xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/block/virtio_blk.c (revision f05643a0)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 //#define DEBUG
3 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
4 #include <linux/slab.h>
5 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
6 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
7 #include <linux/module.h>
8 #include <linux/mutex.h>
9 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
10 #include <linux/virtio.h>
11 #include <linux/virtio_blk.h>
12 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
13 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
14 #include <linux/idr.h>
15 #include <linux/blk-mq.h>
16 #include <linux/blk-mq-virtio.h>
17 #include <linux/numa.h>
18 #include <uapi/linux/virtio_ring.h>
19 
20 #define PART_BITS 4
21 #define VQ_NAME_LEN 16
22 #define MAX_DISCARD_SEGMENTS 256u
23 
24 /* The maximum number of sg elements that fit into a virtqueue */
25 #define VIRTIO_BLK_MAX_SG_ELEMS 32768
26 
27 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_NO_SG_CHAIN
28 #define VIRTIO_BLK_INLINE_SG_CNT	0
29 #else
30 #define VIRTIO_BLK_INLINE_SG_CNT	2
31 #endif
32 
33 static unsigned int num_request_queues;
34 module_param(num_request_queues, uint, 0644);
35 MODULE_PARM_DESC(num_request_queues,
36 		 "Limit the number of request queues to use for blk device. "
37 		 "0 for no limit. "
38 		 "Values > nr_cpu_ids truncated to nr_cpu_ids.");
39 
40 static unsigned int poll_queues;
41 module_param(poll_queues, uint, 0644);
42 MODULE_PARM_DESC(poll_queues, "The number of dedicated virtqueues for polling I/O");
43 
44 static int major;
45 static DEFINE_IDA(vd_index_ida);
46 
47 static struct workqueue_struct *virtblk_wq;
48 
49 struct virtio_blk_vq {
50 	struct virtqueue *vq;
51 	spinlock_t lock;
52 	char name[VQ_NAME_LEN];
53 } ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
54 
55 struct virtio_blk {
56 	/*
57 	 * This mutex must be held by anything that may run after
58 	 * virtblk_remove() sets vblk->vdev to NULL.
59 	 *
60 	 * blk-mq, virtqueue processing, and sysfs attribute code paths are
61 	 * shut down before vblk->vdev is set to NULL and therefore do not need
62 	 * to hold this mutex.
63 	 */
64 	struct mutex vdev_mutex;
65 	struct virtio_device *vdev;
66 
67 	/* The disk structure for the kernel. */
68 	struct gendisk *disk;
69 
70 	/* Block layer tags. */
71 	struct blk_mq_tag_set tag_set;
72 
73 	/* Process context for config space updates */
74 	struct work_struct config_work;
75 
76 	/* Ida index - used to track minor number allocations. */
77 	int index;
78 
79 	/* num of vqs */
80 	int num_vqs;
81 	int io_queues[HCTX_MAX_TYPES];
82 	struct virtio_blk_vq *vqs;
83 };
84 
85 struct virtblk_req {
86 	struct virtio_blk_outhdr out_hdr;
87 	u8 status;
88 	struct sg_table sg_table;
89 	struct scatterlist sg[];
90 };
91 
92 static inline blk_status_t virtblk_result(struct virtblk_req *vbr)
93 {
94 	switch (vbr->status) {
95 	case VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK:
96 		return BLK_STS_OK;
97 	case VIRTIO_BLK_S_UNSUPP:
98 		return BLK_STS_NOTSUPP;
99 	default:
100 		return BLK_STS_IOERR;
101 	}
102 }
103 
104 static int virtblk_add_req(struct virtqueue *vq, struct virtblk_req *vbr)
105 {
106 	struct scatterlist hdr, status, *sgs[3];
107 	unsigned int num_out = 0, num_in = 0;
108 
109 	sg_init_one(&hdr, &vbr->out_hdr, sizeof(vbr->out_hdr));
110 	sgs[num_out++] = &hdr;
111 
112 	if (vbr->sg_table.nents) {
113 		if (vbr->out_hdr.type & cpu_to_virtio32(vq->vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_T_OUT))
114 			sgs[num_out++] = vbr->sg_table.sgl;
115 		else
116 			sgs[num_out + num_in++] = vbr->sg_table.sgl;
117 	}
118 
119 	sg_init_one(&status, &vbr->status, sizeof(vbr->status));
120 	sgs[num_out + num_in++] = &status;
121 
122 	return virtqueue_add_sgs(vq, sgs, num_out, num_in, vbr, GFP_ATOMIC);
123 }
124 
125 static int virtblk_setup_discard_write_zeroes(struct request *req, bool unmap)
126 {
127 	unsigned short segments = blk_rq_nr_discard_segments(req);
128 	unsigned short n = 0;
129 	struct virtio_blk_discard_write_zeroes *range;
130 	struct bio *bio;
131 	u32 flags = 0;
132 
133 	if (unmap)
134 		flags |= VIRTIO_BLK_WRITE_ZEROES_FLAG_UNMAP;
135 
136 	range = kmalloc_array(segments, sizeof(*range), GFP_ATOMIC);
137 	if (!range)
138 		return -ENOMEM;
139 
140 	/*
141 	 * Single max discard segment means multi-range discard isn't
142 	 * supported, and block layer only runs contiguity merge like
143 	 * normal RW request. So we can't reply on bio for retrieving
144 	 * each range info.
