1 /* 2 * Copyright 2008 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. 3 * Copyright 2008 Red Hat Inc. 4 * Copyright 2009 Jerome Glisse. 5 * 6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a 7 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), 8 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation 9 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, 10 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the 11 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: 12 * 13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in 14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. 15 * 16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR 17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL 19 * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) OR AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR 20 * OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, 21 * ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR 22 * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. 23 * 24 * Authors: Dave Airlie 25 * Alex Deucher 26 * Jerome Glisse 27 */ 28 29 /** 30 * DOC: Interrupt Handling 31 * 32 * Interrupts generated within GPU hardware raise interrupt requests that are 33 * passed to amdgpu IRQ handler which is responsible for detecting source and 34 * type of the interrupt and dispatching matching handlers. If handling an 35 * interrupt requires calling kernel functions that may sleep processing is 36 * dispatched to work handlers. 37 * 38 * If MSI functionality is not disabled by module parameter then MSI 39 * support will be enabled. 40 * 41 * For GPU interrupt sources that may be driven by another driver, IRQ domain 42 * support is used (with mapping between virtual and hardware IRQs). 43 */ 44 45 #include <linux/irq.h> 46 #include <linux/pci.h> 47 48 #include <drm/drm_crtc_helper.h> 49 #include <drm/drm_irq.h> 50 #include <drm/drm_vblank.h> 51 #include <drm/amdgpu_drm.h> 52 #include "amdgpu.h" 53 #include "amdgpu_ih.h" 54 #include "atom.h" 55 #include "amdgpu_connectors.h" 56 #include "amdgpu_trace.h" 57 #include "amdgpu_amdkfd.h" 58 #include "amdgpu_ras.h" 59 60 #include <linux/pm_runtime.h> 61 62 #ifdef CONFIG_DRM_AMD_DC 63 #include "amdgpu_dm_irq.h" 64 #endif 65 66 #define AMDGPU_WAIT_IDLE_TIMEOUT 200 67 68 /** 69 * amdgpu_hotplug_work_func - work handler for display hotplug event 70 * 71 * @work: work struct pointer 72 * 73 * This is the hotplug event work handler (all ASICs). 74 * The work gets scheduled from the IRQ handler if there 75 * was a hotplug interrupt. It walks through the connector table 76 * and calls hotplug handler for each connector. After this, it sends 77 * a DRM hotplug event to alert userspace. 78 * 79 * This design approach is required in order to defer hotplug event handling 80 * from the IRQ handler to a work handler because hotplug handler has to use 81 * mutexes which cannot be locked in an IRQ handler (since &mutex_lock may 82 * sleep). 83 */ 84 static void amdgpu_hotplug_work_func(struct work_struct *work) 85 { 86 struct amdgpu_device *adev = container_of(work, struct amdgpu_device, 87 hotplug_work); 88 struct drm_device *dev = adev->ddev; 89 struct drm_mode_config *mode_config = &dev->mode_config; 90 struct drm_connector *connector; 91 struct drm_connector_list_iter iter; 92 93 mutex_lock(&mode_config->mutex); 94 drm_connector_list_iter_begin(dev, &iter); 95 drm_for_each_connector_iter(connector, &iter) 96 amdgpu_connector_hotplug(connector); 97 drm_connector_list_iter_end(&iter); 98 mutex_unlock(&mode_config->mutex); 99 /* Just fire off a uevent and let userspace tell us what to do */ 100 drm_helper_hpd_irq_event(dev); 101 } 102 103 /** 104 * amdgpu_irq_disable_all - disable *all* interrupts 105 * 106 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 107 * 108 * Disable all types of interrupts from all sources. 