1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) International Business Machines Corp., 2006 3 * Copyright (c) Nokia Corporation, 2006, 2007 4 * 5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 8 * (at your option) any later version. 9 * 10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See 13 * the GNU General Public License for more details. 14 * 15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA 18 * 19 * Author: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём) 20 */ 21 22 #ifndef __UBI_UBI_H__ 23 #define __UBI_UBI_H__ 24 25 #include <linux/init.h> 26 #include <linux/types.h> 27 #include <linux/list.h> 28 #include <linux/rbtree.h> 29 #include <linux/sched.h> 30 #include <linux/wait.h> 31 #include <linux/mutex.h> 32 #include <linux/rwsem.h> 33 #include <linux/spinlock.h> 34 #include <linux/fs.h> 35 #include <linux/cdev.h> 36 #include <linux/device.h> 37 #include <linux/string.h> 38 #include <linux/vmalloc.h> 39 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h> 40 41 #include <mtd/ubi-header.h> 42 #include <linux/mtd/ubi.h> 43 44 #include "scan.h" 45 #include "debug.h" 46 47 /* Maximum number of supported UBI devices */ 48 #define UBI_MAX_DEVICES 32 49 50 /* UBI name used for character devices, sysfs, etc */ 51 #define UBI_NAME_STR "ubi" 52 53 /* Normal UBI messages */ 54 #define ubi_msg(fmt, ...) printk(KERN_NOTICE "UBI: " fmt "\n", ##__VA_ARGS__) 55 /* UBI warning messages */ 56 #define ubi_warn(fmt, ...) printk(KERN_WARNING "UBI warning: %s: " fmt "\n", \ 57 __FUNCTION__, ##__VA_ARGS__) 58 /* UBI error messages */ 59 #define ubi_err(fmt, ...) printk(KERN_ERR "UBI error: %s: " fmt "\n", \ 60 __FUNCTION__, ##__VA_ARGS__) 61 62 /* Lowest number PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling */ 63 #define MIN_RESEVED_PEBS 2 64 65 /* Background thread name pattern */ 66 #define UBI_BGT_NAME_PATTERN "ubi_bgt%dd" 67 68 /* This marker in the EBA table means that the LEB is um-mapped */ 69 #define UBI_LEB_UNMAPPED -1 70 71 /* 72 * In case of errors, UBI tries to repeat the operation several times before 73 * returning error. The below constant defines how many times UBI re-tries. 74 */ 75 #define UBI_IO_RETRIES 3 76 77 /* 78 * Error codes returned by the I/O unit. 79 * 80 * UBI_IO_PEB_EMPTY: the physical eraseblock is empty, i.e. it contains only 81 * 0xFF bytes 82 * UBI_IO_PEB_FREE: the physical eraseblock is free, i.e. it contains only a 83 * valid erase counter header, and the rest are %0xFF bytes 84 * UBI_IO_BAD_EC_HDR: the erase counter header is corrupted (bad magic or CRC) 85 * UBI_IO_BAD_VID_HDR: the volume identifier header is corrupted (bad magic or 86 * CRC) 87 * UBI_IO_BITFLIPS: bit-flips were detected and corrected 88 */ 89 enum { 90 UBI_IO_PEB_EMPTY = 1, 91 UBI_IO_PEB_FREE, 92 UBI_IO_BAD_EC_HDR, 93 UBI_IO_BAD_VID_HDR, 94 UBI_IO_BITFLIPS 95 }; 96 97 extern int ubi_devices_cnt; 98 extern struct ubi_device *ubi_devices[]; 99 100 struct ubi_volume_desc; 101 102 /** 103 * struct ubi_volume - UBI volume description data structure. 104 * @dev: device object to make use of the the Linux device model 105 * @cdev: character device object to create character device 106 * @ubi: reference to the UBI device description object 107 * @vol_id: volume ID 108 * @readers: number of users holding this volume in read-only mode 109 * @writers: number of users holding this volume in read-write mode 110 * @exclusive: whether somebody holds this volume in exclusive mode 111 * @removed: if the volume was removed 112 * @checked: if this static volume was checked 113 * 114 * @reserved_pebs: how many physical eraseblocks are reserved for this volume 115 * @vol_type: volume type (%UBI_DYNAMIC_VOLUME or %UBI_STATIC_VOLUME) 116 * @usable_leb_size: logical eraseblock size without padding 117 * @used_ebs: how many logical eraseblocks in this volume contain data 118 * @last_eb_bytes: how many bytes are stored in the last logical eraseblock 119 * @used_bytes: how many bytes of data this volume contains 120 * @upd_marker: non-zero if the