1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 2 /* 3 * Sensirion SCD4X carbon dioxide sensor i2c driver 4 * 5 * Copyright (C) 2021 Protonic Holland 6 * Author: Roan van Dijk <roan@protonic.nl> 7 * 8 * I2C slave address: 0x62 9 * 10 * Datasheets: 11 * https://www.sensirion.com/file/datasheet_scd4x 12 */ 13 14 #include <asm/unaligned.h> 15 #include <linux/crc8.h> 16 #include <linux/delay.h> 17 #include <linux/device.h> 18 #include <linux/i2c.h> 19 #include <linux/iio/buffer.h> 20 #include <linux/iio/iio.h> 21 #include <linux/iio/sysfs.h> 22 #include <linux/iio/trigger.h> 23 #include <linux/iio/trigger_consumer.h> 24 #include <linux/iio/triggered_buffer.h> 25 #include <linux/iio/types.h> 26 #include <linux/kernel.h> 27 #include <linux/mutex.h> 28 #include <linux/string.h> 29 #include <linux/sysfs.h> 30 #include <linux/types.h> 31 32 #define SCD4X_CRC8_POLYNOMIAL 0x31 33 #define SCD4X_TIMEOUT_ERR 1000 34 #define SCD4X_READ_BUF_SIZE 9 35 #define SCD4X_COMMAND_BUF_SIZE 2 36 #define SCD4X_WRITE_BUF_SIZE 5 37 #define SCD4X_FRC_MIN_PPM 0 38 #define SCD4X_FRC_MAX_PPM 2000 39 #define SCD4X_READY_MASK 0x01 40 41 /*Commands SCD4X*/ 42 enum scd4x_cmd { 43 CMD_START_MEAS = 0x21b1, 44 CMD_READ_MEAS = 0xec05, 45 CMD_STOP_MEAS = 0x3f86, 46 CMD_SET_TEMP_OFFSET = 0x241d, 47 CMD_GET_TEMP_OFFSET = 0x2318, 48 CMD_FRC = 0x362f, 49 CMD_SET_ASC = 0x2416, 50 CMD_GET_ASC = 0x2313, 51 CMD_GET_DATA_READY = 0xe4b8, 52 }; 53 54 enum scd4x_channel_idx { 55 SCD4X_CO2, 56 SCD4X_TEMP, 57 SCD4X_HR, 58 }; 59 60 struct scd4x_state { 61 struct i2c_client *client; 62 /* maintain access to device, to prevent concurrent reads/writes */ 63 struct mutex lock; 64 struct regulator *vdd; 65 }; 66 67 DECLARE_CRC8_TABLE(scd4x_crc8_table); 68 69 static int scd4x_i2c_xfer(struct scd4x_state *state, char *txbuf, int txsize, 70 char *rxbuf, int rxsize) 71 { 72 struct i2c_client *client = state->client; 73 int ret; 74 75 ret = i2c_master_send(client, txbuf, txsize); 76 77 if (ret < 0) 78 return ret; 79 if (ret != txsize) 80 return -EIO; 81 82 if (rxsize == 0) 83 return 0; 84 85 ret = i2c_master_recv(client, rxbuf, rxsize); 86 if (ret < 0) 87 return ret; 88 if (ret != rxsize) 89 return -EIO; 90 91 return 0; 92 } 93 94 static int scd4x_send_command(struct scd4x_state *state, enum scd4x_cmd cmd) 95 { 96 char buf[SCD4X_COMMAND_BUF_SIZE]; 97 int ret; 98 99 /* 100 * Measurement needs to be stopped before sending commands. 101 * Except stop and start command. 102 */ 103 if ((cmd != CMD_STOP_MEAS) && (cmd != CMD_START_MEAS)) { 104 105 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_STOP_MEAS); 106 if (ret) 107 return ret; 108 109 /* execution time for stopping measurement */ 110 msleep_interruptible(500); 111 } 112 113 put_unaligned_be16(cmd, buf); 114 ret = scd4x_i2c_xfer(state, buf, 2, buf, 0); 115 if (ret) 116 return ret; 117 118 if ((cmd != CMD_STOP_MEAS) && (cmd != CMD_START_MEAS)) { 119 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 120 if (ret) 121 return ret; 122 } 123 124 return 0; 125 } 126 127 static int scd4x_read(struct scd4x_state *state, enum scd4x_cmd cmd, 128 void *response, int response_sz) 129 { 130 struct i2c_client *client = state->client; 131 char buf[SCD4X_READ_BUF_SIZE]; 132 char *rsp = response; 133 int i, ret; 134 char crc; 135 136 /* 137 * Measurement needs to be stopped before sending commands. 138 * Except for reading measurement and data ready command. 