145 	 */
146 	if (queue_max_discard_segments(req->q) == 1) {
147 		range[0].flags = cpu_to_le32(flags);
148 		range[0].num_sectors = cpu_to_le32(blk_rq_sectors(req));
149 		range[0].sector = cpu_to_le64(blk_rq_pos(req));
150 		n = 1;
151 	} else {
152 		__rq_for_each_bio(bio, req) {
153 			u64 sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
154 			u32 num_sectors = bio->bi_iter.bi_size >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
155 
156 			range[n].flags = cpu_to_le32(flags);
157 			range[n].num_sectors = cpu_to_le32(num_sectors);
158 			range[n].sector = cpu_to_le64(sector);
159 			n++;
160 		}
161 	}
162 
163 	WARN_ON_ONCE(n != segments);
164 
165 	req->special_vec.bv_page = virt_to_page(range);
166 	req->special_vec.bv_offset = offset_in_page(range);
167 	req->special_vec.bv_len = sizeof(*range) * segments;
168 	req->rq_flags |= RQF_SPECIAL_PAYLOAD;
169 
170 	return 0;
171 }
172 
173 static void virtblk_unmap_data(struct request *req, struct virtblk_req *vbr)
174 {
175 	if (blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(req))
176 		sg_free_table_chained(&vbr->sg_table,
177 				      VIRTIO_BLK_INLINE_SG_CNT);
178 }
179 
180 static int virtblk_map_data(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct request *req,
181 		struct virtblk_req *vbr)
182 {
183 	int err;
184 
185 	if (!blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(req))
186 		return 0;
187 
188 	vbr->sg_table.sgl = vbr->sg;
189 	err = sg_alloc_table_chained(&vbr->sg_table,
190 				     blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(req),
191 				     vbr->sg_table.sgl,
192 				     VIRTIO_BLK_INLINE_SG_CNT);
193 	if (unlikely(err))
194 		return -ENOMEM;
195 
196 	return blk_rq_map_sg(hctx->queue, req, vbr->sg_table.sgl);
197 }
198 
199 static void virtblk_cleanup_cmd(struct request *req)
200 {
201 	if (req->rq_flags & RQF_SPECIAL_PAYLOAD)
202 		kfree(bvec_virt(&req->special_vec));
203 }
204 
205 static blk_status_t virtblk_setup_cmd(struct virtio_device *vdev,
206 				      struct request *req,
207 				      struct virtblk_req *vbr)
208 {
209 	bool unmap = false;
210 	u32 type;
211 
212 	vbr->out_hdr.sector = 0;
213 
214 	switch (req_op(req)) {
215 	case REQ_OP_READ:
216 		type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_IN;
217 		vbr->out_hdr.sector = cpu_to_virtio64(vdev,
218 						      blk_rq_pos(req));
219 		break;
220 	case REQ_OP_WRITE:
221 		type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_OUT;
222 		vbr->out_hdr.sector = cpu_to_virtio64(vdev,
223 						      blk_rq_pos(req));
224 		break;
225 	case REQ_OP_FLUSH:
226 		type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_FLUSH;
227 		break;
228 	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
229 		type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_DISCARD;
230 		break;
231 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
232 		type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_WRITE_ZEROES;
233 		unmap = !(req->cmd_flags & REQ_NOUNMAP);
234 		break;
235 	case REQ_OP_DRV_IN:
236 		type = VIRTIO_BLK_T_GET_ID;
237 		break;
238 	default:
239 		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
240 		return BLK_STS_IOERR;
241 	}
242 
243 	vbr->out_hdr.type = cpu_to_virtio32(vdev, type);
244 	vbr->out_hdr.ioprio = cpu_to_virtio32(vdev, req_get_ioprio(req));
245 
246 	if (type == VIRTIO_BLK_T_DISCARD || type == VIRTIO_BLK_T_WRITE_ZEROES) {
247 		if (virtblk_setup_discard_write_zeroes(req, unmap))
248 			return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
249 	}
250 
251 	return 0;
252 }
253 
254 static inline void virtblk_request_done(struct request *req)
255 {
256 	struct virtblk_req *vbr = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
257 
258 	virtblk_unmap_data(req, vbr);
259 	virtblk_cleanup_cmd(req);
260 	blk_mq_end_request(req, virtblk_result(vbr));
261 }
262 
263 static void virtblk_done(struct virtqueue *vq)
264 {
265 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = vq->vdev->priv;
266 	bool req_done = false;
267 	int qid = vq->index;
268 	struct virtblk_req *vbr;
269 	unsigned long flags;
270 	unsigned int len;
271 
272 	spin_lock_irqsave(&vblk->vqs[qid].lock, flags);
273 	do {
274 		virtqueue_disable_cb(vq);
275 		while ((vbr = virtqueue_get_buf(vblk->vqs[qid].vq, &len)) != NULL) {
276 			struct request *req = blk_mq_rq_from_pdu(vbr);
277 
278 			if (likely(!blk_should_fake_timeout(req->q)))
279 				blk_mq_complete_request(req);
280 			req_done = true;
281 		}
282 		if (unlikely(virtqueue_is_broken(vq)))
283 			break;
284 	} while (!virtqueue_enable_cb(vq));
285 
286 	/* In case queue is stopped waiting for more buffers. */
287 	if (req_done)
288 		blk_mq_start_stopped_hw_queues(vblk->disk->queue, true);
289 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vblk->vqs[qid].lock, flags);
290 }
291 
292 static void virtio_commit_rqs(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
293 {
294 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = hctx->queue->queuedata;
295 	struct virtio_blk_vq *vq = &vblk->vqs[hctx->queue_num];
296 	bool kick;
297 
298 	spin_lock_irq(&vq->lock);
299 	kick = virtqueue_kick_prepare(vq->vq);
300 	spin_unlock_irq(&vq->lock);
301 
302 	if (kick)
303 		virtqueue_notify(vq->vq);
304 }
305 
306 static blk_status_t virtblk_prep_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
307 					struct virtio_blk *vblk,
308 					struct request *req,
309 					struct virtblk_req *vbr)
310 {
311 	blk_status_t status;
312 
313 	status = virtblk_setup_cmd(vblk->vdev, req, vbr);
314 	if (unlikely(status))
315 		return status;
316 
317 	blk_mq_start_request(req);
318 
319 	vbr->sg_table.nents = virtblk_map_data(hctx, req, vbr);
320 	if (unlikely(vbr->sg_table.nents < 0)) {
321 		virtblk_cleanup_cmd(req);
322 		return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
323 	}
324 
325 	return BLK_STS_OK;
326 }
327 
328 static blk_status_t virtio_queue_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
329 			   const struct blk_mq_queue_data *bd)
330 {
331 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = hctx->queue->queuedata;
332 	struct request *req = bd->rq;
333 	struct virtblk_req *vbr = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
334 	unsigned long flags;
335 	int qid = hctx->queue_num;
336 	bool notify = false;
337 	blk_status_t status;
338 	int err;
339 
340 	status = virtblk_prep_rq(hctx, vblk, req, vbr);
341 	if (unlikely(status))
342 		return status;
343 
344 	spin_lock_irqsave(&vblk->vqs[qid].lock, flags);
345 	err = virtblk_add_req(vblk->vqs[qid].vq, vbr);
346 	if (err) {
347 		virtqueue_kick(vblk->vqs[qid].vq);
348 		/* Don't stop the queue if -ENOMEM: we may have failed to
349 		 * bounce the buffer due to global resource outage.
