xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/edac/i5100_edac.c (revision de528723)
1 /*
2  * Intel 5100 Memory Controllers kernel module
3  *
4  * This file may be distributed under the terms of the
5  * GNU General Public License.
6  *
7  * This module is based on the following document:
8  *
9  * Intel 5100X Chipset Memory Controller Hub (MCH) - Datasheet
10  *      http://download.intel.com/design/chipsets/datashts/318378.pdf
11  *
12  * The intel 5100 has two independent channels. EDAC core currently
13  * can not reflect this configuration so instead the chip-select
14  * rows for each respective channel are laid out one after another,
15  * the first half belonging to channel 0, the second half belonging
16  * to channel 1.
17  *
18  * This driver is for DDR2 DIMMs, and it uses chip select to select among the
19  * several ranks. However, instead of showing memories as ranks, it outputs
20  * them as DIMM's. An internal table creates the association between ranks
21  * and DIMM's.
22  */
23 #include <linux/module.h>
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/pci.h>
26 #include <linux/pci_ids.h>
27 #include <linux/edac.h>
28 #include <linux/delay.h>
29 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
30 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
31 
32 #include "edac_module.h"
33 
34 /* register addresses */
35 
36 /* device 16, func 1 */
37 #define I5100_MC		0x40	/* Memory Control Register */
38 #define 	I5100_MC_SCRBEN_MASK	(1 << 7)
39 #define 	I5100_MC_SCRBDONE_MASK	(1 << 4)
40 #define I5100_MS		0x44	/* Memory Status Register */
41 #define I5100_SPDDATA		0x48	/* Serial Presence Detect Status Reg */
42 #define I5100_SPDCMD		0x4c	/* Serial Presence Detect Command Reg */
43 #define I5100_TOLM		0x6c	/* Top of Low Memory */
44 #define I5100_MIR0		0x80	/* Memory Interleave Range 0 */
45 #define I5100_MIR1		0x84	/* Memory Interleave Range 1 */
46 #define I5100_AMIR_0		0x8c	/* Adjusted Memory Interleave Range 0 */
47 #define I5100_AMIR_1		0x90	/* Adjusted Memory Interleave Range 1 */
48 #define I5100_FERR_NF_MEM	0xa0	/* MC First Non Fatal Errors */
49 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M16ERR_MASK	(1 << 16)
50 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M15ERR_MASK	(1 << 15)
51 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M14ERR_MASK	(1 << 14)
52 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M12ERR_MASK	(1 << 12)
53 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M11ERR_MASK	(1 << 11)
54 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M10ERR_MASK	(1 << 10)
55 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M6ERR_MASK	(1 << 6)
56 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M5ERR_MASK	(1 << 5)
57 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M4ERR_MASK	(1 << 4)
58 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M1ERR_MASK	(1 << 1)
59 #define		I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_ANY_MASK	\
60 			(I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M16ERR_MASK | \
61 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M15ERR_MASK | \
62 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M14ERR_MASK | \
63 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M12ERR_MASK | \
64 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M11ERR_MASK | \
65 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M10ERR_MASK | \
66 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M6ERR_MASK | \
67 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M5ERR_MASK | \
68 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M4ERR_MASK | \
69 			I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_M1ERR_MASK)
70 #define	I5100_NERR_NF_MEM	0xa4	/* MC Next Non-Fatal Errors */
71 #define I5100_EMASK_MEM		0xa8	/* MC Error Mask Register */
72 #define I5100_MEM0EINJMSK0	0x200	/* Injection Mask0 Register Channel 0 */
73 #define I5100_MEM1EINJMSK0	0x208	/* Injection Mask0 Register Channel 1 */
74 #define		I5100_MEMXEINJMSK0_EINJEN	(1 << 27)
75 #define I5100_MEM0EINJMSK1	0x204	/* Injection Mask1 Register Channel 0 */
76 #define I5100_MEM1EINJMSK1	0x206	/* Injection Mask1 Register Channel 1 */
77 
78 /* Device 19, Function 0 */
79 #define I5100_DINJ0 0x9a
80 
81 /* device 21 and 22, func 0 */
82 #define I5100_MTR_0	0x154	/* Memory Technology Registers 0-3 */
83 #define I5100_DMIR	0x15c	/* DIMM Interleave Range */
84 #define	I5100_VALIDLOG	0x18c	/* Valid Log Markers */
85 #define	I5100_NRECMEMA	0x190	/* Non-Recoverable Memory Error Log Reg A */
86 #define	I5100_NRECMEMB	0x194	/* Non-Recoverable Memory Error Log Reg B */
87 #define	I5100_REDMEMA	0x198	/* Recoverable Memory Data Error Log Reg A */
88 #define	I5100_REDMEMB	0x19c	/* Recoverable Memory Data Error Log Reg B */
89 #define	I5100_RECMEMA	0x1a0	/* Recoverable Memory Error Log Reg A */
90 #define	I5100_RECMEMB	0x1a4	/* Recoverable Memory Error Log Reg B */
