xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/pci/pci-bridge-emul.c (revision f71a261a)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2018 Marvell
4  *
5  * Author: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@bootlin.com>
6  *
7  * This file helps PCI controller drivers implement a fake root port
8  * PCI bridge when the HW doesn't provide such a root port PCI
9  * bridge.
10  *
11  * It emulates a PCI bridge by providing a fake PCI configuration
12  * space (and optionally a PCIe capability configuration space) in
13  * memory. By default the read/write operations simply read and update
14  * this fake configuration space in memory. However, PCI controller
15  * drivers can provide through the 'struct pci_sw_bridge_ops'
16  * structure a set of operations to override or complement this
17  * default behavior.
18  */
19 
20 #include <linux/pci.h>
21 #include "pci-bridge-emul.h"
22 
23 #define PCI_BRIDGE_CONF_END	PCI_STD_HEADER_SIZEOF
24 #define PCI_CAP_SSID_SIZEOF	(PCI_SSVID_DEVICE_ID + 2)
25 #define PCI_CAP_SSID_START	PCI_BRIDGE_CONF_END
26 #define PCI_CAP_SSID_END	(PCI_CAP_SSID_START + PCI_CAP_SSID_SIZEOF)
27 #define PCI_CAP_PCIE_SIZEOF	(PCI_EXP_SLTSTA2 + 2)
28 #define PCI_CAP_PCIE_START	PCI_CAP_SSID_END
29 #define PCI_CAP_PCIE_END	(PCI_CAP_PCIE_START + PCI_CAP_PCIE_SIZEOF)
30 
31 /**
32  * struct pci_bridge_reg_behavior - register bits behaviors
33  * @ro:		Read-Only bits
34  * @rw:		Read-Write bits
35  * @w1c:	Write-1-to-Clear bits
36  *
37  * Reads and Writes will be filtered by specified behavior. All other bits not
38  * declared are assumed 'Reserved' and will return 0 on reads, per PCIe 5.0:
39  * "Reserved register fields must be read only and must return 0 (all 0's for
40  * multi-bit fields) when read".
41  */
42 struct pci_bridge_reg_behavior {
43 	/* Read-only bits */
44 	u32 ro;
45 
46 	/* Read-write bits */
47 	u32 rw;
48 
49 	/* Write-1-to-clear bits */
50 	u32 w1c;
51 };
52 
53 static const
54 struct pci_bridge_reg_behavior pci_regs_behavior[PCI_STD_HEADER_SIZEOF / 4] = {
55 	[PCI_VENDOR_ID / 4] = { .ro = ~0 },
56 	[PCI_COMMAND / 4] = {
57 		.rw = (PCI_COMMAND_IO | PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY |
58 		       PCI_COMMAND_MASTER | PCI_COMMAND_PARITY |
59 		       PCI_COMMAND_SERR),
60 		.ro = ((PCI_COMMAND_SPECIAL | PCI_COMMAND_INVALIDATE |
61 			PCI_COMMAND_VGA_PALETTE | PCI_COMMAND_WAIT |
62 			PCI_COMMAND_FAST_BACK) |
63 		       (PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST | PCI_STATUS_66MHZ |
64 			PCI_STATUS_FAST_BACK | PCI_STATUS_DEVSEL_MASK) << 16),
65 		.w1c = PCI_STATUS_ERROR_BITS << 16,
66 	},
67 	[PCI_CLASS_REVISION / 4] = { .ro = ~0 },
68 
69 	/*
70 	 * Cache Line Size register: implement as read-only, we do not
71 	 * pretend implementing "Memory Write and Invalidate"
72 	 * transactions"
73 	 *
74 	 * Latency Timer Register: implemented as read-only, as "A
75 	 * bridge that is not capable of a burst transfer of more than
76 	 * two data phases on its primary interface is permitted to
77 	 * hardwire the Latency Timer to a value of 16 or less"
78 	 *
79 	 * Header Type: always read-only
80 	 *
81 	 * BIST register: implemented as read-only, as "A bridge that
82 	 * does not support BIST must implement this register as a
83 	 * read-only register that returns 0 when read"
84 	 */
85 	[PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE / 4] = { .ro = ~0 },
86 
87 	/*
88 	 * Base Address registers not used must be implemented as
89 	 * read-only registers that return 0 when read.