350 		 */
351 		if (err == -ENOSPC)
352 			blk_mq_stop_hw_queue(hctx);
353 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vblk->vqs[qid].lock, flags);
354 		virtblk_unmap_data(req, vbr);
355 		virtblk_cleanup_cmd(req);
356 		switch (err) {
357 		case -ENOSPC:
358 			return BLK_STS_DEV_RESOURCE;
359 		case -ENOMEM:
360 			return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
361 		default:
362 			return BLK_STS_IOERR;
363 		}
364 	}
365 
366 	if (bd->last && virtqueue_kick_prepare(vblk->vqs[qid].vq))
367 		notify = true;
368 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vblk->vqs[qid].lock, flags);
369 
370 	if (notify)
371 		virtqueue_notify(vblk->vqs[qid].vq);
372 	return BLK_STS_OK;
373 }
374 
375 static bool virtblk_prep_rq_batch(struct request *req)
376 {
377 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = req->mq_hctx->queue->queuedata;
378 	struct virtblk_req *vbr = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
379 
380 	req->mq_hctx->tags->rqs[req->tag] = req;
381 
382 	return virtblk_prep_rq(req->mq_hctx, vblk, req, vbr) == BLK_STS_OK;
383 }
384 
385 static bool virtblk_add_req_batch(struct virtio_blk_vq *vq,
386 					struct request **rqlist,
387 					struct request **requeue_list)
388 {
389 	unsigned long flags;
390 	int err;
391 	bool kick;
392 
393 	spin_lock_irqsave(&vq->lock, flags);
394 
395 	while (!rq_list_empty(*rqlist)) {
396 		struct request *req = rq_list_pop(rqlist);
397 		struct virtblk_req *vbr = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
398 
399 		err = virtblk_add_req(vq->vq, vbr);
400 		if (err) {
401 			virtblk_unmap_data(req, vbr);
402 			virtblk_cleanup_cmd(req);
403 			rq_list_add(requeue_list, req);
404 		}
405 	}
406 
407 	kick = virtqueue_kick_prepare(vq->vq);
408 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vq->lock, flags);
409 
410 	return kick;
411 }
412 
413 static void virtio_queue_rqs(struct request **rqlist)
414 {
415 	struct request *req, *next, *prev = NULL;
416 	struct request *requeue_list = NULL;
417 
418 	rq_list_for_each_safe(rqlist, req, next) {
419 		struct virtio_blk_vq *vq = req->mq_hctx->driver_data;
420 		bool kick;
421 
422 		if (!virtblk_prep_rq_batch(req)) {
423 			rq_list_move(rqlist, &requeue_list, req, prev);
424 			req = prev;
425 			if (!req)
426 				continue;
427 		}
428 
429 		if (!next || req->mq_hctx != next->mq_hctx) {
430 			req->rq_next = NULL;
431 			kick = virtblk_add_req_batch(vq, rqlist, &requeue_list);
432 			if (kick)
433 				virtqueue_notify(vq->vq);
434 
435 			*rqlist = next;
436 			prev = NULL;
437 		} else
438 			prev = req;
439 	}
440 
441 	*rqlist = requeue_list;
442 }
443 
444 /* return id (s/n) string for *disk to *id_str
445  */
446 static int virtblk_get_id(struct gendisk *disk, char *id_str)
447 {
448 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = disk->private_data;
449 	struct request_queue *q = vblk->disk->queue;
450 	struct request *req;
451 	int err;
452 
453 	req = blk_mq_alloc_request(q, REQ_OP_DRV_IN, 0);
454 	if (IS_ERR(req))
455 		return PTR_ERR(req);
456 
457 	err = blk_rq_map_kern(q, req, id_str, VIRTIO_BLK_ID_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
458 	if (err)
459 		goto out;
460 
461 	blk_execute_rq(req, false);
462 	err = blk_status_to_errno(virtblk_result(blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req)));
463 out:
464 	blk_mq_free_request(req);
465 	return err;
466 }
467 
468 /* We provide getgeo only to please some old bootloader/partitioning tools */
469 static int virtblk_getgeo(struct block_device *bd, struct hd_geometry *geo)
470 {
471 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = bd->bd_disk->private_data;
472 	int ret = 0;
473 
474 	mutex_lock(&vblk->vdev_mutex);
475 
476 	if (!vblk->vdev) {
477 		ret = -ENXIO;
478 		goto out;
479 	}
480 
481 	/* see if the host passed in geometry config */
482 	if (virtio_has_feature(vblk->vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_GEOMETRY)) {
483 		virtio_cread(vblk->vdev, struct virtio_blk_config,
484 			     geometry.cylinders, &geo->cylinders);
485 		virtio_cread(vblk->vdev, struct virtio_blk_config,
486 			     geometry.heads, &geo->heads);
487 		virtio_cread(vblk->vdev, struct virtio_blk_config,
488 			     geometry.sectors, &geo->sectors);
489 	} else {
490 		/* some standard values, similar to sd */
491 		geo->heads = 1 << 6;
492 		geo->sectors = 1 << 5;
493 		geo->cylinders = get_capacity(bd->bd_disk) >> 11;
494 	}
495 out:
496 	mutex_unlock(&vblk->vdev_mutex);
497 	return ret;
498 }
499 
500 static void virtblk_free_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
501 {
502 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = disk->private_data;
503 
