xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/net/usb/ipheth.c (revision 6c870213d6f3a25981c10728f46294a3bed1703f)
1 /*
2  * ipheth.c - Apple iPhone USB Ethernet driver
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2009 Diego Giagio <diego@giagio.com>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of GIAGIO.COM nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * Alternatively, provided that this notice is retained in full, this
20  * software may be distributed under the terms of the GNU General
21  * Public License ("GPL") version 2, in which case the provisions of the
22  * GPL apply INSTEAD OF those given above.
23  *
24  * The provided data structures and external interfaces from this code
25  * are not restricted to be used by modules with a GPL compatible license.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
28  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
29  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
30  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
31  * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
32  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
33  * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
34  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
35  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
36  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
37  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
38  * DAMAGE.
39  *
40  *
41  * Attention: iPhone device must be paired, otherwise it won't respond to our
42  * driver. For more info: http://giagio.com/wiki/moin.cgi/iPhoneEthernetDriver
43  *
44  */
45 
46 #include <linux/kernel.h>
47 #include <linux/errno.h>
48 #include <linux/slab.h>
49 #include <linux/module.h>
50 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
51 #include <linux/etherdevice.h>
52 #include <linux/ethtool.h>
53 #include <linux/usb.h>
54 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
55 
56 #define USB_VENDOR_APPLE        0x05ac
57 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE      0x1290
58 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_3G   0x1292
59 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_3GS  0x1294
60 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_4	0x1297
61 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPAD 0x129a
62 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPAD_MINI    0x12ab
63 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_4_VZW 0x129c
64 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_4S	0x12a0
65 #define USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_5	0x12a8
66 
67 #define IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS    255
68 #define IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS 253
69 #define IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO    1
70 
71 #define IPHETH_BUF_SIZE         1516
72 #define IPHETH_IP_ALIGN		2	/* padding at front of URB */
73 #define IPHETH_TX_TIMEOUT       (5 * HZ)
74 
75 #define IPHETH_INTFNUM          2
76 #define IPHETH_ALT_INTFNUM      1
77 
78 #define IPHETH_CTRL_ENDP        0x00
79 #define IPHETH_CTRL_BUF_SIZE    0x40
80 #define IPHETH_CTRL_TIMEOUT     (5 * HZ)
81 
82 #define IPHETH_CMD_GET_MACADDR   0x00
83 #define IPHETH_CMD_CARRIER_CHECK 0x45
84 
85 #define IPHETH_CARRIER_CHECK_TIMEOUT round_jiffies_relative(1 * HZ)
86 #define IPHETH_CARRIER_ON       0x04
87 
88 static struct usb_device_id ipheth_table[] = {
89 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
90 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE,
91 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
92 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
93 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
94 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_3G,
