xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/auxdisplay/charlcd.c (revision 1d27a0be)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Character LCD driver for Linux
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2000-2008, Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
6  * Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Glider bvba
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/atomic.h>
10 #include <linux/ctype.h>
11 #include <linux/delay.h>
12 #include <linux/fs.h>
13 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/notifier.h>
16 #include <linux/reboot.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
19 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
20 
21 #include <generated/utsrelease.h>
22 
23 #include "charlcd.h"
24 
25 #define DEFAULT_LCD_BWIDTH      40
26 #define DEFAULT_LCD_HWIDTH      64
27 
28 /* Keep the backlight on this many seconds for each flash */
29 #define LCD_BL_TEMPO_PERIOD	4
30 
31 #define LCD_FLAG_B		0x0004	/* Blink on */
32 #define LCD_FLAG_C		0x0008	/* Cursor on */
33 #define LCD_FLAG_D		0x0010	/* Display on */
34 #define LCD_FLAG_F		0x0020	/* Large font mode */
35 #define LCD_FLAG_N		0x0040	/* 2-rows mode */
36 #define LCD_FLAG_L		0x0080	/* Backlight enabled */
37 
38 /* LCD commands */
39 #define LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_CLEAR	0x01	/* Clear entire display */
40 
41 #define LCD_CMD_ENTRY_MODE	0x04	/* Set entry mode */
42 #define LCD_CMD_CURSOR_INC	0x02	/* Increment cursor */
43 
44 #define LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_CTRL	0x08	/* Display control */
45 #define LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_ON	0x04	/* Set display on */
46 #define LCD_CMD_CURSOR_ON	0x02	/* Set cursor on */
47 #define LCD_CMD_BLINK_ON	0x01	/* Set blink on */
48 
49 #define LCD_CMD_SHIFT		0x10	/* Shift cursor/display */
50 #define LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_SHIFT	0x08	/* Shift display instead of cursor */
51 #define LCD_CMD_SHIFT_RIGHT	0x04	/* Shift display/cursor to the right */
52 
53 #define LCD_CMD_FUNCTION_SET	0x20	/* Set function */
54 #define LCD_CMD_DATA_LEN_8BITS	0x10	/* Set data length to 8 bits */
55 #define LCD_CMD_TWO_LINES	0x08	/* Set to two display lines */
56 #define LCD_CMD_FONT_5X10_DOTS	0x04	/* Set char font to 5x10 dots */
57 
58 #define LCD_CMD_SET_CGRAM_ADDR	0x40	/* Set char generator RAM address */
59 
60 #define LCD_CMD_SET_DDRAM_ADDR	0x80	/* Set display data RAM address */
61 
62 #define LCD_ESCAPE_LEN		24	/* Max chars for LCD escape command */
63 #define LCD_ESCAPE_CHAR		27	/* Use char 27 for escape command */
64 
65 struct charlcd_priv {
66 	struct charlcd lcd;
67 
68 	struct delayed_work bl_work;
69 	struct mutex bl_tempo_lock;	/* Protects access to bl_tempo */
70 	bool bl_tempo;
71 
72 	bool must_clear;
73 
74 	/* contains the LCD config state */
75 	unsigned long int flags;
76 
77 	/* Contains the LCD X and Y offset */
78 	struct {
79 		unsigned long int x;
80 		unsigned long int y;
81 	} addr;
82 
83 	/* Current escape sequence and it's length or -1 if outside */
84 	struct {
85 		char buf[LCD_ESCAPE_LEN + 1];
86 		int len;
87 	} esc_seq;
88 
89 	unsigned long long drvdata[];
90 };
91 
92 #define charlcd_to_priv(p)	container_of(p, struct charlcd_priv, lcd)
93 
94 /* Device single-open policy control */
95 static atomic_t charlcd_available = ATOMIC_INIT(1);
96 
97 /* sleeps that many milliseconds with a reschedule */
