xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/mtd/ubi/fastmap-wl.c (revision 0a0dc483)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2012 Linutronix GmbH
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 sigma star gmbh
5  * Author: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
6  */
7 
8 /**
9  * update_fastmap_work_fn - calls ubi_update_fastmap from a work queue
10  * @wrk: the work description object
11  */
12 static void update_fastmap_work_fn(struct work_struct *wrk)
13 {
14 	struct ubi_device *ubi = container_of(wrk, struct ubi_device, fm_work);
15 
16 	ubi_update_fastmap(ubi);
17 	spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
18 	ubi->fm_work_scheduled = 0;
19 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
20 }
21 
22 /**
23  * find_anchor_wl_entry - find wear-leveling entry to used as anchor PEB.
24  * @root: the RB-tree where to look for
25  */
26 static struct ubi_wl_entry *find_anchor_wl_entry(struct rb_root *root)
27 {
28 	struct rb_node *p;
29 	struct ubi_wl_entry *e, *victim = NULL;
30 	int max_ec = UBI_MAX_ERASECOUNTER;
31 
32 	ubi_rb_for_each_entry(p, e, root, u.rb) {
33 		if (e->pnum < UBI_FM_MAX_START && e->ec < max_ec) {
34 			victim = e;
35 			max_ec = e->ec;
36 		}
37 	}
38 
39 	return victim;
40 }
41 
42 static inline void return_unused_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi,
43 				     struct ubi_wl_entry *e)
44 {
45 	wl_tree_add(e, &ubi->free);
46 	ubi->free_count++;
47 }
48 
49 /**
50  * return_unused_pool_pebs - returns unused PEB to the free tree.
51  * @ubi: UBI device description object
52  * @pool: fastmap pool description object
53  */
54 static void return_unused_pool_pebs(struct ubi_device *ubi,
55 				    struct ubi_fm_pool *pool)
56 {
57 	int i;
58 	struct ubi_wl_entry *e;
59 
60 	for (i = pool->used; i < pool->size; i++) {
61 		e = ubi->lookuptbl[pool->pebs[i]];
62 		return_unused_peb(ubi, e);
63 	}
64 }
65 
66 /**
67  * ubi_wl_get_fm_peb - find a physical erase block with a given maximal number.
68  * @ubi: UBI device description object
69  * @anchor: This PEB will be used as anchor PEB by fastmap
70  *
71  * The function returns a physical erase block with a given maximal number
72  * and removes it from the wl subsystem.
73  * Must be called with wl_lock held!
74  */
75 struct ubi_wl_entry *ubi_wl_get_fm_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, int anchor)
76 {
77 	struct ubi_wl_entry *e = NULL;
78 
79 	if (!ubi->free.rb_node || (ubi->free_count - ubi->beb_rsvd_pebs < 1))
80 		goto out;
81 
82 	if (anchor)
83 		e = find_anchor_wl_entry(&ubi->free);
84 	else
85 		e = find_mean_wl_entry(ubi, &ubi->free);
86 
87 	if (!e)
88 		goto out;
89 
90 	self_check_in_wl_tree(ubi, e, &ubi->free);
91 
92 	/* remove it from the free list,
93 	 * the wl subsystem does no longer know this erase block */
94 	rb_erase(&e->u.rb, &ubi->free);
95 	ubi->free_count--;
96 out:
97 	return e;
98 }
99 
100 /*
101  * has_enough_free_count - whether ubi has enough free pebs to fill fm pools
102  * @ubi: UBI device description object
103  * @is_wl_pool: whether UBI is filling wear leveling pool
104  *
105  * This helper function checks whether there are enough free pebs (deducted
106  * by fastmap pebs) to fill fm_pool and fm_wl_pool, above rule works after
107  * there is at least one of free pebs is filled into fm_wl_pool.
108  * For wear leveling pool, UBI should also reserve free pebs for bad pebs
109  * handling, because there maybe no enough free pebs for user volumes after
110  * producing new bad pebs.
111  */
112 static bool has_enough_free_count(struct ubi_device *ubi, bool is_wl_pool)
113 {
114 	int fm_used = 0;	// fastmap non anchor pebs.