95 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
96 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
97 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
98 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_3GS,
99 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
100 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
101 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
102 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_4,
103 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
104 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
105 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
106 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPAD,
107 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
108 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
109 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
110 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPAD_MINI,
111 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
112 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
113 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
114 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_4_VZW,
115 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
116 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
117 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
118 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_4S,
119 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
120 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
121 	{ USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(
122 		USB_VENDOR_APPLE, USB_PRODUCT_IPHONE_5,
123 		IPHETH_USBINTF_CLASS, IPHETH_USBINTF_SUBCLASS,
124 		IPHETH_USBINTF_PROTO) },
125 	{ }
126 };
127 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, ipheth_table);
128 
129 struct ipheth_device {
130 	struct usb_device *udev;
131 	struct usb_interface *intf;
132 	struct net_device *net;
133 	struct sk_buff *tx_skb;
134 	struct urb *tx_urb;
135 	struct urb *rx_urb;
136 	unsigned char *tx_buf;
137 	unsigned char *rx_buf;
138 	unsigned char *ctrl_buf;
139 	u8 bulk_in;
140 	u8 bulk_out;
141 	struct delayed_work carrier_work;
142 };
143 
144 static int ipheth_rx_submit(struct ipheth_device *dev, gfp_t mem_flags);
145 
146 static int ipheth_alloc_urbs(struct ipheth_device *iphone)
147 {
148 	struct urb *tx_urb = NULL;
149 	struct urb *rx_urb = NULL;
150 	u8 *tx_buf = NULL;
151 	u8 *rx_buf = NULL;
152 
153 	tx_urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
154 	if (tx_urb == NULL)
155 		goto error_nomem;
156 
157 	rx_urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
158 	if (rx_urb == NULL)
159 		goto free_tx_urb;
160 
161 	tx_buf = usb_alloc_coherent(iphone->udev, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE,
162 				    GFP_KERNEL, &tx_urb->transfer_dma);
163 	if (tx_buf == NULL)
164 		goto free_rx_urb;
165 
166 	rx_buf = usb_alloc_coherent(iphone->udev, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE,
167 				    GFP_KERNEL, &rx_urb->transfer_dma);
168 	if (rx_buf == NULL)
169 		goto free_tx_buf;
170 
171 
172 	iphone->tx_urb = tx_urb;
173 	iphone->rx_urb = rx_urb;
174 	iphone->tx_buf = tx_buf;
175 	iphone->rx_buf = rx_buf;
176 	return 0;
177 
178 free_tx_buf:
179 	usb_free_coherent(iphone->udev, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE, tx_buf,
180 			  tx_urb->transfer_dma);
181 free_rx_urb:
182 	usb_free_urb(rx_urb);
183 free_tx_urb:
184 	usb_free_urb(tx_urb);
185 error_nomem:
186 	return -ENOMEM;
187 }
188 
189 static void ipheth_free_urbs(struct ipheth_device *iphone)
190 {
191 	usb_free_coherent(iphone->udev, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE, iphone->rx_buf,
192 			  iphone->rx_urb->transfer_dma);
