1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 2012 Bjørn Mork <bjorn@mork.no> 3 * 4 * The probing code is heavily inspired by cdc_ether, which is: 5 * Copyright (C) 2003-2005 by David Brownell 6 * Copyright (C) 2006 by Ole Andre Vadla Ravnas (ActiveSync) 7 * 8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 9 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License 10 * version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation. 11 */ 12 13 #include <linux/module.h> 14 #include <linux/netdevice.h> 15 #include <linux/ethtool.h> 16 #include <linux/mii.h> 17 #include <linux/usb.h> 18 #include <linux/usb/cdc.h> 19 #include <linux/usb/usbnet.h> 20 #include <linux/usb/cdc-wdm.h> 21 22 /* This driver supports wwan (3G/LTE/?) devices using a vendor 23 * specific management protocol called Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) - 24 * in addition to the more common AT commands over serial interface 25 * management 26 * 27 * QMI is wrapped in CDC, using CDC encapsulated commands on the 28 * control ("master") interface of a two-interface CDC Union 29 * resembling standard CDC ECM. The devices do not use the control 30 * interface for any other CDC messages. Most likely because the 31 * management protocol is used in place of the standard CDC 32 * notifications NOTIFY_NETWORK_CONNECTION and NOTIFY_SPEED_CHANGE 33 * 34 * Alternatively, control and data functions can be combined in a 35 * single USB interface. 36 * 37 * Handling a protocol like QMI is out of the scope for any driver. 38 * It is exported as a character device using the cdc-wdm driver as 39 * a subdriver, enabling userspace applications ("modem managers") to 40 * handle it. 41 * 42 * These devices may alternatively/additionally be configured using AT 43 * commands on a serial interface 44 */ 45 46 /* driver specific data */ 47 struct qmi_wwan_state { 48 struct usb_driver *subdriver; 49 atomic_t pmcount; 50 unsigned long unused; 51 struct usb_interface *control; 52 struct usb_interface *data; 53 }; 54 55 /* using a counter to merge subdriver requests with our own into a combined state */ 56 static int qmi_wwan_manage_power(struct usbnet *dev, int on) 57 { 58 struct qmi_wwan_state *info = (void *)&dev->data; 59 int rv = 0; 60 61 dev_dbg(&dev->intf->dev, "%s() pmcount=%d, on=%d\n", __func__, atomic_read(&info->pmcount), on); 62 63 if ((on && atomic_add_return(1, &info->pmcount) == 1) || (!on && atomic_dec_and_test(&info->pmcount))) { 64 /* need autopm_get/put here to ensure the usbcore sees the new value */ 65 rv = usb_autopm_get_interface(dev->intf); 66 if (rv < 0) 67 goto err; 68 dev->intf->needs_remote_wakeup = on; 69 usb_autopm_put_interface(dev->intf); 70 } 71 err: 72 return rv; 73 } 74 75 static int qmi_wwan_cdc_wdm_manage_power(struct usb_interface *intf, int on) 76 { 77 struct usbnet *dev = usb_get_intfdata(intf); 78 79 /* can be called while disconnecting */ 80 if (!dev) 81 return 0; 82 return qmi_wwan_manage_power(dev, on); 83 } 84 85 /* collect all three endpoints and register subdriver */ 86 static int qmi_wwan_register_subdriver(struct usbnet *dev) 87 { 88 int rv; 89 struct usb_driver *subdriver = NULL; 90 struct qmi_wwan_state *info = (void *)&dev->data; 91 92 /* collect bulk endpoints */ 93 rv = usbnet_get_endpoints(dev, info->data); 94 if (rv < 0) 95 goto err; 96 97 /* update status endpoint if separate control interface */ 98 if (info->control != info->data) 99 dev->status = &info->control->cur_altsetting->endpoint[0]; 100 101 /* require interrupt endpoint for subdriver */ 102 if (!dev->status) { 103 rv = -EINVAL; 104 goto err; 105 } 106 107 /* for subdriver power management */ 108 atomic_set(&info->pmcount, 0); 109 110 /* register subdriver */ 111 subdriver = usb_cdc_wdm_register(info->control, &dev->status->desc, 512, &qmi_wwan_cdc_wdm_manage_power); 112 if (IS_ERR(subdriver)) { 113 dev_err(&info->control->dev, "subdriver registration failed\n"); 114 rv = PTR_ERR(subdriver); 115 goto err; 116 } 117 118 /* prevent usbnet from using status endpoint */ 119 dev->status = NULL; 120 121 /* save subdriver struct for suspend/resume wrappers */ 122 info->subdriver = subdriver; 123 124 err: 125 return rv; 126 } 127 128 static int qmi_wwan_bind(struct usbnet *dev, struct usb_interface *intf) 129 { 130 int status = -1; 131 