1 /* 2 * Copyright 2015 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. 3 * 4 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a 5 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), 6 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation 7 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, 8 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the 9 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: 10 * 11 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in 12 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. 13 * 14 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR 15 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 16 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL 17 * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) OR AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR 18 * OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, 19 * ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR 20 * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. 21 * 22 * Authors: monk liu <monk.liu@amd.com> 23 */ 24 25 #include <drm/drm_auth.h> 26 #include "amdgpu.h" 27 #include "amdgpu_sched.h" 28 #include "amdgpu_ras.h" 29 #include <linux/nospec.h> 30 31 #define to_amdgpu_ctx_entity(e) \ 32 container_of((e), struct amdgpu_ctx_entity, entity) 33 34 const unsigned int amdgpu_ctx_num_entities[AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM] = { 35 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_GFX] = 1, 36 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_COMPUTE] = 4, 37 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_DMA] = 2, 38 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_UVD] = 1, 39 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_VCE] = 1, 40 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_UVD_ENC] = 1, 41 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_VCN_DEC] = 1, 42 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_VCN_ENC] = 1, 43 [AMDGPU_HW_IP_VCN_JPEG] = 1, 44 }; 45 46 static int amdgpu_ctx_priority_permit(struct drm_file *filp, 47 enum drm_sched_priority priority) 48 { 49 if (priority < 0 || priority >= DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_COUNT) 50 return -EINVAL; 51 52 /* NORMAL and below are accessible by everyone */ 53 if (priority <= DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_NORMAL) 54 return 0; 55 56 if (capable(CAP_SYS_NICE)) 57 return 0; 58 59 if (drm_is_current_master(filp)) 60 return 0; 61 62 return -EACCES; 63 } 64 65 static enum gfx_pipe_priority amdgpu_ctx_sched_prio_to_compute_prio(enum drm_sched_priority prio) 66 { 67 switch (prio) { 68 case DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_HIGH: 69 case DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_KERNEL: 70 return AMDGPU_GFX_PIPE_PRIO_HIGH; 71 default: 72 return AMDGPU_GFX_PIPE_PRIO_NORMAL; 73 } 74 } 75 76 static unsigned int amdgpu_ctx_prio_sched_to_hw(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 77 enum drm_sched_priority prio, 78 u32 hw_ip) 79 { 80 unsigned int hw_prio; 81 82 hw_prio = (hw_ip == AMDGPU_HW_IP_COMPUTE) ? 83 amdgpu_ctx_sched_prio_to_compute_prio(prio) : 84 AMDGPU_RING_PRIO_DEFAULT; 85 hw_ip = array_index_nospec(hw_ip, AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM); 86 if (adev->gpu_sched[hw_ip][hw_prio].num_scheds == 0) 87 hw_prio = AMDGPU_RING_PRIO_DEFAULT; 88 89 return hw_prio; 90 } 91 92 static int amdgpu_ctx_init_entity(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx, u32 hw_ip, 93 const u32 ring) 94 { 95 struct amdgpu_device *adev = ctx->adev; 96 struct amdgpu_ctx_entity *entity; 97 struct drm_gpu_scheduler **scheds = NULL, *sched = NULL; 98 unsigned num_scheds = 0; 99 unsigned int hw_prio; 100 enum drm_sched_priority priority; 101 int r; 102 103 entity = kcalloc(1, offsetof(typeof(*entity), fences[amdgpu_sched_jobs]), 104 GFP_KERNEL); 105 if (!entity) 106 return -ENOMEM; 107 108 entity->sequence = 1; 109 priority = (ctx->override_priority == DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_UNSET) ? 