193 	usb_free_coherent(iphone->udev, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE, iphone->tx_buf,
194 			  iphone->tx_urb->transfer_dma);
195 	usb_free_urb(iphone->rx_urb);
196 	usb_free_urb(iphone->tx_urb);
197 }
198 
199 static void ipheth_kill_urbs(struct ipheth_device *dev)
200 {
201 	usb_kill_urb(dev->tx_urb);
202 	usb_kill_urb(dev->rx_urb);
203 }
204 
205 static void ipheth_rcvbulk_callback(struct urb *urb)
206 {
207 	struct ipheth_device *dev;
208 	struct sk_buff *skb;
209 	int status;
210 	char *buf;
211 	int len;
212 
213 	dev = urb->context;
214 	if (dev == NULL)
215 		return;
216 
217 	status = urb->status;
218 	switch (status) {
219 	case -ENOENT:
220 	case -ECONNRESET:
221 	case -ESHUTDOWN:
222 		return;
223 	case 0:
224 		break;
225 	default:
226 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: urb status: %d\n",
227 			__func__, status);
228 		return;
229 	}
230 
231 	if (urb->actual_length <= IPHETH_IP_ALIGN) {
232 		dev->net->stats.rx_length_errors++;
233 		return;
234 	}
235 	len = urb->actual_length - IPHETH_IP_ALIGN;
236 	buf = urb->transfer_buffer + IPHETH_IP_ALIGN;
237 
238 	skb = dev_alloc_skb(len);
239 	if (!skb) {
240 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: dev_alloc_skb: -ENOMEM\n",
241 			__func__);
242 		dev->net->stats.rx_dropped++;
243 		return;
244 	}
245 
246 	memcpy(skb_put(skb, len), buf, len);
247 	skb->dev = dev->net;
248 	skb->protocol = eth_type_trans(skb, dev->net);
249 
250 	dev->net->stats.rx_packets++;
251 	dev->net->stats.rx_bytes += len;
252 
253 	netif_rx(skb);
254 	ipheth_rx_submit(dev, GFP_ATOMIC);
255 }
256 
257 static void ipheth_sndbulk_callback(struct urb *urb)
258 {
259 	struct ipheth_device *dev;
260 	int status = urb->status;
261 
262 	dev = urb->context;
263 	if (dev == NULL)
264 		return;
265 
266 	if (status != 0 &&
267 	    status != -ENOENT &&
268 	    status != -ECONNRESET &&
269 	    status != -ESHUTDOWN)
270 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: urb status: %d\n",
271 		__func__, status);
272 
273 	dev_kfree_skb_irq(dev->tx_skb);
274 	netif_wake_queue(dev->net);
275 }
276 
277 static int ipheth_carrier_set(struct ipheth_device *dev)
278 {
279 	struct usb_device *udev = dev->udev;
280 	int retval;
281 
282 	retval = usb_control_msg(udev,
283 			usb_rcvctrlpipe(udev, IPHETH_CTRL_ENDP),
284 			IPHETH_CMD_CARRIER_CHECK, /* request */
285 			0xc0, /* request type */
286 			0x00, /* value */
287 			0x02, /* index */
288 			dev->ctrl_buf, IPHETH_CTRL_BUF_SIZE,
289 			IPHETH_CTRL_TIMEOUT);
290 	if (retval < 0) {
291 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: usb_control_msg: %d\n",
292 			__func__, retval);
293 		return retval;
294 	}
295 
296 	if (dev->ctrl_buf[0] == IPHETH_CARRIER_ON)
297 		netif_carrier_on(dev->net);
298 	else
299 		netif_carrier_off(dev->net);
300 
301 	return 0;
302 }
303 
304 static void ipheth_carrier_check_work(struct work_struct *work)
305 {
306 	struct ipheth_device *dev = container_of(work, struct ipheth_device,
307 						 carrier_work.work);
308 
309 	ipheth_carrier_set(dev);
310 	schedule_delayed_work(&dev->carrier_work, IPHETH_CARRIER_CHECK_TIMEOUT);
311 }
312 
313 static int ipheth_get_macaddr(struct ipheth_device *dev)
314 {
315 	struct usb_device *udev = dev->udev;
316 	struct net_device *net = dev->net;
317 	int retval;
318 
319 	retval = usb_control_msg(udev,
320 				 usb_rcvctrlpipe(udev, IPHETH_CTRL_ENDP),
321 				 IPHETH_CMD_GET_MACADDR, /* request */
322 				 0xc0, /* request type */
323 				 0x00, /* value */
324 				 0x02, /* index */
325 				 dev->ctrl_buf,
326 				 IPHETH_CTRL_BUF_SIZE,
327 				 IPHETH_CTRL_TIMEOUT);
328 	if (retval < 0) {
329 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: usb_control_msg: %d\n",
330 			__func__, retval);
331 	} else if (retval < ETH_ALEN) {