98 static void long_sleep(int ms)
99 {
100 	schedule_timeout_interruptible(msecs_to_jiffies(ms));
101 }
102 
103 /* turn the backlight on or off */
104 static void charlcd_backlight(struct charlcd *lcd, int on)
105 {
106 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
107 
108 	if (!lcd->ops->backlight)
109 		return;
110 
111 	mutex_lock(&priv->bl_tempo_lock);
112 	if (!priv->bl_tempo)
113 		lcd->ops->backlight(lcd, on);
114 	mutex_unlock(&priv->bl_tempo_lock);
115 }
116 
117 static void charlcd_bl_off(struct work_struct *work)
118 {
119 	struct delayed_work *dwork = to_delayed_work(work);
120 	struct charlcd_priv *priv =
121 		container_of(dwork, struct charlcd_priv, bl_work);
122 
123 	mutex_lock(&priv->bl_tempo_lock);
124 	if (priv->bl_tempo) {
125 		priv->bl_tempo = false;
126 		if (!(priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_L))
127 			priv->lcd.ops->backlight(&priv->lcd, 0);
128 	}
129 	mutex_unlock(&priv->bl_tempo_lock);
130 }
131 
132 /* turn the backlight on for a little while */
133 void charlcd_poke(struct charlcd *lcd)
134 {
135 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
136 
137 	if (!lcd->ops->backlight)
138 		return;
139 
140 	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&priv->bl_work);
141 
142 	mutex_lock(&priv->bl_tempo_lock);
143 	if (!priv->bl_tempo && !(priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_L))
144 		lcd->ops->backlight(lcd, 1);
145 	priv->bl_tempo = true;
146 	schedule_delayed_work(&priv->bl_work, LCD_BL_TEMPO_PERIOD * HZ);
147 	mutex_unlock(&priv->bl_tempo_lock);
148 }
149 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(charlcd_poke);
150 
151 static void charlcd_gotoxy(struct charlcd *lcd)
152 {
153 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
154 	unsigned int addr;
155 
156 	/*
157 	 * we force the cursor to stay at the end of the
158 	 * line if it wants to go farther
159 	 */
160 	addr = priv->addr.x < lcd->bwidth ? priv->addr.x & (lcd->hwidth - 1)
161 					  : lcd->bwidth - 1;
162 	if (priv->addr.y & 1)
163 		addr += lcd->hwidth;
164 	if (priv->addr.y & 2)
165 		addr += lcd->bwidth;
166 	lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_SET_DDRAM_ADDR | addr);
167 }
168 
169 static void charlcd_home(struct charlcd *lcd)
170 {
171 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
172 
173 	priv->addr.x = 0;
174 	priv->addr.y = 0;
175 	charlcd_gotoxy(lcd);
176 }
177 
178 static void charlcd_print(struct charlcd *lcd, char c)
179 {
180 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
181 
182 	if (priv->addr.x < lcd->bwidth) {
183 		if (lcd->char_conv)
184 			c = lcd->char_conv[(unsigned char)c];
185 		lcd->ops->write_data(lcd, c);
186 		priv->addr.x++;
187 
188 		/* prevents the cursor from wrapping onto the next line */
189 		if (priv->addr.x == lcd->bwidth)
190 			charlcd_gotoxy(lcd);
191 	}
192 }
193 
194 static void charlcd_clear_fast(struct charlcd *lcd)
195 {
196 	int pos;
197 
198 	charlcd_home(lcd);
199 
200 	if (lcd->ops->clear_fast)
201 		lcd->ops->clear_fast(lcd);
202 	else
203 		for (pos = 0; pos < min(2, lcd->height) * lcd->hwidth; pos++)
204 			lcd->ops->write_data(lcd, ' ');
205 
206 	charlcd_home(lcd);
207 }
208 
209 /* clears the display and resets X/Y */
210 static void charlcd_clear_display(struct charlcd *lcd)
211 {
212 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
213 
214 	lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_CLEAR);
