1 /*  Xenbus code for blkif backend
2     Copyright (C) 2005 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
3     Copyright (C) 2005 XenSource Ltd
4 
5     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7     the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8     (at your option) any later version.
9 
10     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13     GNU General Public License for more details.
14 
15 */
16 
17 #include <stdarg.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <xen/events.h>
21 #include <xen/grant_table.h>
22 #include "common.h"
23 
24 struct backend_info {
25 	struct xenbus_device	*dev;
26 	struct xen_blkif	*blkif;
27 	struct xenbus_watch	backend_watch;
28 	unsigned		major;
29 	unsigned		minor;
30 	char			*mode;
31 };
32 
33 static struct kmem_cache *xen_blkif_cachep;
34 static void connect(struct backend_info *);
35 static int connect_ring(struct backend_info *);
36 static void backend_changed(struct xenbus_watch *, const char **,
37 			    unsigned int);
38 
39 struct xenbus_device *xen_blkbk_xenbus(struct backend_info *be)
40 {
41 	return be->dev;
42 }
43 
44 static int blkback_name(struct xen_blkif *blkif, char *buf)
45 {
46 	char *devpath, *devname;
47 	struct xenbus_device *dev = blkif->be->dev;
48 
49 	devpath = xenbus_read(XBT_NIL, dev->nodename, "dev", NULL);
50 	if (IS_ERR(devpath))
51 		return PTR_ERR(devpath);
52 
53 	devname = strstr(devpath, "/dev/");
54 	if (devname != NULL)
55 		devname += strlen("/dev/");
56 	else
57 		devname  = devpath;
58 
59 	snprintf(buf, TASK_COMM_LEN, "blkback.%d.%s", blkif->domid, devname);
60 	kfree(devpath);
61 
62 	return 0;
63 }
64 
65 static void xen_update_blkif_status(struct xen_blkif *blkif)
66 {
67 	int err;
68 	char name[TASK_COMM_LEN];
69 
70 	/* Not ready to connect? */
71 	if (!blkif->irq || !blkif->vbd.bdev)
72 		return;
73 
74 	/* Already connected? */
75 	if (blkif->be->dev->state == XenbusStateConnected)
76 		return;
77 
78 	/* Attempt to connect: exit if we fail to. */
79 	connect(blkif->be);
80 	if (blkif->be->dev->state != XenbusStateConnected)
81 		return;
82 
83 	err = blkback_name(blkif, name);
84 	if (err) {
85 		xenbus_dev_error(blkif->be->dev, err, "get blkback dev name");
86 		return;
87 	}
88 
89 	err = filemap_write_and_wait(blkif->vbd.bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping);
90 	if (err) {
91 		xenbus_dev_error(blkif->be->dev, err, "block flush");
92 		return;
93 	}
94 	invalidate_inode_pages2(blkif->vbd.bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping);
95 
96 	blkif->xenblkd = kthread_run(xen_blkif_schedule, blkif, "%s", name);
97 	if (IS_ERR(blkif->xenblkd)) {
98 		err = PTR_ERR(blkif->xenblkd);
99 		blkif->xenblkd = NULL;
100 		xenbus_dev_error(blkif->be->dev, err, "start xenblkd");
101 		return;
102 	}
103 }
104 
105 static struct xen_blkif *xen_blkif_alloc(domid_t domid)
106 {
107 	struct xen_blkif *blkif;
108 	struct pending_req *req, *n;
109 	int i, j;
110 
111 	BUILD_BUG_ON(MAX_INDIRECT_PAGES > BLKIF_MAX_INDIRECT_PAGES_PER_REQUEST);
112 