110 ctx->init_priority : ctx->override_priority; 111 hw_prio = amdgpu_ctx_prio_sched_to_hw(adev, priority, hw_ip); 112 113 hw_ip = array_index_nospec(hw_ip, AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM); 114 scheds = adev->gpu_sched[hw_ip][hw_prio].sched; 115 num_scheds = adev->gpu_sched[hw_ip][hw_prio].num_scheds; 116 117 /* disable load balance if the hw engine retains context among dependent jobs */ 118 if (hw_ip == AMDGPU_HW_IP_VCN_ENC || 119 hw_ip == AMDGPU_HW_IP_VCN_DEC || 120 hw_ip == AMDGPU_HW_IP_UVD_ENC || 121 hw_ip == AMDGPU_HW_IP_UVD) { 122 sched = drm_sched_pick_best(scheds, num_scheds); 123 scheds = &sched; 124 num_scheds = 1; 125 } 126 127 r = drm_sched_entity_init(&entity->entity, priority, scheds, num_scheds, 128 &ctx->guilty); 129 if (r) 130 goto error_free_entity; 131 132 ctx->entities[hw_ip][ring] = entity; 133 return 0; 134 135 error_free_entity: 136 kfree(entity); 137 138 return r; 139 } 140 141 static int amdgpu_ctx_init(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 142 enum drm_sched_priority priority, 143 struct drm_file *filp, 144 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx) 145 { 146 int r; 147 148 r = amdgpu_ctx_priority_permit(filp, priority); 149 if (r) 150 return r; 151 152 memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx)); 153 154 ctx->adev = adev; 155 156 kref_init(&ctx->refcount); 157 spin_lock_init(&ctx->ring_lock); 158 mutex_init(&ctx->lock); 159 160 ctx->reset_counter = atomic_read(&adev->gpu_reset_counter); 161 ctx->reset_counter_query = ctx->reset_counter; 162 ctx->vram_lost_counter = atomic_read(&adev->vram_lost_counter); 163 ctx->init_priority = priority; 164 ctx->override_priority = DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_UNSET; 165 166 return 0; 167 } 168 169 static void amdgpu_ctx_fini_entity(struct amdgpu_ctx_entity *entity) 170 { 171 172 int i; 173 174 if (!entity) 175 return; 176 177 for (i = 0; i < amdgpu_sched_jobs; ++i) 178 dma_fence_put(entity->fences[i]); 179 180 kfree(entity); 181 } 182 183 static void amdgpu_ctx_fini(struct kref *ref) 184 { 185 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx = container_of(ref, struct amdgpu_ctx, refcount); 186 struct amdgpu_device *adev = ctx->adev; 187 unsigned i, j; 188 189 if (!adev) 190 return; 191 192 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM; ++i) { 193 for (j = 0; j < AMDGPU_MAX_ENTITY_NUM; ++j) { 194 amdgpu_ctx_fini_entity(ctx->entities[i][j]); 195 ctx->entities[i][j] = NULL; 196 } 197 } 198 199 mutex_destroy(&ctx->lock); 200 kfree(ctx); 201 } 202 203 int amdgpu_ctx_get_entity(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx, u32 hw_ip, u32 instance, 204 u32 ring, struct drm_sched_entity **entity) 205 { 206 int r; 207 208 if (hw_ip >= AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM) { 209 DRM_ERROR("unknown HW IP type: %d\n", hw_ip); 210 return -EINVAL; 211 } 212 213 /* Right now all IPs have only one instance - multiple rings. */ 214 if (instance != 0) { 215 DRM_DEBUG("invalid ip instance: %d\n", instance); 216 return -EINVAL; 217 } 218 219 if (ring >= amdgpu_ctx_num_entities[hw_ip]) { 220 DRM_DEBUG("invalid ring: %d %d\n", hw_ip, ring); 221 return -EINVAL; 222 } 223 224 if (ctx->entities[hw_ip][ring] == NULL) { 225 r = amdgpu_ctx_init_entity(ctx, hw_ip, ring); 226 if (r) 227 return r; 228 } 229 230 *entity = &ctx->entities[hw_ip][ring]->entity; 231 return 0; 232 } 233 234 static int amdgpu_ctx_alloc(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 235 struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv, 236 struct drm_file *filp, 237 enum drm_sched_priority priority, 238 uint32_t *id) 239 { 240 struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr = &fpriv->ctx_mgr; 241 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 242 int r; 243 244 ctx = kmalloc(sizeof(*ctx), GFP_KERNEL); 245 