91 #define I5100_MTR_4	0x1b0	/* Memory Technology Registers 4,5 */
92 
93 /* bit field accessors */
94 
95 static inline u32 i5100_mc_scrben(u32 mc)
96 {
97 	return mc >> 7 & 1;
98 }
99 
100 static inline u32 i5100_mc_errdeten(u32 mc)
101 {
102 	return mc >> 5 & 1;
103 }
104 
105 static inline u32 i5100_mc_scrbdone(u32 mc)
106 {
107 	return mc >> 4 & 1;
108 }
109 
110 static inline u16 i5100_spddata_rdo(u16 a)
111 {
112 	return a >> 15 & 1;
113 }
114 
115 static inline u16 i5100_spddata_sbe(u16 a)
116 {
117 	return a >> 13 & 1;
118 }
119 
120 static inline u16 i5100_spddata_busy(u16 a)
121 {
122 	return a >> 12 & 1;
123 }
124 
125 static inline u16 i5100_spddata_data(u16 a)
126 {
127 	return a & ((1 << 8) - 1);
128 }
129 
130 static inline u32 i5100_spdcmd_create(u32 dti, u32 ckovrd, u32 sa, u32 ba,
131 				      u32 data, u32 cmd)
132 {
133 	return	((dti & ((1 << 4) - 1))  << 28) |
134 		((ckovrd & 1)            << 27) |
135 		((sa & ((1 << 3) - 1))   << 24) |
136 		((ba & ((1 << 8) - 1))   << 16) |
137 		((data & ((1 << 8) - 1)) <<  8) |
138 		(cmd & 1);
139 }
140 
141 static inline u16 i5100_tolm_tolm(u16 a)
142 {
143 	return a >> 12 & ((1 << 4) - 1);
144 }
145 
146 static inline u16 i5100_mir_limit(u16 a)
147 {
148 	return a >> 4 & ((1 << 12) - 1);
149 }
150 
151 static inline u16 i5100_mir_way1(u16 a)
152 {
153 	return a >> 1 & 1;
154 }
155 
156 static inline u16 i5100_mir_way0(u16 a)
157 {
158 	return a & 1;
159 }
160 
161 static inline u32 i5100_ferr_nf_mem_chan_indx(u32 a)
162 {
163 	return a >> 28 & 1;
164 }
165 
166 static inline u32 i5100_ferr_nf_mem_any(u32 a)
167 {
168 	return a & I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_ANY_MASK;
169 }
170 
171 static inline u32 i5100_nerr_nf_mem_any(u32 a)
172 {
173 	return i5100_ferr_nf_mem_any(a);
174 }
175 
176 static inline u32 i5100_dmir_limit(u32 a)
177 {
178 	return a >> 16 & ((1 << 11) - 1);
179 }
180 
181 static inline u32 i5100_dmir_rank(u32 a, u32 i)
182 {
183 	return a >> (4 * i) & ((1 << 2) - 1);
184 }
185 
186 static inline u16 i5100_mtr_present(u16 a)
187 {
188 	return a >> 10 & 1;
189 }
190 
191 static inline u16 i5100_mtr_ethrottle(u16 a)
192 {
193 	return a >> 9 & 1;
194 }
195 
196 static inline u16 i5100_mtr_width(u16 a)
197 {
198 	return a >> 8 & 1;
199 }
200 
201 static inline u16 i5100_mtr_numbank(u16 a)
202 {
203 	return a >> 6 & 1;
204 }
205 
206 static inline u16 i5100_mtr_numrow(u16 a)
207 {
208 	return a >> 2 & ((1 << 2) - 1);
209 }
210 
211 static inline u16 i5100_mtr_numcol(u16 a)
212 {
213 	return a & ((1 << 2) - 1);
214 }
215 
216 
217 static inline u32 i5100_validlog_redmemvalid(u32 a)
218 {
219 	return a >> 2 & 1;
220 }
221 
222 static inline u32 i5100_validlog_recmemvalid(u32 a)
223 {
224 	return a >> 1 & 1;
225 }
226 
227 static inline u32 i5100_validlog_nrecmemvalid(u32 a)
228 {
229 	return a & 1;
230 }
231 
232 static inline u32 i5100_nrecmema_merr(u32 a)
233 {
234 	return a >> 15 & ((1 << 5) - 1);
235 }
236 
237 static inline u32 i5100_nrecmema_bank(u32 a)
238 {
239 	return a >> 12 & ((1 << 3) - 1);
240 }
241 
242 static inline u32 i5100_nrecmema_rank(u32 a)
243 {
244 	return a >>  8 & ((1 << 3) - 1);
245 }
246 
247 static inline u32 i5100_nrecmema_dm_buf_id(u32 a)
248 {
249 	return a & ((1 << 8) - 1);
250 }
251 
252 static inline u32 i5100_nrecmemb_cas(u32 a)
253 {
254 	return a >> 16 & ((1 << 13) - 1);
255 }
256 
257 static inline u32 i5100_nrecmemb_ras(u32 a)
258 {
259 	return a & ((1 << 16) - 1);
260 }
261 
262 static inline u32 i5100_redmemb_ecc_locator(u32 a)
263 {
264 	return a & ((1 << 18) - 1);
265 }
266 
267 static inline u32 i5100_recmema_merr(u32 a)
268 {
269 	return i5100_nrecmema_merr(a);
270 }
271 
272 static inline u32 i5100_recmema_bank(u32 a)
273 {
274 	return i5100_nrecmema_bank(a);
275 }
276 
277 static inline u32 i5100_recmema_rank(u32 a)
278 {
279 	return i5100_nrecmema_rank(a);
280 }
281 
282 static inline u32 i5100_recmemb_cas(u32 a)
283 {
284 	return i5100_nrecmemb_cas(a);
285 }
286 
287 static inline u32 i5100_recmemb_ras(u32 a)
288 {
289 	return i5100_nrecmemb_ras(a);
290 }
291 
292 /* some generic limits */
293 #define I5100_MAX_RANKS_PER_CHAN	6
294 #define I5100_CHANNELS			    2
295 #define I5100_MAX_RANKS_PER_DIMM	4
296 #define I5100_DIMM_ADDR_LINES		(6 - 3)	/* 64 bits / 8 bits per byte */
297 #define I5100_MAX_DIMM_SLOTS_PER_CHAN	4
298 #define I5100_MAX_RANK_INTERLEAVE	4
299 #define I5100_MAX_DMIRS			5
300 #define I5100_SCRUB_REFRESH_RATE	(5 * 60 * HZ)
301 
302 struct i5100_priv {
303 	/* ranks on each dimm -- 0 maps to not present -- obtained via SPD */
304 	int dimm_numrank[I5100_CHANNELS][I5100_MAX_DIMM_SLOTS_PER_CHAN];
305 
306 	/*
307 	 * mainboard chip select map -- maps i5100 chip selects to
308 	 * DIMM slot chip selects.  In the case of only 4 ranks per
309 	 * channel, the mapping is fairly obvious but not unique.