139 */ 140 if ((cmd != CMD_GET_DATA_READY) && (cmd != CMD_READ_MEAS)) { 141 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_STOP_MEAS); 142 if (ret) 143 return ret; 144 145 /* execution time for stopping measurement */ 146 msleep_interruptible(500); 147 } 148 149 /* CRC byte for every 2 bytes of data */ 150 response_sz += response_sz / 2; 151 152 put_unaligned_be16(cmd, buf); 153 ret = scd4x_i2c_xfer(state, buf, 2, buf, response_sz); 154 if (ret) 155 return ret; 156 157 for (i = 0; i < response_sz; i += 3) { 158 crc = crc8(scd4x_crc8_table, buf + i, 2, CRC8_INIT_VALUE); 159 if (crc != buf[i + 2]) { 160 dev_err(&client->dev, "CRC error\n"); 161 return -EIO; 162 } 163 164 *rsp++ = buf[i]; 165 *rsp++ = buf[i + 1]; 166 } 167 168 /* start measurement */ 169 if ((cmd != CMD_GET_DATA_READY) && (cmd != CMD_READ_MEAS)) { 170 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 171 if (ret) 172 return ret; 173 } 174 175 return 0; 176 } 177 178 static int scd4x_write(struct scd4x_state *state, enum scd4x_cmd cmd, uint16_t arg) 179 { 180 char buf[SCD4X_WRITE_BUF_SIZE]; 181 int ret; 182 char crc; 183 184 put_unaligned_be16(cmd, buf); 185 put_unaligned_be16(arg, buf + 2); 186 187 crc = crc8(scd4x_crc8_table, buf + 2, 2, CRC8_INIT_VALUE); 188 buf[4] = crc; 189 190 /* measurement needs to be stopped before sending commands */ 191 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_STOP_MEAS); 192 if (ret) 193 return ret; 194 195 /* execution time */ 196 msleep_interruptible(500); 197 198 ret = scd4x_i2c_xfer(state, buf, SCD4X_WRITE_BUF_SIZE, buf, 0); 199 if (ret) 200 return ret; 201 202 /* start measurement, except for forced calibration command */ 203 if (cmd != CMD_FRC) { 204 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 205 if (ret) 206 return ret; 207 } 208 209 return 0; 210 } 211 212 static int scd4x_write_and_fetch(struct scd4x_state *state, enum scd4x_cmd cmd, 213 uint16_t arg, void *response, int response_sz) 214 { 215 struct i2c_client *client = state->client; 216 char buf[SCD4X_READ_BUF_SIZE]; 217 char *rsp = response; 218 int i, ret; 219 char crc; 220 221 ret = scd4x_write(state, CMD_FRC, arg); 222 if (ret) 223 goto err; 224 225 /* execution time */ 226 msleep_interruptible(400); 227 228 /* CRC byte for every 2 bytes of data */ 229 response_sz += response_sz / 2; 230 231 ret = i2c_master_recv(client, buf, response_sz); 232 if (ret < 0) 233 goto err; 234 if (ret != response_sz) { 235 ret = -EIO; 236 goto err; 237 } 238 239 for (i = 0; i < response_sz; i += 3) { 240 crc = crc8(scd4x_crc8_table, buf + i, 2, CRC8_INIT_VALUE); 241 if (crc != buf[i + 2]) { 242 dev_err(&client->dev, "CRC error\n"); 243 ret = -EIO; 244 goto err; 245 } 246 247 *rsp++ = buf[i]; 248 *rsp++ = buf[i + 1]; 249 } 250 251 return scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 252 253 err: 254 /* 255 * on error try to start the measurement, 256 * puts sensor back into continuous measurement 257 */ 258 scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 259 260 return ret; 261 } 262 263 static int scd4x_read_meas(struct scd4x_state *state, uint16_t *meas) 264 { 265 int i, ret; 266 __be16 buf[3]; 267 268 ret = scd4x_read(state, CMD_READ_MEAS, buf, sizeof(buf)); 269 if (ret) 270 return ret; 271 272 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(buf); i++) 273 meas[i] = be16_to_cpu(buf[i]); 274 275 return 0; 276 } 277 278 static int scd4x_wait_meas_poll(struct scd4x_state *state) 279 { 280 struct i2c_client *client = state->client; 281 int tries = 6; 282 int ret; 283 284 do { 285 __be16 bval; 286 uint16_t val; 287 288 ret = scd4x_read(state, CMD_GET_DATA_READY, &bval, sizeof(bval)); 289 if (ret) 290 return -EIO; 291 val = be16_to_cpu(bval); 292 293 /* new measurement available */ 294 if (val & 0x7FF) 295 return 0; 296 297 msleep_interruptible(1000); 298 } while (--tries); 299 300 /* try to start sensor on timeout */ 301 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 