xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/hv/ring_buffer.c (revision d3964221)
1 /*
2  *
3  * Copyright (c) 2009, Microsoft Corporation.
4  *
5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
7  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
12  * more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
16  * Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA.
17  *
18  * Authors:
19  *   Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
20  *   Hank Janssen  <hjanssen@microsoft.com>
21  *   K. Y. Srinivasan <kys@microsoft.com>
22  *
23  */
24 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
25 
26 #include <linux/kernel.h>
27 #include <linux/mm.h>
28 #include <linux/hyperv.h>
29 #include <linux/uio.h>
30 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
31 #include <linux/slab.h>
32 #include <linux/prefetch.h>
33 
34 #include "hyperv_vmbus.h"
35 
36 #define VMBUS_PKT_TRAILER	8
37 
38 /*
39  * When we write to the ring buffer, check if the host needs to
40  * be signaled. Here is the details of this protocol:
41  *
42  *	1. The host guarantees that while it is draining the
43  *	   ring buffer, it will set the interrupt_mask to
44  *	   indicate it does not need to be interrupted when
45  *	   new data is placed.
46  *
47  *	2. The host guarantees that it will completely drain
48  *	   the ring buffer before exiting the read loop. Further,
49  *	   once the ring buffer is empty, it will clear the
50  *	   interrupt_mask and re-check to see if new data has
51  *	   arrived.
52  *
53  * KYS: Oct. 30, 2016:
54  * It looks like Windows hosts have logic to deal with DOS attacks that
55  * can be triggered if it receives interrupts when it is not expecting
56  * the interrupt. The host expects interrupts only when the ring
57  * transitions from empty to non-empty (or full to non full on the guest
58  * to host ring).
59  * So, base the signaling decision solely on the ring state until the
60  * host logic is fixed.
61  */
62 
63 static void hv_signal_on_write(u32 old_write, struct vmbus_channel *channel)
64 {
65 	struct hv_ring_buffer_info *rbi = &channel->outbound;
66 
67 	virt_mb();
68 	if (READ_ONCE(rbi->ring_buffer->interrupt_mask))
69 		return;
70 
71 	/* check interrupt_mask before read_index */
72 	virt_rmb();
73 	/*
74 	 * This is the only case we need to signal when the
75 	 * ring transitions from being empty to non-empty.
76 	 */
77 	if (old_write == READ_ONCE(rbi->ring_buffer->read_index))
78 		vmbus_setevent(channel);
79 }
80 
81 /* Get the next write location for the specified ring buffer. */
82 static inline u32
83 hv_get_next_write_location(struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info)
84 {
85 	u32 next = ring_info->ring_buffer->write_index;
86 
87 	return next;
88 }
89 
90 /* Set the next write location for the specified ring buffer. */
91 static inline void
92 hv_set_next_write_location(struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info,
93 		     u32 next_write_location)
94 {
95 	ring_info->ring_buffer->write_index = next_write_location;
96 }
97 
98 /* Set the next read location for the specified ring buffer. */
99 static inline void
100 hv_set_next_read_location(struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info,
101 		    u32 next_read_location)
102 {
103 	ring_info->ring_buffer->read_index = next_read_location;
104 	ring_info->priv_read_index = next_read_location;
105 }
106 
107 /* Get the size of the ring buffer. */
108 static inline u32
109 hv_get_ring_buffersize(const struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info)
110 {
111 	return ring_info->ring_datasize;
112 }
113 
114 /* Get the read and write indices as u64 of the specified ring buffer. */
115 static inline u64
116 hv_get_ring_bufferindices(struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info)
117 {
118 	return (u64)ring_info->ring_buffer->write_index << 32;
119 }
120 
121 /*
122  * Helper routine to copy from source to ring buffer.
123  * Assume there is enough room. Handles wrap-around in dest case only!!