113 	blkif = kmem_cache_zalloc(xen_blkif_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
114 	if (!blkif)
115 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
116 
117 	blkif->domid = domid;
118 	spin_lock_init(&blkif->blk_ring_lock);
119 	atomic_set(&blkif->refcnt, 1);
120 	init_waitqueue_head(&blkif->wq);
121 	init_completion(&blkif->drain_complete);
122 	atomic_set(&blkif->drain, 0);
123 	blkif->st_print = jiffies;
124 	init_waitqueue_head(&blkif->waiting_to_free);
125 	blkif->persistent_gnts.rb_node = NULL;
126 	spin_lock_init(&blkif->free_pages_lock);
127 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&blkif->free_pages);
128 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&blkif->persistent_purge_list);
129 	blkif->free_pages_num = 0;
130 	atomic_set(&blkif->persistent_gnt_in_use, 0);
131 	atomic_set(&blkif->inflight, 0);
132 	INIT_WORK(&blkif->persistent_purge_work, xen_blkbk_unmap_purged_grants);
133 
134 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&blkif->pending_free);
135 
136 	for (i = 0; i < XEN_BLKIF_REQS; i++) {
137 		req = kzalloc(sizeof(*req), GFP_KERNEL);
138 		if (!req)
139 			goto fail;
140 		list_add_tail(&req->free_list,
141 		              &blkif->pending_free);
142 		for (j = 0; j < MAX_INDIRECT_SEGMENTS; j++) {
143 			req->segments[j] = kzalloc(sizeof(*req->segments[0]),
144 			                           GFP_KERNEL);
145 			if (!req->segments[j])
146 				goto fail;
147 		}
148 		for (j = 0; j < MAX_INDIRECT_PAGES; j++) {
149 			req->indirect_pages[j] = kzalloc(sizeof(*req->indirect_pages[0]),
150 			                                 GFP_KERNEL);
151 			if (!req->indirect_pages[j])
152 				goto fail;
153 		}
154 	}
155 	spin_lock_init(&blkif->pending_free_lock);
156 	init_waitqueue_head(&blkif->pending_free_wq);
157 	init_waitqueue_head(&blkif->shutdown_wq);
158 
159 	return blkif;
160 
161 fail:
162 	list_for_each_entry_safe(req, n, &blkif->pending_free, free_list) {
163 		list_del(&req->free_list);
164 		for (j = 0; j < MAX_INDIRECT_SEGMENTS; j++) {
165 			if (!req->segments[j])
166 				break;
167 			kfree(req->segments[j]);
168 		}
169 		for (j = 0; j < MAX_INDIRECT_PAGES; j++) {
170 			if (!req->indirect_pages[j])
171 				break;
172 			kfree(req->indirect_pages[j]);
173 		}
174 		kfree(req);
175 	}
176 
177 	kmem_cache_free(xen_blkif_cachep, blkif);
178 
179 	return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
180 }
181 
182 static int xen_blkif_map(struct xen_blkif *blkif, unsigned long shared_page,
183 			 unsigned int evtchn)
184 {
185 	int err;
186 
187 	/* Already connected through? */
188 	if (blkif->irq)
189 		return 0;
190 
191 	err = xenbus_map_ring_valloc(blkif->be->dev, shared_page, &blkif->blk_ring);
192 	if (err < 0)
193 		return err;
194 
195 	switch (blkif->blk_protocol) {
196 	case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_NATIVE:
197 	{
198 		struct blkif_sring *sring;
199 		sring = (struct blkif_sring *)blkif->blk_ring;
200 		BACK_RING_INIT(&blkif->blk_rings.native, sring, PAGE_SIZE);
201 		break;
202 	}