215 	priv->addr.x = 0;
216 	priv->addr.y = 0;
217 	/* we must wait a few milliseconds (15) */
218 	long_sleep(15);
219 }
220 
221 static int charlcd_init_display(struct charlcd *lcd)
222 {
223 	void (*write_cmd_raw)(struct charlcd *lcd, int cmd);
224 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
225 	u8 init;
226 
227 	if (lcd->ifwidth != 4 && lcd->ifwidth != 8)
228 		return -EINVAL;
229 
230 	priv->flags = ((lcd->height > 1) ? LCD_FLAG_N : 0) | LCD_FLAG_D |
231 		      LCD_FLAG_C | LCD_FLAG_B;
232 
233 	long_sleep(20);		/* wait 20 ms after power-up for the paranoid */
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * 8-bit mode, 1 line, small fonts; let's do it 3 times, to make sure
237 	 * the LCD is in 8-bit mode afterwards
238 	 */
239 	init = LCD_CMD_FUNCTION_SET | LCD_CMD_DATA_LEN_8BITS;
240 	if (lcd->ifwidth == 4) {
241 		init >>= 4;
242 		write_cmd_raw = lcd->ops->write_cmd_raw4;
243 	} else {
244 		write_cmd_raw = lcd->ops->write_cmd;
245 	}
246 	write_cmd_raw(lcd, init);
247 	long_sleep(10);
248 	write_cmd_raw(lcd, init);
249 	long_sleep(10);
250 	write_cmd_raw(lcd, init);
251 	long_sleep(10);
252 
253 	if (lcd->ifwidth == 4) {
254 		/* Switch to 4-bit mode, 1 line, small fonts */
255 		lcd->ops->write_cmd_raw4(lcd, LCD_CMD_FUNCTION_SET >> 4);
256 		long_sleep(10);
257 	}
258 
259 	/* set font height and lines number */
260 	lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd,
261 		LCD_CMD_FUNCTION_SET |
262 		((lcd->ifwidth == 8) ? LCD_CMD_DATA_LEN_8BITS : 0) |
263 		((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_F) ? LCD_CMD_FONT_5X10_DOTS : 0) |
264 		((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_N) ? LCD_CMD_TWO_LINES : 0));
265 	long_sleep(10);
266 
267 	/* display off, cursor off, blink off */
268 	lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_CTRL);
269 	long_sleep(10);
270 
271 	lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd,
272 		LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_CTRL |	/* set display mode */
273 		((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_D) ? LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_ON : 0) |
274 		((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_C) ? LCD_CMD_CURSOR_ON : 0) |
275 		((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_B) ? LCD_CMD_BLINK_ON : 0));
276 
277 	charlcd_backlight(lcd, (priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_L) ? 1 : 0);
278 
279 	long_sleep(10);
280 
281 	/* entry mode set : increment, cursor shifting */
282 	lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_ENTRY_MODE | LCD_CMD_CURSOR_INC);
283 
284 	charlcd_clear_display(lcd);
285 	return 0;
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Parses a movement command of the form "(.*);", where the group can be
290  * any number of subcommands of the form "(x|y)[0-9]+".
291  *
292  * Returns whether the command is valid. The position arguments are
293  * only written if the parsing was successful.
294  *
295  * For instance:
296  *   - ";"          returns (<original x>, <original y>).
297  *   - "x1;"        returns (1, <original y>).
298  *   - "y2x1;"      returns (1, 2).
299  *   - "x12y34x56;" returns (56, 34).
300  *   - ""           fails.
301  *   - "x"          fails.
302  *   - "x;"         fails.
303  *   - "x1"         fails.
304  *   - "xy12;"      fails.
305  *   - "x12yy12;"   fails.
306  *   - "xx"         fails.