124  */
125 static u32 hv_copyto_ringbuffer(
126 	struct hv_ring_buffer_info	*ring_info,
127 	u32				start_write_offset,
128 	const void			*src,
129 	u32				srclen)
130 {
131 	void *ring_buffer = hv_get_ring_buffer(ring_info);
132 	u32 ring_buffer_size = hv_get_ring_buffersize(ring_info);
133 
134 	memcpy(ring_buffer + start_write_offset, src, srclen);
135 
136 	start_write_offset += srclen;
137 	if (start_write_offset >= ring_buffer_size)
138 		start_write_offset -= ring_buffer_size;
139 
140 	return start_write_offset;
141 }
142 
143 /* Get various debug metrics for the specified ring buffer. */
144 void hv_ringbuffer_get_debuginfo(const struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info,
145 				 struct hv_ring_buffer_debug_info *debug_info)
146 {
147 	u32 bytes_avail_towrite;
148 	u32 bytes_avail_toread;
149 
150 	if (ring_info->ring_buffer) {
151 		hv_get_ringbuffer_availbytes(ring_info,
152 					&bytes_avail_toread,
153 					&bytes_avail_towrite);
154 
155 		debug_info->bytes_avail_toread = bytes_avail_toread;
156 		debug_info->bytes_avail_towrite = bytes_avail_towrite;
157 		debug_info->current_read_index =
158 			ring_info->ring_buffer->read_index;
159 		debug_info->current_write_index =
160 			ring_info->ring_buffer->write_index;
161 		debug_info->current_interrupt_mask =
162 			ring_info->ring_buffer->interrupt_mask;
163 	}
164 }
165 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_ringbuffer_get_debuginfo);
166 
167 /* Initialize the ring buffer. */
168 int hv_ringbuffer_init(struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info,
169 		       struct page *pages, u32 page_cnt)
170 {
171 	int i;
172 	struct page **pages_wraparound;
173 
174 	BUILD_BUG_ON((sizeof(struct hv_ring_buffer) != PAGE_SIZE));
175 
176 	memset(ring_info, 0, sizeof(struct hv_ring_buffer_info));
177 
178 	/*
179 	 * First page holds struct hv_ring_buffer, do wraparound mapping for
180 	 * the rest.
181 	 */
182 	pages_wraparound = kzalloc(sizeof(struct page *) * (page_cnt * 2 - 1),
183 				   GFP_KERNEL);
184 	if (!pages_wraparound)
185 		return -ENOMEM;
186 
187 	pages_wraparound[0] = pages;
188 	for (i = 0; i < 2 * (page_cnt - 1); i++)
189 		pages_wraparound[i + 1] = &pages[i % (page_cnt - 1) + 1];
190 
191 	ring_info->ring_buffer = (struct hv_ring_buffer *)
192 		vmap(pages_wraparound, page_cnt * 2 - 1, VM_MAP, PAGE_KERNEL);
193 
194 	kfree(pages_wraparound);
195 
196 
197 	if (!ring_info->ring_buffer)
198 		return -ENOMEM;
199 
200 	ring_info->ring_buffer->read_index =
201 		ring_info->ring_buffer->write_index = 0;
202 
203 	/* Set the feature bit for enabling flow control. */
204 	ring_info->ring_buffer->feature_bits.value = 1;
205 
206 	ring_info->ring_size = page_cnt << PAGE_SHIFT;
207 	ring_info->ring_datasize = ring_info->ring_size -
208 		sizeof(struct hv_ring_buffer);
209 
210 	spin_lock_init(&ring_info->ring_lock);
211 
212 	return 0;
213 }
214 
215 /* Cleanup the ring buffer. */
216 void hv_ringbuffer_cleanup(struct hv_ring_buffer_info *ring_info)
217 {
218 	vunmap(ring_info->ring_buffer);
219 }
220 
221 /* Write to the ring buffer. */
222 int hv_ringbuffer_write(struct vmbus_channel *channel,
223 			const struct kvec *kv_list, u32 kv_count)
224 {
225 	int i;
226 	u32 bytes_avail_towrite;
227 	u32 totalbytes_towrite = sizeof(u64);
228 	u32 next_write_location;
229 	u32 old_write;
230 	u64 prev_indices;
231 	unsigned long flags;
232 	struct hv_ring_buffer_info *outring_info = &channel->outbound;
233 
234 	if (channel->rescind)
235 		return -ENODEV;
236 
237 	for (i = 0; i < kv_count; i++)
238 		totalbytes_towrite += kv_list[i].iov_len;
239 
240 	spin_lock_irqsave(&outring_info->ring_lock, flags);
241 
242 	bytes_avail_towrite = hv_get_bytes_to_write(outring_info);
243 
244 	/*
245 	 * If there is only room for the packet, assume it is full.
