xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/char/nwflash.c (revision 9ac8d3fb)
1 /*
2  * Flash memory interface rev.5 driver for the Intel
3  * Flash chips used on the NetWinder.
4  *
5  * 20/08/2000	RMK	use __ioremap to map flash into virtual memory
6  *			make a few more places use "volatile"
7  * 22/05/2001	RMK	- Lock read against write
8  *			- merge printk level changes (with mods) from Alan Cox.
9  *			- use *ppos as the file position, not file->f_pos.
10  *			- fix check for out of range pos and r/w size
11  *
12  * Please note that we are tampering with the only flash chip in the
13  * machine, which contains the bootup code.  We therefore have the
14  * power to convert these machines into doorstops...
15  */
16 
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/fs.h>
20 #include <linux/errno.h>
21 #include <linux/mm.h>
22 #include <linux/delay.h>
23 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
24 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
25 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
26 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
29 #include <linux/mutex.h>
30 
31 #include <asm/hardware/dec21285.h>
32 #include <asm/io.h>
33 #include <asm/leds.h>
34 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
35 #include <asm/system.h>
36 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
37 
38 /*****************************************************************************/
39 #include <asm/nwflash.h>
40 
41 #define	NWFLASH_VERSION "6.4"
42 
43 static void kick_open(void);
44 static int get_flash_id(void);
45 static int erase_block(int nBlock);
46 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count);
47 
48 #define KFLASH_SIZE	1024*1024	//1 Meg
49 #define KFLASH_SIZE4	4*1024*1024	//4 Meg
50 #define KFLASH_ID	0x89A6		//Intel flash
51 #define KFLASH_ID4	0xB0D4		//Intel flash 4Meg
52 
53 static int flashdebug;		//if set - we will display progress msgs
54 
55 static int gbWriteEnable;
56 static int gbWriteBase64Enable;
57 static volatile unsigned char *FLASH_BASE;
58 static int gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE;
59 static DEFINE_MUTEX(nwflash_mutex);
60 
61 extern spinlock_t gpio_lock;
62 
63 static int get_flash_id(void)
64 {
65 	volatile unsigned int c1, c2;
66 
67 	/*
68 	 * try to get flash chip ID
69 	 */
70 	kick_open();
71 	c2 = inb(0x80);
72 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x90;
73 	udelay(15);
74 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) FLASH_BASE;
75 	c2 = inb(0x80);
76 
77 	/*
78 	 * on 4 Meg flash the second byte is actually at offset 2...
79 	 */
80 	if (c1 == 0xB0)
81 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 2);
82 	else
83 		c2 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 1);
84 
85 	c2 += (c1 << 8);
86 
87 	/*
88 	 * set it back to read mode
89 	 */
90 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
91 
92 	if (c2 == KFLASH_ID4)
93 		gbFlashSize = KFLASH_SIZE4;
94 
95 	return c2;
96 }
97 
98 static int flash_ioctl(struct inode *inodep, struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
99 {
100 	switch (cmd) {
101 	case CMD_WRITE_DISABLE:
102 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
103 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
104 		break;
105 
106 	case CMD_WRITE_ENABLE:
107 		gbWriteEnable = 1;
108 		break;
109 
110 	case CMD_WRITE_BASE64K_ENABLE:
111 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 1;
112 		break;
113 
114 	default:
115 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
116 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
117 		return -EINVAL;
118 	}
119 	return 0;
120 }
121 
122 static ssize_t flash_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size,
123 			  loff_t *ppos)
124 {
125 	ssize_t ret;
126 
127 	if (flashdebug)
128 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_read: flash_read: offset=0x%llx, "
129 		       "buffer=%p, count=0x%zx.\n", *ppos, buf, size);
130 	/*
131 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
132 	 */
133 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
134 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
135 
136 	ret = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, size, ppos, (void *)FLASH_BASE, gbFlashSize);
137 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
138 
139 	return ret;
140 }
141 
142 static ssize_t flash_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
143 			   size_t size, loff_t * ppos)
144 {
145 	unsigned long p = *ppos;
146 	unsigned int count = size;
147 	int written;
148 	int nBlock, temp, rc;
149 	int i, j;
150 
151 	if (flashdebug)
152 		printk("flash_write: offset=0x%lX, buffer=0x%p, count=0x%X.\n",
153 		       p, buf, count);
154 
155 	if (!gbWriteEnable)
156 		return -EINVAL;
157 
158 	if (p < 64 * 1024 && (!gbWriteBase64Enable))
159 		return -EINVAL;
160 
161 	/*
162 	 * check for out of range pos or count
163 	 */
164 	if (p >= gbFlashSize)
165 		return count ? -ENXIO : 0;
166 
167 	if (count > gbFlashSize - p)
168 		count = gbFlashSize - p;
169 
170 	if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, buf, count))
171 		return -EFAULT;
172 
173 	/*
174 	 * We now lock against reads and writes. --rmk
175 	 */
176 	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&nwflash_mutex))
177 		return -ERESTARTSYS;
178 
179 	written = 0;
180 
181 	leds_event(led_claim);
182 	leds_event(led_green_on);
183 
184 	nBlock = (int) p >> 16;	//block # of 64K bytes
185 
186 	/*
187 	 * # of 64K blocks to erase and write
188 	 */
189 	temp = ((int) (p + count) >> 16) - nBlock + 1;
190 
191 	/*
192 	 * write ends at exactly 64k boundary?
