1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only 2 // Copyright (c) 2018-2021 Intel Corporation 3 4 #include <linux/auxiliary_bus.h> 5 #include <linux/bitfield.h> 6 #include <linux/bitops.h> 7 #include <linux/devm-helpers.h> 8 #include <linux/hwmon.h> 9 #include <linux/jiffies.h> 10 #include <linux/module.h> 11 #include <linux/peci.h> 12 #include <linux/peci-cpu.h> 13 #include <linux/units.h> 14 #include <linux/workqueue.h> 15 16 #include "common.h" 17 18 #define DIMM_MASK_CHECK_DELAY_JIFFIES msecs_to_jiffies(5000) 19 20 /* Max number of channel ranks and DIMM index per channel */ 21 #define CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_HSX 8 22 #define DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_HSX 3 23 #define CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_BDX 4 24 #define DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_BDX 3 25 #define CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_BDXD 2 26 #define DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_BDXD 2 27 #define CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_SKX 6 28 #define DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_SKX 2 29 #define CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_ICX 8 30 #define DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_ICX 2 31 #define CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_ICXD 4 32 #define DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_ICXD 2 33 34 #define CHAN_RANK_MAX CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_HSX 35 #define DIMM_IDX_MAX DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_HSX 36 #define DIMM_NUMS_MAX (CHAN_RANK_MAX * DIMM_IDX_MAX) 37 38 #define CPU_SEG_MASK GENMASK(23, 16) 39 #define GET_CPU_SEG(x) (((x) & CPU_SEG_MASK) >> 16) 40 #define CPU_BUS_MASK GENMASK(7, 0) 41 #define GET_CPU_BUS(x) ((x) & CPU_BUS_MASK) 42 43 #define DIMM_TEMP_MAX GENMASK(15, 8) 44 #define DIMM_TEMP_CRIT GENMASK(23, 16) 45 #define GET_TEMP_MAX(x) (((x) & DIMM_TEMP_MAX) >> 8) 46 #define GET_TEMP_CRIT(x) (((x) & DIMM_TEMP_CRIT) >> 16) 47 48 #define NO_DIMM_RETRY_COUNT_MAX 5 49 50 struct peci_dimmtemp; 51 52 struct dimm_info { 53 int chan_rank_max; 54 int dimm_idx_max; 55 u8 min_peci_revision; 56 int (*read_thresholds)(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int dimm_order, 57 int chan_rank, u32 *data); 58 }; 59 60 struct peci_dimm_thresholds { 61 long temp_max; 62 long temp_crit; 63 struct peci_sensor_state state; 64 }; 65 66 enum peci_dimm_threshold_type { 67 temp_max_type, 68 temp_crit_type, 69 }; 70 71 struct peci_dimmtemp { 72 struct peci_device *peci_dev; 73 struct device *dev; 74 const char *name; 75 const struct dimm_info *gen_info; 76 struct delayed_work detect_work; 77 struct { 78 struct peci_sensor_data temp; 79 struct peci_dimm_thresholds thresholds; 80 } dimm[DIMM_NUMS_MAX]; 81 char **dimmtemp_label; 82 DECLARE_BITMAP(dimm_mask, DIMM_NUMS_MAX); 83 u8 no_dimm_retry_count; 84 }; 85 86 static u8 __dimm_temp(u32 reg, int dimm_order) 87 { 88 return (reg >> (dimm_order * 8)) & 0xff; 89 } 90 91 static int get_dimm_temp(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int dimm_no, long *val) 92 { 93 int dimm_order = dimm_no % priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 94 int chan_rank = dimm_no / priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 95 int ret = 0; 