246 	 * Otherwise, the next time around, we think the ring buffer
247 	 * is empty since the read index == write index.
248 	 */
249 	if (bytes_avail_towrite <= totalbytes_towrite) {
250 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&outring_info->ring_lock, flags);
251 		return -EAGAIN;
252 	}
253 
254 	/* Write to the ring buffer */
255 	next_write_location = hv_get_next_write_location(outring_info);
256 
257 	old_write = next_write_location;
258 
259 	for (i = 0; i < kv_count; i++) {
260 		next_write_location = hv_copyto_ringbuffer(outring_info,
261 						     next_write_location,
262 						     kv_list[i].iov_base,
263 						     kv_list[i].iov_len);
264 	}
265 
266 	/* Set previous packet start */
267 	prev_indices = hv_get_ring_bufferindices(outring_info);
268 
269 	next_write_location = hv_copyto_ringbuffer(outring_info,
270 					     next_write_location,
271 					     &prev_indices,
272 					     sizeof(u64));
273 
274 	/* Issue a full memory barrier before updating the write index */
275 	virt_mb();
276 
277 	/* Now, update the write location */
278 	hv_set_next_write_location(outring_info, next_write_location);
279 
280 
281 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&outring_info->ring_lock, flags);
282 
283 	hv_signal_on_write(old_write, channel);
284 
285 	if (channel->rescind)
286 		return -ENODEV;
287 
288 	return 0;
289 }
290 
291 int hv_ringbuffer_read(struct vmbus_channel *channel,
292 		       void *buffer, u32 buflen, u32 *buffer_actual_len,
293 		       u64 *requestid, bool raw)
294 {
295 	struct vmpacket_descriptor *desc;
296 	u32 packetlen, offset;
297 
298 	if (unlikely(buflen == 0))
299 		return -EINVAL;
300 
301 	*buffer_actual_len = 0;
302 	*requestid = 0;
303 
304 	/* Make sure there is something to read */
305 	desc = hv_pkt_iter_first(channel);
306 	if (desc == NULL) {
307 		/*
308 		 * No error is set when there is even no header, drivers are
309 		 * supposed to analyze buffer_actual_len.
310 		 */
311 		return 0;
312 	}
313 
314 	offset = raw ? 0 : (desc->offset8 << 3);
315 	packetlen = (desc->len8 << 3) - offset;
316 	*buffer_actual_len = packetlen;
317 	*requestid = desc->trans_id;
318 
319 	if (unlikely(packetlen > buflen))
320 		return -ENOBUFS;
321 
322 	/* since ring is double mapped, only one copy is necessary */
323 	memcpy(buffer, (const char *)desc + offset, packetlen);
324 
325 	/* Advance ring index to next packet descriptor */
326 	__hv_pkt_iter_next(channel, desc);
327 
328 	/* Notify host of update */
329 	hv_pkt_iter_close(channel);
330 
331 	return 0;
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Determine number of bytes available in ring buffer after
336  * the current iterator (priv_read_index) location.
337  *
338  * This is similar to hv_get_bytes_to_read but with private
339  * read index instead.