193 	 */
194 	if (((int) (p + count) & 0xFFFF) == 0)
195 		temp -= 1;
196 
197 	if (flashdebug)
198 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing %d block(s) "
199 			"starting at %d.\n", temp, nBlock);
200 
201 	for (; temp; temp--, nBlock++) {
202 		if (flashdebug)
203 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: erasing block %d.\n", nBlock);
204 
205 		/*
206 		 * first we have to erase the block(s), where we will write...
207 		 */
208 		i = 0;
209 		j = 0;
210 	  RetryBlock:
211 		do {
212 			rc = erase_block(nBlock);
213 			i++;
214 		} while (rc && i < 10);
215 
216 		if (rc) {
217 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: erase error %x\n", rc);
218 			break;
219 		}
220 		if (flashdebug)
221 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: writing offset %lX, "
222 			       "from buf %p, bytes left %X.\n", p, buf,
223 			       count - written);
224 
225 		/*
226 		 * write_block will limit write to space left in this block
227 		 */
228 		rc = write_block(p, buf, count - written);
229 		j++;
230 
231 		/*
232 		 * if somehow write verify failed? Can't happen??
233 		 */
234 		if (!rc) {
235 			/*
236 			 * retry up to 10 times
237 			 */
238 			if (j < 10)
239 				goto RetryBlock;
240 			else
241 				/*
242 				 * else quit with error...
243 				 */
244 				rc = -1;
245 
246 		}
247 		if (rc < 0) {
248 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_write: write error %X\n", rc);
249 			break;
250 		}
251 		p += rc;
252 		buf += rc;
253 		written += rc;
254 		*ppos += rc;
255 
256 		if (flashdebug)
257 			printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_write: written 0x%X bytes OK.\n", written);
258 	}
259 
260 	/*
261 	 * restore reg on exit
262 	 */
263 	leds_event(led_release);
264 
265 	mutex_unlock(&nwflash_mutex);
266 
267 	return written;
268 }
269 
270 
271 /*
272  * The memory devices use the full 32/64 bits of the offset, and so we cannot
273  * check against negative addresses: they are ok. The return value is weird,
274  * though, in that case (0).
275  *
276  * also note that seeking relative to the "end of file" isn't supported:
277  * it has no meaning, so it returns -EINVAL.
278  */
279 static loff_t flash_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
280 {
281 	loff_t ret;
282 
283 	lock_kernel();
284 	if (flashdebug)
285 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_llseek: offset=0x%X, orig=0x%X.\n",
286 		       (unsigned int) offset, orig);
287 
288 	switch (orig) {
289 	case 0:
290 		if (offset < 0) {
291 			ret = -EINVAL;
292 			break;
293 		}
294 
295 		if ((unsigned int) offset > gbFlashSize) {
296 			ret = -EINVAL;
297 			break;
298 		}
299 
300 		file->f_pos = (unsigned int) offset;
301 		ret = file->f_pos;
302 		break;
303 	case 1:
304 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) > gbFlashSize) {
305 			ret = -EINVAL;
306 			break;
307 		}
308 		if ((file->f_pos + offset) < 0) {
309 			ret = -EINVAL;
310 			break;
311 		}
312 		file->f_pos += offset;
313 		ret = file->f_pos;
314 		break;
315 	default:
316 		ret = -EINVAL;
317 	}
318 	unlock_kernel();
319 	return ret;
320 }
321 
322 
323 /*
324  * assume that main Write routine did the parameter checking...
325  * so just go ahead and erase, what requested!