96 u32 data; 97 98 mutex_lock(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].temp.state.lock); 99 if (!peci_sensor_need_update(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].temp.state)) 100 goto skip_update; 101 102 ret = peci_pcs_read(priv->peci_dev, PECI_PCS_DDR_DIMM_TEMP, chan_rank, &data); 103 if (ret) 104 goto unlock; 105 106 priv->dimm[dimm_no].temp.value = __dimm_temp(data, dimm_order) * MILLIDEGREE_PER_DEGREE; 107 108 peci_sensor_mark_updated(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].temp.state); 109 110 skip_update: 111 *val = priv->dimm[dimm_no].temp.value; 112 unlock: 113 mutex_unlock(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].temp.state.lock); 114 return ret; 115 } 116 117 static int update_thresholds(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int dimm_no) 118 { 119 int dimm_order = dimm_no % priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 120 int chan_rank = dimm_no / priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 121 u32 data; 122 int ret; 123 124 if (!peci_sensor_need_update(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.state)) 125 return 0; 126 127 ret = priv->gen_info->read_thresholds(priv, dimm_order, chan_rank, &data); 128 if (ret == -ENODATA) /* Use default or previous value */ 129 return 0; 130 if (ret) 131 return ret; 132 133 priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.temp_max = GET_TEMP_MAX(data) * MILLIDEGREE_PER_DEGREE; 134 priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.temp_crit = GET_TEMP_CRIT(data) * MILLIDEGREE_PER_DEGREE; 135 136 peci_sensor_mark_updated(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.state); 137 138 return 0; 139 } 140 141 static int get_dimm_thresholds(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, enum peci_dimm_threshold_type type, 142 int dimm_no, long *val) 143 { 144 int ret; 145 146 mutex_lock(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.state.lock); 147 ret = update_thresholds(priv, dimm_no); 148 if (ret) 149 goto unlock; 150 151 switch (type) { 152 case temp_max_type: 153 *val = priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.temp_max; 154 break; 155 case temp_crit_type: 156 *val = priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.temp_crit; 157 break; 158 default: 159 ret = -EOPNOTSUPP; 160 break; 161 } 162 unlock: 163 mutex_unlock(&priv->dimm[dimm_no].thresholds.state.lock); 164 165 return ret; 166 } 167 168 static int dimmtemp_read_string(struct device *dev, 169 enum hwmon_sensor_types type, 170 u32 attr, int channel, const char **str) 171 { 172 struct peci_dimmtemp *priv = dev_get_drvdata(dev); 173 174 if (attr != hwmon_temp_label) 175 return -EOPNOTSUPP; 176 177 *str = (const char *)priv->dimmtemp_label[channel]; 178 179 return 0; 180 } 181 182 static int dimmtemp_read(struct device *dev, enum hwmon_sensor_types type, 183 u32 attr, int channel, long *val) 184 { 185 struct peci_dimmtemp *priv = dev_get_drvdata(dev); 186 187 switch (attr) { 188 case hwmon_temp_input: 189 return get_dimm_temp(priv, channel, val); 190 case hwmon_temp_max: 191 return get_dimm_thresholds(priv, temp_max_type, channel, val); 192 case hwmon_temp_crit: 193 return get_dimm_thresholds(priv, temp_crit_type, channel, val); 194 default: 195 break; 196 } 197 198 return -EOPNOTSUPP; 199 } 200 201 static umode_t dimmtemp_is_visible(const