1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Generic SCSI-3 ALUA SCSI Device Handler
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Hannes Reinecke, SUSE Linux Products GmbH.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  */
8 #include <linux/slab.h>
9 #include <linux/delay.h>
10 #include <linux/module.h>
11 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
12 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
13 #include <scsi/scsi_proto.h>
14 #include <scsi/scsi_dbg.h>
15 #include <scsi/scsi_eh.h>
16 #include <scsi/scsi_dh.h>
17 
18 #define ALUA_DH_NAME "alua"
19 #define ALUA_DH_VER "2.0"
20 
21 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONE		0x00
22 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED		0x01
23 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED	0x02
24 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY		0x04
25 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE	0x08
26 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT	0x10
27 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE		0x40
28 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION		0x80
29 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_ALL		0xdf
30 
31 #define RTPG_FMT_MASK			0x70
32 #define RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR		0x10
33 
34 #define TPGS_MODE_UNINITIALIZED		 -1
35 #define TPGS_MODE_NONE			0x0
36 #define TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT		0x1
37 #define TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT		0x2
38 
39 #define ALUA_RTPG_SIZE			128
40 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT		60
41 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES		5
42 #define ALUA_RTPG_DELAY_MSECS		5
43 #define ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY		2
44 
45 /* device handler flags */
46 #define ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG		0x01
47 #define ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP	0x02
48 /* State machine flags */
49 #define ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG		0x10
50 #define ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG		0x20
51 #define ALUA_PG_RUNNING			0x40
52 
53 static uint optimize_stpg;
54 module_param(optimize_stpg, uint, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR);
55 MODULE_PARM_DESC(optimize_stpg, "Allow use of a non-optimized path, rather than sending a STPG, when implicit TPGS is supported (0=No,1=Yes). Default is 0.");
56 
57 static LIST_HEAD(port_group_list);
58 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(port_group_lock);
59 static struct workqueue_struct *kaluad_wq;
60 
61 struct alua_port_group {
62 	struct kref		kref;
63 	struct rcu_head		rcu;
64 	struct list_head	node;
65 	struct list_head	dh_list;
66 	unsigned char		device_id_str[256];
67 	int			device_id_len;
68 	int			group_id;
69 	int			tpgs;
70 	int			state;
71 	int			pref;
72 	int			valid_states;
73 	unsigned		flags; /* used for optimizing STPG */
74 	unsigned char		transition_tmo;
75 	unsigned long		expiry;
76 	unsigned long		interval;
77 	struct delayed_work	rtpg_work;
78 	spinlock_t		lock;
79 	struct list_head	rtpg_list;
80 	struct scsi_device	*rtpg_sdev;
81 };
82 
83 struct alua_dh_data {
84 	struct list_head	node;
85 	struct alua_port_group __rcu *pg;
86 	int			group_id;
87 	spinlock_t		pg_lock;
88 	struct scsi_device	*sdev;
89 	int			init_error;
90 	struct mutex		init_mutex;
91 };
92 
93 struct alua_queue_data {
94 	struct list_head	entry;
95 	activate_complete	callback_fn;
96 	void			*callback_data;
97 };
98 
99 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_CURRENT	0
100 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_ALL		1
101 
102 static void alua_rtpg_work(struct work_struct *work);
103 static bool alua_rtpg_queue(struct alua_port_group *pg,
104 			    struct scsi_device *sdev,
105 			    struct alua_queue_data *qdata, bool force);
106 static void alua_check(struct scsi_device *sdev, bool force);
107 
108 static void release_port_group(struct kref *kref)
109 {
110 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
111 
112 	pg = container_of(kref, struct alua_port_group, kref);
113 	if (pg->rtpg_sdev)
114 		flush_delayed_work(&pg->rtpg_work);
115 	spin_lock(&port_group_lock);
116 	list_del(&pg->node);
117 	spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
118 	kfree_rcu(pg, rcu);
119 }
120 
121 /*
122  * submit_rtpg - Issue a REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES command
123  * @sdev: sdev the command should be sent to
124  */
125 static int submit_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, unsigned char *buff,
126 		       int bufflen, struct scsi_sense_hdr *sshdr, int flags)
127 {
128 	u8 cdb[MAX_COMMAND_SIZE];
129 	int req_flags = REQ_FAILFAST_DEV | REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT |
130 		REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
131 
132 	/* Prepare the command. */
133 	memset(cdb, 0x0, MAX_COMMAND_SIZE);
134 	cdb[0] = MAINTENANCE_IN;
135 	if (!(flags & ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP))
136 		cdb[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS | MI_EXT_HDR_PARAM_FMT;
137 	else
138 		cdb[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS;
139 	put_unaligned_be32(bufflen, &cdb[6]);
140 
141 	return scsi_execute(sdev, cdb, DMA_FROM_DEVICE, buff, bufflen, NULL,
142 			sshdr, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
143 			ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, req_flags, 0, NULL);
144 }
145 
146 /*
147  * submit_stpg - Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command
148  *
149  * Currently we're only setting the current target port group state
150  * to 'active/optimized' and let the array firmware figure out
151  * the states of the remaining groups.
