_work() will be called asynchronously.
889  * That function is responsible for calling @qdata->fn().
890  */
891 static bool alua_rtpg_queue(struct alua_port_group *pg,
892 			    struct scsi_device *sdev,
893 			    struct alua_queue_data *qdata, bool force)
894 {
895 	int start_queue = 0;
896 	unsigned long flags;
897 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!pg) || scsi_device_get(sdev))
898 		return false;
899 
900 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
901 	if (qdata) {
902 		list_add_tail(&qdata->entry, &pg->rtpg_list);
903 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
904 		force = true;
905 	}
906 	if (pg->rtpg_sdev == NULL) {
907 		pg->interval = 0;
908 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
909 		kref_get(&pg->kref);
910 		pg->rtpg_sdev = sdev;
911 		start_queue = 1;
912 	} else if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) && force) {
913 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
914 		/* Do not queue if the worker is already running */
915 		if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUNNING)) {
916 			kref_get(&pg->kref);
917 			start_queue = 1;
918 		}
919 	}
920 
921 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
922 
923 	if (start_queue) {
924 		if (queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
925 				msecs_to_jiffies(ALUA_RTPG_DELAY_MSECS)))
926 			sdev = NULL;
927 		else
928 			kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
929 	}
930 	if (sdev)
931 		scsi_device_put(sdev);
932 
933 	return true;
934 }
935 
936 /*
937  * alua_initialize - Initialize ALUA state
938  * @sdev: the device to be initialized
939  *
940  * For the prep_fn to work correctly we have
941  * to initialize the ALUA state for the device.
942  */
943 static int alua_initialize(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h)
944 {
945 	int err = SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP, tpgs;
946 
947 	mutex_lock(&h->init_mutex);
948 	tpgs = alua_check_tpgs(sdev);
949 	if (tpgs != TPGS_MODE_NONE)
950 		err = alua_check_vpd(sdev, h, tpgs);
951 	h->init_error = err;
952 	mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
953 	return err;
954 }
955 /*
956  * alua_set_params - set/unset the optimize flag
957  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
958  * params - parameters in the following format
959  *      "no_of_params\0param1\0param2\0param3\0...\0"
960  * For example, to set the flag pass the following parameters
961  * from multipath.conf
962  *     hardware_handler        "2 alua 1"
963  */
964 static int alua_set_params(struct scsi_device *sdev, const char *params)
965 {
966 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
967 	struct alua_port_group *pg = NULL;
968 	unsigned int optimize = 0, argc;
969 	const char *p = params;
970 	int result = SCSI_DH_OK;
971 	unsigned long flags;
972 
973 	if ((sscanf(params, "%u", &argc) != 1) || (argc != 1))
974 		return -EINVAL;
975 
976 	while (*p++)
977 		;
978 	if ((sscanf(p, "%u", &optimize) != 1) || (optimize > 1))
979 		return -EINVAL;
980 
981 	rcu_read_lock();
982 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
983 	if (!pg) {
984 		rcu_read_unlock();
985 		return -ENXIO;
986 	}
987 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
988 	if (optimize)
989 		pg->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
990 	else
991 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
992 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
993 	rcu_read_unlock();
994 
995 	return result;
996 }
997 
998 /*
999  * alua_activate - activate a path
1000  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
1001  *
1002  * We're currently switching the port group to be activated only and
1003  * let the array figure out the rest.
1004  * There may be other arrays which require us to switch all port groups
1005  * based on a certain policy. But until we actually encounter them it
1006  * should be okay.
1007  */
1008 static int alua_activate(struct scsi_device *sdev,
1009 			activate_complete fn, void *data)
1010 {
1011 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1012 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
1013 	struct alua_queue_data *qdata;
1014 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1015 
1016 	qdata = kzalloc(sizeof(*qdata), GFP_KERNEL);
1017 	if (!qdata) {
1018 		err = SCSI_DH_RES_TEMP_UNAVAIL;
1019 		goto out;
1020 	}
1021 	qdata->callback_fn = fn;
1022 	qdata->callback_data = data;
1023 
1024 	mutex_lock(&h->init_mutex);
1025 	rcu_read_lock();
1026 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1027 	if (!pg || !kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref)) {
1028 		rcu_read_unlock();
1029 		kfree(qdata);
1030 		err = h->init_error;
1031 		mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
1032 		goto out;
1033 	}
1034 	rcu_read_unlock();
1035 	mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
1036 
1037 	if (alua_rtpg_queue(pg, sdev, qdata, true))
1038 		fn = NULL;
1039 	else
1040 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED;
1041 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1042 out:
1043 	if (fn)
1044 		fn(data, err);
1045 	return 0;
1046 }
1047 
1048 /*
1049  * alua_check - check path status
1050  * @sdev: device on the path to be checked
1051  *
1052  * Check the device status
1053  */
1054 static void alua_check(struct scsi_device *sdev, bool force)
1055 {
1056 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1057 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1058 
1059 	rcu_read_lock();
1060 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1061 	if (!pg || !kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref)) {
1062 		rcu_read_unlock();
1063 		return;
1064 	}
1065 	rcu_read_unlock();
1066 
1067 	alua_rtpg_queue(pg, sdev, NULL, force);
1068 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1069 }
1070 
1071 /*
1072  * alua_prep_fn - request callback
1073  *
1074  * Fail I/O to all paths not in state
1075  * active/optimized or active/non-optimized.