307  */
308 static bool parse_xy(const char *s, unsigned long *x, unsigned long *y)
309 {
310 	unsigned long new_x = *x;
311 	unsigned long new_y = *y;
312 	char *p;
313 
314 	for (;;) {
315 		if (!*s)
316 			return false;
317 
318 		if (*s == ';')
319 			break;
320 
321 		if (*s == 'x') {
322 			new_x = simple_strtoul(s + 1, &p, 10);
323 			if (p == s + 1)
324 				return false;
325 			s = p;
326 		} else if (*s == 'y') {
327 			new_y = simple_strtoul(s + 1, &p, 10);
328 			if (p == s + 1)
329 				return false;
330 			s = p;
331 		} else {
332 			return false;
333 		}
334 	}
335 
336 	*x = new_x;
337 	*y = new_y;
338 	return true;
339 }
340 
341 /*
342  * These are the file operation function for user access to /dev/lcd
343  * This function can also be called from inside the kernel, by
344  * setting file and ppos to NULL.
345  *
346  */
347 
348 static inline int handle_lcd_special_code(struct charlcd *lcd)
349 {
350 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
351 
352 	/* LCD special codes */
353 
354 	int processed = 0;
355 
356 	char *esc = priv->esc_seq.buf + 2;
357 	int oldflags = priv->flags;
358 
359 	/* check for display mode flags */
360 	switch (*esc) {
361 	case 'D':	/* Display ON */
362 		priv->flags |= LCD_FLAG_D;
363 		processed = 1;
364 		break;
365 	case 'd':	/* Display OFF */
366 		priv->flags &= ~LCD_FLAG_D;
367 		processed = 1;
368 		break;
369 	case 'C':	/* Cursor ON */
370 		priv->flags |= LCD_FLAG_C;
371 		processed = 1;
372 		break;
373 	case 'c':	/* Cursor OFF */
374 		priv->flags &= ~LCD_FLAG_C;
375 		processed = 1;
376 		break;
377 	case 'B':	/* Blink ON */
378 		priv->flags |= LCD_FLAG_B;
379 		processed = 1;
380 		break;
381 	case 'b':	/* Blink OFF */
382 		priv->flags &= ~LCD_FLAG_B;
383 		processed = 1;
384 		break;
385 	case '+':	/* Back light ON */
386 		priv->flags |= LCD_FLAG_L;
387 		processed = 1;
388 		break;
389 	case '-':	/* Back light OFF */
390 		priv->flags &= ~LCD_FLAG_L;
391 		processed = 1;
392 		break;
393 	case '*':	/* Flash back light */
394 		charlcd_poke(lcd);
395 		processed = 1;
396 		break;
397 	case 'f':	/* Small Font */
398 		priv->flags &= ~LCD_FLAG_F;
399 		processed = 1;
400 		break;
401 	case 'F':	/* Large Font */
402 		priv->flags |= LCD_FLAG_F;
403 		processed = 1;
404 		break;
405 	case 'n':	/* One Line */
406 		priv->flags &= ~LCD_FLAG_N;
407 		processed = 1;
408 		break;
409 	case 'N':	/* Two Lines */
410 		priv->flags |= LCD_FLAG_N;
411 		processed = 1;
412 		break;
413 	case 'l':	/* Shift Cursor Left */
414 		if (priv->addr.x > 0) {
415 			/* back one char if not at end of line */
416 			if (priv->addr.x < lcd->bwidth)
417 				lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_SHIFT);
418 			priv->addr.x--;
419 		}
420 		processed = 1;
421 		break;
422 	case 'r':	/* shift cursor right */
423 		if (priv->addr.x < lcd->width) {
424 			/* allow the cursor to pass the end of the line */
425 			if (priv->addr.x < (lcd->bwidth - 1))
426 				lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd,
427 					LCD_CMD_SHIFT | LCD_CMD_SHIFT_RIGHT);
428 			priv->addr.x++;
429 		}
430 		processed = 1;
431 		break;
432 	case 'L':	/* shift display left */
433 		lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_SHIFT | LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_SHIFT);
434 		processed = 1;
435 		break;
436 	case 'R':	/* shift display right */
437 		lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd,
438 				    LCD_CMD_SHIFT | LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_SHIFT |
439 				    LCD_CMD_SHIFT_RIGHT);
440 		processed = 1;
441 		break;
442 	case 'k': {	/* kill end of line */
443 		int x;
444 
445 		for (x = priv->addr.x; x < lcd->bwidth; x++)
446 			lcd->ops->write_data(lcd, ' ');
447 
448 		/* restore cursor position */
449 		charlcd_gotoxy(lcd);
450 		processed = 1;
451 		break;
452 	}
453 	case 'I':	/* reinitialize display */
454 		charlcd_init_display(lcd);
455 		processed = 1;
456 		break;
457 	case 'G': {
458 		/* Generator : LGcxxxxx...xx; must have <c> between '0'
459 		 * and '7', representing the numerical ASCII code of the
460 		 * redefined character, and <xx...xx> a sequence of 16
461 		 * hex digits representing 8 bytes for each character.