302 if (ret) 303 dev_err(&client->dev, "failed to start measurement: %d\n", ret); 304 305 return -ETIMEDOUT; 306 } 307 308 static int scd4x_read_poll(struct scd4x_state *state, uint16_t *buf) 309 { 310 int ret; 311 312 ret = scd4x_wait_meas_poll(state); 313 if (ret) 314 return ret; 315 316 return scd4x_read_meas(state, buf); 317 } 318 319 static int scd4x_read_channel(struct scd4x_state *state, int chan) 320 { 321 int ret; 322 uint16_t buf[3]; 323 324 ret = scd4x_read_poll(state, buf); 325 if (ret) 326 return ret; 327 328 return buf[chan]; 329 } 330 331 static int scd4x_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev, 332 struct iio_chan_spec const *chan, int *val, 333 int *val2, long mask) 334 { 335 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 336 int ret; 337 __be16 tmp; 338 339 switch (mask) { 340 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW: 341 ret = iio_device_claim_direct_mode(indio_dev); 342 if (ret) 343 return ret; 344 345 mutex_lock(&state->lock); 346 ret = scd4x_read_channel(state, chan->address); 347 mutex_unlock(&state->lock); 348 349 iio_device_release_direct_mode(indio_dev); 350 if (ret < 0) 351 return ret; 352 353 *val = ret; 354 return IIO_VAL_INT; 355 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE: 356 if (chan->type == IIO_CONCENTRATION) { 357 *val = 0; 358 *val2 = 100; 359 return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_MICRO; 360 } else if (chan->type == IIO_TEMP) { 361 *val = 175000; 362 *val2 = 65536; 363 return IIO_VAL_FRACTIONAL; 364 } else if (chan->type == IIO_HUMIDITYRELATIVE) { 365 *val = 100000; 366 *val2 = 65536; 367 return IIO_VAL_FRACTIONAL; 368 } 369 return -EINVAL; 370 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_OFFSET: 371 *val = -16852; 372 *val2 = 114286; 373 return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_MICRO; 374 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS: 375 mutex_lock(&state->lock); 376 ret = scd4x_read(state, CMD_GET_TEMP_OFFSET, &tmp, sizeof(tmp)); 377 mutex_unlock(&state->lock); 378 if (ret) 379 return ret; 380 381 *val = be16_to_cpu(tmp); 382 383 return IIO_VAL_INT; 384 default: 385 return -EINVAL; 386 } 387 } 388 389 static int scd4x_write_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev, struct iio_chan_spec const *chan, 390 int val, int val2, long mask) 391 { 392 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 393 int ret = 0; 394 395 switch (mask) { 396 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS: 397 mutex_lock(&state->lock); 398 ret = scd4x_write(state, CMD_SET_TEMP_OFFSET, val); 399 mutex_unlock(&state->lock); 400 401 return ret; 402 default: 403 return -EINVAL; 404 } 405 } 406 407 static ssize_t calibration_auto_enable_show(struct device *dev, 408 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf) 409 { 410 struct iio_dev *indio_dev = dev_to_iio_dev(dev); 411 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 412 int ret; 413 __be16 bval; 414 u16 val; 415 416 mutex_lock(&state->lock); 417 ret = scd4x_read(state, CMD_GET_ASC, &bval, sizeof(bval)); 418 mutex_unlock(&state->lock); 419 if (ret) { 420 dev_err(dev, "failed to read automatic calibration"); 421 return ret; 422 } 423 424 val = (be16_to_cpu(bval) & SCD4X_READY_MASK) ? 