u8 *buf = intf->cur_altsetting->extra; 132 int len = intf->cur_altsetting->extralen; 133 struct usb_interface_descriptor *desc = &intf->cur_altsetting->desc; 134 struct usb_cdc_union_desc *cdc_union = NULL; 135 struct usb_cdc_ether_desc *cdc_ether = NULL; 136 u32 found = 0; 137 struct usb_driver *driver = driver_of(intf); 138 struct qmi_wwan_state *info = (void *)&dev->data; 139 140 BUILD_BUG_ON((sizeof(((struct usbnet *)0)->data) < sizeof(struct qmi_wwan_state))); 141 142 /* require a single interrupt status endpoint for subdriver */ 143 if (intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bNumEndpoints != 1) 144 goto err; 145 146 while (len > 3) { 147 struct usb_descriptor_header *h = (void *)buf; 148 149 /* ignore any misplaced descriptors */ 150 if (h->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE) 151 goto next_desc; 152 153 /* buf[2] is CDC descriptor subtype */ 154 switch (buf[2]) { 155 case USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE: 156 if (found & 1 << USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE) { 157 dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "extra CDC header\n"); 158 goto err; 159 } 160 if (h->bLength != sizeof(struct usb_cdc_header_desc)) { 161 dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "CDC header len %u\n", h->bLength); 162 goto err; 163 } 164 break; 165 case USB_CDC_UNION_TYPE: 166 if (found & 1 << USB_CDC_UNION_TYPE) { 167 dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "extra CDC union\n"); 168 goto err; 169 } 170 if (h->bLength != sizeof(struct usb_cdc_union_desc)) { 171 dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "CDC union len %u\n", h->bLength); 172 goto err; 173 } 174 cdc_union = (struct usb_cdc_union_desc *)buf; 175 break; 176 case USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE: 177 if (found & 1 << USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE) { 178 dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "extra CDC ether\n"); 179 goto err; 180 } 181 if (h->bLength != sizeof(struct usb_cdc_ether_desc)) { 182 dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "CDC ether len %u\n", h->bLength); 183 goto err; 184 } 185 cdc_ether = (struct usb_cdc_ether_desc *)buf; 186 break; 187 } 188 189 /* 190 * Remember which CDC functional descriptors we've seen. Works 191 * for all types we care about, of which USB_CDC_ETHERNET_TYPE 192 * (0x0f) is the highest numbered 193 */ 194 if (buf[2] < 32) 195 found |= 1 << buf[2]; 196 197 next_desc: 198 len -= h->bLength; 199 buf += h->bLength; 200 } 201 202 /* did we find all the required ones? */ 203 if (!(found & (1 << USB_CDC_HEADER_TYPE)) || 204 !(found & (1 << USB_CDC_UNION_TYPE))) { 205 dev_err(&intf->dev, "CDC functional descriptors missing\n"); 206 goto err; 207 } 208 209 /* verify CDC Union */ 210 if (desc->bInterfaceNumber != cdc_union->bMasterInterface0) { 211 dev_err(&intf->dev, "bogus CDC Union: master=%u\n", cdc_union->bMasterInterface0); 212 goto err; 213 } 214 215 /* need to save these for unbind */ 216 info->control = intf; 217 info->data = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev->udev, cdc_union->bSlaveInterface0); 218 if (!info->data) { 219 dev_err(&intf->dev, "bogus CDC Union: slave=%u\n", cdc_union->bSlaveInterface0); 220 goto err; 221 } 222 223 /* errors aren't fatal - we can live with the dynamic address */ 224 if (cdc_ether) { 225 dev->hard_mtu = le16_to_cpu(cdc_ether->wMaxSegmentSize); 226 usbnet_get_ethernet_addr(dev, cdc_ether->iMACAddress); 227 } 228 229 /* claim data interface and set it up */ 230 status = usb_driver_claim_interface(driver, info->data, dev); 231 if (status < 0) 232 goto err; 233 234 status = qmi_wwan_register_subdriver(dev); 235 if (status < 0) { 236 usb_set_intfdata(info->data, NULL); 237 usb_driver_release_interface(driver, info->data); 238 } 239 240 err: 241 return status; 242 } 243 244 /* Some devices combine the "control" and "data" functions into a 245 * single interface with all three endpoints: interrupt + bulk in and 246 * out 247 */ 248 static int qmi_wwan_bind_shared(struct usbnet *dev, struct usb_interface *intf) 249 { 250 struct qmi_wwan_state *info = (void *)&dev->data; 251 252 /* control and data is shared */ 253 info->control = intf; 254 info->data = intf; 255 return qmi_wwan_register_subdriver(dev); 