203 	case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_32:
204 	{
205 		struct blkif_x86_32_sring *sring_x86_32;
206 		sring_x86_32 = (struct blkif_x86_32_sring *)blkif->blk_ring;
207 		BACK_RING_INIT(&blkif->blk_rings.x86_32, sring_x86_32, PAGE_SIZE);
208 		break;
209 	}
210 	case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_64:
211 	{
212 		struct blkif_x86_64_sring *sring_x86_64;
213 		sring_x86_64 = (struct blkif_x86_64_sring *)blkif->blk_ring;
214 		BACK_RING_INIT(&blkif->blk_rings.x86_64, sring_x86_64, PAGE_SIZE);
215 		break;
216 	}
217 	default:
218 		BUG();
219 	}
220 
221 	err = bind_interdomain_evtchn_to_irqhandler(blkif->domid, evtchn,
222 						    xen_blkif_be_int, 0,
223 						    "blkif-backend", blkif);
224 	if (err < 0) {
225 		xenbus_unmap_ring_vfree(blkif->be->dev, blkif->blk_ring);
226 		blkif->blk_rings.common.sring = NULL;
227 		return err;
228 	}
229 	blkif->irq = err;
230 
231 	return 0;
232 }
233 
234 static void xen_blkif_disconnect(struct xen_blkif *blkif)
235 {
236 	if (blkif->xenblkd) {
237 		kthread_stop(blkif->xenblkd);
238 		wake_up(&blkif->shutdown_wq);
239 		blkif->xenblkd = NULL;
240 	}
241 
242 	atomic_dec(&blkif->refcnt);
243 	wait_event(blkif->waiting_to_free, atomic_read(&blkif->refcnt) == 0);
244 	atomic_inc(&blkif->refcnt);
245 
246 	if (blkif->irq) {
247 		unbind_from_irqhandler(blkif->irq, blkif);
248 		blkif->irq = 0;
249 	}
250 
251 	if (blkif->blk_rings.common.sring) {
252 		xenbus_unmap_ring_vfree(blkif->be->dev, blkif->blk_ring);
253 		blkif->blk_rings.common.sring = NULL;
254 	}
255 }
256 
257 static void xen_blkif_free(struct xen_blkif *blkif)
258 {
259 	struct pending_req *req, *n;
260 	int i = 0, j;
261 
262 	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&blkif->refcnt))
263 		BUG();
264 
265 	/* Remove all persistent grants and the cache of ballooned pages. */
266 	xen_blkbk_free_caches(blkif);
267 
268 	/* Make sure everything is drained before shutting down */
269 	BUG_ON(blkif->persistent_gnt_c != 0);
270 	BUG_ON(atomic_read(&blkif->persistent_gnt_in_use) != 0);
271 	BUG_ON(blkif->free_pages_num != 0);
272 	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&blkif->persistent_purge_list));
273 	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&blkif->free_pages));
274 	BUG_ON(!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&blkif->persistent_gnts));
275 
276 	/* Check that there is no request in use */
277 	list_for_each_entry_safe(req, n, &blkif->pending_free, free_list) {
278 		list_del(&req->free_list);
279 
280 		for (j = 0; j < MAX_INDIRECT_SEGMENTS; j++)
281 			kfree(req->segments[j]);
282 
283 		for (j = 0; j < MAX_INDIRECT_PAGES; j++)
284 			kfree(req->indirect_pages[j]);
285 
286 		kfree(req);
287 		i++;
288 	}
289 
290 	WARN_ON(i != XEN_BLKIF_REQS);
291 
292 	kmem_cache_free(xen_blkif_cachep, blkif);
293 }
294 
295 int __init xen_blkif_interface_init(void)
296 {
297 	xen_blkif_cachep = kmem_cache_create("blkif_cache",
298 					     sizeof(struct xen_blkif),
299 					     0, 0, NULL);
300 	if (!xen_blkif_cachep)