152  */
153 static int submit_stpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, int group_id,
154 		       struct scsi_sense_hdr *sshdr)
155 {
156 	u8 cdb[MAX_COMMAND_SIZE];
157 	unsigned char stpg_data[8];
158 	int stpg_len = 8;
159 	int req_flags = REQ_FAILFAST_DEV | REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT |
160 		REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
161 
162 	/* Prepare the data buffer */
163 	memset(stpg_data, 0, stpg_len);
164 	stpg_data[4] = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
165 	put_unaligned_be16(group_id, &stpg_data[6]);
166 
167 	/* Prepare the command. */
168 	memset(cdb, 0x0, MAX_COMMAND_SIZE);
169 	cdb[0] = MAINTENANCE_OUT;
170 	cdb[1] = MO_SET_TARGET_PGS;
171 	put_unaligned_be32(stpg_len, &cdb[6]);
172 
173 	return scsi_execute(sdev, cdb, DMA_TO_DEVICE, stpg_data, stpg_len, NULL,
174 			sshdr, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
175 			ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, req_flags, 0, NULL);
176 }
177 
178 static struct alua_port_group *alua_find_get_pg(char *id_str, size_t id_size,
179 						int group_id)
180 {
181 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
182 
183 	if (!id_str || !id_size || !strlen(id_str))
184 		return NULL;
185 
186 	list_for_each_entry(pg, &port_group_list, node) {
187 		if (pg->group_id != group_id)
188 			continue;
189 		if (!pg->device_id_len || pg->device_id_len != id_size)
190 			continue;
191 		if (strncmp(pg->device_id_str, id_str, id_size))
192 			continue;
193 		if (!kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref))
194 			continue;
195 		return pg;
196 	}
197 
198 	return NULL;
199 }
200 
201 /*
202  * alua_alloc_pg - Allocate a new port_group structure
203  * @sdev: scsi device
204  * @group_id: port group id
205  * @tpgs: target port group settings
206  *
207  * Allocate a new port_group structure for a given
208  * device.
209  */
210 static struct alua_port_group *alua_alloc_pg(struct scsi_device *sdev,
211 					     int group_id, int tpgs)
212 {
213 	struct alua_port_group *pg, *tmp_pg;
214 
215 	pg = kzalloc(sizeof(struct alua_port_group), GFP_KERNEL);
216 	if (!pg)
217 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
218 
219 	pg->device_id_len = scsi_vpd_lun_id(sdev, pg->device_id_str,
220 					    sizeof(pg->device_id_str));
221 	if (pg->device_id_len <= 0) {
222 		/*
223 		 * TPGS supported but no device identification found.
224 		 * Generate private device identification.
225 		 */
226 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
227 			    "%s: No device descriptors found\n",
228 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
229 		pg->device_id_str[0] = '\0';
230 		pg->device_id_len = 0;
231 	}
232 	pg->group_id = group_id;
233 	pg->tpgs = tpgs;
234 	pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
235 	pg->valid_states = TPGS_SUPPORT_ALL;
236 	if (optimize_stpg)
237 		pg->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
238 	kref_init(&pg->kref);
239 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&pg->rtpg_work, alua_rtpg_work);
240 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->rtpg_list);
241 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->node);
242 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->dh_list);
243 	spin_lock_init(&pg->lock);
244 
245 	spin_lock(&port_group_lock);
246 	tmp_pg = alua_find_get_pg(pg->device_id_str, pg->device_id_len,
247 				  group_id);
248 	if (tmp_pg) {
249 		spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
250 		kfree(pg);
251 		return tmp_pg;
252 	}
253 
254 	list_add(&pg->node, &port_group_list);
255 	spin_unlock(&port_group_lock);
256 
257 	return pg;
258 }
259 
260 /*
261  * alua_check_tpgs - Evaluate TPGS setting
262  * @sdev: device to be checked
263  *
264  * Examine the TPGS setting of the sdev to find out if ALUA
265  * is supported.
266  */
267 static int alua_check_tpgs(struct scsi_device *sdev)
268 {
269 	int tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
270 
271 	/*
272 	 * ALUA support for non-disk devices is fraught with
273 	 * difficulties, so disable it for now.