256 } 257 258 static void qmi_wwan_unbind(struct usbnet *dev, struct usb_interface *intf) 259 { 260 struct qmi_wwan_state *info = (void *)&dev->data; 261 struct usb_driver *driver = driver_of(intf); 262 struct usb_interface *other; 263 264 if (info->subdriver && info->subdriver->disconnect) 265 info->subdriver->disconnect(info->control); 266 267 /* allow user to unbind using either control or data */ 268 if (intf == info->control) 269 other = info->data; 270 else 271 other = info->control; 272 273 /* only if not shared */ 274 if (other && intf != other) { 275 usb_set_intfdata(other, NULL); 276 usb_driver_release_interface(driver, other); 277 } 278 279 info->subdriver = NULL; 280 info->data = NULL; 281 info->control = NULL; 282 } 283 284 /* suspend/resume wrappers calling both usbnet and the cdc-wdm 285 * subdriver if present. 286 * 287 * NOTE: cdc-wdm also supports pre/post_reset, but we cannot provide 288 * wrappers for those without adding usbnet reset support first. 289 */ 290 static int qmi_wwan_suspend(struct usb_interface *intf, pm_message_t message) 291 { 292 struct usbnet *dev = usb_get_intfdata(intf); 293 struct qmi_wwan_state *info = (void *)&dev->data; 294 int ret; 295 296 ret = usbnet_suspend(intf, message); 297 if (ret < 0) 298 goto err; 299 300 if (info->subdriver && info->subdriver->suspend) 301 ret = info->subdriver->suspend(intf, message); 302 if (ret < 0) 303 usbnet_resume(intf); 304 err: 305 return ret; 306 } 307 308 static int qmi_wwan_resume(struct usb_interface *intf) 309 { 310 struct usbnet *dev = usb_get_intfdata(intf); 311 struct qmi_wwan_state *info = (void *)&dev->data; 312 int ret = 0; 313 314 if (info->subdriver && info->subdriver->resume) 315 ret = info->subdriver->resume(intf); 316 if (ret < 0) 317 goto err; 318 ret = usbnet_resume(intf); 319 if (ret < 0 && info->subdriver && info->subdriver->resume && info->subdriver->suspend) 320 info->subdriver->suspend(intf, PMSG_SUSPEND); 321 err: 322 return ret; 323 } 324 325 static const struct driver_info qmi_wwan_info = { 326 .description = "WWAN/QMI device", 327 .flags = FLAG_WWAN, 328 .bind = qmi_wwan_bind, 329 .unbind = qmi_wwan_unbind, 330 .manage_power = qmi_wwan_manage_power, 331 }; 332 333 static const struct driver_info qmi_wwan_shared = { 334 .description = "WWAN/QMI device", 335 .flags = FLAG_WWAN, 336 .bind = qmi_wwan_bind_shared, 337 .unbind = qmi_wwan_unbind, 338 .manage_power = qmi_wwan_manage_power, 339 }; 340 341 #define HUAWEI_VENDOR_ID 0x12D1 342 343 /* map QMI/wwan function by a fixed interface number */ 344 #define QMI_FIXED_INTF(vend, prod, num) \ 345 USB_DEVICE_INTERFACE_NUMBER(vend, prod, num), \ 346 .driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_shared 347 348 /* Gobi 1000 QMI/wwan interface number is 3 according to qcserial */ 349 #define QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(vend, prod) \ 350 QMI_FIXED_INTF(vend, prod, 3) 351 352 /* Gobi 2000/3000 QMI/wwan interface number is 0 according to qcserial */ 353 #define QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(vend, prod) \ 354 QMI_FIXED_INTF(vend, prod, 0) 355 356 static const struct usb_device_id products[] = { 357 /* 1. CDC ECM like devices match on the control interface */ 358 { /* Huawei E392, E398 and possibly others sharing both device id and more... */ 359 USB_VENDOR_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(HUAWEI_VENDOR_ID, USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC, 1, 9), 360 .driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_info, 361 }, 362 { /* Vodafone/Huawei K5005 (12d1:14c8) and similar modems */ 363 USB_VENDOR_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(HUAWEI_VENDOR_ID, USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC, 1, 57), 364 .driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_info, 365 }, 366 367 /* 2. Combined interface devices matching on class+protocol */ 368 { /* Huawei E392, E398 and possibly others in "Windows mode" */ 369 USB_VENDOR_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(HUAWEI_VENDOR_ID, USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC, 1, 17), 370 .driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_shared, 371 }, 372 { /* Pantech UML290 */ 373 USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(0x106c, 