310 	 * we map -1 -> NC and assume both channels use the same
311 	 * map...
312 	 *
313 	 */
314 	int dimm_csmap[I5100_MAX_DIMM_SLOTS_PER_CHAN][I5100_MAX_RANKS_PER_DIMM];
315 
316 	/* memory interleave range */
317 	struct {
318 		u64	 limit;
319 		unsigned way[2];
320 	} mir[I5100_CHANNELS];
321 
322 	/* adjusted memory interleave range register */
323 	unsigned amir[I5100_CHANNELS];
324 
325 	/* dimm interleave range */
326 	struct {
327 		unsigned rank[I5100_MAX_RANK_INTERLEAVE];
328 		u64	 limit;
329 	} dmir[I5100_CHANNELS][I5100_MAX_DMIRS];
330 
331 	/* memory technology registers... */
332 	struct {
333 		unsigned present;	/* 0 or 1 */
334 		unsigned ethrottle;	/* 0 or 1 */
335 		unsigned width;		/* 4 or 8 bits  */
336 		unsigned numbank;	/* 2 or 3 lines */
337 		unsigned numrow;	/* 13 .. 16 lines */
338 		unsigned numcol;	/* 11 .. 12 lines */
339 	} mtr[I5100_CHANNELS][I5100_MAX_RANKS_PER_CHAN];
340 
341 	u64 tolm;		/* top of low memory in bytes */
342 	unsigned ranksperchan;	/* number of ranks per channel */
343 
344 	struct pci_dev *mc;	/* device 16 func 1 */
345 	struct pci_dev *einj;	/* device 19 func 0 */
346 	struct pci_dev *ch0mm;	/* device 21 func 0 */
347 	struct pci_dev *ch1mm;	/* device 22 func 0 */
348 
349 	struct delayed_work i5100_scrubbing;
350 	int scrub_enable;
351 
352 	/* Error injection */
353 	u8 inject_channel;
354 	u8 inject_hlinesel;
355 	u8 inject_deviceptr1;
356 	u8 inject_deviceptr2;
357 	u16 inject_eccmask1;
358 	u16 inject_eccmask2;
359 
360 	struct dentry *debugfs;
361 };
362 
363 static struct dentry *i5100_debugfs;
364 
365 /* map a rank/chan to a slot number on the mainboard */
366 static int i5100_rank_to_slot(const struct mem_ctl_info *mci,
367 			      int chan, int rank)
368 {
369 	const struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
370 	int i;
371 
372 	for (i = 0; i < I5100_MAX_DIMM_SLOTS_PER_CHAN; i++) {
373 		int j;
374 		const int numrank = priv->dimm_numrank[chan][i];
375 
376 		for (j = 0; j < numrank; j++)
377 			if (priv->dimm_csmap[i][j] == rank)
378 				return i * 2 + chan;
379 	}
380 
381 	return -1;
382 }
383 
384 static const char *i5100_err_msg(unsigned err)
385 {
386 	static const char *merrs[] = {
387 		"unknown", /* 0 */
388 		"uncorrectable data ECC on replay", /* 1 */
389 		"unknown", /* 2 */
390 		"unknown", /* 3 */
391 		"aliased uncorrectable demand data ECC", /* 4 */
392 		"aliased uncorrectable spare-copy data ECC", /* 5 */
393 		"aliased uncorrectable patrol data ECC", /* 6 */
394 		"unknown", /* 7 */
395 		"unknown", /* 8 */
396 		"unknown", /* 9 */
397 		"non-aliased uncorrectable demand data ECC", /* 10 */
398 		"non-aliased uncorrectable spare-copy data ECC", /* 11 */
399 		"non-aliased uncorrectable patrol data ECC", /* 12 */
400 		"unknown", /* 13 */
401 		"correctable demand data ECC", /* 14 */
402 		"correctable spare-copy data ECC", /* 15 */
403 		"correctable patrol data ECC", /* 16 */
404 		"unknown", /* 17 */
405 		"SPD protocol error", /* 18 */
406 		"unknown", /* 19 */
407 		"spare copy initiated", /* 20 */
408 		"spare copy completed", /* 21 */
409 	};
410 	unsigned i;
411 
412 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(merrs); i++)
413 		if (1 << i & err)
414 			return merrs[i];
415 
416 	return "none";
417 }
418 
419 /* convert csrow index into a rank (per channel -- 0..5) */
420 static unsigned int i5100_csrow_to_rank(const struct mem_ctl_info *mci,
421 					unsigned int csrow)
422 {
423 	const struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
424 
425 	return csrow % priv->ranksperchan;
426 }
427 
428 /* convert csrow index into a channel (0..1) */
429 static unsigned int i5100_csrow_to_chan(const struct mem_ctl_info *mci,
430 					unsigned int csrow)
431 {
432 	const struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
433 
434 	return csrow / priv->ranksperchan;
435 }
436 
437 static void i5100_handle_ce(struct mem_ctl_info *mci,
438 			    int chan,
439 			    unsigned bank,
440 			    unsigned rank,
441 			    unsigned long syndrome,
442 			    unsigned cas,
443 			    unsigned ras,
444 			    const char *msg)
445 {
446 	char detail[80];
447 
448 	/* Form out message */
449 	snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail),
450 		 "bank %u, cas %u, ras %u\n",
451 		 bank, cas, ras);
452 
453 	edac_mc_handle_error(HW_EVENT_ERR_CORRECTED, mci, 1,
454 			     0, 0, syndrome,
455 			     chan, rank, -1,
456 			     msg, detail);
457 }
458 
459 static void i5100_handle_ue(struct mem_ctl_info *mci,
460 			    int chan,