void *data, enum hwmon_sensor_types type, 202 u32 attr, int channel) 203 { 204 const struct peci_dimmtemp *priv = data; 205 206 if (test_bit(channel, priv->dimm_mask)) 207 return 0444; 208 209 return 0; 210 } 211 212 static const struct hwmon_ops peci_dimmtemp_ops = { 213 .is_visible = dimmtemp_is_visible, 214 .read_string = dimmtemp_read_string, 215 .read = dimmtemp_read, 216 }; 217 218 static int check_populated_dimms(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv) 219 { 220 int chan_rank_max = priv->gen_info->chan_rank_max; 221 int dimm_idx_max = priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 222 u32 chan_rank_empty = 0; 223 u32 dimm_mask = 0; 224 int chan_rank, dimm_idx, ret; 225 u32 pcs; 226 227 BUILD_BUG_ON(BITS_PER_TYPE(chan_rank_empty) < CHAN_RANK_MAX); 228 BUILD_BUG_ON(BITS_PER_TYPE(dimm_mask) < DIMM_NUMS_MAX); 229 if (chan_rank_max * dimm_idx_max > DIMM_NUMS_MAX) { 230 WARN_ONCE(1, "Unsupported number of DIMMs - chan_rank_max: %d, dimm_idx_max: %d", 231 chan_rank_max, dimm_idx_max); 232 return -EINVAL; 233 } 234 235 for (chan_rank = 0; chan_rank < chan_rank_max; chan_rank++) { 236 ret = peci_pcs_read(priv->peci_dev, PECI_PCS_DDR_DIMM_TEMP, chan_rank, &pcs); 237 if (ret) { 238 /* 239 * Overall, we expect either success or -EINVAL in 240 * order to determine whether DIMM is populated or not. 241 * For anything else we fall back to deferring the 242 * detection to be performed at a later point in time. 243 */ 244 if (ret == -EINVAL) { 245 chan_rank_empty |= BIT(chan_rank); 246 continue; 247 } 248 249 return -EAGAIN; 250 } 251 252 for (dimm_idx = 0; dimm_idx < dimm_idx_max; dimm_idx++) 253 if (__dimm_temp(pcs, dimm_idx)) 254 dimm_mask |= BIT(chan_rank * dimm_idx_max + dimm_idx); 255 } 256 257 /* 258 * If we got all -EINVALs, it means that the CPU doesn't have any 259 * DIMMs. Unfortunately, it may also happen at the very start of 260 * host platform boot. Retrying a couple of times lets us make sure 261 * that the state is persistent. 262 */ 263 if (chan_rank_empty == GENMASK(chan_rank_max - 1, 0)) { 264 if (priv->no_dimm_retry_count < NO_DIMM_RETRY_COUNT_MAX) { 265 priv->no_dimm_retry_count++; 266 267 return -EAGAIN; 268 } 269 270 return -ENODEV; 271 } 272 273 /* 274 * It's possible that memory training is not done yet. In this case we 275 * defer the detection to be performed at a later point in time. 276 */ 277 if (!dimm_mask) { 278 priv->no_dimm_retry_count = 0; 279 return -EAGAIN; 280 } 281 282 dev_dbg(priv->dev, "Scanned populated DIMMs: %#x\n", dimm_mask); 283 284 bitmap_from_arr32(priv->dimm_mask, &dimm_mask, DIMM_NUMS_MAX); 285 286 return 0; 287 } 288 289 static int create_dimm_temp_label(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int chan) 290 { 291 int rank = chan / priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 292 int idx = chan % priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 293 294 priv->dimmtemp_label[chan] = devm_kasprintf(priv->dev, GFP_KERNEL, 295 "DIMM %c%d", 'A' + rank, 296 idx + 1); 297 if (!priv->dimmtemp_label[chan]) 298 return -ENOMEM; 299 300 return 0; 301 } 302 303 static const struct hwmon_channel_info *peci_dimmtemp_temp_info[] = { 304 HWMON_CHANNEL_INFO(temp, 305 [0 ... DIMM_NUMS_MAX - 1] = HWMON_T_LABEL | 306 HWMON_T_INPUT | HWMON_T_MAX | HWMON_T_CRIT), 307 NULL 308 }; 309 310 static const struct hwmon_chip_info peci_dimmtemp_chip_info = { 311 .ops = &peci_dimmtemp_ops, 312 .info = peci_dimmtemp_temp_info, 313 }; 314 315 static int create_dimm_temp_info(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv) 316 { 317 int ret, i, channels; 318 struct device *dev; 319 320 /* 321 * We expect to either find populated DIMMs and carry on with creating 322 * sensors, or find out that there are no DIMMs populated. 