504 	ida_simple_remove(&vd_index_ida, vblk->index);
505 	mutex_destroy(&vblk->vdev_mutex);
506 	kfree(vblk);
507 }
508 
509 static const struct block_device_operations virtblk_fops = {
510 	.owner  	= THIS_MODULE,
511 	.getgeo		= virtblk_getgeo,
512 	.free_disk	= virtblk_free_disk,
513 };
514 
515 static int index_to_minor(int index)
516 {
517 	return index << PART_BITS;
518 }
519 
520 static int minor_to_index(int minor)
521 {
522 	return minor >> PART_BITS;
523 }
524 
525 static ssize_t serial_show(struct device *dev,
526 			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
527 {
528 	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
529 	int err;
530 
531 	/* sysfs gives us a PAGE_SIZE buffer */
532 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PAGE_SIZE < VIRTIO_BLK_ID_BYTES);
533 
534 	buf[VIRTIO_BLK_ID_BYTES] = '\0';
535 	err = virtblk_get_id(disk, buf);
536 	if (!err)
537 		return strlen(buf);
538 
539 	if (err == -EIO) /* Unsupported? Make it empty. */
540 		return 0;
541 
542 	return err;
543 }
544 
545 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(serial);
546 
547 /* The queue's logical block size must be set before calling this */
548 static void virtblk_update_capacity(struct virtio_blk *vblk, bool resize)
549 {
550 	struct virtio_device *vdev = vblk->vdev;
551 	struct request_queue *q = vblk->disk->queue;
552 	char cap_str_2[10], cap_str_10[10];
553 	unsigned long long nblocks;
554 	u64 capacity;
555 
556 	/* Host must always specify the capacity. */
557 	virtio_cread(vdev, struct virtio_blk_config, capacity, &capacity);
558 
559 	nblocks = DIV_ROUND_UP_ULL(capacity, queue_logical_block_size(q) >> 9);
560 
561 	string_get_size(nblocks, queue_logical_block_size(q),
562 			STRING_UNITS_2, cap_str_2, sizeof(cap_str_2));
563 	string_get_size(nblocks, queue_logical_block_size(q),
564 			STRING_UNITS_10, cap_str_10, sizeof(cap_str_10));
565 
566 	dev_notice(&vdev->dev,
567 		   "[%s] %s%llu %d-byte logical blocks (%s/%s)\n",
568 		   vblk->disk->disk_name,
569 		   resize ? "new size: " : "",
570 		   nblocks,
571 		   queue_logical_block_size(q),
572 		   cap_str_10,
573 		   cap_str_2);
574 
575 	set_capacity_and_notify(vblk->disk, capacity);
576 }
577 
578 static void virtblk_config_changed_work(struct work_struct *work)
579 {
580 	struct virtio_blk *vblk =
581 		container_of(work, struct virtio_blk, config_work);
582 
583 	virtblk_update_capacity(vblk, true);
584 }
585 
586 static void virtblk_config_changed(struct virtio_device *vdev)
587 {
588 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = vdev->priv;
589 
590 	queue_work(virtblk_wq, &vblk->config_work);
591 }
592 
593 static int init_vq(struct virtio_blk *vblk)
594 {
595 	int err;
596 	int i;
597 	vq_callback_t **callbacks;
598 	const char **names;
599 	struct virtqueue **vqs;
600 	unsigned short num_vqs;
601 	unsigned int num_poll_vqs;
602 	struct virtio_device *vdev = vblk->vdev;
603 	struct irq_affinity desc = { 0, };
604 
605 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_MQ,
606 				   struct virtio_blk_config, num_queues,
607 				   &num_vqs);
608 	if (err)
609 		num_vqs = 1;
610 
611 	if (!err && !num_vqs) {
612 		dev_err(&vdev->dev, "MQ advertised but zero queues reported\n");
613 		return -EINVAL;
614 	}
615 
616 	num_vqs = min_t(unsigned int,
617 			min_not_zero(num_request_queues, nr_cpu_ids),
618 			num_vqs);
619 
620 	num_poll_vqs = min_t(unsigned int, poll_queues, num_vqs - 1);
621 
622 	vblk->io_queues[HCTX_TYPE_DEFAULT] = num_vqs - num_poll_vqs;
623 	vblk->io_queues[HCTX_TYPE_READ] = 0;
624 	vblk->io_queues[HCTX_TYPE_POLL] = num_poll_vqs;
625 
626 	dev_info(&vdev->dev, "%d/%d/%d default/read/poll queues\n",
627 				vblk->io_queues[HCTX_TYPE_DEFAULT],
628 				vblk->io_queues[HCTX_TYPE_READ],
629 				vblk->io_queues[HCTX_TYPE_POLL]);
630 
631 	vblk->vqs = kmalloc_array(num_vqs, sizeof(*vblk->vqs), GFP_KERNEL);
632 	if (!vblk->vqs)
633 		return -ENOMEM;
634 
635 	names = kmalloc_array(num_vqs, sizeof(*names), GFP_KERNEL);
636 	callbacks = kmalloc_array(num_vqs, sizeof(*callbacks), GFP_KERNEL);
637 	vqs = kmalloc_array(num_vqs, sizeof(*vqs), GFP_KERNEL);
638 	if (!names || !callbacks || !vqs) {
639 		err = -ENOMEM;
640 		goto out;
641 	}
642 
643 	for (i = 0; i < num_vqs - num_poll_vqs; i++) {
644 		callbacks[i] = virtblk_done;
645 		snprintf(vblk->vqs[i].name, VQ_NAME_LEN, "req.%d", i);
646 		names[i] = vblk->vqs[i].name;
647 	}
648 
649 	for (; i < num_vqs; i++) {
650 		callbacks[i] = NULL;
651 		snprintf(vblk->vqs[i].name, VQ_NAME_LEN, "req_poll.%d", i);
652 		names[i] = vblk->vqs[i].name;
653 	}
654 
655 	/* Discover virtqueues and write information to configuration.  */
656 	err = virtio_find_vqs(vdev, num_vqs, vqs, callbacks, names, &desc);