461 			    unsigned bank,
462 			    unsigned rank,
463 			    unsigned long syndrome,
464 			    unsigned cas,
465 			    unsigned ras,
466 			    const char *msg)
467 {
468 	char detail[80];
469 
470 	/* Form out message */
471 	snprintf(detail, sizeof(detail),
472 		 "bank %u, cas %u, ras %u\n",
473 		 bank, cas, ras);
474 
475 	edac_mc_handle_error(HW_EVENT_ERR_UNCORRECTED, mci, 1,
476 			     0, 0, syndrome,
477 			     chan, rank, -1,
478 			     msg, detail);
479 }
480 
481 static void i5100_read_log(struct mem_ctl_info *mci, int chan,
482 			   u32 ferr, u32 nerr)
483 {
484 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
485 	struct pci_dev *pdev = (chan) ? priv->ch1mm : priv->ch0mm;
486 	u32 dw;
487 	u32 dw2;
488 	unsigned syndrome = 0;
489 	unsigned ecc_loc = 0;
490 	unsigned merr;
491 	unsigned bank;
492 	unsigned rank;
493 	unsigned cas;
494 	unsigned ras;
495 
496 	pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_VALIDLOG, &dw);
497 
498 	if (i5100_validlog_redmemvalid(dw)) {
499 		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_REDMEMA, &dw2);
500 		syndrome = dw2;
501 		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_REDMEMB, &dw2);
502 		ecc_loc = i5100_redmemb_ecc_locator(dw2);
503 	}
504 
505 	if (i5100_validlog_recmemvalid(dw)) {
506 		const char *msg;
507 
508 		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_RECMEMA, &dw2);
509 		merr = i5100_recmema_merr(dw2);
510 		bank = i5100_recmema_bank(dw2);
511 		rank = i5100_recmema_rank(dw2);
512 
513 		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_RECMEMB, &dw2);
514 		cas = i5100_recmemb_cas(dw2);
515 		ras = i5100_recmemb_ras(dw2);
516 
517 		/* FIXME:  not really sure if this is what merr is...
518 		 */
519 		if (!merr)
520 			msg = i5100_err_msg(ferr);
521 		else
522 			msg = i5100_err_msg(nerr);
523 
524 		i5100_handle_ce(mci, chan, bank, rank, syndrome, cas, ras, msg);
525 	}
526 
527 	if (i5100_validlog_nrecmemvalid(dw)) {
528 		const char *msg;
529 
530 		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_NRECMEMA, &dw2);
531 		merr = i5100_nrecmema_merr(dw2);
532 		bank = i5100_nrecmema_bank(dw2);
533 		rank = i5100_nrecmema_rank(dw2);
534 
535 		pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_NRECMEMB, &dw2);
536 		cas = i5100_nrecmemb_cas(dw2);
537 		ras = i5100_nrecmemb_ras(dw2);
538 
539 		/* FIXME:  not really sure if this is what merr is...
540 		 */
541 		if (!merr)
542 			msg = i5100_err_msg(ferr);
543 		else
544 			msg = i5100_err_msg(nerr);
545 
546 		i5100_handle_ue(mci, chan, bank, rank, syndrome, cas, ras, msg);
547 	}
548 
549 	pci_write_config_dword(pdev, I5100_VALIDLOG, dw);
550 }
551 
552 static void i5100_check_error(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
553 {
554 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
555 	u32 dw, dw2;
556 
557 	pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_FERR_NF_MEM, &dw);
558 	if (i5100_ferr_nf_mem_any(dw)) {
559 
560 		pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_NERR_NF_MEM, &dw2);
561 
562 		i5100_read_log(mci, i5100_ferr_nf_mem_chan_indx(dw),
563 			       i5100_ferr_nf_mem_any(dw),
564 			       i5100_nerr_nf_mem_any(dw2));
565 
566 		pci_write_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_NERR_NF_MEM, dw2);
567 	}
568 	pci_write_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_FERR_NF_MEM, dw);
569 }
570 
571 /* The i5100 chipset will scrub the entire memory once, then
572  * set a done bit. Continuous scrubbing is achieved by enqueing
573  * delayed work to a workqueue, checking every few minutes if
574  * the scrubbing has completed and if so reinitiating it.
575  */
576 
577 static void i5100_refresh_scrubbing(struct work_struct *work)
578 {
579 	struct delayed_work *i5100_scrubbing = to_delayed_work(work);
580 	struct i5100_priv *priv = container_of(i5100_scrubbing,
581 					       struct i5100_priv,
582 					       i5100_scrubbing);
583 	u32 dw;
584 
585 	pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, &dw);
586 
587 	if (priv->scrub_enable) {
588 
589 		pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, &dw);
590 
591 		if (i5100_mc_scrbdone(dw)) {
592 			dw |= I5100_MC_SCRBEN_MASK;
593 			pci_write_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, dw);
594 			pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, &dw);
595 		}
596 
597 		schedule_delayed_work(&(priv->i5100_scrubbing),
598 				      I5100_SCRUB_REFRESH_RATE);
599 	}
600 }
601 /*
602  * The bandwidth is based on experimentation, feel free to refine it.