115 	int beb_rsvd_pebs;
116 
117 	if (!ubi->free.rb_node)
118 		return false;
119 
120 	beb_rsvd_pebs = is_wl_pool ? ubi->beb_rsvd_pebs : 0;
121 	if (ubi->fm_wl_pool.size > 0 && !(ubi->ro_mode || ubi->fm_disabled))
122 		fm_used = ubi->fm_size / ubi->leb_size - 1;
123 
124 	return ubi->free_count - beb_rsvd_pebs > fm_used;
125 }
126 
127 /**
128  * ubi_refill_pools - refills all fastmap PEB pools.
129  * @ubi: UBI device description object
130  */
131 void ubi_refill_pools(struct ubi_device *ubi)
132 {
133 	struct ubi_fm_pool *wl_pool = &ubi->fm_wl_pool;
134 	struct ubi_fm_pool *pool = &ubi->fm_pool;
135 	struct ubi_wl_entry *e;
136 	int enough;
137 
138 	spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
139 
140 	return_unused_pool_pebs(ubi, wl_pool);
141 	return_unused_pool_pebs(ubi, pool);
142 
143 	wl_pool->size = 0;
144 	pool->size = 0;
145 
146 	if (ubi->fm_anchor) {
147 		wl_tree_add(ubi->fm_anchor, &ubi->free);
148 		ubi->free_count++;
149 		ubi->fm_anchor = NULL;
150 	}
151 
152 	if (!ubi->fm_disabled)
153 		/*
154 		 * All available PEBs are in ubi->free, now is the time to get
155 		 * the best anchor PEBs.
156 		 */
157 		ubi->fm_anchor = ubi_wl_get_fm_peb(ubi, 1);
158 
159 	for (;;) {
160 		enough = 0;
161 		if (pool->size < pool->max_size) {
162 			if (!has_enough_free_count(ubi, false))
163 				break;
164 
165 			e = wl_get_wle(ubi);
166 			if (!e)
167 				break;
168 
169 			pool->pebs[pool->size] = e->pnum;
170 			pool->size++;
171 		} else
172 			enough++;
173 
174 		if (wl_pool->size < wl_pool->max_size) {
175 			if (!has_enough_free_count(ubi, true))
176 				break;
177 
178 			e = find_wl_entry(ubi, &ubi->free, WL_FREE_MAX_DIFF);
179 			self_check_in_wl_tree(ubi, e, &ubi->free);
180 			rb_erase(&e->u.rb, &ubi->free);
181 			ubi->free_count--;
182 
183 			wl_pool->pebs[wl_pool->size] = e->pnum;
184 			wl_pool->size++;
185 		} else
186 			enough++;
187 
188 		if (enough == 2)
189 			break;
190 	}
191 
192 	wl_pool->used = 0;
193 	pool->used = 0;
194 
195 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
196 }
197 
198 /**
199  * produce_free_peb - produce a free physical eraseblock.
200  * @ubi: UBI device description object
201  *
202  * This function tries to make a free PEB by means of synchronous execution of
203  * pending works. This may be needed if, for example the background thread is
204  * disabled. Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case
205  * of failure.
206  */
207 static int produce_free_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi)
208 {
209 	int err;
210 
211 	while (!ubi->free.rb_node && ubi->works_count) {
212 		dbg_wl("do one work synchronously");
213 		err = do_work(ubi);
214 
215 		if (err)
216 			return err;
217 	}
218 
219 	return 0;
220 }
221 
222 /**
223  * ubi_wl_get_peb - get a physical eraseblock.
224  * @ubi: UBI device description object
225  *
226  * This function returns a physical eraseblock in case of success and a
227  * negative error code in case of failure.
228  * Returns with ubi->fm_eba_sem held in read mode!
229  */
230 int ubi_wl_get_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi)
231 {
232 	int ret, attempts = 0;
233 	struct ubi_fm_pool *pool = &ubi->fm_pool;
234 	struct ubi_fm_pool *wl_pool = &ubi->fm_wl_pool;
235 
236 again:
237 	down_read(&ubi->fm_eba_sem);
238 	spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
239 
240 	/* We check here also for the WL pool because at this point we can
241 	 * refill the WL pool synchronous. */
242 	if (pool->used == pool->size || wl_pool->used == wl_pool->size) {
243 		spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
244 		up_read(&ubi->fm_eba_sem);
245 		ret = ubi_update_fastmap(ubi);
246 		if (ret) {
247 			ubi_msg(ubi, "Unable to write a new fastmap: %i", ret);
248 			down_read(&ubi->fm_eba_sem);
249 			return -ENOSPC;
250 		}
251 		down_read(&ubi->fm_eba_sem);
252 		spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
253 	}
254 
255 	if (pool->used == pool->size) {
256 		spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
257 		attempts++;
258 		if (attempts == 10) {
259 			ubi_err(ubi, "Unable to get a free PEB from user WL pool");
260 			ret = -ENOSPC;
261 			goto out;
262 		}
263 		up_read(&ubi->fm_eba_sem);
264 		ret = produce_free_peb(ubi);
265 		if (ret < 0) {
266 			down_read(&ubi->fm_eba_sem);
267 			goto out;
268 		}
269 		goto again;
270 	}
271 
272 	ubi_assert(pool->used < pool->size);
273 	ret = pool->pebs[pool->used++];
274 	prot_queue_add(ubi, ubi->lookuptbl[ret]);
275 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
276 out:
277 	return ret;
278 }
279 
280 /**
281  * next_peb_for_wl - returns next PEB to be used internally by the
282  * WL sub-system.