274 	 */
275 	if (sdev->type != TYPE_DISK) {
276 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
277 			    "%s: disable for non-disk devices\n",
278 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
279 		return tpgs;
280 	}
281 
282 	tpgs = scsi_device_tpgs(sdev);
283 	switch (tpgs) {
284 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT|TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
285 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
286 			    "%s: supports implicit and explicit TPGS\n",
287 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
288 		break;
289 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT:
290 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports explicit TPGS\n",
291 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
292 		break;
293 	case TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
294 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports implicit TPGS\n",
295 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
296 		break;
297 	case TPGS_MODE_NONE:
298 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: not supported\n",
299 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
300 		break;
301 	default:
302 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
303 			    "%s: unsupported TPGS setting %d\n",
304 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, tpgs);
305 		tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
306 		break;
307 	}
308 
309 	return tpgs;
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  * alua_check_vpd - Evaluate INQUIRY vpd page 0x83
314  * @sdev: device to be checked
315  *
316  * Extract the relative target port and the target port group
317  * descriptor from the list of identificators.
318  */
319 static int alua_check_vpd(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h,
320 			  int tpgs)
321 {
322 	int rel_port = -1, group_id;
323 	struct alua_port_group *pg, *old_pg = NULL;
324 	bool pg_updated = false;
325 	unsigned long flags;
326 
327 	group_id = scsi_vpd_tpg_id(sdev, &rel_port);
328 	if (group_id < 0) {
329 		/*
330 		 * Internal error; TPGS supported but required
331 		 * VPD identification descriptors not present.
332 		 * Disable ALUA support
333 		 */
334 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
335 			    "%s: No target port descriptors found\n",
336 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
337 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
338 	}
339 
340 	pg = alua_alloc_pg(sdev, group_id, tpgs);
341 	if (IS_ERR(pg)) {
342 		if (PTR_ERR(pg) == -ENOMEM)
343 			return SCSI_DH_NOMEM;
344 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
345 	}
346 	if (pg->device_id_len)
347 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
348 			    "%s: device %s port group %x rel port %x\n",
349 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->device_id_str,
350 			    group_id, rel_port);
351 	else
352 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
353 			    "%s: port group %x rel port %x\n",
354 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, group_id, rel_port);
355 
356 	/* Check for existing port group references */
357 	spin_lock(&h->pg_lock);
358 	old_pg = rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg, lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock));
359 	if (old_pg != pg) {
360 		/* port group has changed. Update to new port group */
361 		if (h->pg) {
362 			spin_lock_irqsave(&old_pg->lock, flags);
363 			list_del_rcu(&h->node);
364 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&old_pg->lock, flags);
365 		}
366 		rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, pg);
367 		pg_updated = true;
368 	}
369 
370 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
371 	if (pg_updated)
372 		list_add_rcu(&h->node, &pg->dh_list);
373 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
374 
375 	alua_rtpg_queue(rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg,
376 						  lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock)),
377 			sdev, NULL, true);
378 	spin_unlock(&h->pg_lock);
379 
380 	if (old_pg)
381 		kref_put(&old_pg->kref, release_port_group);
382 
383 	return SCSI_DH_OK;
384 }
385 
386 static char print_alua_state(unsigned char state)
387 {
388 	switch (state) {
389 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
390 		return 'A';
391 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
392 		return 'N';
393 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY:
394 		return 'S';
395 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
396 		return 'U';
397 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_LBA:
398 		return 'L';
399 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
400 		return 'O';
401 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
402 		return 'T';
403 	default:
404 		return 'X';
405 	}
406 }
407 
408 static int alua_check_sense(struct scsi_device *sdev,
409 			    struct scsi_sense_hdr *sense_hdr)
410 {
411 	switch (sense_hdr->sense_key) {
412 	case NOT_READY:
413 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0a) {
414 			/*
415 			 * LUN Not Accessible - ALUA state transition
416 			 */
417 			alua_check(sdev, false);
418 			return NEEDS_RETRY;
419 		}
420 		break;
421 	case UNIT_ATTENTION:
422 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x00) {
423 			/*
424 			 * Power On, Reset, or Bus Device Reset.
425 			 * Might have obscured a state transition,
426 			 * so schedule a recheck.
427 			 */
428 			alua_check(sdev, true);
429 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
430 		}
431 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x04)
432 			/*
433 			 * Device internal reset
434 			 */
435 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
436 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x01)
437 			/*
438 			 * Mode Parameters Changed
439 			 */
440 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
441 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x06) {
442 			/*
443 			 * ALUA state changed
444 			 */
445 			alua_check(sdev, true);
446 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
447 		}
448 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x07) {
449 			/*
450 			 * Implicit ALUA state transition failed
451 			 */
452 			alua_check(sdev, true);
453 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
454 		}
455 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x03)
456 			/*
457 			 * Inquiry data has changed
458 			 */
459 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
460 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0e)
461 			/*
462 			 * REPORTED_LUNS_DATA_HAS_CHANGED is reported
463 			 * when switching controllers on targets like
464 			 * Intel Multi-Flex. We can just retry.