301 		return -ENOMEM;
302 
303 	return 0;
304 }
305 
306 /*
307  *  sysfs interface for VBD I/O requests
308  */
309 
310 #define VBD_SHOW(name, format, args...)					\
311 	static ssize_t show_##name(struct device *_dev,			\
312 				   struct device_attribute *attr,	\
313 				   char *buf)				\
314 	{								\
315 		struct xenbus_device *dev = to_xenbus_device(_dev);	\
316 		struct backend_info *be = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);	\
317 									\
318 		return sprintf(buf, format, ##args);			\
319 	}								\
320 	static DEVICE_ATTR(name, S_IRUGO, show_##name, NULL)
321 
322 VBD_SHOW(oo_req,  "%llu\n", be->blkif->st_oo_req);
323 VBD_SHOW(rd_req,  "%llu\n", be->blkif->st_rd_req);
324 VBD_SHOW(wr_req,  "%llu\n", be->blkif->st_wr_req);
325 VBD_SHOW(f_req,  "%llu\n", be->blkif->st_f_req);
326 VBD_SHOW(ds_req,  "%llu\n", be->blkif->st_ds_req);
327 VBD_SHOW(rd_sect, "%llu\n", be->blkif->st_rd_sect);
328 VBD_SHOW(wr_sect, "%llu\n", be->blkif->st_wr_sect);
329 
330 static struct attribute *xen_vbdstat_attrs[] = {
331 	&dev_attr_oo_req.attr,
332 	&dev_attr_rd_req.attr,
333 	&dev_attr_wr_req.attr,
334 	&dev_attr_f_req.attr,
335 	&dev_attr_ds_req.attr,
336 	&dev_attr_rd_sect.attr,
337 	&dev_attr_wr_sect.attr,
338 	NULL
339 };
340 
341 static struct attribute_group xen_vbdstat_group = {
342 	.name = "statistics",
343 	.attrs = xen_vbdstat_attrs,
344 };
345 
346 VBD_SHOW(physical_device, "%x:%x\n", be->major, be->minor);
347 VBD_SHOW(mode, "%s\n", be->mode);
348 
349 static int xenvbd_sysfs_addif(struct xenbus_device *dev)
350 {
351 	int error;
352 
353 	error = device_create_file(&dev->dev, &dev_attr_physical_device);
354 	if (error)
355 		goto fail1;
356 
357 	error = device_create_file(&dev->dev, &dev_attr_mode);
358 	if (error)
359 		goto fail2;
360 
361 	error = sysfs_create_group(&dev->dev.kobj, &xen_vbdstat_group);
362 	if (error)
363 		goto fail3;
364 
365 	return 0;
366 
367 fail3:	sysfs_remove_group(&dev->dev.kobj, &xen_vbdstat_group);
368 fail2:	device_remove_file(&dev->dev, &dev_attr_mode);
369 fail1:	device_remove_file(&dev->dev, &dev_attr_physical_device);
370 	return error;
371 }
372 
373 static void xenvbd_sysfs_delif(struct xenbus_device *dev)
374 {
375 	sysfs_remove_group(&dev->dev.kobj, &xen_vbdstat_group);
376 	device_remove_file(&dev->dev, &dev_attr_mode);
377 	device_remove_file(&dev->dev, &dev_attr_physical_device);
378 }
379 
380 
381 static void xen_vbd_free(struct xen_vbd *vbd)
382 {
383 	if (vbd->bdev)
384 		blkdev_put(vbd->bdev, vbd->readonly ? FMODE_READ : FMODE_WRITE);
385 	vbd->bdev = NULL;
386 }
387 
388 static int xen_vbd_create(struct xen_blkif *blkif, blkif_vdev_t handle,
389 			  unsigned major, unsigned minor, int readonly,
390 			  int cdrom)
391 {
392 	struct xen_vbd *vbd;
393 	struct block_device *bdev;
394 	struct request_queue *q;
395 
396 	vbd = &blkif->vbd;
397 	vbd->handle   = handle;
398 	vbd->readonly = readonly;
399 	vbd->type     = 0;
400 
401 	vbd->pdevice  = MKDEV(major, minor);
402 
403 	bdev = blkdev_get_by_dev(vbd->pdevice, vbd->readonly ?