90 	 */
91 	[PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0 / 4] = { .ro = ~0 },
92 	[PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_1 / 4] = { .ro = ~0 },
93 
94 	[PCI_PRIMARY_BUS / 4] = {
95 		/* Primary, secondary and subordinate bus are RW */
96 		.rw = GENMASK(24, 0),
97 		/* Secondary latency is read-only */
98 		.ro = GENMASK(31, 24),
99 	},
100 
101 	[PCI_IO_BASE / 4] = {
102 		/* The high four bits of I/O base/limit are RW */
103 		.rw = (GENMASK(15, 12) | GENMASK(7, 4)),
104 
105 		/* The low four bits of I/O base/limit are RO */
106 		.ro = (((PCI_STATUS_66MHZ | PCI_STATUS_FAST_BACK |
107 			 PCI_STATUS_DEVSEL_MASK) << 16) |
108 		       GENMASK(11, 8) | GENMASK(3, 0)),
109 
110 		.w1c = PCI_STATUS_ERROR_BITS << 16,
111 	},
112 
113 	[PCI_MEMORY_BASE / 4] = {
114 		/* The high 12-bits of mem base/limit are RW */
115 		.rw = GENMASK(31, 20) | GENMASK(15, 4),
116 
117 		/* The low four bits of mem base/limit are RO */
118 		.ro = GENMASK(19, 16) | GENMASK(3, 0),
119 	},
120 
121 	[PCI_PREF_MEMORY_BASE / 4] = {
122 		/* The high 12-bits of pref mem base/limit are RW */
123 		.rw = GENMASK(31, 20) | GENMASK(15, 4),
124 
125 		/* The low four bits of pref mem base/limit are RO */
126 		.ro = GENMASK(19, 16) | GENMASK(3, 0),
127 	},
128 
129 	[PCI_PREF_BASE_UPPER32 / 4] = {
130 		.rw = ~0,
131 	},
132 
133 	[PCI_PREF_LIMIT_UPPER32 / 4] = {
134 		.rw = ~0,
135 	},
136 
137 	[PCI_IO_BASE_UPPER16 / 4] = {
138 		.rw = ~0,
139 	},
140 
141 	[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST / 4] = {
142 		.ro = GENMASK(7, 0),
143 	},
144 
145 	/*
146 	 * If expansion ROM is unsupported then ROM Base Address register must
147 	 * be implemented as read-only register that return 0 when read, same
148 	 * as for unused Base Address registers.
149 	 */
150 	[PCI_ROM_ADDRESS1 / 4] = {
151 		.ro = ~0,
152 	},
153 
154 	/*
155 	 * Interrupt line (bits 7:0) are RW, interrupt pin (bits 15:8)
156 	 * are RO, and bridge control (31:16) are a mix of RW, RO,
157 	 * reserved and W1C bits
158 	 */
159 	[PCI_INTERRUPT_LINE / 4] = {
160 		/* Interrupt line is RW */
161 		.rw = (GENMASK(7, 0) |
162 		       ((PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_PARITY |
163 			 PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_SERR |
164 			 PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_ISA |
165 			 PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_VGA |
166 			 PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_MASTER_ABORT |
167 			 PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET |
168 			 BIT(8) | BIT(9) | BIT(11)) << 16)),
169 
170 		/* Interrupt pin is RO */
171 		.ro = (GENMASK(15, 8) | ((PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_FAST_BACK) << 16)),
172 
173 		.w1c = BIT(10) << 16,
174 	},
175 };
176 
177 static const
178 struct pci_bridge_reg_behavior pcie_cap_regs_behavior[PCI_CAP_PCIE_SIZEOF / 4] = {
179 	[PCI_CAP_LIST_ID / 4] = {
180 		/*
181 		 * Capability ID, Next Capability Pointer and
182 		 * bits [14:0] of Capabilities register are all read-only.
183 		 * Bit 15 of Capabilities register is reserved.
184 		 */
185 		.ro = GENMASK(30, 0),
186 	},
187 
188 	[PCI_EXP_DEVCAP / 4] = {
189 		/*
190 		 * Bits [31:29] and [17:16] are reserved.
191 		 * Bits [27:18] are reserved for non-upstream ports.
192 		 * Bits 28 and [14:6] are reserved for non-endpoint devices.
193 		 * Other bits are read-only.
194 		 */
195 		.ro = BIT(15) | GENMASK(5, 0),
196 	},
197 
198 	[PCI_EXP_DEVCTL / 4] = {
199 		/*
200 		 * Device control register is RW, except bit 15 which is
201 		 * reserved for non-endpoints or non-PCIe-to-PCI/X bridges.