323 * All other states mean that the platform never reached the state that 324 * allows to check DIMM state - causing us to retry later on. 325 */ 326 ret = check_populated_dimms(priv); 327 if (ret == -ENODEV) { 328 dev_dbg(priv->dev, "No DIMMs found\n"); 329 return 0; 330 } else if (ret) { 331 schedule_delayed_work(&priv->detect_work, DIMM_MASK_CHECK_DELAY_JIFFIES); 332 dev_dbg(priv->dev, "Deferred populating DIMM temp info\n"); 333 return ret; 334 } 335 336 channels = priv->gen_info->chan_rank_max * priv->gen_info->dimm_idx_max; 337 338 priv->dimmtemp_label = devm_kzalloc(priv->dev, channels * sizeof(char *), GFP_KERNEL); 339 if (!priv->dimmtemp_label) 340 return -ENOMEM; 341 342 for_each_set_bit(i, priv->dimm_mask, DIMM_NUMS_MAX) { 343 ret = create_dimm_temp_label(priv, i); 344 if (ret) 345 return ret; 346 mutex_init(&priv->dimm[i].thresholds.state.lock); 347 mutex_init(&priv->dimm[i].temp.state.lock); 348 } 349 350 dev = devm_hwmon_device_register_with_info(priv->dev, priv->name, priv, 351 &peci_dimmtemp_chip_info, NULL); 352 if (IS_ERR(dev)) { 353 dev_err(priv->dev, "Failed to register hwmon device\n"); 354 return PTR_ERR(dev); 355 } 356 357 dev_dbg(priv->dev, "%s: sensor '%s'\n", dev_name(dev), priv->name); 358 359 return 0; 360 } 361 362 static void create_dimm_temp_info_delayed(struct work_struct *work) 363 { 364 struct peci_dimmtemp *priv = container_of(to_delayed_work(work), 365 struct peci_dimmtemp, 366 detect_work); 367 int ret; 368 369 ret = create_dimm_temp_info(priv); 370 if (ret && ret != -EAGAIN) 371 dev_err(priv->dev, "Failed to populate DIMM temp info\n"); 372 } 373 374 static int peci_dimmtemp_probe(struct auxiliary_device *adev, const struct auxiliary_device_id *id) 375 { 376 struct device *dev = &adev->dev; 377 struct peci_device *peci_dev = to_peci_device(dev->parent); 378 struct peci_dimmtemp *priv; 379 int ret; 380 381 priv = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL); 382 if (!priv) 383 return -ENOMEM; 384 385 priv->name = devm_kasprintf(dev, GFP_KERNEL, "peci_dimmtemp.cpu%d", 386 peci_dev->info.socket_id); 387 if (!priv->name) 388 return -ENOMEM; 389 390 priv->dev = dev; 391 priv->peci_dev = peci_dev; 392 priv->gen_info = (const struct dimm_info *)id->driver_data; 393 394 /* 395 * This is just a sanity check. Since we're using commands that are 396 * guaranteed to be supported on a given platform, we should never see 397 * revision lower than expected. 398 */ 399 if (peci_dev->info.peci_revision < priv->gen_info->min_peci_revision) 400 dev_warn(priv->dev, 401 "Unexpected PECI revision %#x, some features may be unavailable\n", 402 peci_dev->info.peci_revision); 403 404 ret = devm_delayed_work_autocancel(priv->dev, &priv->detect_work, 405 create_dimm_temp_info_delayed); 406 if (ret) 407 return ret; 408 409 ret = create_dimm_temp_info(priv); 410 if (ret && ret != -EAGAIN) { 411 dev_err(dev, "Failed to populate DIMM temp info\n"); 412 return ret; 413 } 414 415 return 0; 416 } 417 418 static