462 		 * Most LCDs will only use 5 lower bits of the 7 first
463 		 * bytes.
464 		 */
465 
466 		unsigned char cgbytes[8];
467 		unsigned char cgaddr;
468 		int cgoffset;
469 		int shift;
470 		char value;
471 		int addr;
472 
473 		if (!strchr(esc, ';'))
474 			break;
475 
476 		esc++;
477 
478 		cgaddr = *(esc++) - '0';
479 		if (cgaddr > 7) {
480 			processed = 1;
481 			break;
482 		}
483 
484 		cgoffset = 0;
485 		shift = 0;
486 		value = 0;
487 		while (*esc && cgoffset < 8) {
488 			shift ^= 4;
489 			if (*esc >= '0' && *esc <= '9') {
490 				value |= (*esc - '0') << shift;
491 			} else if (*esc >= 'A' && *esc <= 'F') {
492 				value |= (*esc - 'A' + 10) << shift;
493 			} else if (*esc >= 'a' && *esc <= 'f') {
494 				value |= (*esc - 'a' + 10) << shift;
495 			} else {
496 				esc++;
497 				continue;
498 			}
499 
500 			if (shift == 0) {
501 				cgbytes[cgoffset++] = value;
502 				value = 0;
503 			}
504 
505 			esc++;
506 		}
507 
508 		lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_SET_CGRAM_ADDR | (cgaddr * 8));
509 		for (addr = 0; addr < cgoffset; addr++)
510 			lcd->ops->write_data(lcd, cgbytes[addr]);
511 
512 		/* ensures that we stop writing to CGRAM */
513 		charlcd_gotoxy(lcd);
514 		processed = 1;
515 		break;
516 	}
517 	case 'x':	/* gotoxy : LxXXX[yYYY]; */
518 	case 'y':	/* gotoxy : LyYYY[xXXX]; */
519 		if (priv->esc_seq.buf[priv->esc_seq.len - 1] != ';')
520 			break;
521 
522 		/* If the command is valid, move to the new address */
523 		if (parse_xy(esc, &priv->addr.x, &priv->addr.y))
524 			charlcd_gotoxy(lcd);
525 
526 		/* Regardless of its validity, mark as processed */
527 		processed = 1;
528 		break;
529 	}
530 
531 	/* TODO: This indent party here got ugly, clean it! */
532 	/* Check whether one flag was changed */
533 	if (oldflags == priv->flags)
534 		return processed;
535 
536 	/* check whether one of B,C,D flags were changed */
537 	if ((oldflags ^ priv->flags) &
538 	    (LCD_FLAG_B | LCD_FLAG_C | LCD_FLAG_D))
539 		/* set display mode */
540 		lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd,
541 			LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_CTRL |
542 			((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_D) ? LCD_CMD_DISPLAY_ON : 0) |
543 			((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_C) ? LCD_CMD_CURSOR_ON : 0) |
544 			((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_B) ? LCD_CMD_BLINK_ON : 0));
545 	/* check whether one of F,N flags was changed */
546 	else if ((oldflags ^ priv->flags) & (LCD_FLAG_F | LCD_FLAG_N))
547 		lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd,