326  */
327 
328 static int erase_block(int nBlock)
329 {
330 	volatile unsigned int c1;
331 	volatile unsigned char *pWritePtr;
332 	unsigned long timeout;
333 	int temp, temp1;
334 
335 	/*
336 	 * orange LED == erase
337 	 */
338 	leds_event(led_amber_on);
339 
340 	/*
341 	 * reset footbridge to the correct offset 0 (...0..3)
342 	 */
343 	*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = 0;
344 
345 	/*
346 	 * dummy ROM read
347 	 */
348 	c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
349 
350 	kick_open();
351 	/*
352 	 * reset status if old errors
353 	 */
354 	*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
355 
356 	/*
357 	 * erase a block...
358 	 * aim at the middle of a current block...
359 	 */
360 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000 + (nBlock << 16)));
361 	/*
362 	 * dummy read
363 	 */
364 	c1 = *pWritePtr;
365 
366 	kick_open();
367 	/*
368 	 * erase
369 	 */
370 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0x20;
371 
372 	/*
373 	 * confirm
374 	 */
375 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xD0;
376 
377 	/*
378 	 * wait 10 ms
379 	 */
380 	msleep(10);
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * wait while erasing in process (up to 10 sec)
384 	 */
385 	timeout = jiffies + 10 * HZ;
386 	c1 = 0;
387 	while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
388 		msleep(10);
389 		/*
390 		 * read any address
391 		 */
392 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (pWritePtr);
393 		//              printk("Flash_erase: status=%X.\n",c1);
394 	}
395 
396 	/*
397 	 * set flash for normal read access
398 	 */
399 	kick_open();
400 //      *(volatile unsigned char*)(FLASH_BASE+0x8000) = 0xFF;
401 	*(volatile unsigned char *) pWritePtr = 0xFF;	//back to normal operation
402 
403 	/*
404 	 * check if erase errors were reported
405 	 */
406 	if (c1 & 0x20) {
407 		printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: err at %p\n", pWritePtr);
408 
409 		/*
410 		 * reset error
411 		 */
412 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
413 		return -2;
414 	}
415 
416 	/*
417 	 * just to make sure - verify if erased OK...
418 	 */
419 	msleep(10);
420 
421 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + (nBlock << 16)));
422 
423 	for (temp = 0; temp < 16 * 1024; temp++, pWritePtr += 4) {
424 		if ((temp1 = *(volatile unsigned int *) pWritePtr) != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
425 			printk(KERN_ERR "flash_erase: verify err at %p = %X\n",
426 			       pWritePtr, temp1);
427 			return -1;
428 		}
429 	}
430 
431 	return 0;
432 
433 }
434 
435 /*
436  * write_block will limit number of bytes written to the space in this block
437  */
438 static int write_block(unsigned long p, const char __user *buf, int count)
439 {
440 	volatile unsigned int c1;
441 	volatile unsigned int c2;
442 	unsigned char *pWritePtr;
443 	unsigned int uAddress;
444 	unsigned int offset;
445 	unsigned long timeout;
446 	unsigned long timeout1;
447 
448 	/*
449 	 * red LED == write
450 	 */
451 	leds_event(led_amber_off);
452 	leds_event(led_red_on);
453 
454 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
455 
456 	/*
457 	 * check if write will end in this block....
458 	 */
459 	offset = p & 0xFFFF;
460 
461 	if (offset + count > 0x10000)
462 		count = 0x10000 - offset;
463 
464 	/*
465 	 * wait up to 30 sec for this block
466 	 */
467 	timeout = jiffies + 30 * HZ;
468 
469 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++, pWritePtr++) {
470 		uAddress = (unsigned int) pWritePtr;
471 		uAddress &= 0xFFFFFFFC;
472 		if (__get_user(c2, buf + offset))
473 			return -EFAULT;
474 
475 	  WriteRetry:
476 	  	/*
477 	  	 * dummy read
478 	  	 */
479 		c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
480 
481 		/*
482 		 * kick open the write gate
483 		 */
484 		kick_open();
485 
486 		/*
487 		 * program footbridge to the correct offset...0..3
488 		 */
489 		*CSR_ROMWRITEREG = (unsigned int) pWritePtr & 3;
490 
491 		/*
492 		 * write cmd
493 		 */
494 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = 0x40;
495 
496 		/*
497 		 * data to write
498 		 */
499 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (uAddress) = c2;
500 
501 		/*
502 		 * get status
503 		 */
504 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x10000) = 0x70;
505 
506 		c1 = 0;
507 
508 		/*
509 		 * wait up to 1 sec for this byte
510 		 */
511 		timeout1 = jiffies + 1 * HZ;
512 
513 		/*
514 		 * while not ready...