465 			 */
466 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
467 		break;
468 	}
469 
470 	return SCSI_RETURN_NOT_HANDLED;
471 }
472 
473 /*
474  * alua_tur - Send a TEST UNIT READY
475  * @sdev: device to which the TEST UNIT READY command should be send
476  *
477  * Send a TEST UNIT READY to @sdev to figure out the device state
478  * Returns SCSI_DH_RETRY if the sense code is NOT READY/ALUA TRANSITIONING,
479  * SCSI_DH_OK if no error occurred, and SCSI_DH_IO otherwise.
480  */
481 static int alua_tur(struct scsi_device *sdev)
482 {
483 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
484 	int retval;
485 
486 	retval = scsi_test_unit_ready(sdev, ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ,
487 				      ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES, &sense_hdr);
488 	if (sense_hdr.sense_key == NOT_READY &&
489 	    sense_hdr.asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0x0a)
490 		return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
491 	else if (retval)
492 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
493 	else
494 		return SCSI_DH_OK;
495 }
496 
497 /*
498  * alua_rtpg - Evaluate REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES
499  * @sdev: the device to be evaluated.
500  *
501  * Evaluate the Target Port Group State.
502  * Returns SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED if the path is
503  * found to be unusable.
504  */
505 static int alua_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_port_group *pg)
506 {
507 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
508 	struct alua_port_group *tmp_pg;
509 	int len, k, off, bufflen = ALUA_RTPG_SIZE;
510 	unsigned char *desc, *buff;
511 	unsigned err, retval;
512 	unsigned int tpg_desc_tbl_off;
513 	unsigned char orig_transition_tmo;
514 	unsigned long flags;
515 	bool transitioning_sense = false;
516 
517 	if (!pg->expiry) {
518 		unsigned long transition_tmo = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ;
519 
520 		if (pg->transition_tmo)
521 			transition_tmo = pg->transition_tmo * HZ;
522 
523 		pg->expiry = round_jiffies_up(jiffies + transition_tmo);
524 	}
525 
526 	buff = kzalloc(bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
527 	if (!buff)
528 		return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
529 
530  retry:
531 	err = 0;
532 	retval = submit_rtpg(sdev, buff, bufflen, &sense_hdr, pg->flags);
533 
534 	if (retval) {
535 		/*
536 		 * Some (broken) implementations have a habit of returning
537 		 * an error during things like firmware update etc.
538 		 * But if the target only supports active/optimized there's
539 		 * not much we can do; it's not that we can switch paths
540 		 * or anything.
541 		 * So ignore any errors to avoid spurious failures during
542 		 * path failover.
543 		 */
544 		if ((pg->valid_states & ~TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED) == 0) {
545 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
546 				    "%s: ignoring rtpg result %d\n",
547 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
548 			kfree(buff);
549 			return SCSI_DH_OK;
550 		}
551 		if (!scsi_sense_valid(&sense_hdr)) {
552 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
553 				    "%s: rtpg failed, result %d\n",
554 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
555 			kfree(buff);
556 			if (driver_byte(retval) == DRIVER_ERROR)
557 				return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
558 			return SCSI_DH_IO;
559 		}
560 
561 		/*
562 		 * submit_rtpg() has failed on existing arrays
563 		 * when requesting extended header info, and
564 		 * the array doesn't support extended headers,
565 		 * even though it shouldn't according to T10.
566 		 * The retry without rtpg_ext_hdr_req set
567 		 * handles this.
568 		 */
569 		if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP) &&
570 		    sense_hdr.sense_key == ILLEGAL_REQUEST &&
571 		    sense_hdr.asc == 0x24 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0) {
572 			pg->flags |= ALUA_RTPG_EXT_HDR_UNSUPP;
573 			goto retry;
574 		}
575 		/*
576 		 * If the array returns with 'ALUA state transition'
577 		 * sense code here it cannot return RTPG data during
578 		 * transition. So set the state to 'transitioning' directly.
579 		 */
580 		if (sense_hdr.sense_key == NOT_READY &&
581 		    sense_hdr.asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0x0a) {
582 			transitioning_sense = true;
583 			goto skip_rtpg;
584 		}
585 		/*
586 		 * Retry on any other UNIT ATTENTION occurred.