update marker is set for this volume 121 * @corrupted: non-zero if the volume is corrupted (static volumes only) 122 * @alignment: volume alignment 123 * @data_pad: how many bytes are not used at the end of physical eraseblocks to 124 * satisfy the requested alignment 125 * @name_len: volume name length 126 * @name: volume name 127 * 128 * @updating: whether the volume is being updated 129 * @upd_ebs: how many eraseblocks are expected to be updated 130 * @upd_bytes: how many bytes are expected to be received 131 * @upd_received: how many update bytes were already received 132 * @upd_buf: update buffer which is used to collect update data 133 * 134 * @eba_tbl: EBA table of this volume (LEB->PEB mapping) 135 * 136 * @gluebi_desc: gluebi UBI volume descriptor 137 * @gluebi_refcount: reference count of the gluebi MTD device 138 * @gluebi_mtd: MTD device description object of the gluebi MTD device 139 * 140 * The @corrupted field indicates that the volume's contents is corrupted. 141 * Since UBI protects only static volumes, this field is not relevant to 142 * dynamic volumes - it is user's responsibility to assure their data 143 * integrity. 144 * 145 * The @upd_marker flag indicates that this volume is either being updated at 146 * the moment or is damaged because of an unclean reboot. 147 */ 148 struct ubi_volume { 149 struct device dev; 150 struct cdev cdev; 151 struct ubi_device *ubi; 152 int vol_id; 153 int readers; 154 int writers; 155 int exclusive; 156 int removed; 157 int checked; 158 159 int reserved_pebs; 160 int vol_type; 161 int usable_leb_size; 162 int used_ebs; 163 int last_eb_bytes; 164 long long used_bytes; 165 int upd_marker; 166 int corrupted; 167 int alignment; 168 int data_pad; 169 int name_len; 170 char name[UBI_VOL_NAME_MAX+1]; 171 172 int updating; 173 int upd_ebs; 174 long long upd_bytes; 175 long long upd_received; 176 void *upd_buf; 177 178 int *eba_tbl; 179 180 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_UBI_GLUEBI 181 /* Gluebi-related stuff may be compiled out */ 182 struct ubi_volume_desc *gluebi_desc; 183 int gluebi_refcount; 184 struct mtd_info gluebi_mtd; 185 #endif 186 }; 187 188 /** 189 * struct ubi_volume_desc - descriptor of the UBI volume returned when it is 190 * opened. 191 * @vol: reference to the corresponding volume description object 192 * @mode: open mode (%UBI_READONLY, %UBI_READWRITE, or %UBI_EXCLUSIVE) 193 */ 194 struct ubi_volume_desc { 195 struct ubi_volume *vol; 196 int mode; 197 }; 198 199 struct ubi_wl_entry; 200 201 /** 202 * struct ubi_device - UBI device description structure 203 * @dev: class device object to use the the Linux device model 204 * @cdev: character device object to create character device 205 * @ubi_num: UBI device number 206 * @ubi_name: UBI device name 207 * @major: character device major number 208 * @vol_count: number of volumes in this UBI device 209 * @volumes: volumes of this UBI device 210 * @volumes_lock: protects @volumes, @rsvd_pebs, @avail_pebs, beb_rsvd_pebs, 211 * @beb_rsvd_level, @bad_peb_count, @good_peb_count, @vol_count, @vol->readers, 212 * @vol->writers, @vol->exclusive, @vol->removed, @vol->mapping and 213 * @vol->eba_tbl. 214 * 215 * @rsvd_pebs: count of reserved physical eraseblocks 216 * @avail_pebs: count of available physical eraseblocks 217 * @beb_rsvd_pebs: how many physical eraseblocks are reserved for bad PEB 218 * handling 219 * @beb_rsvd_level: normal level of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling 220 * 221 * @vtbl_slots: how many slots are available in the volume table 222 * @vtbl_size: size of the volume table in bytes 223 * @vtbl: in-RAM volume table copy 224 * @vtbl_mutex: protects on-flash volume table 225 * 226 * @max_ec: current highest erase counter value 227 * @mean_ec: current mean erase counter value 228 * 229 * @global_sqnum: global sequence number 230 * @ltree_lock: protects the lock tree and @global_sqnum 231 * @ltree: the lock tree 232 * @alc_mutex: serializes "atomic LEB change" operations 233 * 234 * @used: RB-tree of