657 	if (err)
658 		goto out;
659 
660 	for (i = 0; i < num_vqs; i++) {
661 		spin_lock_init(&vblk->vqs[i].lock);
662 		vblk->vqs[i].vq = vqs[i];
663 	}
664 	vblk->num_vqs = num_vqs;
665 
666 out:
667 	kfree(vqs);
668 	kfree(callbacks);
669 	kfree(names);
670 	if (err)
671 		kfree(vblk->vqs);
672 	return err;
673 }
674 
675 /*
676  * Legacy naming scheme used for virtio devices.  We are stuck with it for
677  * virtio blk but don't ever use it for any new driver.
678  */
679 static int virtblk_name_format(char *prefix, int index, char *buf, int buflen)
680 {
681 	const int base = 'z' - 'a' + 1;
682 	char *begin = buf + strlen(prefix);
683 	char *end = buf + buflen;
684 	char *p;
685 	int unit;
686 
687 	p = end - 1;
688 	*p = '\0';
689 	unit = base;
690 	do {
691 		if (p == begin)
692 			return -EINVAL;
693 		*--p = 'a' + (index % unit);
694 		index = (index / unit) - 1;
695 	} while (index >= 0);
696 
697 	memmove(begin, p, end - p);
698 	memcpy(buf, prefix, strlen(prefix));
699 
700 	return 0;
701 }
702 
703 static int virtblk_get_cache_mode(struct virtio_device *vdev)
704 {
705 	u8 writeback;
706 	int err;
707 
708 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_CONFIG_WCE,
709 				   struct virtio_blk_config, wce,
710 				   &writeback);
711 
712 	/*
713 	 * If WCE is not configurable and flush is not available,
714 	 * assume no writeback cache is in use.
715 	 */
716 	if (err)
717 		writeback = virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_FLUSH);
718 
719 	return writeback;
720 }
721 
722 static void virtblk_update_cache_mode(struct virtio_device *vdev)
723 {
724 	u8 writeback = virtblk_get_cache_mode(vdev);
725 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = vdev->priv;
726 
727 	blk_queue_write_cache(vblk->disk->queue, writeback, false);
728 }
729 
730 static const char *const virtblk_cache_types[] = {
731 	"write through", "write back"
732 };
733 
734 static ssize_t
735 cache_type_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
736 		 const char *buf, size_t count)
737 {
738 	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
739 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = disk->private_data;
740 	struct virtio_device *vdev = vblk->vdev;
741 	int i;
742 
743 	BUG_ON(!virtio_has_feature(vblk->vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_CONFIG_WCE));
744 	i = sysfs_match_string(virtblk_cache_types, buf);
745 	if (i < 0)
746 		return i;
747 
748 	virtio_cwrite8(vdev, offsetof(struct virtio_blk_config, wce), i);
749 	virtblk_update_cache_mode(vdev);
750 	return count;
751 }
752 
753 static ssize_t
754 cache_type_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
755 {
756 	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
757 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = disk->private_data;
758 	u8 writeback = virtblk_get_cache_mode(vblk->vdev);
759 
760 	BUG_ON(writeback >= ARRAY_SIZE(virtblk_cache_types));
761 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", virtblk_cache_types[writeback]);
762 }
763 
764 static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(cache_type);
765 
766 static struct attribute *virtblk_attrs[] = {
767 	&dev_attr_serial.attr,
768 	&dev_attr_cache_type.attr,
769 	NULL,
770 };
771 
772 static umode_t virtblk_attrs_are_visible(struct kobject *kobj,
773 		struct attribute *a, int n)
774 {
775 	struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj);
776 	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
777 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = disk->private_data;
778 	struct virtio_device *vdev = vblk->vdev;
779 
780 	if (a == &dev_attr_cache_type.attr &&
781 	    !virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_CONFIG_WCE))
782 		return S_IRUGO;
783 
784 	return a->mode;
785 }
786 
787 static const struct attribute_group virtblk_attr_group = {
788 	.attrs = virtblk_attrs,
789 	.is_visible = virtblk_attrs_are_visible,
790 };
791 
792 static const struct attribute_group *virtblk_attr_groups[] = {
793 	&virtblk_attr_group,
794 	NULL,
795 };
796 
797 static int virtblk_map_queues(struct blk_mq_tag_set *set)
798 {
799 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = set->driver_data;
800 	int i, qoff;
801 
802 	for (i = 0, qoff = 0; i < set->nr_maps; i++) {
803 		struct blk_mq_queue_map *map = &set->map[i];
804 
805 		map->nr_queues = vblk->io_queues[i];
806 		map->queue_offset = qoff;
807 		qoff += map->nr_queues;
808 
809 		if (map->nr_queues == 0)
810 			continue;
811 
812 		/*
813 		 * Regular queues have interrupts and hence CPU affinity is
814 		 * defined by the core virtio code, but polling queues have
815 		 * no interrupts so we let the block layer assign CPU affinity.