587 		 */
588 		if (sense_hdr.sense_key == UNIT_ATTENTION)
589 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
590 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY &&
591 		    pg->expiry != 0 && time_before(jiffies, pg->expiry)) {
592 			sdev_printk(KERN_ERR, sdev, "%s: rtpg retry\n",
593 				    ALUA_DH_NAME);
594 			scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
595 			kfree(buff);
596 			return err;
597 		}
598 		sdev_printk(KERN_ERR, sdev, "%s: rtpg failed\n",
599 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
600 		scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
601 		kfree(buff);
602 		pg->expiry = 0;
603 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
604 	}
605 
606 	len = get_unaligned_be32(&buff[0]) + 4;
607 
608 	if (len > bufflen) {
609 		/* Resubmit with the correct length */
610 		kfree(buff);
611 		bufflen = len;
612 		buff = kmalloc(bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
613 		if (!buff) {
614 			sdev_printk(KERN_WARNING, sdev,
615 				    "%s: kmalloc buffer failed\n",__func__);
616 			/* Temporary failure, bypass */
617 			pg->expiry = 0;
618 			return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
619 		}
620 		goto retry;
621 	}
622 
623 	orig_transition_tmo = pg->transition_tmo;
624 	if ((buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR && buff[5] != 0)
625 		pg->transition_tmo = buff[5];
626 	else
627 		pg->transition_tmo = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT;
628 
629 	if (orig_transition_tmo != pg->transition_tmo) {
630 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
631 			    "%s: transition timeout set to %d seconds\n",
632 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->transition_tmo);
633 		pg->expiry = jiffies + pg->transition_tmo * HZ;
634 	}
635 
636 	if ((buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR)
637 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 8;
638 	else
639 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 4;
640 
641 	for (k = tpg_desc_tbl_off, desc = buff + tpg_desc_tbl_off;
642 	     k < len;
643 	     k += off, desc += off) {
644 		u16 group_id = get_unaligned_be16(&desc[2]);
645 
646 		spin_lock_irqsave(&port_group_lock, flags);
647 		tmp_pg = alua_find_get_pg(pg->device_id_str, pg->device_id_len,
648 					  group_id);
649 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port_group_lock, flags);
650 		if (tmp_pg) {
651 			if (spin_trylock_irqsave(&tmp_pg->lock, flags)) {
652 				if ((tmp_pg == pg) ||
653 				    !(tmp_pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUNNING)) {
654 					struct alua_dh_data *h;
655 
656 					tmp_pg->state = desc[0] & 0x0f;
657 					tmp_pg->pref = desc[0] >> 7;
658 					rcu_read_lock();
659 					list_for_each_entry_rcu(h,
660 						&tmp_pg->dh_list, node) {
661 						/* h->sdev should always be valid */
662 						BUG_ON(!h->sdev);
663 						h->sdev->access_state = desc[0];
664 					}
665 					rcu_read_unlock();
666 				}
667 				if (tmp_pg == pg)
668 					tmp_pg->valid_states = desc[1];
669 				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tmp_pg->lock, flags);
670 			}
671 			kref_put(&tmp_pg->kref, release_port_group);
672 		}
673 		off = 8 + (desc[7] * 4);
674 	}
675 
676  skip_rtpg:
677 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
678 	if (transitioning_sense)
679 		pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING;
680 
681 	sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
682 		    "%s: port group %02x state %c %s supports %c%c%c%c%c%c%c\n",
683 		    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->group_id, print_alua_state(pg->state),
684 		    pg->pref ? "preferred" : "non-preferred",
685 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION?'T':'t',
686 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE?'O':'o',
687 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT?'L':'l',
688 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE?'U':'u',
689 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY?'S':'s',
690 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED?'N':'n',
691 		    pg->valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED?'A':'a');
692 
693 	switch (pg->state) {
694 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
695 		if (time_before(jiffies, pg->expiry)) {
696 			/* State transition, retry */
697 			pg->interval = ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY;
698 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
699 		} else {
700 			struct alua_dh_data *h;
701 
702 			/* Transitioning time exceeded, set port to standby */
703 			err = SCSI_DH_IO;
704 			pg->state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY;
705 			pg->expiry = 0;
706 			rcu_read_lock();
707 			list_for_each_entry_rcu(h, &pg->dh_list, node) {
708 				BUG_ON(!h->sdev);
709 				h->sdev->access_state =
710 					(pg->state & SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_MASK);
711 				if (pg->pref)
712 					h->sdev->access_state |=
713 						SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_PREFERRED;
714 			}
715 			rcu_read_unlock();
716 		}
717 		break;
718 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
719 		/* Path unusable */
720 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED;
721 		pg->expiry = 0;
722 		break;
723 	default:
724 		/* Useable path if active */
725 		err = SCSI_DH_OK;
726 		pg->expiry = 0;
727 		break;
728 	}
729 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
730 	kfree(buff);
731 	return err;
732 }
733 
734 /*
735  * alua_stpg - Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command
736  *
737  * Issue a SET TARGET PORT GROUP command and evaluate the
738  * response. Returns SCSI_DH_RETRY per default to trigger
739  * a re-evaluation of the target group state or SCSI_DH_OK
740  * if no further action needs to be taken.