332 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev,
333 			"%s: usb_control_msg: short packet: %d bytes\n",
334 			__func__, retval);
335 		retval = -EINVAL;
336 	} else {
337 		memcpy(net->dev_addr, dev->ctrl_buf, ETH_ALEN);
338 		retval = 0;
339 	}
340 
341 	return retval;
342 }
343 
344 static int ipheth_rx_submit(struct ipheth_device *dev, gfp_t mem_flags)
345 {
346 	struct usb_device *udev = dev->udev;
347 	int retval;
348 
349 	usb_fill_bulk_urb(dev->rx_urb, udev,
350 			  usb_rcvbulkpipe(udev, dev->bulk_in),
351 			  dev->rx_buf, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE,
352 			  ipheth_rcvbulk_callback,
353 			  dev);
354 	dev->rx_urb->transfer_flags |= URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
355 
356 	retval = usb_submit_urb(dev->rx_urb, mem_flags);
357 	if (retval)
358 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: usb_submit_urb: %d\n",
359 			__func__, retval);
360 	return retval;
361 }
362 
363 static int ipheth_open(struct net_device *net)
364 {
365 	struct ipheth_device *dev = netdev_priv(net);
366 	struct usb_device *udev = dev->udev;
367 	int retval = 0;
368 
369 	usb_set_interface(udev, IPHETH_INTFNUM, IPHETH_ALT_INTFNUM);
370 
371 	retval = ipheth_carrier_set(dev);
372 	if (retval)
373 		return retval;
374 
375 	retval = ipheth_rx_submit(dev, GFP_KERNEL);
376 	if (retval)
377 		return retval;
378 
379 	schedule_delayed_work(&dev->carrier_work, IPHETH_CARRIER_CHECK_TIMEOUT);
380 	netif_start_queue(net);
381 	return retval;
382 }
383 
384 static int ipheth_close(struct net_device *net)
385 {
386 	struct ipheth_device *dev = netdev_priv(net);
387 
388 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&dev->carrier_work);
389 	netif_stop_queue(net);
390 	return 0;
391 }
392 
393 static int ipheth_tx(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *net)
394 {
395 	struct ipheth_device *dev = netdev_priv(net);
396 	struct usb_device *udev = dev->udev;
397 	int retval;
398 
399 	/* Paranoid */
400 	if (skb->len > IPHETH_BUF_SIZE) {
401 		WARN(1, "%s: skb too large: %d bytes\n", __func__, skb->len);
402 		dev->net->stats.tx_dropped++;
403 		dev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);
404 		return NETDEV_TX_OK;
405 	}
406 
407 	memcpy(dev->tx_buf, skb->data, skb->len);
408 	if (skb->len < IPHETH_BUF_SIZE)
409 		memset(dev->tx_buf + skb->len, 0, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE - skb->len);
410 
411 	usb_fill_bulk_urb(dev->tx_urb, udev,
412 			  usb_sndbulkpipe(udev, dev->bulk_out),
413 			  dev->tx_buf, IPHETH_BUF_SIZE,
414 			  ipheth_sndbulk_callback,
415 			  dev);
416 	dev->tx_urb->transfer_flags |= URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
417 
418 	retval = usb_submit_urb(dev->tx_urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
419 	if (retval) {
420 		dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: usb_submit_urb: %d\n",
421 			__func__, retval);
422 		dev->net->stats.tx_errors++;
423 		dev_kfree_skb_irq(skb);
424 	} else {
425 		dev->tx_skb = skb;
426 
427 		dev->net->stats.tx_packets++;
428 		dev->net->stats.tx_bytes += skb->len;
429 		netif_stop_queue(net);
430 	}
431 
432 	return NETDEV_TX_OK;
433 }
434 
435 static void ipheth_tx_timeout(struct net_device *net)
436 {
437 	struct ipheth_device *dev = netdev_priv(net);
438 
439 	dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "%s: TX timeout\n", __func__);
440 	dev->net->stats.tx_errors++;
441 	usb_unlink_urb(dev->tx_urb);
442 }
443 
444 static u32 ipheth_ethtool_op_get_link(struct net_device *net)
445 {
446 	struct ipheth_device *dev = netdev_priv(net);
447 	return netif_carrier_ok(dev->net);
448 }
449 
450 static const struct ethtool_ops ops = {
451 	.get_link = ipheth_ethtool_op_get_link
452 };
453 