used physical eraseblocks 235 * @free: RB-tree of free physical eraseblocks 236 * @scrub: RB-tree of physical eraseblocks which need scrubbing 237 * @prot: protection trees 238 * @prot.pnum: protection tree indexed by physical eraseblock numbers 239 * @prot.aec: protection tree indexed by absolute erase counter value 240 * @wl_lock: protects the @used, @free, @prot, @lookuptbl, @abs_ec, @move_from, 241 * @move_to, @move_to_put @erase_pending, @wl_scheduled, and @works 242 * fields 243 * @wl_scheduled: non-zero if the wear-leveling was scheduled 244 * @lookuptbl: a table to quickly find a &struct ubi_wl_entry object for any 245 * physical eraseblock 246 * @abs_ec: absolute erase counter 247 * @move_from: physical eraseblock from where the data is being moved 248 * @move_to: physical eraseblock where the data is being moved to 249 * @move_from_put: if the "from" PEB was put 250 * @move_to_put: if the "to" PEB was put 251 * @works: list of pending works 252 * @works_count: count of pending works 253 * @bgt_thread: background thread description object 254 * @thread_enabled: if the background thread is enabled 255 * @bgt_name: background thread name 256 * 257 * @flash_size: underlying MTD device size (in bytes) 258 * @peb_count: count of physical eraseblocks on the MTD device 259 * @peb_size: physical eraseblock size 260 * @bad_peb_count: count of bad physical eraseblocks 261 * @good_peb_count: count of good physical eraseblocks 262 * @min_io_size: minimal input/output unit size of the underlying MTD device 263 * @hdrs_min_io_size: minimal I/O unit size used for VID and EC headers 264 * @ro_mode: if the UBI device is in read-only mode 265 * @leb_size: logical eraseblock size 266 * @leb_start: starting offset of logical eraseblocks within physical 267 * eraseblocks 268 * @ec_hdr_alsize: size of the EC header aligned to @hdrs_min_io_size 269 * @vid_hdr_alsize: size of the VID header aligned to @hdrs_min_io_size 270 * @vid_hdr_offset: starting offset of the volume identifier header (might be 271 * unaligned) 272 * @vid_hdr_aloffset: starting offset of the VID header aligned to 273 * @hdrs_min_io_size 274 * @vid_hdr_shift: contains @vid_hdr_offset - @vid_hdr_aloffset 275 * @bad_allowed: whether the MTD device admits of bad physical eraseblocks or 276 * not 277 * @mtd: MTD device descriptor 278 * 279 * @peb_buf1: a buffer of PEB size used for different purposes 280 * @peb_buf2: another buffer of PEB size used for different purposes 281 * @buf_mutex: proptects @peb_buf1 and @peb_buf2 282 * @dbg_peb_buf: buffer of PEB size used for debugging 283 * @dbg_buf_mutex: proptects @dbg_peb_buf 284 */ 285 struct ubi_device { 286 struct cdev cdev; 287 struct device dev; 288 int ubi_num; 289 char ubi_name[sizeof(UBI_NAME_STR)+5]; 290 int major; 291 int vol_count; 292 struct ubi_volume *volumes[UBI_MAX_VOLUMES+UBI_INT_VOL_COUNT]; 293 spinlock_t volumes_lock; 294 295 int rsvd_pebs; 296 int avail_pebs; 297 int beb_rsvd_pebs; 298 int beb_rsvd_level; 299 300 int vtbl_slots; 301 int vtbl_size; 302 struct ubi_vtbl_record *vtbl; 303 struct mutex vtbl_mutex; 304 305 int max_ec; 306 int mean_ec; 307 308 /* EBA unit's stuff */ 309 unsigned long long global_sqnum; 310 spinlock_t ltree_lock; 311 struct rb_root ltree; 312 struct mutex alc_mutex; 313 314 /* Wear-leveling unit's stuff */ 315 struct rb_root used; 316 struct rb_root free; 317 struct rb_root scrub; 318 struct { 319 struct rb_root pnum; 320 struct rb_root aec; 321 } prot; 322 spinlock_t wl_lock; 323 int wl_scheduled; 324 struct ubi_wl_entry **lookuptbl; 325 unsigned long long abs_ec; 326 struct ubi_wl_entry *move_from; 327 struct ubi_wl_entry *move_to; 328 int move_from_put; 329 int move_to_put; 330 struct list_head works; 331 int works_count; 332 struct task_struct *bgt_thread; 333 int thread_enabled; 334 char bgt_name[sizeof(UBI_BGT_NAME_PATTERN)+2]; 335 336 /* I/O unit's stuff */ 337 long long flash_size; 338 int peb_count; 339 int peb_size; 340 int bad_peb_count; 341 int good_peb_count; 342 int min_io_size; 343 int hdrs_min_io_size; 