741  */
742 static unsigned alua_stpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_port_group *pg)
743 {
744 	int retval;
745 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
746 
747 	if (!(pg->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT)) {
748 		/* Only implicit ALUA supported, retry */
749 		return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
750 	}
751 	switch (pg->state) {
752 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
753 		return SCSI_DH_OK;
754 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
755 		if ((pg->flags & ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG) &&
756 		    !pg->pref &&
757 		    (pg->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT))
758 			return SCSI_DH_OK;
759 		break;
760 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_STANDBY:
761 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
762 		break;
763 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OFFLINE:
764 		return SCSI_DH_IO;
765 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
766 		break;
767 	default:
768 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
769 			    "%s: stpg failed, unhandled TPGS state %d",
770 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, pg->state);
771 		return SCSI_DH_NOSYS;
772 	}
773 	retval = submit_stpg(sdev, pg->group_id, &sense_hdr);
774 
775 	if (retval) {
776 		if (!scsi_sense_valid(&sense_hdr)) {
777 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
778 				    "%s: stpg failed, result %d",
779 				    ALUA_DH_NAME, retval);
780 			if (driver_byte(retval) == DRIVER_ERROR)
781 				return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
782 		} else {
783 			sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: stpg failed\n",
784 				    ALUA_DH_NAME);
785 			scsi_print_sense_hdr(sdev, ALUA_DH_NAME, &sense_hdr);
786 		}
787 	}
788 	/* Retry RTPG */
789 	return SCSI_DH_RETRY;
790 }
791 
792 static void alua_rtpg_work(struct work_struct *work)
793 {
794 	struct alua_port_group *pg =
795 		container_of(work, struct alua_port_group, rtpg_work.work);
796 	struct scsi_device *sdev;
797 	LIST_HEAD(qdata_list);
798 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
799 	struct alua_queue_data *qdata, *tmp;
800 	unsigned long flags;
801 
802 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
803 	sdev = pg->rtpg_sdev;
804 	if (!sdev) {
805 		WARN_ON(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG);
806 		WARN_ON(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG);
807 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
808 		kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
809 		return;
810 	}
811 	pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
812 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
813 		int state = pg->state;
814 
815 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
816 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
817 		if (state == SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING) {
818 			if (alua_tur(sdev) == SCSI_DH_RETRY) {
819 				spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
820 				pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
821 				pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
822 				if (!pg->interval)
823 					pg->interval = ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY;
824 				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
825 				queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
826 						   pg->interval * HZ);
827 				return;
828 			}
829 			/* Send RTPG on failure or if TUR indicates SUCCESS */
830 		}
831 		err = alua_rtpg(sdev, pg);
832 		spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
833 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY || pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
834 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
835 			if (!pg->interval && !(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG))
836 				pg->interval = ALUA_RTPG_RETRY_DELAY;
837 			pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
838 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
839 			queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
840 					   pg->interval * HZ);
841 			return;
842 		}
843 		if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
844 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
845 	}
846 	if (pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG) {
847 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
848 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
849 		err = alua_stpg(sdev, pg);
850 		spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
851 		if (err == SCSI_DH_RETRY || pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) {
852 			pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
853 			pg->interval = 0;
854 			pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
855 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
856 			queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
857 					   pg->interval * HZ);
858 			return;
859 		}
860 	}
861 
862 	list_splice_init(&pg->rtpg_list, &qdata_list);
863 	pg->rtpg_sdev = NULL;
864 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
865 
866 	list_for_each_entry_safe(qdata, tmp, &qdata_list, entry) {
867 		list_del(&qdata->entry);
868 		if (qdata->callback_fn)
869 			qdata->callback_fn(qdata->callback_data, err);
870 		kfree(qdata);
871 	}
872 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
873 	pg->flags &= ~ALUA_PG_RUNNING;
874 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
875 	scsi_device_put(sdev);
876 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
877 }
878 
879 /**
880  * alua_rtpg_queue() - cause RTPG to be submitted asynchronously
881  * @pg: ALUA port group associated with @sdev.
882  * @sdev: SCSI device for which to submit an RTPG.
883  * @qdata: Information about the callback to invoke after the RTPG.
884  * @force: Whether or not to submit an RTPG if a work item that will submit an
885  *         RTPG already has been scheduled.
886  *
887  * Returns true if and only if alua_rtpg_work() will be called asynchronously.
888  * That function is responsible for calling @qdata->fn().