404 				 FMODE_READ : FMODE_WRITE, NULL);
405 
406 	if (IS_ERR(bdev)) {
407 		DPRINTK("xen_vbd_create: device %08x could not be opened.\n",
408 			vbd->pdevice);
409 		return -ENOENT;
410 	}
411 
412 	vbd->bdev = bdev;
413 	if (vbd->bdev->bd_disk == NULL) {
414 		DPRINTK("xen_vbd_create: device %08x doesn't exist.\n",
415 			vbd->pdevice);
416 		xen_vbd_free(vbd);
417 		return -ENOENT;
418 	}
419 	vbd->size = vbd_sz(vbd);
420 
421 	if (vbd->bdev->bd_disk->flags & GENHD_FL_CD || cdrom)
422 		vbd->type |= VDISK_CDROM;
423 	if (vbd->bdev->bd_disk->flags & GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE)
424 		vbd->type |= VDISK_REMOVABLE;
425 
426 	q = bdev_get_queue(bdev);
427 	if (q && q->flush_flags)
428 		vbd->flush_support = true;
429 
430 	if (q && blk_queue_secdiscard(q))
431 		vbd->discard_secure = true;
432 
433 	DPRINTK("Successful creation of handle=%04x (dom=%u)\n",
434 		handle, blkif->domid);
435 	return 0;
436 }
437 static int xen_blkbk_remove(struct xenbus_device *dev)
438 {
439 	struct backend_info *be = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);
440 
441 	DPRINTK("");
442 
443 	if (be->major || be->minor)
444 		xenvbd_sysfs_delif(dev);
445 
446 	if (be->backend_watch.node) {
447 		unregister_xenbus_watch(&be->backend_watch);
448 		kfree(be->backend_watch.node);
449 		be->backend_watch.node = NULL;
450 	}
451 
452 	if (be->blkif) {
453 		xen_blkif_disconnect(be->blkif);
454 		xen_vbd_free(&be->blkif->vbd);
455 		xen_blkif_free(be->blkif);
456 		be->blkif = NULL;
457 	}
458 
459 	kfree(be->mode);
460 	kfree(be);
461 	dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, NULL);
462 	return 0;
463 }
464 
465 int xen_blkbk_flush_diskcache(struct xenbus_transaction xbt,
466 			      struct backend_info *be, int state)
467 {
468 	struct xenbus_device *dev = be->dev;
469 	int err;
470 
471 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-flush-cache",
472 			    "%d", state);
473 	if (err)
474 		dev_warn(&dev->dev, "writing feature-flush-cache (%d)", err);
475 
476 	return err;
477 }
478 
479 static void xen_blkbk_discard(struct xenbus_transaction xbt, struct backend_info *be)
480 {
481 	struct xenbus_device *dev = be->dev;
482 	struct xen_blkif *blkif = be->blkif;
483 	int err;
484 	int state = 0;
485 	struct block_device *bdev = be->blkif->vbd.bdev;
486 	struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(bdev);
487 
488 	if (blk_queue_discard(q)) {
489 		err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename,
490 			"discard-granularity", "%u",
491 			q->limits.discard_granularity);
492 		if (err) {
493 			dev_warn(&dev->dev, "writing discard-granularity (%d)", err);
494 			return;
495 		}
496 		err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename,
497 			"discard-alignment", "%u",
498 			q->limits.discard_alignment);
499 		if (err) {
500 			dev_warn(&dev->dev, "writing discard-alignment (%d)", err);
501 			return;
502 		}
503 		state = 1;
504 		/* Optional. */
505 		err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename,
506 				    "discard-secure", "%d",
507 				    blkif->vbd.discard_secure);
508 		if (err) {
509 			dev_warn(&dev->dev, "writing discard-secure (%d)", err);
510 			return;
511 		}
512 	}
513 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-discard",
514 			    "%d", state);
515 	if (err)
516 		dev_warn(&dev->dev, "writing feature-discard (%d)", err);
517 }
518 int xen_blkbk_barrier(struct xenbus_transaction xbt,
519 		      struct backend_info *be, int state)
520 {
521 	struct xenbus_device *dev = be->dev;
522 	int err;
523 
524 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-barrier",
525 			    "%d", state);
526 	if (err)
527 		dev_warn(&dev->dev, "writing feature-barrier (%d)", err);
528 
529 	return err;
530 }
531 
532 /*
533  * Entry point to this code when a new device is created.  Allocate the basic
534  * structures, and watch the store waiting for the hotplug scripts to tell us
535  * the device's physical major and minor numbers.  Switch to InitWait.