344 int ro_mode; 345 int leb_size; 346 int leb_start; 347 int ec_hdr_alsize; 348 int vid_hdr_alsize; 349 int vid_hdr_offset; 350 int vid_hdr_aloffset; 351 int vid_hdr_shift; 352 int bad_allowed; 353 struct mtd_info *mtd; 354 355 void *peb_buf1; 356 void *peb_buf2; 357 struct mutex buf_mutex; 358 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_UBI_DEBUG 359 void *dbg_peb_buf; 360 struct mutex dbg_buf_mutex; 361 #endif 362 }; 363 364 extern struct file_operations ubi_cdev_operations; 365 extern struct file_operations ubi_vol_cdev_operations; 366 extern struct class *ubi_class; 367 368 /* vtbl.c */ 369 int ubi_change_vtbl_record(struct ubi_device *ubi, int idx, 370 struct ubi_vtbl_record *vtbl_rec); 371 int ubi_read_volume_table(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_scan_info *si); 372 373 /* vmt.c */ 374 int ubi_create_volume(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_mkvol_req *req); 375 int ubi_remove_volume(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc); 376 int ubi_resize_volume(struct ubi_volume_desc *desc, int reserved_pebs); 377 int ubi_add_volume(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id); 378 void ubi_free_volume(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id); 379 380 /* upd.c */ 381 int ubi_start_update(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id, long long bytes); 382 int ubi_more_update_data(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id, 383 const void __user *buf, int count); 384 385 /* misc.c */ 386 int ubi_calc_data_len(const struct ubi_device *ubi, const void *buf, int length); 387 int ubi_check_volume(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id); 388 void ubi_calculate_reserved(struct ubi_device *ubi); 389 390 /* gluebi.c */ 391 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_UBI_GLUEBI 392 int ubi_create_gluebi(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_volume *vol); 393 int ubi_destroy_gluebi(struct ubi_volume *vol); 394 void ubi_gluebi_updated(struct ubi_volume *vol); 395 #else 396 #define ubi_create_gluebi(ubi, vol) 0 397 #define ubi_destroy_gluebi(vol) 0 398 #define ubi_gluebi_updated(vol) 399 #endif 400 401 /* eba.c */ 402 int ubi_eba_unmap_leb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id, int lnum); 403 int ubi_eba_read_leb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id, int lnum, void *buf, 404 int offset, int len, int check); 405 int ubi_eba_write_leb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id, int lnum, 406 const void *buf, int offset, int len, int dtype); 407 int ubi_eba_write_leb_st(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id, int lnum, 408 const void *buf, int len, int dtype, 409 int used_ebs); 410 int ubi_eba_atomic_leb_change(struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id, int lnum, 411 const void *buf, int len, int dtype); 412 int ubi_eba_copy_leb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int from, int to, 413 struct ubi_vid_hdr *vid_hdr); 414 int ubi_eba_init_scan(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_scan_info *si); 415 void ubi_eba_close(const struct ubi_device *ubi); 416 417 /* wl.c */ 418 int ubi_wl_get_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int dtype); 419 int ubi_wl_put_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, int torture); 420 int ubi_wl_flush(struct ubi_device *ubi); 421 int ubi_wl_scrub_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum); 422 int ubi_wl_init_scan(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_scan_info *si); 423 void ubi_wl_close(struct ubi_device *ubi); 424 425 /* io.c */ 426 int ubi_io_read(const struct ubi_device *ubi, void *buf, int pnum, int offset, 427 int len); 428 int ubi_io_write(struct ubi_device *ubi, const void *buf, int pnum, int offset, 429 int len); 430 int ubi_io_sync_erase(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, int torture); 431 int ubi_io_is_bad(const struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum); 432 int ubi_io_mark_bad(const struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum); 433 int ubi_io_read_ec_hdr(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, 434 struct ubi_ec_hdr *ec_hdr, int verbose); 435 int ubi_io_write_ec_hdr(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, 436 struct ubi_ec_hdr *ec_hdr); 437 int ubi_io_read_vid_hdr(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, 438 struct ubi_vid_hdr *vid_hdr, int verbose); 439 int ubi_io_write_vid_hdr(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, 440 struct ubi_vid_hdr *vid_hdr); 441 442 /* 443 * ubi_rb_for_each_entry - walk an RB-tree. 444 * @rb: a pointer to type 'struct rb_node' to to use as a loop counter 445 * @pos: a pointer to RB-tree entry type to use as a loop counter 446 * @root: RB-tree's root 447 * @member: the name of the 'struct rb_node' within the RB-tree entry 448 */ 449 #define ubi_rb_for_each_entry(rb, pos, root, member) \ 450 for (rb = rb_first(root), \ 451 pos = (rb ? container_of(rb, typeof(*pos), member) : NULL); \ 452 rb; \ 453 rb = rb_next(rb), pos = container_of(rb, typeof(*pos), member)) 454 455 /** 456 * ubi_zalloc_vid_hdr - allocate a volume identifier header object. 457 * @ubi: UBI device description object 458 * @gfp_flags: GFP flags to allocate with 459 * 460 * This function returns a pointer to the newly allocated and zero-filled 461 * volume identifier header object in case of success and %NULL in case of 462 * failure. 463 */ 464 static inline struct ubi_vid_hdr * 465 ubi_zalloc_vid_hdr(const struct ubi_device *ubi, gfp_t gfp_flags) 466 { 467 void *vid_hdr; 468 469 vid_hdr = kzalloc(ubi->vid_hdr_alsize, gfp_flags); 470 if (!vid_hdr) 471 return NULL; 472 473 /* 474 * VID headers may be stored at un-aligned flash offsets, so we shift 475 * the pointer. 476 */ 477 return vid_hdr + ubi->vid_hdr_shift; 478 } 479 480 /** 481 * ubi_free_vid_hdr - free a volume identifier header object. 482 * @ubi: UBI device description object 483 * @vid_hdr: the object to free 484 */ 485 static inline void ubi_free_vid_hdr(const struct ubi_device *ubi, 486 struct ubi_vid_hdr *vid_hdr) 487 { 488 void *p = vid_hdr; 489 490 if (!p) 491 return; 492 493 kfree(p - ubi->vid_hdr_shift); 494 } 495 496 /* 497 * This function is equivalent to 'ubi_io_read()', but @offset is relative to 498 * the beginning of the logical eraseblock, not to the beginning of the 499 * physical eraseblock. 500 */ 501 static inline int ubi_io_read_data(const struct ubi_device *ubi, void *buf, 502 int pnum, int offset, int len) 503 { 504 ubi_assert(offset >= 0); 505 return ubi_io_read(ubi, buf, pnum, offset + ubi->leb_start, len); 506 } 507 508 /* 509 * This function is equivalent to 'ubi_io_write()', but @offset is relative to 510 * the beginning of the logical eraseblock, not to the beginning of the 511 * physical eraseblock. 512 */ 513 static inline int ubi_io_write_data(struct ubi_device *ubi, const void *buf, 514 int pnum, int offset, int len) 515 { 516 ubi_assert(offset >= 0); 517 return ubi_io_write(ubi, buf, pnum, offset + ubi->leb_start, len); 518 } 519 520 /** 521 * ubi_ro_mode - switch to read-only mode. 522 * @ubi: UBI device description object 523 */ 524 static inline void ubi_ro_mode(struct ubi_device *ubi) 525 { 526 ubi->ro_mode = 1; 527 ubi_warn("switch to read-only mode"); 528 } 529 530 /** 531 * vol_id2idx - get table index by volume ID. 532 * @ubi: UBI device description object 533 * @vol_id: volume ID 534 */ 535 static inline int vol_id2idx(const struct ubi_device *ubi, int vol_id) 536 { 537 if (vol_id >= UBI_INTERNAL_VOL_START) 538 return vol_id - UBI_INTERNAL_VOL_START + ubi->vtbl_slots; 539 else 540 return vol_id; 541 } 542 543 /** 544 * idx2vol_id - get volume ID by table index. 545 * @ubi: UBI device description object 546 * @idx: table index 547 */ 548 static inline int idx2vol_id(const struct ubi_device *ubi, int idx) 549 { 550 if (idx >= ubi->vtbl_slots) 551 return idx - ubi->vtbl_slots + UBI_INTERNAL_VOL_START; 552 else 553 return idx; 554 } 555 556 #endif /* !__UBI_UBI_H__ */ 557