889  */
890 static bool alua_rtpg_queue(struct alua_port_group *pg,
891 			    struct scsi_device *sdev,
892 			    struct alua_queue_data *qdata, bool force)
893 {
894 	int start_queue = 0;
895 	unsigned long flags;
896 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!pg) || scsi_device_get(sdev))
897 		return false;
898 
899 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
900 	if (qdata) {
901 		list_add_tail(&qdata->entry, &pg->rtpg_list);
902 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_STPG;
903 		force = true;
904 	}
905 	if (pg->rtpg_sdev == NULL) {
906 		pg->interval = 0;
907 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
908 		kref_get(&pg->kref);
909 		pg->rtpg_sdev = sdev;
910 		start_queue = 1;
911 	} else if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG) && force) {
912 		pg->flags |= ALUA_PG_RUN_RTPG;
913 		/* Do not queue if the worker is already running */
914 		if (!(pg->flags & ALUA_PG_RUNNING)) {
915 			kref_get(&pg->kref);
916 			start_queue = 1;
917 		}
918 	}
919 
920 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
921 
922 	if (start_queue) {
923 		if (queue_delayed_work(kaluad_wq, &pg->rtpg_work,
924 				msecs_to_jiffies(ALUA_RTPG_DELAY_MSECS)))
925 			sdev = NULL;
926 		else
927 			kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
928 	}
929 	if (sdev)
930 		scsi_device_put(sdev);
931 
932 	return true;
933 }
934 
935 /*
936  * alua_initialize - Initialize ALUA state
937  * @sdev: the device to be initialized
938  *
939  * For the prep_fn to work correctly we have
940  * to initialize the ALUA state for the device.
941  */
942 static int alua_initialize(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h)
943 {
944 	int err = SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP, tpgs;
945 
946 	mutex_lock(&h->init_mutex);
947 	tpgs = alua_check_tpgs(sdev);
948 	if (tpgs != TPGS_MODE_NONE)
949 		err = alua_check_vpd(sdev, h, tpgs);
950 	h->init_error = err;
951 	mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
952 	return err;
953 }
954 /*
955  * alua_set_params - set/unset the optimize flag
956  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
957  * params - parameters in the following format
958  *      "no_of_params\0param1\0param2\0param3\0...\0"
959  * For example, to set the flag pass the following parameters
960  * from multipath.conf
961  *     hardware_handler        "2 alua 1"
962  */
963 static int alua_set_params(struct scsi_device *sdev, const char *params)
964 {
965 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
966 	struct alua_port_group *pg = NULL;
967 	unsigned int optimize = 0, argc;
968 	const char *p = params;
969 	int result = SCSI_DH_OK;
970 	unsigned long flags;
971 
972 	if ((sscanf(params, "%u", &argc) != 1) || (argc != 1))
973 		return -EINVAL;
974 
975 	while (*p++)
976 		;
977 	if ((sscanf(p, "%u", &optimize) != 1) || (optimize > 1))
978 		return -EINVAL;
979 
980 	rcu_read_lock();
981 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
982 	if (!pg) {
983 		rcu_read_unlock();
984 		return -ENXIO;
985 	}
986 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pg->lock, flags);
987 	if (optimize)
988 		pg->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
989 	else
990 		pg->flags &= ~ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
991 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pg->lock, flags);
992 	rcu_read_unlock();
993 
994 	return result;
995 }
996 
997 /*
998  * alua_activate - activate a path
999  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
1000  *
1001  * We're currently switching the port group to be activated only and
1002  * let the array figure out the rest.
1003  * There may be other arrays which require us to switch all port groups
1004  * based on a certain policy. But until we actually encounter them it
1005  * should be okay.
1006  */
1007 static int alua_activate(struct scsi_device *sdev,
1008 			activate_complete fn, void *data)
1009 {
1010 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1011 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
1012 	struct alua_queue_data *qdata;
1013 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1014 
1015 	qdata = kzalloc(sizeof(*qdata), GFP_KERNEL);
1016 	if (!qdata) {
1017 		err = SCSI_DH_RES_TEMP_UNAVAIL;
1018 		goto out;
1019 	}
1020 	qdata->callback_fn = fn;
1021 	qdata->callback_data = data;
1022 
1023 	mutex_lock(&h->init_mutex);
1024 	rcu_read_lock();
1025 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1026 	if (!pg || !kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref)) {
1027 		rcu_read_unlock();
1028 		kfree(qdata);
1029 		err = h->init_error;
1030 		mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
1031 		goto out;
1032 	}
1033 	rcu_read_unlock();
1034 	mutex_unlock(&h->init_mutex);
1035 
1036 	if (alua_rtpg_queue(pg, sdev, qdata, true))
1037 		fn = NULL;
1038 	else
1039 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED;
1040 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1041 out:
1042 	if (fn)
1043 		fn(data, err);
1044 	return 0;
1045 }
1046 
1047 /*
1048  * alua_check - check path status
1049  * @sdev: device on the path to be checked
1050  *
1051  * Check the device status
1052  */
1053 static void alua_check(struct scsi_device *sdev, bool force)
1054 {
1055 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1056 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1057 
1058 	rcu_read_lock();
1059 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1060 	if (!pg || !kref_get_unless_zero(&pg->kref)) {
1061 		rcu_read_unlock();
1062 		return;
1063 	}
1064 	rcu_read_unlock();
1065 
1066 	alua_rtpg_queue(pg, sdev, NULL, force);
1067 	kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1068 }
1069 
1070 /*
1071  * alua_prep_fn - request callback
1072  *
1073  * Fail I/O to all paths not in state
1074  * active/optimized or active/non-optimized.