202 		 */
203 		.rw = GENMASK(14, 0),
204 
205 		/*
206 		 * Device status register has bits 6 and [3:0] W1C, [5:4] RO,
207 		 * the rest is reserved. Also bit 6 is reserved for non-upstream
208 		 * ports.
209 		 */
210 		.w1c = GENMASK(3, 0) << 16,
211 		.ro = GENMASK(5, 4) << 16,
212 	},
213 
214 	[PCI_EXP_LNKCAP / 4] = {
215 		/*
216 		 * All bits are RO, except bit 23 which is reserved and
217 		 * bit 18 which is reserved for non-upstream ports.
218 		 */
219 		.ro = lower_32_bits(~(BIT(23) | PCI_EXP_LNKCAP_CLKPM)),
220 	},
221 
222 	[PCI_EXP_LNKCTL / 4] = {
223 		/*
224 		 * Link control has bits [15:14], [11:3] and [1:0] RW, the
225 		 * rest is reserved. Bit 8 is reserved for non-upstream ports.
226 		 *
227 		 * Link status has bits [13:0] RO, and bits [15:14]
228 		 * W1C.
229 		 */
230 		.rw = GENMASK(15, 14) | GENMASK(11, 9) | GENMASK(7, 3) | GENMASK(1, 0),
231 		.ro = GENMASK(13, 0) << 16,
232 		.w1c = GENMASK(15, 14) << 16,
233 	},
234 
235 	[PCI_EXP_SLTCAP / 4] = {
236 		.ro = ~0,
237 	},
238 
239 	[PCI_EXP_SLTCTL / 4] = {
240 		/*
241 		 * Slot control has bits [14:0] RW, the rest is
242 		 * reserved.
243 		 *
244 		 * Slot status has bits 8 and [4:0] W1C, bits [7:5] RO, the
245 		 * rest is reserved.
246 		 */
247 		.rw = GENMASK(14, 0),
248 		.w1c = (PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_ABP | PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_PFD |
249 			PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_MRLSC | PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_PDC |
250 			PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_CC | PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_DLLSC) << 16,
251 		.ro = (PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_MRLSS | PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_PDS |
252 		       PCI_EXP_SLTSTA_EIS) << 16,
253 	},
254 
255 	[PCI_EXP_RTCTL / 4] = {
256 		/*
257 		 * Root control has bits [4:0] RW, the rest is
258 		 * reserved.
259 		 *
260 		 * Root capabilities has bit 0 RO, the rest is reserved.
261 		 */
262 		.rw = (PCI_EXP_RTCTL_SECEE | PCI_EXP_RTCTL_SENFEE |
263 		       PCI_EXP_RTCTL_SEFEE | PCI_EXP_RTCTL_PMEIE |
264 		       PCI_EXP_RTCTL_CRSSVE),
265 		.ro = PCI_EXP_RTCAP_CRSVIS << 16,
266 	},
267 
268 	[PCI_EXP_RTSTA / 4] = {
269 		/*
270 		 * Root status has bits 17 and [15:0] RO, bit 16 W1C, the rest
271 		 * is reserved.
272 		 */
273 		.ro = GENMASK(15, 0) | PCI_EXP_RTSTA_PENDING,
274 		.w1c = PCI_EXP_RTSTA_PME,
275 	},
276 
277 	[PCI_EXP_DEVCAP2 / 4] = {
278 		/*
279 		 * Device capabilities 2 register has reserved bits [30:27].
280 		 * Also bits [26:24] are reserved for non-upstream ports.
281 		 */
282 		.ro = BIT(31) | GENMASK(23, 0),
283 	},
284 
285 	[PCI_EXP_DEVCTL2 / 4] = {
286 		/*
287 		 * Device control 2 register is RW. Bit 11 is reserved for
288 		 * non-upstream ports.
289 		 *
290 		 * Device status 2 register is reserved.
291 		 */
292 		.rw = GENMASK(15, 12) | GENMASK(10, 0),
293 	},
294 
295 	[PCI_EXP_LNKCAP2 / 4] = {
296 		/* Link capabilities 2 register has reserved bits [30:25] and 0. */
297 		.ro = BIT(31) | GENMASK(24, 1),
298 	},
299 
300 	[PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2 / 4] = {
301 		/*
302 		 * Link control 2 register is RW.
303 		 *
304 		 * Link status 2 register has bits 5, 15 W1C;
305 		 * bits 10, 11 reserved and others are RO.