603  */
604 static int i5100_set_scrub_rate(struct mem_ctl_info *mci, u32 bandwidth)
605 {
606 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
607 	u32 dw;
608 
609 	pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, &dw);
610 	if (bandwidth) {
611 		priv->scrub_enable = 1;
612 		dw |= I5100_MC_SCRBEN_MASK;
613 		schedule_delayed_work(&(priv->i5100_scrubbing),
614 				      I5100_SCRUB_REFRESH_RATE);
615 	} else {
616 		priv->scrub_enable = 0;
617 		dw &= ~I5100_MC_SCRBEN_MASK;
618 		cancel_delayed_work(&(priv->i5100_scrubbing));
619 	}
620 	pci_write_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, dw);
621 
622 	pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, &dw);
623 
624 	bandwidth = 5900000 * i5100_mc_scrben(dw);
625 
626 	return bandwidth;
627 }
628 
629 static int i5100_get_scrub_rate(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
630 {
631 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
632 	u32 dw;
633 
634 	pci_read_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MC, &dw);
635 
636 	return 5900000 * i5100_mc_scrben(dw);
637 }
638 
639 static struct pci_dev *pci_get_device_func(unsigned vendor,
640 					   unsigned device,
641 					   unsigned func)
642 {
643 	struct pci_dev *ret = NULL;
644 
645 	while (1) {
646 		ret = pci_get_device(vendor, device, ret);
647 
648 		if (!ret)
649 			break;
650 
651 		if (PCI_FUNC(ret->devfn) == func)
652 			break;
653 	}
654 
655 	return ret;
656 }
657 
658 static unsigned long i5100_npages(struct mem_ctl_info *mci, unsigned int csrow)
659 {
660 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
661 	const unsigned int chan_rank = i5100_csrow_to_rank(mci, csrow);
662 	const unsigned int chan = i5100_csrow_to_chan(mci, csrow);
663 	unsigned addr_lines;
664 
665 	/* dimm present? */
666 	if (!priv->mtr[chan][chan_rank].present)
667 		return 0ULL;
668 
669 	addr_lines =
670 		I5100_DIMM_ADDR_LINES +
671 		priv->mtr[chan][chan_rank].numcol +
672 		priv->mtr[chan][chan_rank].numrow +
673 		priv->mtr[chan][chan_rank].numbank;
674 
675 	return (unsigned long)
676 		((unsigned long long) (1ULL << addr_lines) / PAGE_SIZE);
677 }
678 
679 static void i5100_init_mtr(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
680 {
681 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
682 	struct pci_dev *mms[2] = { priv->ch0mm, priv->ch1mm };
683 	int i;
684 
685 	for (i = 0; i < I5100_CHANNELS; i++) {
686 		int j;
687 		struct pci_dev *pdev = mms[i];
688 
689 		for (j = 0; j < I5100_MAX_RANKS_PER_CHAN; j++) {
690 			const unsigned addr =
691 				(j < 4) ? I5100_MTR_0 + j * 2 :
692 					  I5100_MTR_4 + (j - 4) * 2;
693 			u16 w;
694 
695 			pci_read_config_word(pdev, addr, &w);
696 
697 			priv->mtr[i][j].present = i5100_mtr_present(w);
698 			priv->mtr[i][j].ethrottle = i5100_mtr_ethrottle(w);
699 			priv->mtr[i][j].width = 4 + 4 * i5100_mtr_width(w);
700 			priv->mtr[i][j].numbank = 2 + i5100_mtr_numbank(w);
701 			priv->mtr[i][j].numrow = 13 + i5100_mtr_numrow(w);
702 			priv->mtr[i][j].numcol = 10 + i5100_mtr_numcol(w);
703 		}
704 	}
705 }
706 
707 /*
708  * FIXME: make this into a real i2c adapter (so that dimm-decode
709  * will work)?
710  */
711 static int i5100_read_spd_byte(const struct mem_ctl_info *mci,
712 			       u8 ch, u8 slot, u8 addr, u8 *byte)
713 {
714 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
715 	u16 w;
716 	unsigned long et;
717 
718 	pci_read_config_word(priv->mc, I5100_SPDDATA, &w);
719 	if (i5100_spddata_busy(w))
720 		return -1;
721 
722 	pci_write_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_SPDCMD,
723 			       i5100_spdcmd_create(0xa, 1, ch * 4 + slot, addr,
724 						   0, 0));
725 
726 	/* wait up to 100ms */
727 	et = jiffies + HZ / 10;
728 	udelay(100);
729 	while (1) {
730 		pci_read_config_word(priv->mc, I5100_SPDDATA, &w);
731 		if (!i5100_spddata_busy(w))
732 			break;
733 		udelay(100);
734 	}
735 
736 	if (!i5100_spddata_rdo(w) || i5100_spddata_sbe(w))
737 		return -1;
738 
739 	*byte = i5100_spddata_data(w);
740 
741 	return 0;
742 }
743 
744 /*
745  * fill dimm chip select map
746  *
747  * FIXME:
748  *   o not the only way to may chip selects to dimm slots
749  *   o investigate if there is some way to obtain this map from the bios
750  */
751 static void i5100_init_dimm_csmap(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
752 {
753 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
754 	int i;
755 
756 	for (i = 0; i < I5100_MAX_DIMM_SLOTS_PER_CHAN; i++) {
757 		int j;
758 
759 		for (j = 0; j < I5100_MAX_RANKS_PER_DIMM; j++)
760 			priv->dimm_csmap[i][j] = -1; /* default NC */
761 	}
762 
763 	/* only 2 chip selects per slot... */
764 	if (priv->ranksperchan == 4) {
765 		priv->dimm_csmap[0][0] = 0;
766 		priv->dimm_csmap[0][1] = 3;
767 		priv->dimm_csmap[1][0] = 1;
768 		priv->dimm_csmap[1][1] = 2;
769 		priv->dimm_csmap[2][0] = 2;
770 		priv->dimm_csmap[3][0] = 3;
771 	} else {
772 		priv->dimm_csmap[0][0] = 0;
773 		priv->dimm_csmap[0][1] = 1;
774 		priv->dimm_csmap[1][0] = 2;
775 		priv->dimm_csmap[1][1] = 3;
776 		priv->dimm_csmap[2][0] = 4;
777 		priv->dimm_csmap[2][1] = 5;