109 */ 110 void amdgpu_irq_disable_all(struct amdgpu_device *adev) 111 { 112 unsigned long irqflags; 113 unsigned i, j, k; 114 int r; 115 116 spin_lock_irqsave(&adev->irq.lock, irqflags); 117 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_IRQ_CLIENTID_MAX; ++i) { 118 if (!adev->irq.client[i].sources) 119 continue; 120 121 for (j = 0; j < AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID; ++j) { 122 struct amdgpu_irq_src *src = adev->irq.client[i].sources[j]; 123 124 if (!src || !src->funcs->set || !src->num_types) 125 continue; 126 127 for (k = 0; k < src->num_types; ++k) { 128 atomic_set(&src->enabled_types[k], 0); 129 r = src->funcs->set(adev, src, k, 130 AMDGPU_IRQ_STATE_DISABLE); 131 if (r) 132 DRM_ERROR("error disabling interrupt (%d)\n", 133 r); 134 } 135 } 136 } 137 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&adev->irq.lock, irqflags); 138 } 139 140 /** 141 * amdgpu_irq_handler - IRQ handler 142 * 143 * @irq: IRQ number (unused) 144 * @arg: pointer to DRM device 145 * 146 * IRQ handler for amdgpu driver (all ASICs). 147 * 148 * Returns: 149 * result of handling the IRQ, as defined by &irqreturn_t 150 */ 151 irqreturn_t amdgpu_irq_handler(int irq, void *arg) 152 { 153 struct drm_device *dev = (struct drm_device *) arg; 154 struct amdgpu_device *adev = dev->dev_private; 155 irqreturn_t ret; 156 157 ret = amdgpu_ih_process(adev, &adev->irq.ih); 158 if (ret == IRQ_HANDLED) 159 pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(dev->dev); 160 161 /* For the hardware that cannot enable bif ring for both ras_controller_irq 162 * and ras_err_evnet_athub_irq ih cookies, the driver has to poll status 163 * register to check whether the interrupt is triggered or not, and properly 164 * ack the interrupt if it is there 165 */ 166 if (amdgpu_ras_is_supported(adev, AMDGPU_RAS_BLOCK__PCIE_BIF)) { 167 if (adev->nbio.funcs && 168 adev->nbio.funcs->handle_ras_controller_intr_no_bifring) 169 adev->nbio.funcs->handle_ras_controller_intr_no_bifring(adev); 170 171 if (adev->nbio.funcs && 172 adev->nbio.funcs->handle_ras_err_event_athub_intr_no_bifring) 173 adev->nbio.funcs->handle_ras_err_event_athub_intr_no_bifring(adev); 174 } 175 176 return ret; 177 } 178 179 /** 180 * amdgpu_irq_handle_ih1 - kick of processing for IH1 181 * 182 * @work: work structure in struct amdgpu_irq 183 * 184 * Kick of processing IH ring 1. 185 */ 186 static void amdgpu_irq_handle_ih1(struct work_struct *work) 187 { 188 struct amdgpu_device *adev = container_of(work, struct amdgpu_device, 189 irq.ih1_work); 190 191 amdgpu_ih_process(adev, &adev->irq.ih1); 192 } 193 194 /** 195 * amdgpu_irq_handle_ih2 - kick of processing for IH2 196 * 197 * @work: work structure in struct amdgpu_irq 198 * 199 * Kick of processing IH ring 2. 200 */ 201 static void amdgpu_irq_handle_ih2(struct work_struct *work) 202 { 203 struct amdgpu_device *adev = container_of(work, struct amdgpu_device, 204 irq.ih2_work); 205 206 amdgpu_ih_process(adev, &adev->irq.ih2); 207 } 208 209 /** 210 * amdgpu_msi_ok - check whether MSI functionality is enabled 211 * 212 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer (unused) 213 * 214 * Checks whether MSI functionality has been disabled via module parameter 215 * (all ASICs). 