306 		 */
307 		.rw = GENMASK(15, 0),
308 		.w1c = (BIT(15) | BIT(5)) << 16,
309 		.ro = (GENMASK(14, 12) | GENMASK(9, 6) | GENMASK(4, 0)) << 16,
310 	},
311 
312 	[PCI_EXP_SLTCAP2 / 4] = {
313 		/* Slot capabilities 2 register is reserved. */
314 	},
315 
316 	[PCI_EXP_SLTCTL2 / 4] = {
317 		/* Both Slot control 2 and Slot status 2 registers are reserved. */
318 	},
319 };
320 
321 static pci_bridge_emul_read_status_t
322 pci_bridge_emul_read_ssid(struct pci_bridge_emul *bridge, int reg, u32 *value)
323 {
324 	switch (reg) {
325 	case PCI_CAP_LIST_ID:
326 		*value = PCI_CAP_ID_SSVID |
327 			(bridge->has_pcie ? (PCI_CAP_PCIE_START << 8) : 0);
328 		return PCI_BRIDGE_EMUL_HANDLED;
329 
330 	case PCI_SSVID_VENDOR_ID:
331 		*value = bridge->subsystem_vendor_id |
332 			(bridge->subsystem_id << 16);
333 		return PCI_BRIDGE_EMUL_HANDLED;
334 
335 	default:
336 		return PCI_BRIDGE_EMUL_NOT_HANDLED;
337 	}
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * Initialize a pci_bridge_emul structure to represent a fake PCI
342  * bridge configuration space. The caller needs to have initialized
343  * the PCI configuration space with whatever values make sense
344  * (typically at least vendor, device, revision), the ->ops pointer,
345  * and optionally ->data and ->has_pcie.
346  */
347 int pci_bridge_emul_init(struct pci_bridge_emul *bridge,
348 			 unsigned int flags)
349 {
350 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(bridge->conf) != PCI_BRIDGE_CONF_END);
351 
352 	/*
353 	 * class_revision: Class is high 24 bits and revision is low 8 bit
354 	 * of this member, while class for PCI Bridge Normal Decode has the
355 	 * 24-bit value: PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_PCI_NORMAL
356 	 */
357 	bridge->conf.class_revision |=
358 		cpu_to_le32(PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_PCI_NORMAL << 8);
359 	bridge->conf.header_type = PCI_HEADER_TYPE_BRIDGE;
360 	bridge->conf.cache_line_size = 0x10;
361 	bridge->conf.status = cpu_to_le16(PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST);
362 	bridge->pci_regs_behavior = kmemdup(pci_regs_behavior,
363 					    sizeof(pci_regs_behavior),
364 					    GFP_KERNEL);
365 	if (!bridge->pci_regs_behavior)
366 		return -ENOMEM;
367 
368 	if (bridge->subsystem_vendor_id)
369 		bridge->conf.capabilities_pointer = PCI_CAP_SSID_START;
370 	else if (bridge->has_pcie)
371 		bridge->conf.capabilities_pointer = PCI_CAP_PCIE_START;
372 	else
373 		bridge->conf.capabilities_pointer = 0;
374 
375 	if (bridge->conf.capabilities_pointer)
376 		bridge->conf.status |= cpu_to_le16(PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST);
377 
378 	if (bridge->has_pcie) {
379 		bridge->pcie_conf.cap_id = PCI_CAP_ID_EXP;
380 		bridge->pcie_conf.cap |= cpu_to_le16(PCI_EXP_TYPE_ROOT_PORT << 4);
381 		bridge->pcie_cap_regs_behavior =
382 			kmemdup(pcie_cap_regs_behavior,
383 				sizeof(pcie_cap_regs_behavior),
384 				GFP_KERNEL);
385 		if (!bridge->pcie_cap_regs_behavior) {
386 			kfree(bridge->pci_regs_behavior);
387 			return -ENOMEM;
388 		}
389 		/* These bits are applicable only for PCI and reserved on PCIe */
390 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE / 4].ro &=
391 			~GENMASK(15, 8);
392 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_COMMAND / 4].ro &=
393 			~((PCI_COMMAND_SPECIAL | PCI_COMMAND_INVALIDATE |
394 			   PCI_COMMAND_VGA_PALETTE | PCI_COMMAND_WAIT |
395 			   PCI_COMMAND_FAST_BACK) |
396 			  (PCI_STATUS_66MHZ | PCI_STATUS_FAST_BACK |
397 			   PCI_STATUS_DEVSEL_MASK) << 16);
398 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_PRIMARY_BUS / 4].ro &=
399 			~GENMASK(31, 24);
400 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_IO_BASE / 4].ro &=
401 			~((PCI_STATUS_66MHZ | PCI_STATUS_FAST_BACK |
402 			   PCI_STATUS_DEVSEL_MASK) << 16);
403 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_INTERRUPT_LINE / 4].rw &=