515 		 */
516 		while (!(c1 & 0x80) && time_before(jiffies, timeout1))
517 			c1 = *(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000);
518 
519 		/*
520 		 * if timeout getting status
521 		 */
522 		if (time_after_eq(jiffies, timeout1)) {
523 			kick_open();
524 			/*
525 			 * reset err
526 			 */
527 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
528 
529 			goto WriteRetry;
530 		}
531 		/*
532 		 * switch on read access, as a default flash operation mode
533 		 */
534 		kick_open();
535 		/*
536 		 * read access
537 		 */
538 		*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0xFF;
539 
540 		/*
541 		 * if hardware reports an error writing, and not timeout -
542 		 * reset the chip and retry
543 		 */
544 		if (c1 & 0x10) {
545 			kick_open();
546 			/*
547 			 * reset err
548 			 */
549 			*(volatile unsigned char *) (FLASH_BASE + 0x8000) = 0x50;
550 
551 			/*
552 			 * before timeout?
553 			 */
554 			if (time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
555 				if (flashdebug)
556 					printk(KERN_DEBUG "write_block: Retrying write at 0x%X)n",
557 					       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
558 
559 				/*
560 				 * no LED == waiting
561 				 */
562 				leds_event(led_amber_off);
563 				/*
564 				 * wait couple ms
565 				 */
566 				msleep(10);
567 				/*
568 				 * red LED == write
569 				 */
570 				leds_event(led_red_on);
571 
572 				goto WriteRetry;
573 			} else {
574 				printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: timeout at 0x%X\n",
575 				       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE);
576 				/*
577 				 * return error -2
578 				 */
579 				return -2;
580 
581 			}
582 		}
583 	}
584 
585 	/*
586 	 * green LED == read/verify
587 	 */
588 	leds_event(led_amber_off);
589 	leds_event(led_green_on);
590 
591 	msleep(10);
592 
593 	pWritePtr = (unsigned char *) ((unsigned int) (FLASH_BASE + p));
594 
595 	for (offset = 0; offset < count; offset++) {
596 		char c, c1;
597 		if (__get_user(c, buf))
598 			return -EFAULT;
599 		buf++;
600 		if ((c1 = *pWritePtr++) != c) {
601 			printk(KERN_ERR "write_block: verify error at 0x%X (%02X!=%02X)\n",
602 			       pWritePtr - FLASH_BASE, c1, c);
603 			return 0;
604 		}
605 	}
606 
607 	return count;
608 }
609 
610 
611 static void kick_open(void)
612 {
613 	unsigned long flags;
614 
615 	/*
616 	 * we want to write a bit pattern XXX1 to Xilinx to enable
617 	 * the write gate, which will be open for about the next 2ms.
618 	 */
619 	spin_lock_irqsave(&gpio_lock, flags);
620 	cpld_modify(1, 1);
621 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gpio_lock, flags);
622 
623 	/*
624 	 * let the ISA bus to catch on...
625 	 */
626 	udelay(25);
627 }
628 
629 static const struct file_operations flash_fops =
630 {
631 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
632 	.llseek		= flash_llseek,
633 	.read		= flash_read,
634 	.write		= flash_write,
635 	.ioctl		= flash_ioctl,
636 };
637 
638 static struct miscdevice flash_miscdev =
639 {
640 	FLASH_MINOR,
641 	"nwflash",
642 	&flash_fops
643 };
644 
645 static int __init nwflash_init(void)
646 {
647 	int ret = -ENODEV;
648 
649 	if (machine_is_netwinder()) {
650 		int id;
651 
652 		FLASH_BASE = ioremap(DC21285_FLASH, KFLASH_SIZE4);
653 		if (!FLASH_BASE)
654 			goto out;
655 
656 		id = get_flash_id();
657 		if ((id != KFLASH_ID) && (id != KFLASH_ID4)) {
658 			ret = -ENXIO;
659 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
660 			printk("Flash: incorrect ID 0x%04X.\n", id);
661 			goto out;
662 		}
663 
664 		printk("Flash ROM driver v.%s, flash device ID 0x%04X, size %d Mb.\n",
665 		       NWFLASH_VERSION, id, gbFlashSize / (1024 * 1024));
666 
667 		ret = misc_register(&flash_miscdev);
668 		if (ret < 0) {
669 			iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
670 		}
671 	}
672 out:
673 	return ret;
674 }
675 
676 static void __exit nwflash_exit(void)
677 {
678 	misc_deregister(&flash_miscdev);
679 	iounmap((void *)FLASH_BASE);
680 }
681 
682 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
683 
684 module_param(flashdebug, bool, 0644);
685 
686 module_init(nwflash_init);
687 module_exit(nwflash_exit);
688