216 * 217 * Returns: 218 * *true* if MSIs are allowed to be enabled or *false* otherwise 219 */ 220 static bool amdgpu_msi_ok(struct amdgpu_device *adev) 221 { 222 if (amdgpu_msi == 1) 223 return true; 224 else if (amdgpu_msi == 0) 225 return false; 226 227 return true; 228 } 229 230 /** 231 * amdgpu_irq_init - initialize interrupt handling 232 * 233 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 234 * 235 * Sets up work functions for hotplug and reset interrupts, enables MSI 236 * functionality, initializes vblank, hotplug and reset interrupt handling. 237 * 238 * Returns: 239 * 0 on success or error code on failure 240 */ 241 int amdgpu_irq_init(struct amdgpu_device *adev) 242 { 243 int r = 0; 244 245 spin_lock_init(&adev->irq.lock); 246 247 /* Enable MSI if not disabled by module parameter */ 248 adev->irq.msi_enabled = false; 249 250 if (amdgpu_msi_ok(adev)) { 251 int nvec = pci_msix_vec_count(adev->pdev); 252 unsigned int flags; 253 254 if (nvec <= 0) { 255 flags = PCI_IRQ_MSI; 256 } else { 257 flags = PCI_IRQ_MSI | PCI_IRQ_MSIX; 258 } 259 /* we only need one vector */ 260 nvec = pci_alloc_irq_vectors(adev->pdev, 1, 1, flags); 261 if (nvec > 0) { 262 adev->irq.msi_enabled = true; 263 dev_dbg(adev->dev, "amdgpu: using MSI/MSI-X.\n"); 264 } 265 } 266 267 if (!amdgpu_device_has_dc_support(adev)) { 268 if (!adev->enable_virtual_display) 269 /* Disable vblank IRQs aggressively for power-saving */ 270 /* XXX: can this be enabled for DC? */ 271 adev->ddev->vblank_disable_immediate = true; 272 273 r = drm_vblank_init(adev->ddev, adev->mode_info.num_crtc); 274 if (r) 275 return r; 276 277 /* Pre-DCE11 */ 278 INIT_WORK(&adev->hotplug_work, 279 amdgpu_hotplug_work_func); 280 } 281 282 INIT_WORK(&adev->irq.ih1_work, amdgpu_irq_handle_ih1); 283 INIT_WORK(&adev->irq.ih2_work, amdgpu_irq_handle_ih2); 284 285 adev->irq.installed = true; 286 /* Use vector 0 for MSI-X */ 287 r = drm_irq_install(adev->ddev, pci_irq_vector(adev->pdev, 0)); 288 if (r) { 289 adev->irq.installed = false; 290 if (!amdgpu_device_has_dc_support(adev)) 291 flush_work(&adev->hotplug_work); 292 return r; 293 } 294 adev->ddev->max_vblank_count = 0x00ffffff; 295 296 DRM_DEBUG("amdgpu: irq initialized.\n"); 297 return 0; 298 } 299 300 /** 301 * amdgpu_irq_fini - shut down interrupt handling 302 * 303 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 304 * 305 * Tears down work functions for hotplug and reset interrupts, disables MSI 306 * functionality, shuts down vblank, hotplug and reset interrupt handling, 307 * turns off interrupts from all sources (all ASICs). 308 */ 309 void amdgpu_irq_fini(struct amdgpu_device *adev) 310 { 311 unsigned i, j; 312 313 if (adev->irq.installed) { 314 drm_irq_uninstall(adev->ddev); 315 adev->irq.installed = false; 316 if (adev->irq.msi_enabled) 317 pci_free_irq_vectors(adev->pdev); 318 if (!amdgpu_device_has_dc_support(adev)) 319 flush_work(&adev->hotplug_work); 320 } 321 322 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_IRQ_CLIENTID_MAX; ++i) { 323 if (!adev->irq.client[i].sources) 324 continue; 325 326 for (j = 0; j < AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID; ++j) { 327 struct amdgpu_irq_src *src = adev->irq.client[i].sources[j]; 328 329 if (!src) 330 continue; 