404 			~((PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_MASTER_ABORT |
405 			   BIT(8) | BIT(9) | BIT(11)) << 16);
406 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_INTERRUPT_LINE / 4].ro &=
407 			~((PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_FAST_BACK) << 16);
408 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_INTERRUPT_LINE / 4].w1c &=
409 			~(BIT(10) << 16);
410 	}
411 
412 	if (flags & PCI_BRIDGE_EMUL_NO_PREFMEM_FORWARD) {
413 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_PREF_MEMORY_BASE / 4].ro = ~0;
414 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_PREF_MEMORY_BASE / 4].rw = 0;
415 	}
416 
417 	if (flags & PCI_BRIDGE_EMUL_NO_IO_FORWARD) {
418 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_COMMAND / 4].ro |= PCI_COMMAND_IO;
419 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_COMMAND / 4].rw &= ~PCI_COMMAND_IO;
420 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_IO_BASE / 4].ro |= GENMASK(15, 0);
421 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_IO_BASE / 4].rw &= ~GENMASK(15, 0);
422 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_IO_BASE_UPPER16 / 4].ro = ~0;
423 		bridge->pci_regs_behavior[PCI_IO_BASE_UPPER16 / 4].rw = 0;
424 	}
425 
426 	return 0;
427 }
428 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_bridge_emul_init);
429 
430 /*
431  * Cleanup a pci_bridge_emul structure that was previously initialized
432  * using pci_bridge_emul_init().
433  */
434 void pci_bridge_emul_cleanup(struct pci_bridge_emul *bridge)
435 {
436 	if (bridge->has_pcie)
437 		kfree(bridge->pcie_cap_regs_behavior);
438 	kfree(bridge->pci_regs_behavior);
439 }
440 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_bridge_emul_cleanup);
441 
442 /*
443  * Should be called by the PCI controller driver when reading the PCI
444  * configuration space of the fake bridge. It will call back the
445  * ->ops->read_base or ->ops->read_pcie operations.
446  */
447 int pci_bridge_emul_conf_read(struct pci_bridge_emul *bridge, int where,
448 			      int size, u32 *value)
449 {
450 	int ret;
451 	int reg = where & ~3;
452 	pci_bridge_emul_read_status_t (*read_op)(struct pci_bridge_emul *bridge,
453 						 int reg, u32 *value);
454 	__le32 *cfgspace;
455 	const struct pci_bridge_reg_behavior *behavior;
456 
457 	if (reg < PCI_BRIDGE_CONF_END) {
458 		/* Emulated PCI space */
459 		read_op = bridge->ops->read_base;
460 		cfgspace = (__le32 *) &bridge->conf;
461 		behavior = bridge->pci_regs_behavior;
462 	} else if (reg >= PCI_CAP_SSID_START && reg < PCI_CAP_SSID_END && bridge->subsystem_vendor_id) {
463 		/* Emulated PCI Bridge Subsystem Vendor ID capability */
464 		reg -= PCI_CAP_SSID_START;
465 		read_op = pci_bridge_emul_read_ssid;
466 		cfgspace = NULL;
467 		behavior = NULL;
468 	} else if (reg >= PCI_CAP_PCIE_START && reg < PCI_CAP_PCIE_END && bridge->has_pcie) {
469 		/* Our emulated PCIe capability */
470 		reg -= PCI_CAP_PCIE_START;
471 		read_op = bridge->ops->read_pcie;
472 		cfgspace = (__le32 *) &bridge->pcie_conf;
473 		behavior = bridge->pcie_cap_regs_behavior;
474 	} else if (reg >= PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE && bridge->has_pcie) {
475 		/* PCIe extended capability space */
476 		reg -= PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE;
477 		read_op = bridge->ops->read_ext;
478 		cfgspace = NULL;
479 		behavior = NULL;
480 	} else {
481 		/* Not implemented */
482 		*value = 0;
483 		return PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL;
484 	}
485 
486 	if (read_op)
487 		ret = read_op(bridge, reg, value);
488 	else
489 		ret = PCI_BRIDGE_EMUL_NOT_HANDLED;
490 
491 	if (ret == PCI_BRIDGE_EMUL_NOT_HANDLED) {
492 		if (cfgspace)
493 			*value = le32_to_cpu(cfgspace[reg / 4]);
494 		else
495 			*value = 0;
496 	}
497 
498 	/*
499 	 * Make sure we never return any reserved bit with a value
500 	 * different from 0.