340  */
341 static u32 hv_pkt_iter_avail(const struct hv_ring_buffer_info *rbi)
342 {
343 	u32 priv_read_loc = rbi->priv_read_index;
344 	u32 write_loc = READ_ONCE(rbi->ring_buffer->write_index);
345 
346 	if (write_loc >= priv_read_loc)
347 		return write_loc - priv_read_loc;
348 	else
349 		return (rbi->ring_datasize - priv_read_loc) + write_loc;
350 }
351 
352 /*
353  * Get first vmbus packet from ring buffer after read_index
354  *
355  * If ring buffer is empty, returns NULL and no other action needed.
356  */
357 struct vmpacket_descriptor *hv_pkt_iter_first(struct vmbus_channel *channel)
358 {
359 	struct hv_ring_buffer_info *rbi = &channel->inbound;
360 	struct vmpacket_descriptor *desc;
361 
362 	if (hv_pkt_iter_avail(rbi) < sizeof(struct vmpacket_descriptor))
363 		return NULL;
364 
365 	desc = hv_get_ring_buffer(rbi) + rbi->priv_read_index;
366 	if (desc)
367 		prefetch((char *)desc + (desc->len8 << 3));
368 
369 	return desc;
370 }
371 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_pkt_iter_first);
372 
373 /*
374  * Get next vmbus packet from ring buffer.
375  *
376  * Advances the current location (priv_read_index) and checks for more
377  * data. If the end of the ring buffer is reached, then return NULL.
378  */
379 struct vmpacket_descriptor *
380 __hv_pkt_iter_next(struct vmbus_channel *channel,
381 		   const struct vmpacket_descriptor *desc)
382 {
383 	struct hv_ring_buffer_info *rbi = &channel->inbound;
384 	u32 packetlen = desc->len8 << 3;
385 	u32 dsize = rbi->ring_datasize;
386 
387 	/* bump offset to next potential packet */
388 	rbi->priv_read_index += packetlen + VMBUS_PKT_TRAILER;
389 	if (rbi->priv_read_index >= dsize)
390 		rbi->priv_read_index -= dsize;
391 
392 	/* more data? */
393 	return hv_pkt_iter_first(channel);
394 }
395 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__hv_pkt_iter_next);
396 
397 /*
398  * Update host ring buffer after iterating over packets.
399  */
400 void hv_pkt_iter_close(struct vmbus_channel *channel)
401 {
402 	struct hv_ring_buffer_info *rbi = &channel->inbound;
403 	u32 orig_write_sz = hv_get_bytes_to_write(rbi);
404 
405 	/*
406 	 * Make sure all reads are done before we update the read index since
407 	 * the writer may start writing to the read area once the read index
408 	 * is updated.
409 	 */
410 	virt_rmb();
411 	rbi->ring_buffer->read_index = rbi->priv_read_index;
412 
413 	/*
414 	 * Issue a full memory barrier before making the signaling decision.
415 	 * Here is the reason for having this barrier:
416 	 * If the reading of the pend_sz (in this function)
417 	 * were to be reordered and read before we commit the new read
418 	 * index (in the calling function)  we could
419 	 * have a problem. If the host were to set the pending_sz after we
420 	 * have sampled pending_sz and go to sleep before we commit the
421 	 * read index, we could miss sending the interrupt. Issue a full
422 	 * memory barrier to address this.
423 	 */
424 	virt_mb();
425 
426 	/* If host has disabled notifications then skip */
427 	if (rbi->ring_buffer->interrupt_mask)
428 		return;
429 
430 	if (rbi->ring_buffer->feature_bits.feat_pending_send_sz) {
431 		u32 pending_sz = READ_ONCE(rbi->ring_buffer->pending_send_sz);
432 
433 		/*
434 		 * If there was space before we began iteration,
435 		 * then host was not blocked. Also handles case where
436 		 * pending_sz is zero then host has nothing pending
437 		 * and does not need to be signaled.
438 		 */
439 		if (orig_write_sz > pending_sz)
440 			return;
441 
442 		/* If pending write will not fit, don't give false hope. */
443 		if (hv_get_bytes_to_write(rbi) < pending_sz)
444 			return;
445 	}
446 
447 	vmbus_setevent(channel);
448 }
449 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hv_pkt_iter_close);
450