548 			LCD_CMD_FUNCTION_SET |
549 			((lcd->ifwidth == 8) ? LCD_CMD_DATA_LEN_8BITS : 0) |
550 			((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_F) ? LCD_CMD_FONT_5X10_DOTS : 0) |
551 			((priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_N) ? LCD_CMD_TWO_LINES : 0));
552 	/* check whether L flag was changed */
553 	else if ((oldflags ^ priv->flags) & LCD_FLAG_L)
554 		charlcd_backlight(lcd, !!(priv->flags & LCD_FLAG_L));
555 
556 	return processed;
557 }
558 
559 static void charlcd_write_char(struct charlcd *lcd, char c)
560 {
561 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
562 
563 	/* first, we'll test if we're in escape mode */
564 	if ((c != '\n') && priv->esc_seq.len >= 0) {
565 		/* yes, let's add this char to the buffer */
566 		priv->esc_seq.buf[priv->esc_seq.len++] = c;
567 		priv->esc_seq.buf[priv->esc_seq.len] = '\0';
568 	} else {
569 		/* aborts any previous escape sequence */
570 		priv->esc_seq.len = -1;
571 
572 		switch (c) {
573 		case LCD_ESCAPE_CHAR:
574 			/* start of an escape sequence */
575 			priv->esc_seq.len = 0;
576 			priv->esc_seq.buf[priv->esc_seq.len] = '\0';
577 			break;
578 		case '\b':
579 			/* go back one char and clear it */
580 			if (priv->addr.x > 0) {
581 				/*
582 				 * check if we're not at the
583 				 * end of the line
584 				 */
585 				if (priv->addr.x < lcd->bwidth)
586 					/* back one char */
587 					lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_SHIFT);
588 				priv->addr.x--;
589 			}
590 			/* replace with a space */
591 			lcd->ops->write_data(lcd, ' ');
592 			/* back one char again */
593 			lcd->ops->write_cmd(lcd, LCD_CMD_SHIFT);
594 			break;
595 		case '\f':
596 			/* quickly clear the display */
597 			charlcd_clear_fast(lcd);
598 			break;
599 		case '\n':
600 			/*
601 			 * flush the remainder of the current line and
602 			 * go to the beginning of the next line
603 			 */
604 			for (; priv->addr.x < lcd->bwidth; priv->addr.x++)
605 				lcd->ops->write_data(lcd, ' ');
606 			priv->addr.x = 0;
607 			priv->addr.y = (priv->addr.y + 1) % lcd->height;
608 			charlcd_gotoxy(lcd);
609 			break;
610 		case '\r':
611 			/* go to the beginning of the same line */
612 			priv->addr.x = 0;
613 			charlcd_gotoxy(lcd);
614 			break;
615 		case '\t':
616 			/* print a space instead of the tab */
617 			charlcd_print(lcd, ' ');
618 			break;
619 		default:
620 			/* simply print this char */
621 			charlcd_print(lcd, c);
622 			break;
623 		}
624 	}
625 
626 	/*
627 	 * now we'll see if we're in an escape mode and if the current
628 	 * escape sequence can be understood.