778 	}
779 }
780 
781 static void i5100_init_dimm_layout(struct pci_dev *pdev,
782 				   struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
783 {
784 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
785 	int i;
786 
787 	for (i = 0; i < I5100_CHANNELS; i++) {
788 		int j;
789 
790 		for (j = 0; j < I5100_MAX_DIMM_SLOTS_PER_CHAN; j++) {
791 			u8 rank;
792 
793 			if (i5100_read_spd_byte(mci, i, j, 5, &rank) < 0)
794 				priv->dimm_numrank[i][j] = 0;
795 			else
796 				priv->dimm_numrank[i][j] = (rank & 3) + 1;
797 		}
798 	}
799 
800 	i5100_init_dimm_csmap(mci);
801 }
802 
803 static void i5100_init_interleaving(struct pci_dev *pdev,
804 				    struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
805 {
806 	u16 w;
807 	u32 dw;
808 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
809 	struct pci_dev *mms[2] = { priv->ch0mm, priv->ch1mm };
810 	int i;
811 
812 	pci_read_config_word(pdev, I5100_TOLM, &w);
813 	priv->tolm = (u64) i5100_tolm_tolm(w) * 256 * 1024 * 1024;
814 
815 	pci_read_config_word(pdev, I5100_MIR0, &w);
816 	priv->mir[0].limit = (u64) i5100_mir_limit(w) << 28;
817 	priv->mir[0].way[1] = i5100_mir_way1(w);
818 	priv->mir[0].way[0] = i5100_mir_way0(w);
819 
820 	pci_read_config_word(pdev, I5100_MIR1, &w);
821 	priv->mir[1].limit = (u64) i5100_mir_limit(w) << 28;
822 	priv->mir[1].way[1] = i5100_mir_way1(w);
823 	priv->mir[1].way[0] = i5100_mir_way0(w);
824 
825 	pci_read_config_word(pdev, I5100_AMIR_0, &w);
826 	priv->amir[0] = w;
827 	pci_read_config_word(pdev, I5100_AMIR_1, &w);
828 	priv->amir[1] = w;
829 
830 	for (i = 0; i < I5100_CHANNELS; i++) {
831 		int j;
832 
833 		for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
834 			int k;
835 
836 			pci_read_config_dword(mms[i], I5100_DMIR + j * 4, &dw);
837 
838 			priv->dmir[i][j].limit =
839 				(u64) i5100_dmir_limit(dw) << 28;
840 			for (k = 0; k < I5100_MAX_RANKS_PER_DIMM; k++)
841 				priv->dmir[i][j].rank[k] =
842 					i5100_dmir_rank(dw, k);
843 		}
844 	}
845 
846 	i5100_init_mtr(mci);
847 }
848 
849 static void i5100_init_csrows(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
850 {
851 	int i;
852 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
853 
854 	for (i = 0; i < mci->tot_dimms; i++) {
855 		struct dimm_info *dimm;
856 		const unsigned long npages = i5100_npages(mci, i);
857 		const unsigned int chan = i5100_csrow_to_chan(mci, i);
858 		const unsigned int rank = i5100_csrow_to_rank(mci, i);
859 
860 		if (!npages)
861 			continue;
862 
863 		dimm = EDAC_DIMM_PTR(mci->layers, mci->dimms, mci->n_layers,
864 			       chan, rank, 0);
865 
866 		dimm->nr_pages = npages;
867 		dimm->grain = 32;
868 		dimm->dtype = (priv->mtr[chan][rank].width == 4) ?
869 				DEV_X4 : DEV_X8;
870 		dimm->mtype = MEM_RDDR2;
871 		dimm->edac_mode = EDAC_SECDED;
872 		snprintf(dimm->label, sizeof(dimm->label), "DIMM%u",
873 			 i5100_rank_to_slot(mci, chan, rank));
874 
875 		edac_dbg(2, "dimm channel %d, rank %d, size %ld\n",
876 			 chan, rank, (long)PAGES_TO_MiB(npages));
877 	}
878 }
879 
880 /****************************************************************************
881  *                       Error injection routines
882  ****************************************************************************/
883 
884 static void i5100_do_inject(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
885 {
886 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
887 	u32 mask0;
888 	u16 mask1;
889 
890 	/* MEM[1:0]EINJMSK0
891 	 * 31    - ADDRMATCHEN
892 	 * 29:28 - HLINESEL
893 	 *         00 Reserved
894 	 *         01 Lower half of cache line
895 	 *         10 Upper half of cache line
896 	 *         11 Both upper and lower parts of cache line
897 	 * 27    - EINJEN
898 	 * 25:19 - XORMASK1 for deviceptr1
899 	 * 9:5   - SEC2RAM for deviceptr2
900 	 * 4:0   - FIR2RAM for deviceptr1
901 	 */
902 	mask0 = ((priv->inject_hlinesel & 0x3) << 28) |
903 		I5100_MEMXEINJMSK0_EINJEN |
904 		((priv->inject_eccmask1 & 0xffff) << 10) |
905 		((priv->inject_deviceptr2 & 0x1f) << 5) |
906 		(priv->inject_deviceptr1 & 0x1f);
907 
908 	/* MEM[1:0]EINJMSK1
909 	 * 15:0  - XORMASK2 for deviceptr2
910 	 */
911 	mask1 = priv->inject_eccmask2;
912 
913 	if (priv->inject_channel == 0) {
914 		pci_write_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MEM0EINJMSK0, mask0);
915 		pci_write_config_word(priv->mc, I5100_MEM0EINJMSK1, mask1);
916 	} else {
917 		pci_write_config_dword(priv->mc, I5100_MEM1EINJMSK0, mask0);
918 		pci_write_config_word(priv->mc, I5100_MEM1EINJMSK1, mask1);
919 	}
920 
921 	/* Error Injection Response Function
922 	 * Intel 5100 Memory Controller Hub Chipset (318378) datasheet
923 	 * hints about this register but carry no data about them. All
924 	 * data regarding device 19 is based on experimentation and the
925 	 * Intel 7300 Chipset Memory Controller Hub (318082) datasheet
926 	 * which appears to be accurate for the i5100 in this area.
927 	 *
928 	 * The injection code don't work without setting this register.
929 	 * The register needs to be flipped off then on else the hardware
930 	 * will only preform the first injection.