283  *
284  * @ubi: UBI device description object
285  * @need_fill: whether to fill wear-leveling pool when no PEBs are found
286  */
287 static struct ubi_wl_entry *next_peb_for_wl(struct ubi_device *ubi,
288 					    bool need_fill)
289 {
290 	struct ubi_fm_pool *pool = &ubi->fm_wl_pool;
291 	int pnum;
292 
293 	if (pool->used == pool->size) {
294 		if (need_fill && !ubi->fm_work_scheduled) {
295 			/*
296 			 * We cannot update the fastmap here because this
297 			 * function is called in atomic context.
298 			 * Let's fail here and refill/update it as soon as
299 			 * possible.
300 			 */
301 			ubi->fm_work_scheduled = 1;
302 			schedule_work(&ubi->fm_work);
303 		}
304 		return NULL;
305 	}
306 
307 	pnum = pool->pebs[pool->used];
308 	return ubi->lookuptbl[pnum];
309 }
310 
311 /**
312  * need_wear_leveling - checks whether to trigger a wear leveling work.
313  * UBI fetches free PEB from wl_pool, we check free PEBs from both 'wl_pool'
314  * and 'ubi->free', because free PEB in 'ubi->free' tree maybe moved into
315  * 'wl_pool' by ubi_refill_pools().
316  *
317  * @ubi: UBI device description object
318  */
319 static bool need_wear_leveling(struct ubi_device *ubi)
320 {
321 	int ec;
322 	struct ubi_wl_entry *e;
323 
324 	if (!ubi->used.rb_node)
325 		return false;
326 
327 	e = next_peb_for_wl(ubi, false);
328 	if (!e) {
329 		if (!ubi->free.rb_node)
330 			return false;
331 		e = find_wl_entry(ubi, &ubi->free, WL_FREE_MAX_DIFF);
332 		ec = e->ec;
333 	} else {
334 		ec = e->ec;
335 		if (ubi->free.rb_node) {
336 			e = find_wl_entry(ubi, &ubi->free, WL_FREE_MAX_DIFF);
337 			ec = max(ec, e->ec);
338 		}
339 	}
340 	e = rb_entry(rb_first(&ubi->used), struct ubi_wl_entry, u.rb);
341 
342 	return ec - e->ec >= UBI_WL_THRESHOLD;
343 }
344 
345 /* get_peb_for_wl - returns a PEB to be used internally by the WL sub-system.
346  *
347  * @ubi: UBI device description object
348  */
349 static struct ubi_wl_entry *get_peb_for_wl(struct ubi_device *ubi)
350 {
351 	struct ubi_fm_pool *pool = &ubi->fm_wl_pool;
352 	int pnum;
353 
354 	ubi_assert(rwsem_is_locked(&ubi->fm_eba_sem));
355 
356 	if (pool->used == pool->size) {
357 		/* We cannot update the fastmap here because this
358 		 * function is called in atomic context.
359 		 * Let's fail here and refill/update it as soon as possible. */
360 		if (!ubi->fm_work_scheduled) {
361 			ubi->fm_work_scheduled = 1;
362 			schedule_work(&ubi->fm_work);
363 		}
364 		return NULL;
365 	}
366 
367 	pnum = pool->pebs[pool->used++];
368 	return ubi->lookuptbl[pnum];
369 }
370 
371 /**
372  * ubi_ensure_anchor_pebs - schedule wear-leveling to produce an anchor PEB.