0x3718, USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC, 0xf0, 0xff), 374 .driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_shared, 375 }, 376 { /* Pantech UML290 - newer firmware */ 377 USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(0x106c, 0x3718, USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC, 0xf1, 0xff), 378 .driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_shared, 379 }, 380 381 /* 3. Combined interface devices matching on interface number */ 382 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x0055, 1)}, /* ZTE (Vodafone) K3520-Z */ 383 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x0063, 4)}, /* ZTE (Vodafone) K3565-Z */ 384 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x0104, 4)}, /* ZTE (Vodafone) K4505-Z */ 385 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x0167, 4)}, /* ZTE MF820D */ 386 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x0326, 4)}, /* ZTE MF821D */ 387 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x1008, 4)}, /* ZTE (Vodafone) K3570-Z */ 388 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x1010, 4)}, /* ZTE (Vodafone) K3571-Z */ 389 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x1018, 3)}, /* ZTE (Vodafone) K5006-Z */ 390 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x1402, 2)}, /* ZTE MF60 */ 391 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x19d2, 0x2002, 4)}, /* ZTE (Vodafone) K3765-Z */ 392 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x0f3d, 0x68a2, 8)}, /* Sierra Wireless MC7700 */ 393 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x114f, 0x68a2, 8)}, /* Sierra Wireless MC7750 */ 394 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x1199, 0x68a2, 8)}, /* Sierra Wireless MC7710 in QMI mode */ 395 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x1199, 0x68a2, 19)}, /* Sierra Wireless MC7710 in QMI mode */ 396 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x1199, 0x901c, 8)}, /* Sierra Wireless EM7700 */ 397 398 /* 4. Gobi 1000 devices */ 399 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9212)}, /* Acer Gobi Modem Device */ 400 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x03f0, 0x1f1d)}, /* HP un2400 Gobi Modem Device */ 401 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x03f0, 0x371d)}, /* HP un2430 Mobile Broadband Module */ 402 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x04da, 0x250d)}, /* Panasonic Gobi Modem device */ 403 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x413c, 0x8172)}, /* Dell Gobi Modem device */ 404 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x1410, 0xa001)}, /* Novatel Gobi Modem device */ 405 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x0b05, 0x1776)}, /* Asus Gobi Modem device */ 406 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x19d2, 0xfff3)}, /* ONDA Gobi Modem device */ 407 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9001)}, /* Generic Gobi Modem device */ 408 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9002)}, /* Generic Gobi Modem device */ 409 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9202)}, /* Generic Gobi Modem device */ 410 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9203)}, /* Generic Gobi Modem device */ 411 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9222)}, /* Generic Gobi Modem device */ 412 {QMI_GOBI1K_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9009)}, /* Generic Gobi Modem device */ 413 414 /* 5. Gobi 2000 and 3000 devices */ 415 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x413c, 0x8186)}, /* Dell Gobi 2000 Modem device (N0218, VU936) */ 416 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x413c, 0x8194)}, /* Dell Gobi 3000 Composite */ 417 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x920b)}, /* Generic Gobi 2000 Modem device */ 418 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x920d)}, /* Gobi 3000 Composite */ 419 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9225)}, /* Sony Gobi 2000 Modem device (N0279, VU730) */ 420 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9245)}, /* Samsung Gobi 2000 Modem device (VL176) */ 421 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x03f0, 0x251d)}, /* HP Gobi 2000 Modem device (VP412) */ 422 