if (!ctx) 246 return -ENOMEM; 247 248 mutex_lock(&mgr->lock); 249 r = idr_alloc(&mgr->ctx_handles, ctx, 1, AMDGPU_VM_MAX_NUM_CTX, GFP_KERNEL); 250 if (r < 0) { 251 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 252 kfree(ctx); 253 return r; 254 } 255 256 *id = (uint32_t)r; 257 r = amdgpu_ctx_init(adev, priority, filp, ctx); 258 if (r) { 259 idr_remove(&mgr->ctx_handles, *id); 260 *id = 0; 261 kfree(ctx); 262 } 263 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 264 return r; 265 } 266 267 static void amdgpu_ctx_do_release(struct kref *ref) 268 { 269 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 270 u32 i, j; 271 272 ctx = container_of(ref, struct amdgpu_ctx, refcount); 273 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM; ++i) { 274 for (j = 0; j < amdgpu_ctx_num_entities[i]; ++j) { 275 if (!ctx->entities[i][j]) 276 continue; 277 278 drm_sched_entity_destroy(&ctx->entities[i][j]->entity); 279 } 280 } 281 282 amdgpu_ctx_fini(ref); 283 } 284 285 static int amdgpu_ctx_free(struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv, uint32_t id) 286 { 287 struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr = &fpriv->ctx_mgr; 288 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 289 290 mutex_lock(&mgr->lock); 291 ctx = idr_remove(&mgr->ctx_handles, id); 292 if (ctx) 293 kref_put(&ctx->refcount, amdgpu_ctx_do_release); 294 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 295 return ctx ? 0 : -EINVAL; 296 } 297 298 static int amdgpu_ctx_query(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 299 struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv, uint32_t id, 300 union drm_amdgpu_ctx_out *out) 301 { 302 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 303 struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr; 304 unsigned reset_counter; 305 306 if (!fpriv) 307 return -EINVAL; 308 309 mgr = &fpriv->ctx_mgr; 310 mutex_lock(&mgr->lock); 311 ctx = idr_find(&mgr->ctx_handles, id); 312 if (!ctx) { 313 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 314 return -EINVAL; 315 } 316 317 /* TODO: these two are always zero */ 318 out->state.flags = 0x0; 319 out->state.hangs = 0x0; 320 321 /* determine if a GPU reset has occured since the last call */ 322 reset_counter = atomic_read(&adev->gpu_reset_counter); 323 /* TODO: this should ideally return NO, GUILTY, or INNOCENT. */ 324 if (ctx->reset_counter_query == reset_counter) 325 out->state.reset_status = AMDGPU_CTX_NO_RESET; 326 else 327 out->state.reset_status = AMDGPU_CTX_UNKNOWN_RESET; 328 ctx->reset_counter_query = reset_counter; 329 330 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 331 return 0; 332 } 333 334 static int amdgpu_ctx_query2(struct amdgpu_device *adev, 335 struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv, uint32_t id, 336 union drm_amdgpu_ctx_out *out) 337 { 338 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 339 struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr; 340 unsigned long ras_counter; 341 342 if (!fpriv) 343 return -EINVAL; 344 345 mgr = &fpriv->ctx_mgr; 346 mutex_lock(&mgr->lock); 347 ctx = idr_find(&mgr->ctx_handles, id); 348 if (!ctx) { 349 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 350 return -EINVAL; 351 } 352 353 out->state.flags = 0x0; 354 out->state.hangs = 0x0; 355 356 if (ctx->reset_counter != atomic_read(&adev->gpu_reset_counter)) 357 out->state.flags |= AMDGPU_CTX_QUERY2_FLAGS_RESET; 358 359 if (ctx->vram_lost_counter != atomic_read(&adev->vram_lost_counter)) 360 out->state.flags |= AMDGPU_CTX_QUERY2_FLAGS_VRAMLOST; 361 362 if (atomic_read(&ctx->guilty)) 363 out->state.flags |= AMDGPU_CTX_QUERY2_FLAGS_GUILTY; 364 365 /*query ue count*/ 366 ras_counter = amdgpu_ras_query_error_count(adev, false); 367 /*ras counter is monotonic increasing*/ 368 if (ras_counter != ctx->ras_counter_ue) { 369 out->state.flags |= AMDGPU_CTX_QUERY2_FLAGS_RAS_UE; 370 ctx->ras_counter_ue = ras_counter; 371 } 372 373 /*query ce