331 332 kfree(src->enabled_types); 333 src->enabled_types = NULL; 334 if (src->data) { 335 kfree(src->data); 336 kfree(src); 337 adev->irq.client[i].sources[j] = NULL; 338 } 339 } 340 kfree(adev->irq.client[i].sources); 341 adev->irq.client[i].sources = NULL; 342 } 343 } 344 345 /** 346 * amdgpu_irq_add_id - register IRQ source 347 * 348 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 349 * @client_id: client id 350 * @src_id: source id 351 * @source: IRQ source pointer 352 * 353 * Registers IRQ source on a client. 354 * 355 * Returns: 356 * 0 on success or error code otherwise 357 */ 358 int amdgpu_irq_add_id(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 359 unsigned client_id, unsigned src_id, 360 struct amdgpu_irq_src *source) 361 { 362 if (client_id >= AMDGPU_IRQ_CLIENTID_MAX) 363 return -EINVAL; 364 365 if (src_id >= AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID) 366 return -EINVAL; 367 368 if (!source->funcs) 369 return -EINVAL; 370 371 if (!adev->irq.client[client_id].sources) { 372 adev->irq.client[client_id].sources = 373 kcalloc(AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID, 374 sizeof(struct amdgpu_irq_src *), 375 GFP_KERNEL); 376 if (!adev->irq.client[client_id].sources) 377 return -ENOMEM; 378 } 379 380 if (adev->irq.client[client_id].sources[src_id] != NULL) 381 return -EINVAL; 382 383 if (source->num_types && !source->enabled_types) { 384 atomic_t *types; 385 386 types = kcalloc(source->num_types, sizeof(atomic_t), 387 GFP_KERNEL); 388 if (!types) 389 return -ENOMEM; 390 391 source->enabled_types = types; 392 } 393 394 adev->irq.client[client_id].sources[src_id] = source; 395 return 0; 396 } 397 398 /** 399 * amdgpu_irq_dispatch - dispatch IRQ to IP blocks 400 * 401 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 402 * @ih: interrupt ring instance 403 * 404 * Dispatches IRQ to IP blocks. 405 */ 406 void amdgpu_irq_dispatch(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 407 struct amdgpu_ih_ring *ih) 408 { 409 u32 ring_index = ih->rptr >> 2; 410 struct amdgpu_iv_entry entry; 411 unsigned client_id, src_id; 412 struct amdgpu_irq_src *src; 413 bool handled = false; 414 int r; 415 416 entry.iv_entry = (const uint32_t *)&ih->ring[ring_index]; 417 amdgpu_ih_decode_iv(adev, &entry); 418 419 trace_amdgpu_iv(ih - &adev->irq.ih, &entry); 420 421 client_id = entry.client_id; 422 src_id = entry.src_id; 423 424 if (client_id >= AMDGPU_IRQ_CLIENTID_MAX) { 425 DRM_DEBUG("Invalid client_id in IV: %d\n", client_id); 426 427 } else if (src_id >= AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID) { 428 DRM_DEBUG("Invalid src_id in IV: %d\n", src_id); 429 430 } else if (adev->irq.virq[src_id]) { 431 generic_handle_irq(irq_find_mapping(adev->irq.domain, src_id)); 432 433 } else if (!adev->irq.client[client_id].sources) { 434 DRM_DEBUG("Unregistered interrupt client_id: %d src_id: %d\n", 435 client_id, src_id); 436 437 } else if ((src = adev->irq.client[client_id].sources[src_id])) { 438 r = src->funcs->process(adev, src, &entry); 439 if (r < 0) 440 DRM_ERROR("error processing interrupt (%d)\n", r); 441 else if (r) 442 handled = true; 443 444 } else { 445 DRM_DEBUG("Unhandled interrupt src_id: %d\n", src_id); 446 } 447 448 /* Send it to amdkfd as well if it isn't already handled */ 449 if (!handled) 450 amdgpu_amdkfd_interrupt(adev, entry.iv_entry); 451 } 452 453 /** 454 * amdgpu_irq_update - update hardware interrupt state 455 * 456 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 457 * @src: interrupt source pointer 458 * @type: type of interrupt 459 * 460 * Updates interrupt state for the specific source (all ASICs). 