1 : 0; 425 426 return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", val); 427 } 428 429 static ssize_t calibration_auto_enable_store(struct device *dev, 430 struct device_attribute *attr, 431 const char *buf, size_t len) 432 { 433 struct iio_dev *indio_dev = dev_to_iio_dev(dev); 434 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 435 bool val; 436 int ret; 437 uint16_t value; 438 439 ret = kstrtobool(buf, &val); 440 if (ret) 441 return ret; 442 443 value = val; 444 445 mutex_lock(&state->lock); 446 ret = scd4x_write(state, CMD_SET_ASC, value); 447 mutex_unlock(&state->lock); 448 if (ret) 449 dev_err(dev, "failed to set automatic calibration"); 450 451 return ret ?: len; 452 } 453 454 static ssize_t calibration_forced_value_store(struct device *dev, 455 struct device_attribute *attr, 456 const char *buf, size_t len) 457 { 458 struct iio_dev *indio_dev = dev_to_iio_dev(dev); 459 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 460 uint16_t val, arg; 461 int ret; 462 463 ret = kstrtou16(buf, 0, &arg); 464 if (ret) 465 return ret; 466 467 if (arg < SCD4X_FRC_MIN_PPM || arg > SCD4X_FRC_MAX_PPM) 468 return -EINVAL; 469 470 mutex_lock(&state->lock); 471 ret = scd4x_write_and_fetch(state, CMD_FRC, arg, &val, sizeof(val)); 472 mutex_unlock(&state->lock); 473 474 if (ret) 475 return ret; 476 477 if (val == 0xff) { 478 dev_err(dev, "forced calibration has failed"); 479 return -EINVAL; 480 } 481 482 return len; 483 } 484 485 static IIO_DEVICE_ATTR_RW(calibration_auto_enable, 0); 486 static IIO_DEVICE_ATTR_WO(calibration_forced_value, 0); 487 488 static IIO_CONST_ATTR(calibration_forced_value_available, 489 __stringify([SCD4X_FRC_MIN_PPM 1 SCD4X_FRC_MAX_PPM])); 490 491 static struct attribute *scd4x_attrs[] = { 492 &iio_dev_attr_calibration_auto_enable.dev_attr.attr, 493 &iio_dev_attr_calibration_forced_value.dev_attr.attr, 494 &iio_const_attr_calibration_forced_value_available.dev_attr.attr, 495 NULL 496 }; 497 498 static const struct attribute_group scd4x_attr_group = { 499 .attrs = scd4x_attrs, 500 }; 501 502 static const struct iio_info scd4x_info = { 503 .attrs = &scd4x_attr_group, 504 .read_raw = scd4x_read_raw, 505 .write_raw = scd4x_write_raw, 506 }; 507 508 static const struct iio_chan_spec scd4x_channels[] = { 509 { 510 .type = IIO_CONCENTRATION, 511 .channel2 = IIO_MOD_CO2, 512 .modified = 1, 513 .info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) | 514 BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE), 515 .address = SCD4X_CO2, 516 .scan_index = SCD4X_CO2, 517 .scan_type = { 518 .sign = 'u', 519 .realbits = 16, 520 .storagebits = 16, 521 .endianness = IIO_BE, 522 }, 523 }, 524 { 525 .type = IIO_TEMP, 526 .info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) | 527 BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE) | 528 BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_OFFSET) | 529 BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS), 530 .address = SCD4X_TEMP, 531 .scan_index = SCD4X_TEMP, 532 .scan_type = { 533 .sign = 'u', 534 .realbits = 16, 535 .storagebits = 16, 536 .endianness = IIO_BE, 537 }, 538 }, 539 { 540 .type = IIO_HUMIDITYRELATIVE, 541 .info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) | 542 BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE), 543 .address = SCD4X_HR, 544 .scan_index = SCD4X_HR, 545 .scan_type = { 546 .sign = 'u', 547 .realbits = 16, 548 .storagebits = 16, 549 .endianness = IIO_BE, 550 }, 551 }, 552 }; 553 554 static int scd4x_suspend(struct device *dev) 555 { 556 struct iio_dev *indio_dev = dev_get_drvdata(dev); 557 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 558 int ret; 559 560 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_STOP_MEAS); 561 if (ret) 562 return ret; 563 564 return regulator_disable(state->vdd); 565 } 566 567 static int scd4x_resume(struct device *dev) 568 { 569 struct iio_dev *indio_dev = dev_get_drvdata(dev); 570 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 571 int ret; 572 573 ret = regulator_enable(state->vdd); 574 if (ret) 575 return ret; 576 