629 	 */
630 	if (priv->esc_seq.len >= 2) {
631 		int processed = 0;
632 
633 		if (!strcmp(priv->esc_seq.buf, "[2J")) {
634 			/* clear the display */
635 			charlcd_clear_fast(lcd);
636 			processed = 1;
637 		} else if (!strcmp(priv->esc_seq.buf, "[H")) {
638 			/* cursor to home */
639 			charlcd_home(lcd);
640 			processed = 1;
641 		}
642 		/* codes starting with ^[[L */
643 		else if ((priv->esc_seq.len >= 3) &&
644 			 (priv->esc_seq.buf[0] == '[') &&
645 			 (priv->esc_seq.buf[1] == 'L')) {
646 			processed = handle_lcd_special_code(lcd);
647 		}
648 
649 		/* LCD special escape codes */
650 		/*
651 		 * flush the escape sequence if it's been processed
652 		 * or if it is getting too long.
653 		 */
654 		if (processed || (priv->esc_seq.len >= LCD_ESCAPE_LEN))
655 			priv->esc_seq.len = -1;
656 	} /* escape codes */
657 }
658 
659 static struct charlcd *the_charlcd;
660 
661 static ssize_t charlcd_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
662 			     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
663 {
664 	const char __user *tmp = buf;
665 	char c;
666 
667 	for (; count-- > 0; (*ppos)++, tmp++) {
668 		if (!in_interrupt() && (((count + 1) & 0x1f) == 0))
669 			/*
670 			 * let's be a little nice with other processes
671 			 * that need some CPU
672 			 */
673 			schedule();
674 
675 		if (get_user(c, tmp))
676 			return -EFAULT;
677 
678 		charlcd_write_char(the_charlcd, c);
679 	}
680 
681 	return tmp - buf;
682 }
683 
684 static int charlcd_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
685 {
686 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(the_charlcd);
687 	int ret;
688 
689 	ret = -EBUSY;
690 	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&charlcd_available))
691 		goto fail;	/* open only once at a time */
692 
693 	ret = -EPERM;
694 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)	/* device is write-only */
695 		goto fail;
696 
697 	if (priv->must_clear) {
698 		charlcd_clear_display(&priv->lcd);
699 		priv->must_clear = false;
700 	}
701 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
702 
703  fail:
704 	atomic_inc(&charlcd_available);
705 	return ret;
706 }
707 
708 static int charlcd_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
709 {
710 	atomic_inc(&charlcd_available);
711 	return 0;
712 }
713 
714 static const struct file_operations charlcd_fops = {
715 	.write   = charlcd_write,
716 	.open    = charlcd_open,
717 	.release = charlcd_release,
718 	.llseek  = no_llseek,
719 };
720 
721 static struct miscdevice charlcd_dev = {
722 	.minor	= LCD_MINOR,
723 	.name	= "lcd",
724 	.fops	= &charlcd_fops,
725 };
726 
727 static void charlcd_puts(struct charlcd *lcd, const char *s)
728 {
729 	const char *tmp = s;
730 	int count = strlen(s);
731 
732 	for (; count-- > 0; tmp++) {
733 		if (!in_interrupt() && (((count + 1) & 0x1f) == 0))
734 			/*
735 			 * let's be a little nice with other processes
736 			 * that need some CPU
737 			 */
738 			schedule();
739 
740 		charlcd_write_char(lcd, *tmp);
741 	}
742 }
743 
744 #ifdef CONFIG_PANEL_BOOT_MESSAGE
745 #define LCD_INIT_TEXT CONFIG_PANEL_BOOT_MESSAGE
746 #else
747 #define LCD_INIT_TEXT "Linux-" UTS_RELEASE "\n"
748 #endif
749 
750 #ifdef CONFIG_CHARLCD_BL_ON
751 #define LCD_INIT_BL "\x1b[L+"
752 #elif defined(CONFIG_CHARLCD_BL_FLASH)
753 #define LCD_INIT_BL "\x1b[L*"
754 #else
755 #define LCD_INIT_BL "\x1b[L-"
756 #endif
757 
758 /* initialize the LCD driver */
759 static int charlcd_init(struct charlcd *lcd)
760 {
761 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
762 	int ret;
763 
764 	if (lcd->ops->backlight) {
765 		mutex_init(&priv->bl_tempo_lock);
766 		INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&priv->bl_work, charlcd_bl_off);
767 	}
768 
769 	/*
770 	 * before this line, we must NOT send anything to the display.