461 */ 462 int amdgpu_irq_update(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 463 struct amdgpu_irq_src *src, unsigned type) 464 { 465 unsigned long irqflags; 466 enum amdgpu_interrupt_state state; 467 int r; 468 469 spin_lock_irqsave(&adev->irq.lock, irqflags); 470 471 /* We need to determine after taking the lock, otherwise 472 we might disable just enabled interrupts again */ 473 if (amdgpu_irq_enabled(adev, src, type)) 474 state = AMDGPU_IRQ_STATE_ENABLE; 475 else 476 state = AMDGPU_IRQ_STATE_DISABLE; 477 478 r = src->funcs->set(adev, src, type, state); 479 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&adev->irq.lock, irqflags); 480 return r; 481 } 482 483 /** 484 * amdgpu_irq_gpu_reset_resume_helper - update interrupt states on all sources 485 * 486 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 487 * 488 * Updates state of all types of interrupts on all sources on resume after 489 * reset. 490 */ 491 void amdgpu_irq_gpu_reset_resume_helper(struct amdgpu_device *adev) 492 { 493 int i, j, k; 494 495 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_IRQ_CLIENTID_MAX; ++i) { 496 if (!adev->irq.client[i].sources) 497 continue; 498 499 for (j = 0; j < AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID; ++j) { 500 struct amdgpu_irq_src *src = adev->irq.client[i].sources[j]; 501 502 if (!src) 503 continue; 504 for (k = 0; k < src->num_types; k++) 505 amdgpu_irq_update(adev, src, k); 506 } 507 } 508 } 509 510 /** 511 * amdgpu_irq_get - enable interrupt 512 * 513 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 514 * @src: interrupt source pointer 515 * @type: type of interrupt 516 * 517 * Enables specified type of interrupt on the specified source (all ASICs). 518 * 519 * Returns: 520 * 0 on success or error code otherwise 521 */ 522 int amdgpu_irq_get(struct amdgpu_device *adev, struct amdgpu_irq_src *src, 523 unsigned type) 524 { 525 if (!adev->ddev->irq_enabled) 526 return -ENOENT; 527 528 if (type >= src->num_types) 529 return -EINVAL; 530 531 if (!src->enabled_types || !src->funcs->set) 532 return -EINVAL; 533 534 if (atomic_inc_return(&src->enabled_types[type]) == 1) 535 return amdgpu_irq_update(adev, src, type); 536 537 return 0; 538 } 539 540 /** 541 * amdgpu_irq_put - disable interrupt 542 * 543 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 544 * @src: interrupt source pointer 545 * @type: type of interrupt 546 * 547 * Enables specified type of interrupt on the specified source (all ASICs). 548 * 549 * Returns: 550 * 0 on success or error code otherwise 551 */ 552 int amdgpu_irq_put(struct amdgpu_device *adev, struct amdgpu_irq_src *src, 553 unsigned type) 554 { 555 if (!adev->ddev->irq_enabled) 556 return -ENOENT; 557 558 if (type >= src->num_types) 559 return -EINVAL; 560 561 if (!src->enabled_types || !src->funcs->set) 562 return -EINVAL; 563 564 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&src->enabled_types[type])) 565 return amdgpu_irq_update(adev, src, type); 566 567 return 0; 568 } 569 570 /** 571 * amdgpu_irq_enabled - check whether interrupt is enabled or not 572 * 573 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 574 * @src: interrupt source pointer 575 * @type: type of interrupt 576 * 577 * Checks whether the given type of interrupt is enabled on the given source. 