1076  */
1077 static blk_status_t alua_prep_fn(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct request *req)
1078 {
1079 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1080 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1081 	unsigned char state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
1082 
1083 	rcu_read_lock();
1084 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1085 	if (pg)
1086 		state = pg->state;
1087 	rcu_read_unlock();
1088 
1089 	switch (state) {
1090 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
1091 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
1092 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_LBA:
1093 		return BLK_STS_OK;
1094 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
1095 		return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
1096 	default:
1097 		req->rq_flags |= RQF_QUIET;
1098 		return BLK_STS_IOERR;
1099 	}
1100 }
1101 
1102 static void alua_rescan(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1103 {
1104 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1105 
1106 	alua_initialize(sdev, h);
1107 }
1108 
1109 /*
1110  * alua_bus_attach - Attach device handler
1111  * @sdev: device to be attached to
1112  */
1113 static int alua_bus_attach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1114 {
1115 	struct alua_dh_data *h;
1116 	int err;
1117 
1118 	h = kzalloc(sizeof(*h) , GFP_KERNEL);
1119 	if (!h)
1120 		return SCSI_DH_NOMEM;
1121 	spin_lock_init(&h->pg_lock);
1122 	rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, NULL);
1123 	h->init_error = SCSI_DH_OK;
1124 	h->sdev = sdev;
1125 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&h->node);
1126 
1127 	mutex_init(&h->init_mutex);
1128 	err = alua_initialize(sdev, h);
1129 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK && err != SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED)
1130 		goto failed;
1131 
1132 	sdev->handler_data = h;
1133 	return SCSI_DH_OK;
1134 failed:
1135 	kfree(h);
1136 	return err;
1137 }
1138 
1139 /*
1140  * alua_bus_detach - Detach device handler
1141  * @sdev: device to be detached from
1142  */
1143 static void alua_bus_detach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1144 {
1145 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1146 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1147 
1148 	spin_lock(&h->pg_lock);
1149 	pg = rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg, lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock));
1150 	rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, NULL);
1151 	spin_unlock(&h->pg_lock);
1152 	if (pg) {
1153 		spin_lock_irq(&pg->lock);
1154 		list_del_rcu(&h->node);
1155 		spin_unlock_irq(&pg->lock);
1156 		kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1157 	}
1158 	sdev->handler_data = NULL;
1159 	synchronize_rcu();
1160 	kfree(h);
1161 }
1162 
1163 static struct scsi_device_handler alua_dh = {
1164 	.name = ALUA_DH_NAME,
1165 	.module = THIS_MODULE,
1166 	.attach = alua_bus_attach,
1167 	.detach = alua_bus_detach,
1168 	.prep_fn = alua_prep_fn,
1169 	.check_sense = alua_check_sense,
1170 	.activate = alua_activate,
1171 	.rescan = alua_rescan,
1172 	.set_params = alua_set_params,
1173 };
1174 
1175 static int __init alua_init(void)
1176 {
1177 	int r;
1178 
1179 	kaluad_wq = alloc_workqueue("kaluad", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0);
1180 	if (!kaluad_wq)
1181 		return -ENOMEM;
1182 
1183 	r = scsi_register_device_handler(&alua_dh);
1184 	if (r != 0) {
1185 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Failed to register scsi device handler",
1186 			ALUA_DH_NAME);
1187 		destroy_workqueue(kaluad_wq);
1188 	}
1189 	return r;
1190 }
1191 
1192 static void __exit alua_exit(void)
1193 {
1194 	scsi_unregister_device_handler(&alua_dh);
1195 	destroy_workqueue(kaluad_wq);
1196 }
1197 
1198 module_init(alua_init);
1199 module_exit(alua_exit);
1200 
1201 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DM Multipath ALUA support");
1202 MODULE_AUTHOR("Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>");
1203 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1204 MODULE_VERSION(ALUA_DH_VER);
1205