931 	 *
932 	 * Stop condition bits 7:4
933 	 * 1010 - Stop after one injection
934 	 * 1011 - Never stop injecting faults
935 	 *
936 	 * Start condition bits 3:0
937 	 * 1010 - Never start
938 	 * 1011 - Start immediately
939 	 */
940 	pci_write_config_byte(priv->einj, I5100_DINJ0, 0xaa);
941 	pci_write_config_byte(priv->einj, I5100_DINJ0, 0xab);
942 }
943 
944 #define to_mci(k) container_of(k, struct mem_ctl_info, dev)
945 static ssize_t inject_enable_write(struct file *file, const char __user *data,
946 		size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
947 {
948 	struct device *dev = file->private_data;
949 	struct mem_ctl_info *mci = to_mci(dev);
950 
951 	i5100_do_inject(mci);
952 
953 	return count;
954 }
955 
956 static const struct file_operations i5100_inject_enable_fops = {
957 	.open = simple_open,
958 	.write = inject_enable_write,
959 	.llseek = generic_file_llseek,
960 };
961 
962 static int i5100_setup_debugfs(struct mem_ctl_info *mci)
963 {
964 	struct i5100_priv *priv = mci->pvt_info;
965 
966 	if (!i5100_debugfs)
967 		return -ENODEV;
968 
969 	priv->debugfs = edac_debugfs_create_dir_at(mci->bus->name, i5100_debugfs);
970 
971 	if (!priv->debugfs)
972 		return -ENOMEM;
973 
974 	edac_debugfs_create_x8("inject_channel", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, priv->debugfs,
975 				&priv->inject_channel);
976 	edac_debugfs_create_x8("inject_hlinesel", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, priv->debugfs,
977 				&priv->inject_hlinesel);
978 	edac_debugfs_create_x8("inject_deviceptr1", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, priv->debugfs,
979 				&priv->inject_deviceptr1);
980 	edac_debugfs_create_x8("inject_deviceptr2", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, priv->debugfs,
981 				&priv->inject_deviceptr2);
982 	edac_debugfs_create_x16("inject_eccmask1", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, priv->debugfs,
983 				&priv->inject_eccmask1);
984 	edac_debugfs_create_x16("inject_eccmask2", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, priv->debugfs,
985 				&priv->inject_eccmask2);
986 	edac_debugfs_create_file("inject_enable", S_IWUSR, priv->debugfs,
987 				&mci->dev, &i5100_inject_enable_fops);
988 
989 	return 0;
990 
991 }
992 
993 static int i5100_init_one(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
994 {
995 	int rc;
996 	struct mem_ctl_info *mci;
997 	struct edac_mc_layer layers[2];
998 	struct i5100_priv *priv;
999 	struct pci_dev *ch0mm, *ch1mm, *einj;
1000 	int ret = 0;
1001 	u32 dw;
1002 	int ranksperch;
1003 
1004 	if (PCI_FUNC(pdev->devfn) != 1)
1005 		return -ENODEV;
1006 
1007 	rc = pci_enable_device(pdev);
1008 	if (rc < 0) {
1009 		ret = rc;
1010 		goto bail;
1011 	}
1012 
1013 	/* ECC enabled? */
1014 	pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_MC, &dw);
1015 	if (!i5100_mc_errdeten(dw)) {
1016 		printk(KERN_INFO "i5100_edac: ECC not enabled.\n");
1017 		ret = -ENODEV;
1018 		goto bail_pdev;
1019 	}
1020 
1021 	/* figure out how many ranks, from strapped state of 48GB_Mode input */
1022 	pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_MS, &dw);
1023 	ranksperch = !!(dw & (1 << 8)) * 2 + 4;
1024 
1025 	/* enable error reporting... */
1026 	pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_EMASK_MEM, &dw);
1027 	dw &= ~I5100_FERR_NF_MEM_ANY_MASK;
1028 	pci_write_config_dword(pdev, I5100_EMASK_MEM, dw);
1029 
1030 	/* device 21, func 0, Channel 0 Memory Map, Error Flag/Mask, etc... */
1031 	ch0mm = pci_get_device_func(PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL,
1032 				    PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_5100_21, 0);
1033 	if (!ch0mm) {
1034 		ret = -ENODEV;
1035 		goto bail_pdev;
1036 	}
1037 
1038 	rc = pci_enable_device(ch0mm);
1039 	if (rc < 0) {
1040 		ret = rc;
1041 		goto bail_ch0;
1042 	}
1043 
1044 	/* device 22, func 0, Channel 1 Memory Map, Error Flag/Mask, etc... */
1045 	ch1mm = pci_get_device_func(PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL,
1046 				    PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_5100_22, 0);
1047 	if (!ch1mm) {
1048 		ret = -ENODEV;
1049 		goto bail_disable_ch0;
1050 	}
1051 
1052 	rc = pci_enable_device(ch1mm);
1053 	if (rc < 0) {
1054 		ret = rc;
1055 		goto bail_ch1;
1056 	}
1057 
1058 	layers[0].type = EDAC_MC_LAYER_CHANNEL;
1059 	layers[0].size = 2;
1060 	layers[0].is_virt_csrow = false;
1061 	layers[1].type = EDAC_MC_LAYER_SLOT;
1062 	layers[1].size = ranksperch;
1063 	layers[1].is_virt_csrow = true;
1064 	mci = edac_mc_alloc(0, ARRAY_SIZE(layers), layers,
1065 			    sizeof(*priv));
1066 	if (!mci) {
1067 		ret = -ENOMEM;
1068 		goto bail_disable_ch1;
1069 	}
1070 
1071 
1072 	/* device 19, func 0, Error injection */