count*/ 374 ras_counter = amdgpu_ras_query_error_count(adev, true); 375 if (ras_counter != ctx->ras_counter_ce) { 376 out->state.flags |= AMDGPU_CTX_QUERY2_FLAGS_RAS_CE; 377 ctx->ras_counter_ce = ras_counter; 378 } 379 380 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 381 return 0; 382 } 383 384 int amdgpu_ctx_ioctl(struct drm_device *dev, void *data, 385 struct drm_file *filp) 386 { 387 int r; 388 uint32_t id; 389 enum drm_sched_priority priority; 390 391 union drm_amdgpu_ctx *args = data; 392 struct amdgpu_device *adev = drm_to_adev(dev); 393 struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv = filp->driver_priv; 394 395 id = args->in.ctx_id; 396 r = amdgpu_to_sched_priority(args->in.priority, &priority); 397 398 /* For backwards compatibility reasons, we need to accept 399 * ioctls with garbage in the priority field */ 400 if (r == -EINVAL) 401 priority = DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_NORMAL; 402 403 switch (args->in.op) { 404 case AMDGPU_CTX_OP_ALLOC_CTX: 405 r = amdgpu_ctx_alloc(adev, fpriv, filp, priority, &id); 406 args->out.alloc.ctx_id = id; 407 break; 408 case AMDGPU_CTX_OP_FREE_CTX: 409 r = amdgpu_ctx_free(fpriv, id); 410 break; 411 case AMDGPU_CTX_OP_QUERY_STATE: 412 r = amdgpu_ctx_query(adev, fpriv, id, &args->out); 413 break; 414 case AMDGPU_CTX_OP_QUERY_STATE2: 415 r = amdgpu_ctx_query2(adev, fpriv, id, &args->out); 416 break; 417 default: 418 return -EINVAL; 419 } 420 421 return r; 422 } 423 424 struct amdgpu_ctx *amdgpu_ctx_get(struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv, uint32_t id) 425 { 426 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 427 struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr; 428 429 if (!fpriv) 430 return NULL; 431 432 mgr = &fpriv->ctx_mgr; 433 434 mutex_lock(&mgr->lock); 435 ctx = idr_find(&mgr->ctx_handles, id); 436 if (ctx) 437 kref_get(&ctx->refcount); 438 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 439 return ctx; 440 } 441 442 int amdgpu_ctx_put(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx) 443 { 444 if (ctx == NULL) 445 return -EINVAL; 446 447 kref_put(&ctx->refcount, amdgpu_ctx_do_release); 448 return 0; 449 } 450 451 void amdgpu_ctx_add_fence(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx, 452 struct drm_sched_entity *entity, 453 struct dma_fence *fence, uint64_t* handle) 454 { 455 struct amdgpu_ctx_entity *centity = to_amdgpu_ctx_entity(entity); 456 uint64_t seq = centity->sequence; 457 struct dma_fence *other = NULL; 458 unsigned idx = 0; 459 460 idx = seq & (amdgpu_sched_jobs - 1); 461 other = centity->fences[idx]; 462 if (other) 463 BUG_ON(!dma_fence_is_signaled(other)); 464 465 dma_fence_get(fence); 466 467 spin_lock(&ctx->ring_lock); 468 centity->fences[idx] = fence; 469 centity->sequence++; 470 spin_unlock(&ctx->ring_lock); 471 472 dma_fence_put(other); 473 if (handle) 474 *handle = seq; 475 } 476 477 struct dma_fence *amdgpu_ctx_get_fence(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx, 478 struct drm_sched_entity *entity, 479 uint64_t seq) 480 { 481 struct amdgpu_ctx_entity *centity = to_amdgpu_ctx_entity(entity); 482 struct dma_fence *fence; 483 484 spin_lock(&ctx->ring_lock); 485 486 if (seq == ~0ull) 487 seq = centity->sequence - 1; 488 489 if (seq >= centity->sequence) { 490 spin_unlock(&ctx->ring_lock); 491 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); 492 } 493 494 495 if (seq + amdgpu_sched_jobs < centity->sequence) { 496 spin_unlock(&ctx->ring_lock); 497 return NULL; 498 } 499 500 fence = dma_fence_get(centity->fences[seq & (amdgpu_sched_jobs - 1)]); 501 spin_unlock(&ctx->ring_lock); 502 503 return fence; 504 } 505 506 static void amdgpu_ctx_set_entity_priority(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx, 507 struct amdgpu_ctx_entity *aentity, 508 int hw_ip, 509 enum drm_sched_priority priority) 510 { 511 struct amdgpu_device *adev = ctx->adev; 512 unsigned int hw_prio; 513 struct drm_gpu_scheduler **scheds = NULL; 514 unsigned num_scheds; 515 516 /* set sw priority */ 517 drm_sched_entity_set_priority(&aentity->entity, priority); 518 519 /* set hw priority */ 520 if (hw_ip == AMDGPU_HW_IP_COMPUTE) { 521 hw_prio = amdgpu_ctx_prio_sched_to_hw(adev, priority, 522 AMDGPU_HW_IP_COMPUTE); 523 hw_prio = array_index_nospec(hw_prio, AMDGPU_RING_PRIO_MAX); 524 scheds = adev->gpu_sched[hw_ip][hw_prio].sched; 525 num_scheds = adev->gpu_sched[hw_ip][hw_prio].num_scheds; 526 drm_sched_entity_modify_sched(&aentity->entity, scheds, 527 num_scheds); 528 } 529 } 530 531 void amdgpu_ctx_priority_override(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx, 532 enum drm_sched_priority priority) 533 { 534 enum drm_sched_priority ctx_prio; 535 unsigned i, j; 536 537 ctx->override_priority = priority; 538 539 ctx_prio = (ctx->override_priority == DRM_SCHED_PRIORITY_UNSET) ? 540 ctx->init_priority : ctx->override_priority; 541 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM; ++i) { 542 for (j = 0; j < amdgpu_ctx_num_entities[i]; ++j) { 543 if (!ctx->entities[i][j]) 544 continue; 545 546 amdgpu_ctx_set_entity_priority(ctx, ctx->entities[i][j], 547 i, ctx_prio); 548 } 549 } 550 } 551 552 int amdgpu_ctx_wait_prev_fence(struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx, 553 struct drm_sched_entity *entity) 554 { 555 struct amdgpu_ctx_entity *centity = to_amdgpu_ctx_entity(entity); 556 struct dma_fence *other; 557 unsigned idx; 558 long r; 559 560 spin_lock(&ctx->ring_lock); 561 idx = centity->sequence & (amdgpu_sched_jobs - 1); 562 other = dma_fence_get(centity->fences[idx]); 563 spin_unlock(&ctx->ring_lock); 564 565 if (!other) 566 return 0; 567 568 r = dma_fence_wait(other, true); 569 if (r < 0 && r != -ERESTARTSYS) 570 DRM_ERROR("Error (%ld) waiting for fence!\n", r); 571 572 dma_fence_put(other); 573 return r; 574 } 575 576 void amdgpu_ctx_mgr_init(struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr) 577 { 578 mutex_init(&mgr->lock); 579 idr_init(&mgr->ctx_handles); 580 } 581 582 long amdgpu_ctx_mgr_entity_flush(struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr, long timeout) 583 { 584 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 585 struct idr *idp; 586 uint32_t id, i, j; 587 588 idp = &mgr->ctx_handles; 589 590 mutex_lock(&mgr->lock); 591 idr_for_each_entry(idp, ctx, id) { 592 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM; ++i) { 593 for (j = 0; j < amdgpu_ctx_num_entities[i]; ++j) { 594 struct drm_sched_entity *entity; 595 596 if (!ctx->entities[i][j]) 597 continue; 598 599 entity = &ctx->entities[i][j]->entity; 600 timeout = drm_sched_entity_flush(entity, timeout); 601 } 602 } 603 } 604 mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock); 605 return timeout; 606 } 607 608 void amdgpu_ctx_mgr_entity_fini(struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr) 609 { 610 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 611 struct idr *idp; 612 uint32_t id, i, j; 613 614 idp = &mgr->ctx_handles; 615 616 idr_for_each_entry(idp, ctx, id) { 617 if (kref_read(&ctx->refcount) != 1) { 618 DRM_ERROR("ctx %p is still alive\n", ctx); 619 continue; 620 } 621 622 for (i = 0; i < AMDGPU_HW_IP_NUM; ++i) { 623 for (j = 0; j < amdgpu_ctx_num_entities[i]; ++j) { 624 struct drm_sched_entity *entity; 625 626 if (!ctx->entities[i][j]) 627 continue; 628 629 entity = &ctx->entities[i][j]->entity; 630 drm_sched_entity_fini(entity); 631 } 632 } 633 } 634 } 635 636 void amdgpu_ctx_mgr_fini(struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr) 637 { 638 struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx; 639 struct idr *idp; 640 uint32_t id; 641 642 amdgpu_ctx_mgr_entity_fini(mgr); 643 644 idp = &mgr->ctx_handles; 645 646 idr_for_each_entry(idp, ctx, id) { 647 if (kref_put(&ctx->refcount, amdgpu_ctx_fini) != 1) 648 DRM_ERROR("ctx %p is still alive\n", ctx); 649 } 650 651 idr_destroy(&mgr->ctx_handles); 652 mutex_destroy(&mgr->lock); 653 } 654