816 		 */
817 		if (i == HCTX_TYPE_POLL)
818 			blk_mq_map_queues(&set->map[i]);
819 		else
820 			blk_mq_virtio_map_queues(&set->map[i], vblk->vdev, 0);
821 	}
822 
823 	return 0;
824 }
825 
826 static void virtblk_complete_batch(struct io_comp_batch *iob)
827 {
828 	struct request *req;
829 
830 	rq_list_for_each(&iob->req_list, req) {
831 		virtblk_unmap_data(req, blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req));
832 		virtblk_cleanup_cmd(req);
833 	}
834 	blk_mq_end_request_batch(iob);
835 }
836 
837 static int virtblk_poll(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct io_comp_batch *iob)
838 {
839 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = hctx->queue->queuedata;
840 	struct virtio_blk_vq *vq = hctx->driver_data;
841 	struct virtblk_req *vbr;
842 	unsigned long flags;
843 	unsigned int len;
844 	int found = 0;
845 
846 	spin_lock_irqsave(&vq->lock, flags);
847 
848 	while ((vbr = virtqueue_get_buf(vq->vq, &len)) != NULL) {
849 		struct request *req = blk_mq_rq_from_pdu(vbr);
850 
851 		found++;
852 		if (!blk_mq_add_to_batch(req, iob, vbr->status,
853 						virtblk_complete_batch))
854 			blk_mq_complete_request(req);
855 	}
856 
857 	if (found)
858 		blk_mq_start_stopped_hw_queues(vblk->disk->queue, true);
859 
860 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vq->lock, flags);
861 
862 	return found;
863 }
864 
865 static int virtblk_init_hctx(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, void *data,
866 			  unsigned int hctx_idx)
867 {
868 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = data;
869 	struct virtio_blk_vq *vq = &vblk->vqs[hctx_idx];
870 
871 	WARN_ON(vblk->tag_set.tags[hctx_idx] != hctx->tags);
872 	hctx->driver_data = vq;
873 	return 0;
874 }
875 
876 static const struct blk_mq_ops virtio_mq_ops = {
877 	.queue_rq	= virtio_queue_rq,
878 	.queue_rqs	= virtio_queue_rqs,
879 	.commit_rqs	= virtio_commit_rqs,
880 	.init_hctx	= virtblk_init_hctx,
881 	.complete	= virtblk_request_done,
882 	.map_queues	= virtblk_map_queues,
883 	.poll		= virtblk_poll,
884 };
885 
886 static unsigned int virtblk_queue_depth;
887 module_param_named(queue_depth, virtblk_queue_depth, uint, 0444);
888 
889 static int virtblk_probe(struct virtio_device *vdev)
890 {
891 	struct virtio_blk *vblk;
892 	struct request_queue *q;
893 	int err, index;
894 
895 	u32 v, blk_size, max_size, sg_elems, opt_io_size;
896 	u16 min_io_size;
897 	u8 physical_block_exp, alignment_offset;
898 	unsigned int queue_depth;
899 
900 	if (!vdev->config->get) {
901 		dev_err(&vdev->dev, "%s failure: config access disabled\n",
902 			__func__);
903 		return -EINVAL;
904 	}
905 
906 	err = ida_simple_get(&vd_index_ida, 0, minor_to_index(1 << MINORBITS),
907 			     GFP_KERNEL);
908 	if (err < 0)
909 		goto out;
910 	index = err;
911 
912 	/* We need to know how many segments before we allocate. */
913 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_SEG_MAX,
914 				   struct virtio_blk_config, seg_max,
915 				   &sg_elems);
916 
917 	/* We need at least one SG element, whatever they say. */
918 	if (err || !sg_elems)
919 		sg_elems = 1;
920 
921 	/* Prevent integer overflows and honor max vq size */
922 	sg_elems = min_t(u32, sg_elems, VIRTIO_BLK_MAX_SG_ELEMS - 2);
923 
924 	vdev->priv = vblk = kmalloc(sizeof(*vblk), GFP_KERNEL);
925 	if (!vblk) {
926 		err = -ENOMEM;
927 		goto out_free_index;
928 	}
929 
930 	mutex_init(&vblk->vdev_mutex);
931 
932 	vblk->vdev = vdev;
933 
934 	INIT_WORK(&vblk->config_work, virtblk_config_changed_work);
935 
936 	err = init_vq(vblk);
937 	if (err)
938 		goto out_free_vblk;
939 
940 	/* Default queue sizing is to fill the ring. */
941 	if (!virtblk_queue_depth) {
942 		queue_depth = vblk->vqs[0].vq->num_free;
943 		/* ... but without indirect descs, we use 2 descs per req */
944 		if (!virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC))
945 			queue_depth /= 2;
946 	} else {
947 		queue_depth = virtblk_queue_depth;
948 	}
949 
950 	memset(&vblk->tag_set, 0, sizeof(vblk->tag_set));
951 	vblk->tag_set.ops = &virtio_mq_ops;
952 	vblk->tag_set.queue_depth = queue_depth;