373  * @ubi: UBI device description object
374  */
375 int ubi_ensure_anchor_pebs(struct ubi_device *ubi)
376 {
377 	struct ubi_work *wrk;
378 	struct ubi_wl_entry *anchor;
379 
380 	spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
381 
382 	/* Do we already have an anchor? */
383 	if (ubi->fm_anchor) {
384 		spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
385 		return 0;
386 	}
387 
388 	/* See if we can find an anchor PEB on the list of free PEBs */
389 	anchor = ubi_wl_get_fm_peb(ubi, 1);
390 	if (anchor) {
391 		ubi->fm_anchor = anchor;
392 		spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
393 		return 0;
394 	}
395 
396 	ubi->fm_do_produce_anchor = 1;
397 	/* No luck, trigger wear leveling to produce a new anchor PEB. */
398 	if (ubi->wl_scheduled) {
399 		spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
400 		return 0;
401 	}
402 	ubi->wl_scheduled = 1;
403 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
404 
405 	wrk = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ubi_work), GFP_NOFS);
406 	if (!wrk) {
407 		spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
408 		ubi->wl_scheduled = 0;
409 		spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
410 		return -ENOMEM;
411 	}
412 
413 	wrk->func = &wear_leveling_worker;
414 	__schedule_ubi_work(ubi, wrk);
415 	return 0;
416 }
417 
418 /**
419  * ubi_wl_put_fm_peb - returns a PEB used in a fastmap to the wear-leveling
420  * sub-system.
421  * see: ubi_wl_put_peb()
422  *
423  * @ubi: UBI device description object
424  * @fm_e: physical eraseblock to return
425  * @lnum: the last used logical eraseblock number for the PEB
426  * @torture: if this physical eraseblock has to be tortured
427  */
428 int ubi_wl_put_fm_peb(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_wl_entry *fm_e,
429 		      int lnum, int torture)
430 {
431 	struct ubi_wl_entry *e;
432 	int vol_id, pnum = fm_e->pnum;
433 
434 	dbg_wl("PEB %d", pnum);
435 
436 	ubi_assert(pnum >= 0);
437 	ubi_assert(pnum < ubi->peb_count);
438 
439 	spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
440 	e = ubi->lookuptbl[pnum];
441 
442 	/* This can happen if we recovered from a fastmap the very
443 	 * first time and writing now a new one. In this case the wl system
444 	 * has never seen any PEB used by the original fastmap.
445 	 */
446 	if (!e) {
447 		e = fm_e;
448 		ubi_assert(e->ec >= 0);
449 		ubi->lookuptbl[pnum] = e;
450 	}
451 
452 	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
453 
454 	vol_id = lnum ? UBI_FM_DATA_VOLUME_ID : UBI_FM_SB_VOLUME_ID;
455 	return schedule_erase(ubi, e, vol_id, lnum, torture, true);
456 }
457 
458 /**
459  * ubi_is_erase_work - checks whether a work is erase work.
460  * @wrk: The work object to be checked
461  */
462 int ubi_is_erase_work(struct ubi_work *wrk)
463 {
464 	return wrk->func == erase_worker;
465 }
466 
467 static void ubi_fastmap_close(struct ubi_device *ubi)
468 {
469 	int i;
470 
471 	return_unused_pool_pebs(ubi, &ubi->fm_pool);
472 	return_unused_pool_pebs(ubi, &ubi->fm_wl_pool);
473 
474 	if (ubi->fm_anchor) {
475 		return_unused_peb(ubi, ubi->fm_anchor);
476 		ubi->fm_anchor = NULL;
477 	}
478 
479 	if (ubi->fm) {
480 		for (i = 0; i < ubi->fm->used_blocks; i++)
481 			kfree(ubi->fm->e[i]);
482 	}
483 	kfree(ubi->fm);
484 }
485 
486 /**
487  * may_reserve_for_fm - tests whether a PEB shall be reserved for fastmap.
488  * See find_mean_wl_entry()
489  *
490  * @ubi: UBI device description object
491  * @e: physical eraseblock to return
492  * @root: RB tree to test against.
493  */
494 static struct ubi_wl_entry *may_reserve_for_fm(struct ubi_device *ubi,
495 					   struct ubi_wl_entry *e,
496 					   struct rb_root *root) {
497 	if (e && !ubi->fm_disabled && !ubi->fm &&
498 	    e->pnum < UBI_FM_MAX_START)
499 		e = rb_entry(rb_next(root->rb_node),
500 			     struct ubi_wl_entry, u.rb);
501 
502 	return e;
503 }
504