454 static const struct net_device_ops ipheth_netdev_ops = {
455 	.ndo_open = ipheth_open,
456 	.ndo_stop = ipheth_close,
457 	.ndo_start_xmit = ipheth_tx,
458 	.ndo_tx_timeout = ipheth_tx_timeout,
459 };
460 
461 static int ipheth_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
462 			const struct usb_device_id *id)
463 {
464 	struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
465 	struct usb_host_interface *hintf;
466 	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *endp;
467 	struct ipheth_device *dev;
468 	struct net_device *netdev;
469 	int i;
470 	int retval;
471 
472 	netdev = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(struct ipheth_device));
473 	if (!netdev)
474 		return -ENOMEM;
475 
476 	netdev->netdev_ops = &ipheth_netdev_ops;
477 	netdev->watchdog_timeo = IPHETH_TX_TIMEOUT;
478 	strcpy(netdev->name, "eth%d");
479 
480 	dev = netdev_priv(netdev);
481 	dev->udev = udev;
482 	dev->net = netdev;
483 	dev->intf = intf;
484 
485 	/* Set up endpoints */
486 	hintf = usb_altnum_to_altsetting(intf, IPHETH_ALT_INTFNUM);
487 	if (hintf == NULL) {
488 		retval = -ENODEV;
489 		dev_err(&intf->dev, "Unable to find alternate settings interface\n");
490 		goto err_endpoints;
491 	}
492 
493 	for (i = 0; i < hintf->desc.bNumEndpoints; i++) {
494 		endp = &hintf->endpoint[i].desc;
495 		if (usb_endpoint_is_bulk_in(endp))
496 			dev->bulk_in = endp->bEndpointAddress;
497 		else if (usb_endpoint_is_bulk_out(endp))
498 			dev->bulk_out = endp->bEndpointAddress;
499 	}
500 	if (!(dev->bulk_in && dev->bulk_out)) {
501 		retval = -ENODEV;
502 		dev_err(&intf->dev, "Unable to find endpoints\n");
503 		goto err_endpoints;
504 	}
505 
506 	dev->ctrl_buf = kmalloc(IPHETH_CTRL_BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
507 	if (dev->ctrl_buf == NULL) {
508 		retval = -ENOMEM;
509 		goto err_alloc_ctrl_buf;
510 	}
511 
512 	retval = ipheth_get_macaddr(dev);
513 	if (retval)
514 		goto err_get_macaddr;
515 
516 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&dev->carrier_work, ipheth_carrier_check_work);
517 
518 	retval = ipheth_alloc_urbs(dev);
519 	if (retval) {
520 		dev_err(&intf->dev, "error allocating urbs: %d\n", retval);
521 		goto err_alloc_urbs;
522 	}
523 
524 	usb_set_intfdata(intf, dev);
525 
526 	SET_NETDEV_DEV(netdev, &intf->dev);
527 	SET_ETHTOOL_OPS(netdev, &ops);
528 
529 	retval = register_netdev(netdev);
530 	if (retval) {
531 		dev_err(&intf->dev, "error registering netdev: %d\n", retval);
532 		retval = -EIO;
533 		goto err_register_netdev;
534 	}
535 
536 	dev_info(&intf->dev, "Apple iPhone USB Ethernet device attached\n");
537 	return 0;
538 
539 err_register_netdev:
540 	ipheth_free_urbs(dev);
541 err_alloc_urbs:
542 err_get_macaddr:
543 err_alloc_ctrl_buf:
544 	kfree(dev->ctrl_buf);
545 err_endpoints:
546 	free_netdev(netdev);
547 	return retval;
548 }
549 
550 static void ipheth_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
551 {
552 	struct ipheth_device *dev;
553 
554 	dev = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
555 	if (dev != NULL) {
556 		unregister_netdev(dev->net);
557 		ipheth_kill_urbs(dev);
558 		ipheth_free_urbs(dev);
559 		kfree(dev->ctrl_buf);
560 		free_netdev(dev->net);
561 	}
562 	usb_set_intfdata(intf, NULL);
563 	dev_info(&intf->dev, "Apple iPhone USB Ethernet now disconnected\n");
564 }
565 
566 static struct usb_driver ipheth_driver = {
567 	.name =		"ipheth",
568 	.probe =	ipheth_probe,
569 	.disconnect =	ipheth_disconnect,
570 	.id_table =	ipheth_table,
571 	.disable_hub_initiated_lpm = 1,
572 };
573 
574 module_usb_driver(ipheth_driver);
575 
576 MODULE_AUTHOR("Diego Giagio <diego@giagio.com>");
577 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Apple iPhone USB Ethernet driver");
578 MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
579