953 	vblk->tag_set.numa_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
954 	vblk->tag_set.flags = BLK_MQ_F_SHOULD_MERGE;
955 	vblk->tag_set.cmd_size =
956 		sizeof(struct virtblk_req) +
957 		sizeof(struct scatterlist) * VIRTIO_BLK_INLINE_SG_CNT;
958 	vblk->tag_set.driver_data = vblk;
959 	vblk->tag_set.nr_hw_queues = vblk->num_vqs;
960 	vblk->tag_set.nr_maps = 1;
961 	if (vblk->io_queues[HCTX_TYPE_POLL])
962 		vblk->tag_set.nr_maps = 3;
963 
964 	err = blk_mq_alloc_tag_set(&vblk->tag_set);
965 	if (err)
966 		goto out_free_vq;
967 
968 	vblk->disk = blk_mq_alloc_disk(&vblk->tag_set, vblk);
969 	if (IS_ERR(vblk->disk)) {
970 		err = PTR_ERR(vblk->disk);
971 		goto out_free_tags;
972 	}
973 	q = vblk->disk->queue;
974 
975 	virtblk_name_format("vd", index, vblk->disk->disk_name, DISK_NAME_LEN);
976 
977 	vblk->disk->major = major;
978 	vblk->disk->first_minor = index_to_minor(index);
979 	vblk->disk->minors = 1 << PART_BITS;
980 	vblk->disk->private_data = vblk;
981 	vblk->disk->fops = &virtblk_fops;
982 	vblk->index = index;
983 
984 	/* configure queue flush support */
985 	virtblk_update_cache_mode(vdev);
986 
987 	/* If disk is read-only in the host, the guest should obey */
988 	if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_RO))
989 		set_disk_ro(vblk->disk, 1);
990 
991 	/* We can handle whatever the host told us to handle. */
992 	blk_queue_max_segments(q, sg_elems);
993 
994 	/* No real sector limit. */
995 	blk_queue_max_hw_sectors(q, -1U);
996 
997 	max_size = virtio_max_dma_size(vdev);
998 
999 	/* Host can optionally specify maximum segment size and number of
1000 	 * segments. */
1001 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_SIZE_MAX,
1002 				   struct virtio_blk_config, size_max, &v);
1003 	if (!err)
1004 		max_size = min(max_size, v);
1005 
1006 	blk_queue_max_segment_size(q, max_size);
1007 
1008 	/* Host can optionally specify the block size of the device */
1009 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_BLK_SIZE,
1010 				   struct virtio_blk_config, blk_size,
1011 				   &blk_size);
1012 	if (!err) {
1013 		err = blk_validate_block_size(blk_size);
1014 		if (err) {
1015 			dev_err(&vdev->dev,
1016 				"virtio_blk: invalid block size: 0x%x\n",
1017 				blk_size);
1018 			goto out_cleanup_disk;
1019 		}
1020 
1021 		blk_queue_logical_block_size(q, blk_size);
1022 	} else
1023 		blk_size = queue_logical_block_size(q);
1024 
1025 	/* Use topology information if available */
1026 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_TOPOLOGY,
1027 				   struct virtio_blk_config, physical_block_exp,
1028 				   &physical_block_exp);
1029 	if (!err && physical_block_exp)
1030 		blk_queue_physical_block_size(q,
1031 				blk_size * (1 << physical_block_exp));
1032 
1033 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_TOPOLOGY,
1034 				   struct virtio_blk_config, alignment_offset,
1035 				   &alignment_offset);
1036 	if (!err && alignment_offset)
1037 		blk_queue_alignment_offset(q, blk_size * alignment_offset);
1038 
1039 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_TOPOLOGY,
1040 				   struct virtio_blk_config, min_io_size,
1041 				   &min_io_size);
1042 	if (!err && min_io_size)
1043 		blk_queue_io_min(q, blk_size * min_io_size);
1044 
1045 	err = virtio_cread_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_TOPOLOGY,
1046 				   struct virtio_blk_config, opt_io_size,
1047 				   &opt_io_size);
1048 	if (!err && opt_io_size)
1049 		blk_queue_io_opt(q, blk_size * opt_io_size);
1050 
1051 	if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_DISCARD)) {
1052 		virtio_cread(vdev, struct virtio_blk_config,
1053 			     discard_sector_alignment, &v);
1054 		if (v)
1055 			q->limits.discard_granularity = v << SECTOR_SHIFT;
1056 		else
1057 			q->limits.discard_granularity = blk_size;
1058 
1059 		virtio_cread(vdev, struct virtio_blk_config,
1060 			     max_discard_sectors, &v);
1061 		blk_queue_max_discard_sectors(q, v ? v : UINT_MAX);
1062 
1063 		virtio_cread(vdev, struct virtio_blk_config, max_discard_seg,
1064 			     &v);
1065 
1066 		/*
1067 		 * max_discard_seg == 0 is out of spec but we always
1068 		 * handled it.