536  */
537 static int xen_blkbk_probe(struct xenbus_device *dev,
538 			   const struct xenbus_device_id *id)
539 {
540 	int err;
541 	struct backend_info *be = kzalloc(sizeof(struct backend_info),
542 					  GFP_KERNEL);
543 	if (!be) {
544 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, -ENOMEM,
545 				 "allocating backend structure");
546 		return -ENOMEM;
547 	}
548 	be->dev = dev;
549 	dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, be);
550 
551 	be->blkif = xen_blkif_alloc(dev->otherend_id);
552 	if (IS_ERR(be->blkif)) {
553 		err = PTR_ERR(be->blkif);
554 		be->blkif = NULL;
555 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "creating block interface");
556 		goto fail;
557 	}
558 
559 	/* setup back pointer */
560 	be->blkif->be = be;
561 
562 	err = xenbus_watch_pathfmt(dev, &be->backend_watch, backend_changed,
563 				   "%s/%s", dev->nodename, "physical-device");
564 	if (err)
565 		goto fail;
566 
567 	err = xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateInitWait);
568 	if (err)
569 		goto fail;
570 
571 	return 0;
572 
573 fail:
574 	DPRINTK("failed");
575 	xen_blkbk_remove(dev);
576 	return err;
577 }
578 
579 
580 /*
581  * Callback received when the hotplug scripts have placed the physical-device
582  * node.  Read it and the mode node, and create a vbd.  If the frontend is
583  * ready, connect.
584  */
585 static void backend_changed(struct xenbus_watch *watch,
586 			    const char **vec, unsigned int len)
587 {
588 	int err;
589 	unsigned major;
590 	unsigned minor;
591 	struct backend_info *be
592 		= container_of(watch, struct backend_info, backend_watch);
593 	struct xenbus_device *dev = be->dev;
594 	int cdrom = 0;
595 	unsigned long handle;
596 	char *device_type;
597 
598 	DPRINTK("");
599 
600 	err = xenbus_scanf(XBT_NIL, dev->nodename, "physical-device", "%x:%x",
601 			   &major, &minor);
602 	if (XENBUS_EXIST_ERR(err)) {
603 		/*
604 		 * Since this watch will fire once immediately after it is
605 		 * registered, we expect this.  Ignore it, and wait for the
606 		 * hotplug scripts.
607 		 */
608 		return;
609 	}
610 	if (err != 2) {
611 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "reading physical-device");
612 		return;
613 	}
614 
615 	if (be->major | be->minor) {
616 		if (be->major != major || be->minor != minor)
617 			pr_warn(DRV_PFX "changing physical device (from %x:%x to %x:%x) not supported.\n",
618 				be->major, be->minor, major, minor);
619 		return;
620 	}
621 
622 	be->mode = xenbus_read(XBT_NIL, dev->nodename, "mode", NULL);
623 	if (IS_ERR(be->mode)) {
624 		err = PTR_ERR(be->mode);
625 		be->mode = NULL;
626 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "reading mode");
627 		return;
628 	}
629 
630 	device_type = xenbus_read(XBT_NIL, dev->otherend, "device-type", NULL);
631 	if (!IS_ERR(device_type)) {
632 		cdrom = strcmp(device_type, "cdrom") == 0;
633 		kfree(device_type);
634 	}
635 
636 	/* Front end dir is a number, which is used as the handle. */
637 	err = kstrtoul(strrchr(dev->otherend, '/') + 1, 0, &handle);
638 	if (err)
639 		return;
640 
641 	be->major = major;
642 	be->minor = minor;
643 
644 	err = xen_vbd_create(be->blkif, handle, major, minor,
645 			     !strchr(be->mode, 'w'), cdrom);
646 
647 	if (err)
648 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "creating vbd structure");
649 	else {
650 		err = xenvbd_sysfs_addif(dev);
651 		if (err) {
652 			xen_vbd_free(&be->blkif->vbd);
653 			xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "creating sysfs entries");
654 		}
655 	}
656 
657 	if (err) {
658 		kfree(be->mode);
659 		be->mode = NULL;
660 		be->major = 0;
661 		be->minor = 0;
662 	} else {
663 		/* We're potentially connected now */
664 		xen_update_blkif_status(be->blkif);
665 	}
666 }
667 
668 
669 /*
670  * Callback received when the frontend's state changes.