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9215)}, /* Acer Gobi 2000 Modem device (VP413) */ 423 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9265)}, /* Asus Gobi 2000 Modem device (VR305) */ 424 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9235)}, /* Top Global Gobi 2000 Modem device (VR306) */ 425 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9275)}, /* iRex Technologies Gobi 2000 Modem device (VR307) */ 426 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x68a5)}, /* Sierra Wireless Modem */ 427 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x68a9)}, /* Sierra Wireless Modem */ 428 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9001)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 429 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9002)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 430 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9003)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 431 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9004)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 432 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9005)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 433 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9006)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 434 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9007)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 435 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9008)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 436 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9009)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 437 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x900a)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (VT773) */ 438 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9011)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 2000 Modem device (MC8305) */ 439 {QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x1199, 0x9011, 5)}, /* alternate interface number!? */ 440 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x16d8, 0x8002)}, /* CMDTech Gobi 2000 Modem device (VU922) */ 441 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x05c6, 0x9205)}, /* Gobi 2000 Modem device */ 442 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9013)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 3000 Modem device (MC8355) */ 443 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9015)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 3000 Modem device */ 444 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x9019)}, /* Sierra Wireless Gobi 3000 Modem device */ 445 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1199, 0x901b)}, /* Sierra Wireless MC7770 */ 446 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x12d1, 0x14f1)}, /* Sony Gobi 3000 Composite */ 447 {QMI_GOBI_DEVICE(0x1410, 0xa021)}, /* Foxconn Gobi 3000 Modem device (Novatel E396) */ 448 449 { } /* END */ 450 }; 451 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, products); 452 453 static int qmi_wwan_probe(struct usb_interface *intf, const struct usb_device_id *prod) 454 { 455 struct usb_device_id *id = (struct usb_device_id *)prod; 456 457 /* Workaround to enable dynamic IDs. This disables usbnet 458 * blacklisting functionality. Which, if required, can be 459 * reimplemented here by using a magic "blacklist" value 460 * instead of 0 in the static device id table 461 */ 462 if (!id->driver_info) { 463 dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "setting defaults for dynamic device id\n"); 464 id->driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_shared; 465 } 466 467 return usbnet_probe(intf, id); 468 } 469 470 static struct usb_driver qmi_wwan_driver = { 471 .name = "qmi_wwan", 472 .id_table = products, 473 .probe = qmi_wwan_probe, 474 .disconnect = usbnet_disconnect, 475 .suspend = qmi_wwan_suspend, 476 .resume = qmi_wwan_resume, 477 .reset_resume = qmi_wwan_resume, 478 .supports_autosuspend = 1, 479 .disable_hub_initiated_lpm = 1, 480 }; 481 482 module_usb_driver(qmi_wwan_driver); 483 484 MODULE_AUTHOR("Bjørn Mork <bjorn@mork.no>"); 485 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) WWAN driver"); 486 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); 487