771 	 * Since charlcd_init_display() needs to write data, we have to
772 	 * enable mark the LCD initialized just before.
773 	 */
774 	ret = charlcd_init_display(lcd);
775 	if (ret)
776 		return ret;
777 
778 	/* display a short message */
779 	charlcd_puts(lcd, "\x1b[Lc\x1b[Lb" LCD_INIT_BL LCD_INIT_TEXT);
780 
781 	/* clear the display on the next device opening */
782 	priv->must_clear = true;
783 	charlcd_home(lcd);
784 	return 0;
785 }
786 
787 struct charlcd *charlcd_alloc(unsigned int drvdata_size)
788 {
789 	struct charlcd_priv *priv;
790 	struct charlcd *lcd;
791 
792 	priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*priv) + drvdata_size, GFP_KERNEL);
793 	if (!priv)
794 		return NULL;
795 
796 	priv->esc_seq.len = -1;
797 
798 	lcd = &priv->lcd;
799 	lcd->ifwidth = 8;
800 	lcd->bwidth = DEFAULT_LCD_BWIDTH;
801 	lcd->hwidth = DEFAULT_LCD_HWIDTH;
802 	lcd->drvdata = priv->drvdata;
803 
804 	return lcd;
805 }
806 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(charlcd_alloc);
807 
808 void charlcd_free(struct charlcd *lcd)
809 {
810 	kfree(charlcd_to_priv(lcd));
811 }
812 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(charlcd_free);
813 
814 static int panel_notify_sys(struct notifier_block *this, unsigned long code,
815 			    void *unused)
816 {
817 	struct charlcd *lcd = the_charlcd;
818 
819 	switch (code) {
820 	case SYS_DOWN:
821 		charlcd_puts(lcd,
822 			     "\x0cReloading\nSystem...\x1b[Lc\x1b[Lb\x1b[L+");
823 		break;
824 	case SYS_HALT:
825 		charlcd_puts(lcd, "\x0cSystem Halted.\x1b[Lc\x1b[Lb\x1b[L+");
826 		break;
827 	case SYS_POWER_OFF:
828 		charlcd_puts(lcd, "\x0cPower off.\x1b[Lc\x1b[Lb\x1b[L+");
829 		break;
830 	default:
831 		break;
832 	}
833 	return NOTIFY_DONE;
834 }
835 
836 static struct notifier_block panel_notifier = {
837 	panel_notify_sys,
838 	NULL,
839 	0
840 };
841 
842 int charlcd_register(struct charlcd *lcd)
843 {
844 	int ret;
845 
846 	ret = charlcd_init(lcd);
847 	if (ret)
848 		return ret;
849 
850 	ret = misc_register(&charlcd_dev);
851 	if (ret)
852 		return ret;
853 
854 	the_charlcd = lcd;
855 	register_reboot_notifier(&panel_notifier);
856 	return 0;
857 }
858 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(charlcd_register);
859 
860 int charlcd_unregister(struct charlcd *lcd)
861 {
862 	struct charlcd_priv *priv = charlcd_to_priv(lcd);
863 
864 	unregister_reboot_notifier(&panel_notifier);
865 	charlcd_puts(lcd, "\x0cLCD driver unloaded.\x1b[Lc\x1b[Lb\x1b[L-");
866 	misc_deregister(&charlcd_dev);
867 	the_charlcd = NULL;
868 	if (lcd->ops->backlight) {
869 		cancel_delayed_work_sync(&priv->bl_work);
870 		priv->lcd.ops->backlight(&priv->lcd, 0);
871 	}
872 
873 	return 0;
874 }
875 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(charlcd_unregister);
876 
877 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
878