671  */
672 static void frontend_changed(struct xenbus_device *dev,
673 			     enum xenbus_state frontend_state)
674 {
675 	struct backend_info *be = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);
676 	int err;
677 
678 	DPRINTK("%s", xenbus_strstate(frontend_state));
679 
680 	switch (frontend_state) {
681 	case XenbusStateInitialising:
682 		if (dev->state == XenbusStateClosed) {
683 			pr_info(DRV_PFX "%s: prepare for reconnect\n",
684 				dev->nodename);
685 			xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateInitWait);
686 		}
687 		break;
688 
689 	case XenbusStateInitialised:
690 	case XenbusStateConnected:
691 		/*
692 		 * Ensure we connect even when two watches fire in
693 		 * close succession and we miss the intermediate value
694 		 * of frontend_state.
695 		 */
696 		if (dev->state == XenbusStateConnected)
697 			break;
698 
699 		/*
700 		 * Enforce precondition before potential leak point.
701 		 * xen_blkif_disconnect() is idempotent.
702 		 */
703 		xen_blkif_disconnect(be->blkif);
704 
705 		err = connect_ring(be);
706 		if (err)
707 			break;
708 		xen_update_blkif_status(be->blkif);
709 		break;
710 
711 	case XenbusStateClosing:
712 		xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateClosing);
713 		break;
714 
715 	case XenbusStateClosed:
716 		xen_blkif_disconnect(be->blkif);
717 		xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateClosed);
718 		if (xenbus_dev_is_online(dev))
719 			break;
720 		/* fall through if not online */
721 	case XenbusStateUnknown:
722 		/* implies xen_blkif_disconnect() via xen_blkbk_remove() */
723 		device_unregister(&dev->dev);
724 		break;
725 
726 	default:
727 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, -EINVAL, "saw state %d at frontend",
728 				 frontend_state);
729 		break;
730 	}
731 }
732 
733 
734 /* ** Connection ** */
735 
736 
737 /*
738  * Write the physical details regarding the block device to the store, and
739  * switch to Connected state.
740  */
741 static void connect(struct backend_info *be)
742 {
743 	struct xenbus_transaction xbt;
744 	int err;
745 	struct xenbus_device *dev = be->dev;
746 
747 	DPRINTK("%s", dev->otherend);
748 
749 	/* Supply the information about the device the frontend needs */
750 again:
751 	err = xenbus_transaction_start(&xbt);
752 	if (err) {
753 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "starting transaction");
754 		return;
755 	}
756 
757 	/* If we can't advertise it is OK. */
758 	xen_blkbk_flush_diskcache(xbt, be, be->blkif->vbd.flush_support);
759 
760 	xen_blkbk_discard(xbt, be);
761 
762 	xen_blkbk_barrier(xbt, be, be->blkif->vbd.flush_support);
763 
764 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-persistent", "%u", 1);
765 	if (err) {
766 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "writing %s/feature-persistent",
767 				 dev->nodename);
768 		goto abort;
769 	}
770 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "feature-max-indirect-segments", "%u",
771 			    MAX_INDIRECT_SEGMENTS);
772 	if (err)
773 		dev_warn(&dev->dev, "writing %s/feature-max-indirect-segments (%d)",
774 			 dev->nodename, err);
775 
776 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "sectors", "%llu",
777 			    (unsigned long long)vbd_sz(&be->blkif->vbd));
778 	if (err) {
779 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "writing %s/sectors",
780 				 dev->nodename);
781 		goto abort;
782 	}
783 
784 	/* FIXME: use a typename instead */
785 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "info", "%u",
786 			    be->blkif->vbd.type |
787 			    (be->blkif->vbd.readonly ? VDISK_READONLY : 0));
788 	if (err) {