int 419 read_thresholds_hsx(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int dimm_order, int chan_rank, u32 *data) 420 { 421 u8 dev, func; 422 u16 reg; 423 int ret; 424 425 /* 426 * Device 20, Function 0: IMC 0 channel 0 -> rank 0 427 * Device 20, Function 1: IMC 0 channel 1 -> rank 1 428 * Device 21, Function 0: IMC 0 channel 2 -> rank 2 429 * Device 21, Function 1: IMC 0 channel 3 -> rank 3 430 * Device 23, Function 0: IMC 1 channel 0 -> rank 4 431 * Device 23, Function 1: IMC 1 channel 1 -> rank 5 432 * Device 24, Function 0: IMC 1 channel 2 -> rank 6 433 * Device 24, Function 1: IMC 1 channel 3 -> rank 7 434 */ 435 dev = 20 + chan_rank / 2 + chan_rank / 4; 436 func = chan_rank % 2; 437 reg = 0x120 + dimm_order * 4; 438 439 ret = peci_pci_local_read(priv->peci_dev, 1, dev, func, reg, data); 440 if (ret) 441 return ret; 442 443 return 0; 444 } 445 446 static int 447 read_thresholds_bdxd(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int dimm_order, int chan_rank, u32 *data) 448 { 449 u8 dev, func; 450 u16 reg; 451 int ret; 452 453 /* 454 * Device 10, Function 2: IMC 0 channel 0 -> rank 0 455 * Device 10, Function 6: IMC 0 channel 1 -> rank 1 456 * Device 12, Function 2: IMC 1 channel 0 -> rank 2 457 * Device 12, Function 6: IMC 1 channel 1 -> rank 3 458 */ 459 dev = 10 + chan_rank / 2 * 2; 460 func = (chan_rank % 2) ? 6 : 2; 461 reg = 0x120 + dimm_order * 4; 462 463 ret = peci_pci_local_read(priv->peci_dev, 2, dev, func, reg, data); 464 if (ret) 465 return ret; 466 467 return 0; 468 } 469 470 static int 471 read_thresholds_skx(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int dimm_order, int chan_rank, u32 *data) 472 { 473 u8 dev, func; 474 u16 reg; 475 int ret; 476 477 /* 478 * Device 10, Function 2: IMC 0 channel 0 -> rank 0 479 * Device 10, Function 6: IMC 0 channel 1 -> rank 1 480 * Device 11, Function 2: IMC 0 channel 2 -> rank 2 481 * Device 12, Function 2: IMC 1 channel 0 -> rank 3 482 * Device 12, Function 6: IMC 1 channel 1 -> rank 4 483 * Device 13, Function 2: IMC 1 channel 2 -> rank 5 484 */ 485 dev = 10 + chan_rank / 3 * 2 + (chan_rank % 3 == 2 ? 1 : 0); 486 func = chan_rank % 3 == 1 ? 6 : 2; 487 reg = 0x120 + dimm_order * 4; 488 489 ret = peci_pci_local_read(priv->peci_dev, 2, dev, func, reg, data); 490 if (ret) 491 return ret; 492 493 return 0; 494 } 495 496 static int 497 read_thresholds_icx(struct peci_dimmtemp *priv, int dimm_order, int chan_rank, u32 *data) 498 { 499 u32 reg_val; 500 u64 offset; 501 int ret; 502 u8 dev; 503 504 ret = peci_ep_pci_local_read(priv->peci_dev, 0, 13, 0, 2, 0xd4, ®_val); 505 if (ret || !(reg_val & BIT(31))) 506 return -ENODATA; /* Use default or previous value */ 507 508 ret = peci_ep_pci_local_read(priv->peci_dev, 0, 13, 0, 2, 0xd0, ®_val); 509 if (ret) 510 return -ENODATA; /* Use default or previous value */ 511 512 /* 513 * Device 26, Offset 224e0: IMC 0 channel 0 -> rank 0 514 * Device 26, Offset 264e0: IMC 0 channel 1 -> rank 1 515 * Device 27, Offset 224e0: IMC 1 channel 0 -> rank 2 516 * Device 27, Offset 264e0: IMC 1 channel 1 -> rank 3 517 * Device 28, Offset 224e0: IMC 2 channel 0 -> rank 4 518 * Device 28, Offset 264e0: IMC 2 channel 1 -> rank 5 519 * Device 29, Offset 224e0: IMC 3 channel 0 -> rank 6 520 * Device 29, Offset 264e0: IMC 3 channel 1 -> rank 7 521 */ 522 dev = 26 + chan_rank / 2; 523 offset = 0x224e0 + dimm_order * 4 + (chan_rank % 2) * 0x4000; 524 525 ret = peci_mmio_read(priv->peci_dev, 0, GET_CPU_SEG(reg_val), GET_CPU_BUS(reg_val), 526 dev, 0, offset, data); 527 if (ret) 528 return ret; 529 530 return 0; 531 } 532 533 static const struct dimm_info dimm_hsx = { 534 .chan_rank_max = CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_HSX, 535 .dimm_idx_max = DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_HSX, 536 .min_peci_revision = 0x33, 537 .read_thresholds = &read_thresholds_hsx, 538 }; 539 540 static const struct dimm_info dimm_bdx = { 541 .chan_rank_max = CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_BDX, 542 .dimm_idx_max = DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_BDX, 543 .min_peci_revision = 0x33, 544 .read_thresholds = &read_thresholds_hsx, 545 }; 546 547 static const struct dimm_info dimm_bdxd = { 548 .chan_rank_max = CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_BDXD, 549 .dimm_idx_max = DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_BDXD, 550 .min_peci_revision = 0x33, 551 .read_thresholds = &read_thresholds_bdxd, 552 }; 553 554 static const struct dimm_info dimm_skx = { 555 .chan_rank_max = CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_SKX, 556 .dimm_idx_max = DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_SKX, 557 .min_peci_revision = 0x33, 558 .read_thresholds = &read_thresholds_skx, 559 }; 560 561 static const struct dimm_info dimm_icx = { 562 .chan_rank_max = CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_ICX, 563 .dimm_idx_max = DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_ICX, 564 .min_peci_revision = 0x40, 565 .read_thresholds = &read_thresholds_icx, 566 }; 567 568 static const struct dimm_info dimm_icxd = { 569 .chan_rank_max = CHAN_RANK_MAX_ON_ICXD, 570 .dimm_idx_max = DIMM_IDX_MAX_ON_ICXD, 571 .min_peci_revision = 0x40, 572 .read_thresholds = &read_thresholds_icx, 573 }; 574 575 static const struct auxiliary_device_id peci_dimmtemp_ids[] = { 576 { 577 .name = "peci_cpu.dimmtemp.hsx", 578 .driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&dimm_hsx, 579 }, 580 { 581 .name = "peci_cpu.dimmtemp.bdx", 582 .driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&dimm_bdx, 583 }, 584 { 585 .name = "peci_cpu.dimmtemp.bdxd", 586 .driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&dimm_bdxd, 587 }, 588 { 589 .name = "peci_cpu.dimmtemp.skx", 590 .driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&dimm_skx, 591 }, 592 { 593 .name = "peci_cpu.dimmtemp.icx", 594 .driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&dimm_icx, 595 }, 596 { 597 .name = "peci_cpu.dimmtemp.icxd", 598 .driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&dimm_icxd, 599 }, 600 { } 601 }; 602 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(auxiliary, peci_dimmtemp_ids); 603 604 static struct auxiliary_driver peci_dimmtemp_driver = { 605 .probe = peci_dimmtemp_probe, 606 .id_table = peci_dimmtemp_ids, 607 }; 608 609 module_auxiliary_driver(peci_dimmtemp_driver); 610 611 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jae Hyun Yoo <jae.hyun.yoo@linux.intel.com>"); 612 MODULE_AUTHOR("Iwona Winiarska <iwona.winiarska@intel.com>"); 613 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("PECI dimmtemp driver"); 614 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); 615 MODULE_IMPORT_NS(PECI_CPU); 616