577 return scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 578 } 579 580 static DEFINE_SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(scd4x_pm_ops, scd4x_suspend, scd4x_resume); 581 582 static void scd4x_stop_meas(void *state) 583 { 584 scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_STOP_MEAS); 585 } 586 587 static void scd4x_disable_regulator(void *data) 588 { 589 struct scd4x_state *state = data; 590 591 regulator_disable(state->vdd); 592 } 593 594 static irqreturn_t scd4x_trigger_handler(int irq, void *p) 595 { 596 struct iio_poll_func *pf = p; 597 struct iio_dev *indio_dev = pf->indio_dev; 598 struct scd4x_state *state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 599 struct { 600 uint16_t data[3]; 601 int64_t ts __aligned(8); 602 } scan; 603 int ret; 604 605 memset(&scan, 0, sizeof(scan)); 606 mutex_lock(&state->lock); 607 ret = scd4x_read_poll(state, scan.data); 608 mutex_unlock(&state->lock); 609 if (ret) 610 goto out; 611 612 iio_push_to_buffers_with_timestamp(indio_dev, &scan, iio_get_time_ns(indio_dev)); 613 out: 614 iio_trigger_notify_done(indio_dev->trig); 615 return IRQ_HANDLED; 616 } 617 618 static int scd4x_probe(struct i2c_client *client) 619 { 620 static const unsigned long scd4x_scan_masks[] = { 0x07, 0x00 }; 621 struct device *dev = &client->dev; 622 struct iio_dev *indio_dev; 623 struct scd4x_state *state; 624 int ret; 625 626 indio_dev = devm_iio_device_alloc(dev, sizeof(*state)); 627 if (!indio_dev) 628 return -ENOMEM; 629 630 state = iio_priv(indio_dev); 631 mutex_init(&state->lock); 632 state->client = client; 633 crc8_populate_msb(scd4x_crc8_table, SCD4X_CRC8_POLYNOMIAL); 634 635 indio_dev->info = &scd4x_info; 636 indio_dev->name = client->name; 637 indio_dev->channels = scd4x_channels; 638 indio_dev->num_channels = ARRAY_SIZE(scd4x_channels); 639 indio_dev->modes = INDIO_DIRECT_MODE; 640 indio_dev->available_scan_masks = scd4x_scan_masks; 641 642 state->vdd = devm_regulator_get(dev, "vdd"); 643 if (IS_ERR(state->vdd)) 644 return dev_err_probe(dev, PTR_ERR(state->vdd), "failed to get regulator\n"); 645 646 ret = regulator_enable(state->vdd); 647 if (ret) 648 return ret; 649 650 ret = devm_add_action_or_reset(dev, scd4x_disable_regulator, state); 651 if (ret) 652 return ret; 653 654 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_STOP_MEAS); 655 if (ret) { 656 dev_err(dev, "failed to stop measurement: %d\n", ret); 657 return ret; 658 } 659 660 /* execution time */ 661 msleep_interruptible(500); 662 663 ret = devm_iio_triggered_buffer_setup(dev, indio_dev, NULL, scd4x_trigger_handler, NULL); 664 if (ret) 665 return ret; 666 667 ret = scd4x_send_command(state, CMD_START_MEAS); 668 if (ret) { 669 dev_err(dev, "failed to start measurement: %d\n", ret); 670 return ret; 671 } 672 673 ret = devm_add_action_or_reset(dev, scd4x_stop_meas, state); 674 if (ret) 675 return ret; 676 677 return devm_iio_device_register(dev, indio_dev); 678 } 679 680 static const struct of_device_id scd4x_dt_ids[] = { 681 { .compatible = "sensirion,scd40" }, 682 { .compatible = "sensirion,scd41" }, 683 { } 684 }; 685 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, scd4x_dt_ids); 686 687 static struct i2c_driver scd4x_i2c_driver = { 688 .driver = { 689 .name = KBUILD_MODNAME, 690 .of_match_table = scd4x_dt_ids, 691 .pm = pm_sleep_ptr(&scd4x_pm_ops), 692 }, 693 .probe_new = scd4x_probe, 694 }; 695 module_i2c_driver(scd4x_i2c_driver); 696 697 MODULE_AUTHOR("Roan van Dijk <roan@protonic.nl>"); 698 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Sensirion SCD4X carbon dioxide sensor core driver"); 699 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2"); 700