789 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "writing %s/info",
790 				 dev->nodename);
791 		goto abort;
792 	}
793 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "sector-size", "%lu",
794 			    (unsigned long)
795 			    bdev_logical_block_size(be->blkif->vbd.bdev));
796 	if (err) {
797 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "writing %s/sector-size",
798 				 dev->nodename);
799 		goto abort;
800 	}
801 	err = xenbus_printf(xbt, dev->nodename, "physical-sector-size", "%u",
802 			    bdev_physical_block_size(be->blkif->vbd.bdev));
803 	if (err)
804 		xenbus_dev_error(dev, err, "writing %s/physical-sector-size",
805 				 dev->nodename);
806 
807 	err = xenbus_transaction_end(xbt, 0);
808 	if (err == -EAGAIN)
809 		goto again;
810 	if (err)
811 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "ending transaction");
812 
813 	err = xenbus_switch_state(dev, XenbusStateConnected);
814 	if (err)
815 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "%s: switching to Connected state",
816 				 dev->nodename);
817 
818 	return;
819  abort:
820 	xenbus_transaction_end(xbt, 1);
821 }
822 
823 
824 static int connect_ring(struct backend_info *be)
825 {
826 	struct xenbus_device *dev = be->dev;
827 	unsigned long ring_ref;
828 	unsigned int evtchn;
829 	unsigned int pers_grants;
830 	char protocol[64] = "";
831 	int err;
832 
833 	DPRINTK("%s", dev->otherend);
834 
835 	err = xenbus_gather(XBT_NIL, dev->otherend, "ring-ref", "%lu",
836 			    &ring_ref, "event-channel", "%u", &evtchn, NULL);
837 	if (err) {
838 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err,
839 				 "reading %s/ring-ref and event-channel",
840 				 dev->otherend);
841 		return err;
842 	}
843 
844 	be->blkif->blk_protocol = BLKIF_PROTOCOL_NATIVE;
845 	err = xenbus_gather(XBT_NIL, dev->otherend, "protocol",
846 			    "%63s", protocol, NULL);
847 	if (err)
848 		strcpy(protocol, "unspecified, assuming native");
849 	else if (0 == strcmp(protocol, XEN_IO_PROTO_ABI_NATIVE))
850 		be->blkif->blk_protocol = BLKIF_PROTOCOL_NATIVE;
851 	else if (0 == strcmp(protocol, XEN_IO_PROTO_ABI_X86_32))
852 		be->blkif->blk_protocol = BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_32;
853 	else if (0 == strcmp(protocol, XEN_IO_PROTO_ABI_X86_64))
854 		be->blkif->blk_protocol = BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_64;
855 	else {
856 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "unknown fe protocol %s", protocol);
857 		return -1;
858 	}
859 	err = xenbus_gather(XBT_NIL, dev->otherend,
860 			    "feature-persistent", "%u",
861 			    &pers_grants, NULL);
862 	if (err)
863 		pers_grants = 0;
864 
865 	be->blkif->vbd.feature_gnt_persistent = pers_grants;
866 	be->blkif->vbd.overflow_max_grants = 0;
867 
868 	pr_info(DRV_PFX "ring-ref %ld, event-channel %d, protocol %d (%s) %s\n",
869 		ring_ref, evtchn, be->blkif->blk_protocol, protocol,
870 		pers_grants ? "persistent grants" : "");
871 
872 	/* Map the shared frame, irq etc. */
873 	err = xen_blkif_map(be->blkif, ring_ref, evtchn);
874 	if (err) {
875 		xenbus_dev_fatal(dev, err, "mapping ring-ref %lu port %u",
876 				 ring_ref, evtchn);
877 		return err;
878 	}
879 
880 	return 0;
881 }
882 
883 
884 /* ** Driver Registration ** */
885 
886 
887 static const struct xenbus_device_id xen_blkbk_ids[] = {
888 	{ "vbd" },
889 	{ "" }
890 };
891 
892 
893 static DEFINE_XENBUS_DRIVER(xen_blkbk, ,
894 	.probe = xen_blkbk_probe,
895 	.remove = xen_blkbk_remove,
896 	.otherend_changed = frontend_changed
897 );
898 
899 
900 int xen_blkif_xenbus_init(void)
901 {
902 	return xenbus_register_backend(&xen_blkbk_driver);
903 }
904