501 	 */
502 	if (behavior)
503 		*value &= behavior[reg / 4].ro | behavior[reg / 4].rw |
504 			  behavior[reg / 4].w1c;
505 
506 	if (size == 1)
507 		*value = (*value >> (8 * (where & 3))) & 0xff;
508 	else if (size == 2)
509 		*value = (*value >> (8 * (where & 3))) & 0xffff;
510 	else if (size != 4)
511 		return PCIBIOS_BAD_REGISTER_NUMBER;
512 
513 	return PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL;
514 }
515 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_bridge_emul_conf_read);
516 
517 /*
518  * Should be called by the PCI controller driver when writing the PCI
519  * configuration space of the fake bridge. It will call back the
520  * ->ops->write_base or ->ops->write_pcie operations.
521  */
522 int pci_bridge_emul_conf_write(struct pci_bridge_emul *bridge, int where,
523 			       int size, u32 value)
524 {
525 	int reg = where & ~3;
526 	int mask, ret, old, new, shift;
527 	void (*write_op)(struct pci_bridge_emul *bridge, int reg,
528 			 u32 old, u32 new, u32 mask);
529 	__le32 *cfgspace;
530 	const struct pci_bridge_reg_behavior *behavior;
531 
532 	ret = pci_bridge_emul_conf_read(bridge, reg, 4, &old);
533 	if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
534 		return ret;
535 
536 	if (reg < PCI_BRIDGE_CONF_END) {
537 		/* Emulated PCI space */
538 		write_op = bridge->ops->write_base;
539 		cfgspace = (__le32 *) &bridge->conf;
540 		behavior = bridge->pci_regs_behavior;
541 	} else if (reg >= PCI_CAP_PCIE_START && reg < PCI_CAP_PCIE_END && bridge->has_pcie) {
542 		/* Our emulated PCIe capability */
543 		reg -= PCI_CAP_PCIE_START;
544 		write_op = bridge->ops->write_pcie;
545 		cfgspace = (__le32 *) &bridge->pcie_conf;
546 		behavior = bridge->pcie_cap_regs_behavior;
547 	} else if (reg >= PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE && bridge->has_pcie) {
548 		/* PCIe extended capability space */
549 		reg -= PCI_CFG_SPACE_SIZE;
550 		write_op = bridge->ops->write_ext;
551 		cfgspace = NULL;
552 		behavior = NULL;
553 	} else {
554 		/* Not implemented */
555 		return PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL;
556 	}
557 
558 	shift = (where & 0x3) * 8;
559 
560 	if (size == 4)
561 		mask = 0xffffffff;
562 	else if (size == 2)
563 		mask = 0xffff << shift;
564 	else if (size == 1)
565 		mask = 0xff << shift;
566 	else
567 		return PCIBIOS_BAD_REGISTER_NUMBER;
568 
569 	if (behavior) {
570 		/* Keep all bits, except the RW bits */
571 		new = old & (~mask | ~behavior[reg / 4].rw);
572 
573 		/* Update the value of the RW bits */
574 		new |= (value << shift) & (behavior[reg / 4].rw & mask);
575 
576 		/* Clear the W1C bits */
577 		new &= ~((value << shift) & (behavior[reg / 4].w1c & mask));
578 	} else {
579 		new = old & ~mask;
580 		new |= (value << shift) & mask;
581 	}
582 
583 	if (cfgspace) {
584 		/* Save the new value with the cleared W1C bits into the cfgspace */
585 		cfgspace[reg / 4] = cpu_to_le32(new);
586 	}
587 
588 	if (behavior) {
589 		/*
590 		 * Clear the W1C bits not specified by the write mask, so that the
591 		 * write_op() does not clear them.
592 		 */
593 		new &= ~(behavior[reg / 4].w1c & ~mask);
594 
595 		/*
596 		 * Set the W1C bits specified by the write mask, so that write_op()
597 		 * knows about that they are to be cleared.
598 		 */
599 		new |= (value << shift) & (behavior[reg / 4].w1c & mask);
600 	}
601 
602 	if (write_op)
603 		write_op(bridge, reg, old, new, mask);
604 
605 	return PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL;
606 }
607 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_bridge_emul_conf_write);
608