1073 	einj = pci_get_device_func(PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL,
1074 				    PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_5100_19, 0);
1075 	if (!einj) {
1076 		ret = -ENODEV;
1077 		goto bail_einj;
1078 	}
1079 
1080 	rc = pci_enable_device(einj);
1081 	if (rc < 0) {
1082 		ret = rc;
1083 		goto bail_disable_einj;
1084 	}
1085 
1086 
1087 	mci->pdev = &pdev->dev;
1088 
1089 	priv = mci->pvt_info;
1090 	priv->ranksperchan = ranksperch;
1091 	priv->mc = pdev;
1092 	priv->ch0mm = ch0mm;
1093 	priv->ch1mm = ch1mm;
1094 	priv->einj = einj;
1095 
1096 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&(priv->i5100_scrubbing), i5100_refresh_scrubbing);
1097 
1098 	/* If scrubbing was already enabled by the bios, start maintaining it */
1099 	pci_read_config_dword(pdev, I5100_MC, &dw);
1100 	if (i5100_mc_scrben(dw)) {
1101 		priv->scrub_enable = 1;
1102 		schedule_delayed_work(&(priv->i5100_scrubbing),
1103 				      I5100_SCRUB_REFRESH_RATE);
1104 	}
1105 
1106 	i5100_init_dimm_layout(pdev, mci);
1107 	i5100_init_interleaving(pdev, mci);
1108 
1109 	mci->mtype_cap = MEM_FLAG_FB_DDR2;
1110 	mci->edac_ctl_cap = EDAC_FLAG_SECDED;
1111 	mci->edac_cap = EDAC_FLAG_SECDED;
1112 	mci->mod_name = "i5100_edac.c";
1113 	mci->ctl_name = "i5100";
1114 	mci->dev_name = pci_name(pdev);
1115 	mci->ctl_page_to_phys = NULL;
1116 
1117 	mci->edac_check = i5100_check_error;
1118 	mci->set_sdram_scrub_rate = i5100_set_scrub_rate;
1119 	mci->get_sdram_scrub_rate = i5100_get_scrub_rate;
1120 
1121 	priv->inject_channel = 0;
1122 	priv->inject_hlinesel = 0;
1123 	priv->inject_deviceptr1 = 0;
1124 	priv->inject_deviceptr2 = 0;
1125 	priv->inject_eccmask1 = 0;
1126 	priv->inject_eccmask2 = 0;
1127 
1128 	i5100_init_csrows(mci);
1129 
1130 	/* this strange construction seems to be in every driver, dunno why */
1131 	switch (edac_op_state) {
1132 	case EDAC_OPSTATE_POLL:
1133 	case EDAC_OPSTATE_NMI:
1134 		break;
1135 	default:
1136 		edac_op_state = EDAC_OPSTATE_POLL;
1137 		break;
1138 	}
1139 
1140 	if (edac_mc_add_mc(mci)) {
1141 		ret = -ENODEV;
1142 		goto bail_scrub;
1143 	}
1144 
1145 	i5100_setup_debugfs(mci);
1146 
1147 	return ret;
1148 
1149 bail_scrub:
1150 	priv->scrub_enable = 0;
1151 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&(priv->i5100_scrubbing));
1152 	edac_mc_free(mci);
1153 
1154 bail_disable_einj:
1155 	pci_disable_device(einj);
1156 
1157 bail_einj:
1158 	pci_dev_put(einj);
1159 
1160 bail_disable_ch1:
1161 	pci_disable_device(ch1mm);
1162 
1163 bail_ch1:
1164 	pci_dev_put(ch1mm);
1165 
1166 bail_disable_ch0:
1167 	pci_disable_device(ch0mm);
1168 
1169 bail_ch0:
1170 	pci_dev_put(ch0mm);
1171 
1172 bail_pdev:
1173 	pci_disable_device(pdev);
1174 
1175 bail:
1176 	return ret;
1177 }
1178 
1179 static void i5100_remove_one(struct pci_dev *pdev)
1180 {
1181 	struct mem_ctl_info *mci;
1182 	struct i5100_priv *priv;
1183 
1184 	mci = edac_mc_del_mc(&pdev->dev);
1185 
1186 	if (!mci)
1187 		return;
1188 
1189 	priv = mci->pvt_info;
1190 
1191 	edac_debugfs_remove_recursive(priv->debugfs);
1192 
1193 	priv->scrub_enable = 0;
1194 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&(priv->i5100_scrubbing));
1195 
1196 	pci_disable_device(pdev);
1197 	pci_disable_device(priv->ch0mm);
1198 	pci_disable_device(priv->ch1mm);
1199 	pci_disable_device(priv->einj);
1200 	pci_dev_put(priv->ch0mm);
1201 	pci_dev_put(priv->ch1mm);
1202 	pci_dev_put(priv->einj);
1203 
1204 	edac_mc_free(mci);
1205 }
1206 
1207 static const struct pci_device_id i5100_pci_tbl[] = {
1208 	/* Device 16, Function 0, Channel 0 Memory Map, Error Flag/Mask, ... */
1209 	{ PCI_DEVICE(PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_5100_16) },
1210 	{ 0, }
1211 };
1212 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, i5100_pci_tbl);
1213 
1214 static struct pci_driver i5100_driver = {
1215 	.name = KBUILD_BASENAME,
1216 	.probe = i5100_init_one,
1217 	.remove = i5100_remove_one,
1218 	.id_table = i5100_pci_tbl,
1219 };
1220 
1221 static int __init i5100_init(void)
1222 {
1223 	int pci_rc;
1224 
1225 	i5100_debugfs = edac_debugfs_create_dir_at("i5100_edac", NULL);
1226 
1227 	pci_rc = pci_register_driver(&i5100_driver);
1228 	return (pci_rc < 0) ? pci_rc : 0;
1229 }
1230 
1231 static void __exit i5100_exit(void)
1232 {
1233 	edac_debugfs_remove(i5100_debugfs);
1234 
1235 	pci_unregister_driver(&i5100_driver);
1236 }
1237 
1238 module_init(i5100_init);
1239 module_exit(i5100_exit);
1240 
1241 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1242 MODULE_AUTHOR
1243     ("Arthur Jones <ajones@riverbed.com>");
1244 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MC Driver for Intel I5100 memory controllers");
1245