1069 		 */
1070 		if (!v)
1071 			v = sg_elems;
1072 		blk_queue_max_discard_segments(q,
1073 					       min(v, MAX_DISCARD_SEGMENTS));
1074 	}
1075 
1076 	if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_F_WRITE_ZEROES)) {
1077 		virtio_cread(vdev, struct virtio_blk_config,
1078 			     max_write_zeroes_sectors, &v);
1079 		blk_queue_max_write_zeroes_sectors(q, v ? v : UINT_MAX);
1080 	}
1081 
1082 	virtblk_update_capacity(vblk, false);
1083 	virtio_device_ready(vdev);
1084 
1085 	err = device_add_disk(&vdev->dev, vblk->disk, virtblk_attr_groups);
1086 	if (err)
1087 		goto out_cleanup_disk;
1088 
1089 	return 0;
1090 
1091 out_cleanup_disk:
1092 	blk_cleanup_disk(vblk->disk);
1093 out_free_tags:
1094 	blk_mq_free_tag_set(&vblk->tag_set);
1095 out_free_vq:
1096 	vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);
1097 	kfree(vblk->vqs);
1098 out_free_vblk:
1099 	kfree(vblk);
1100 out_free_index:
1101 	ida_simple_remove(&vd_index_ida, index);
1102 out:
1103 	return err;
1104 }
1105 
1106 static void virtblk_remove(struct virtio_device *vdev)
1107 {
1108 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = vdev->priv;
1109 
1110 	/* Make sure no work handler is accessing the device. */
1111 	flush_work(&vblk->config_work);
1112 
1113 	del_gendisk(vblk->disk);
1114 	blk_cleanup_queue(vblk->disk->queue);
1115 	blk_mq_free_tag_set(&vblk->tag_set);
1116 
1117 	mutex_lock(&vblk->vdev_mutex);
1118 
1119 	/* Stop all the virtqueues. */
1120 	virtio_reset_device(vdev);
1121 
1122 	/* Virtqueues are stopped, nothing can use vblk->vdev anymore. */
1123 	vblk->vdev = NULL;
1124 
1125 	vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);
1126 	kfree(vblk->vqs);
1127 
1128 	mutex_unlock(&vblk->vdev_mutex);
1129 
1130 	put_disk(vblk->disk);
1131 }
1132 
1133 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
1134 static int virtblk_freeze(struct virtio_device *vdev)
1135 {
1136 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = vdev->priv;
1137 
1138 	/* Ensure we don't receive any more interrupts */
1139 	virtio_reset_device(vdev);
1140 
1141 	/* Make sure no work handler is accessing the device. */
1142 	flush_work(&vblk->config_work);
1143 
1144 	blk_mq_quiesce_queue(vblk->disk->queue);
1145 
1146 	vdev->config->del_vqs(vdev);
1147 	kfree(vblk->vqs);
1148 
1149 	return 0;
1150 }
1151 
1152 static int virtblk_restore(struct virtio_device *vdev)
1153 {
1154 	struct virtio_blk *vblk = vdev->priv;
1155 	int ret;
1156 
1157 	ret = init_vq(vdev->priv);
1158 	if (ret)
1159 		return ret;
1160 
1161 	virtio_device_ready(vdev);
1162 
1163 	blk_mq_unquiesce_queue(vblk->disk->queue);
1164 	return 0;
1165 }
1166 #endif
1167 
1168 static const struct virtio_device_id id_table[] = {
1169 	{ VIRTIO_ID_BLOCK, VIRTIO_DEV_ANY_ID },
1170 	{ 0 },
1171 };
1172 
1173 static unsigned int features_legacy[] = {
1174 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_SEG_MAX, VIRTIO_BLK_F_SIZE_MAX, VIRTIO_BLK_F_GEOMETRY,
1175 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_RO, VIRTIO_BLK_F_BLK_SIZE,
1176 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_FLUSH, VIRTIO_BLK_F_TOPOLOGY, VIRTIO_BLK_F_CONFIG_WCE,
1177 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_MQ, VIRTIO_BLK_F_DISCARD, VIRTIO_BLK_F_WRITE_ZEROES,
1178 }
1179 ;
1180 static unsigned int features[] = {
1181 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_SEG_MAX, VIRTIO_BLK_F_SIZE_MAX, VIRTIO_BLK_F_GEOMETRY,
1182 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_RO, VIRTIO_BLK_F_BLK_SIZE,
1183 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_FLUSH, VIRTIO_BLK_F_TOPOLOGY, VIRTIO_BLK_F_CONFIG_WCE,
1184 	VIRTIO_BLK_F_MQ, VIRTIO_BLK_F_DISCARD, VIRTIO_BLK_F_WRITE_ZEROES,
1185 };
1186 
1187 static struct virtio_driver virtio_blk = {
1188 	.feature_table			= features,
1189 	.feature_table_size		= ARRAY_SIZE(features),
1190 	.feature_table_legacy		= features_legacy,
1191 	.feature_table_size_legacy	= ARRAY_SIZE(features_legacy),
1192 	.driver.name			= KBUILD_MODNAME,
1193 	.driver.owner			= THIS_MODULE,
1194 	.id_table			= id_table,
1195 	.probe				= virtblk_probe,
1196 	.remove				= virtblk_remove,
1197 	.config_changed			= virtblk_config_changed,
1198 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
1199 	.freeze				= virtblk_freeze,
1200 	.restore			= virtblk_restore,
1201 #endif
1202 };
1203 
1204 static int __init virtio_blk_init(void)
1205 {
1206 	int error;
1207 
1208 	virtblk_wq = alloc_workqueue("virtio-blk", 0, 0);
1209 	if (!virtblk_wq)
1210 		return -ENOMEM;
1211 
1212 	major = register_blkdev(0, "virtblk");
1213 	if (major < 0) {
1214 		error = major;
1215 		goto out_destroy_workqueue;
1216 	}
1217 
1218 	error = register_virtio_driver(&virtio_blk);
1219 	if (error)
1220 		goto out_unregister_blkdev;
1221 	return 0;
1222 
1223 out_unregister_blkdev:
1224 	unregister_blkdev(major, "virtblk");
1225 out_destroy_workqueue:
1226 	destroy_workqueue(virtblk_wq);
1227 	return error;
1228 }
1229 
1230 static void __exit virtio_blk_fini(void)
1231 {
1232 	unregister_virtio_driver(&virtio_blk);
1233 	unregister_blkdev(major, "virtblk");
1234 	destroy_workqueue(virtblk_wq);
1235 }
1236 module_init(virtio_blk_init);
1237 module_exit(virtio_blk_fini);
1238 
1239 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(virtio, id_table);
1240 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Virtio block driver");
1241 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1242