578 * 579 * Returns: 580 * *true* if interrupt is enabled, *false* if interrupt is disabled or on 581 * invalid parameters 582 */ 583 bool amdgpu_irq_enabled(struct amdgpu_device *adev, struct amdgpu_irq_src *src, 584 unsigned type) 585 { 586 if (!adev->ddev->irq_enabled) 587 return false; 588 589 if (type >= src->num_types) 590 return false; 591 592 if (!src->enabled_types || !src->funcs->set) 593 return false; 594 595 return !!atomic_read(&src->enabled_types[type]); 596 } 597 598 /* XXX: Generic IRQ handling */ 599 static void amdgpu_irq_mask(struct irq_data *irqd) 600 { 601 /* XXX */ 602 } 603 604 static void amdgpu_irq_unmask(struct irq_data *irqd) 605 { 606 /* XXX */ 607 } 608 609 /* amdgpu hardware interrupt chip descriptor */ 610 static struct irq_chip amdgpu_irq_chip = { 611 .name = "amdgpu-ih", 612 .irq_mask = amdgpu_irq_mask, 613 .irq_unmask = amdgpu_irq_unmask, 614 }; 615 616 /** 617 * amdgpu_irqdomain_map - create mapping between virtual and hardware IRQ numbers 618 * 619 * @d: amdgpu IRQ domain pointer (unused) 620 * @irq: virtual IRQ number 621 * @hwirq: hardware irq number 622 * 623 * Current implementation assigns simple interrupt handler to the given virtual 624 * IRQ. 625 * 626 * Returns: 627 * 0 on success or error code otherwise 628 */ 629 static int amdgpu_irqdomain_map(struct irq_domain *d, 630 unsigned int irq, irq_hw_number_t hwirq) 631 { 632 if (hwirq >= AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID) 633 return -EPERM; 634 635 irq_set_chip_and_handler(irq, 636 &amdgpu_irq_chip, handle_simple_irq); 637 return 0; 638 } 639 640 /* Implementation of methods for amdgpu IRQ domain */ 641 static const struct irq_domain_ops amdgpu_hw_irqdomain_ops = { 642 .map = amdgpu_irqdomain_map, 643 }; 644 645 /** 646 * amdgpu_irq_add_domain - create a linear IRQ domain 647 * 648 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 649 * 650 * Creates an IRQ domain for GPU interrupt sources 651 * that may be driven by another driver (e.g., ACP). 652 * 653 * Returns: 654 * 0 on success or error code otherwise 655 */ 656 int amdgpu_irq_add_domain(struct amdgpu_device *adev) 657 { 658 adev->irq.domain = irq_domain_add_linear(NULL, AMDGPU_MAX_IRQ_SRC_ID, 659 &amdgpu_hw_irqdomain_ops, adev); 660 if (!adev->irq.domain) { 661 DRM_ERROR("GPU irq add domain failed\n"); 662 return -ENODEV; 663 } 664 665 return 0; 666 } 667 668 /** 669 * amdgpu_irq_remove_domain - remove the IRQ domain 670 * 671 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 672 * 673 * Removes the IRQ domain for GPU interrupt sources 674 * that may be driven by another driver (e.g., ACP). 675 */ 676 void amdgpu_irq_remove_domain(struct amdgpu_device *adev) 677 { 678 if (adev->irq.domain) { 679 irq_domain_remove(adev->irq.domain); 680 adev->irq.domain = NULL; 681 } 682 } 683 684 /** 685 * amdgpu_irq_create_mapping - create mapping between domain Linux IRQs 686 * 687 * @adev: amdgpu device pointer 688 * @src_id: IH source id 689 * 690 * Creates mapping between a domain IRQ (GPU IH src id) and a Linux IRQ 691 * Use this for components that generate a GPU interrupt, but are driven 692 * by a different driver (e.g., ACP). 693 * 694 * Returns: 695 * Linux IRQ 696 */ 697 unsigned amdgpu_irq_create_mapping(struct amdgpu_device *adev, unsigned src_id) 698 { 699 adev->irq.virq[src_id] = irq_create_mapping(adev->irq.domain, src_id); 700 701 return adev->irq.virq[src_id]; 702 } 703