1075  */
1076 static blk_status_t alua_prep_fn(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct request *req)
1077 {
1078 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1079 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1080 	unsigned char state = SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL;
1081 
1082 	rcu_read_lock();
1083 	pg = rcu_dereference(h->pg);
1084 	if (pg)
1085 		state = pg->state;
1086 	rcu_read_unlock();
1087 
1088 	switch (state) {
1089 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_OPTIMAL:
1090 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_ACTIVE:
1091 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_LBA:
1092 		return BLK_STS_OK;
1093 	case SCSI_ACCESS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
1094 		return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
1095 	default:
1096 		req->rq_flags |= RQF_QUIET;
1097 		return BLK_STS_IOERR;
1098 	}
1099 }
1100 
1101 static void alua_rescan(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1102 {
1103 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1104 
1105 	alua_initialize(sdev, h);
1106 }
1107 
1108 /*
1109  * alua_bus_attach - Attach device handler
1110  * @sdev: device to be attached to
1111  */
1112 static int alua_bus_attach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1113 {
1114 	struct alua_dh_data *h;
1115 	int err;
1116 
1117 	h = kzalloc(sizeof(*h) , GFP_KERNEL);
1118 	if (!h)
1119 		return SCSI_DH_NOMEM;
1120 	spin_lock_init(&h->pg_lock);
1121 	rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, NULL);
1122 	h->init_error = SCSI_DH_OK;
1123 	h->sdev = sdev;
1124 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&h->node);
1125 
1126 	mutex_init(&h->init_mutex);
1127 	err = alua_initialize(sdev, h);
1128 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK && err != SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED)
1129 		goto failed;
1130 
1131 	sdev->handler_data = h;
1132 	return SCSI_DH_OK;
1133 failed:
1134 	kfree(h);
1135 	return err;
1136 }
1137 
1138 /*
1139  * alua_bus_detach - Detach device handler
1140  * @sdev: device to be detached from
1141  */
1142 static void alua_bus_detach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
1143 {
1144 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
1145 	struct alua_port_group *pg;
1146 
1147 	spin_lock(&h->pg_lock);
1148 	pg = rcu_dereference_protected(h->pg, lockdep_is_held(&h->pg_lock));
1149 	rcu_assign_pointer(h->pg, NULL);
1150 	h->sdev = NULL;
1151 	spin_unlock(&h->pg_lock);
1152 	if (pg) {
1153 		spin_lock_irq(&pg->lock);
1154 		list_del_rcu(&h->node);
1155 		spin_unlock_irq(&pg->lock);
1156 		kref_put(&pg->kref, release_port_group);
1157 	}
1158 	sdev->handler_data = NULL;
1159 	kfree(h);
1160 }
1161 
1162 static struct scsi_device_handler alua_dh = {
1163 	.name = ALUA_DH_NAME,
1164 	.module = THIS_MODULE,
1165 	.attach = alua_bus_attach,
1166 	.detach = alua_bus_detach,
1167 	.prep_fn = alua_prep_fn,
1168 	.check_sense = alua_check_sense,
1169 	.activate = alua_activate,
1170 	.rescan = alua_rescan,
1171 	.set_params = alua_set_params,
1172 };
1173 
1174 static int __init alua_init(void)
1175 {
1176 	int r;
1177 
1178 	kaluad_wq = alloc_workqueue("kaluad", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0);
1179 	if (!kaluad_wq)
1180 		return -ENOMEM;
1181 
1182 	r = scsi_register_device_handler(&alua_dh);
1183 	if (r != 0) {
1184 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Failed to register scsi device handler",
1185 			ALUA_DH_NAME);
1186 		destroy_workqueue(kaluad_wq);
1187 	}
1188 	return r;
1189 }
1190 
1191 static void __exit alua_exit(void)
1192 {
1193 	scsi_unregister_device_handler(&alua_dh);
1194 	destroy_workqueue(kaluad_wq);
1195 }
1196 
1197 module_init(alua_init);
1198 module_exit(alua_exit);
1199 
1200 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DM Multipath ALUA support");
1201 MODULE_AUTHOR("Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>");
1202 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1203 MODULE_VERSION(ALUA_DH_VER);
1204