1 /*
2  * Driver for the on-board character LCD found on some ARM reference boards
3  * This is basically an Hitachi HD44780 LCD with a custom IP block to drive it
4  * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HD44780_Character_LCD
5  * Currently it will just display the text "ARM Linux" and the linux version
6  *
7  * License terms: GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2
8  * Author: Linus Walleij <triad@df.lth.se>
9  */
10 #include <linux/init.h>
11 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
12 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
13 #include <linux/of.h>
14 #include <linux/completion.h>
15 #include <linux/delay.h>
16 #include <linux/io.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
18 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
19 #include <generated/utsrelease.h>
20 
21 #define DRIVERNAME "arm-charlcd"
22 #define CHARLCD_TIMEOUT (msecs_to_jiffies(1000))
23 
24 /* Offsets to registers */
25 #define CHAR_COM	0x00U
26 #define CHAR_DAT	0x04U
27 #define CHAR_RD		0x08U
28 #define CHAR_RAW	0x0CU
29 #define CHAR_MASK	0x10U
30 #define CHAR_STAT	0x14U
31 
32 #define CHAR_RAW_CLEAR	0x00000000U
33 #define CHAR_RAW_VALID	0x00000100U
34 
35 /* Hitachi HD44780 display commands */
36 #define HD_CLEAR			0x01U
37 #define HD_HOME				0x02U
38 #define HD_ENTRYMODE			0x04U
39 #define HD_ENTRYMODE_INCREMENT		0x02U
40 #define HD_ENTRYMODE_SHIFT		0x01U
41 #define HD_DISPCTRL			0x08U
42 #define HD_DISPCTRL_ON			0x04U
43 #define HD_DISPCTRL_CURSOR_ON		0x02U
44 #define HD_DISPCTRL_CURSOR_BLINK	0x01U
45 #define HD_CRSR_SHIFT			0x10U
46 #define HD_CRSR_SHIFT_DISPLAY		0x08U
47 #define HD_CRSR_SHIFT_DISPLAY_RIGHT	0x04U
48 #define HD_FUNCSET			0x20U
49 #define HD_FUNCSET_8BIT			0x10U
50 #define HD_FUNCSET_2_LINES		0x08U
51 #define HD_FUNCSET_FONT_5X10		0x04U
52 #define HD_SET_CGRAM			0x40U
53 #define HD_SET_DDRAM			0x80U
54 #define HD_BUSY_FLAG			0x80U
55 
56 /**
57  * @dev: a pointer back to containing device
58  * @phybase: the offset to the controller in physical memory
59  * @physize: the size of the physical page
60  * @virtbase: the offset to the controller in virtual memory
61  * @irq: reserved interrupt number
62  * @complete: completion structure for the last LCD command
63  */
64 struct charlcd {
65 	struct device *dev;
66 	u32 phybase;
67 	u32 physize;
68 	void __iomem *virtbase;
69 	int irq;
70 	struct completion complete;
71 	struct delayed_work init_work;
72 };
73 
74 static irqreturn_t charlcd_interrupt(int irq, void *data)
75 {
76 	struct charlcd *lcd = data;
77 	u8 status;
78 
79 	status = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_STAT) & 0x01;
80 	/* Clear IRQ */
81 	writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
82 	if (status)
83 		complete(&lcd->complete);
84 	else
85 		dev_info(lcd->dev, "Spurious IRQ (%02x)\n", status);
86 	return IRQ_HANDLED;
87 }
88 
89 
90 static void charlcd_wait_complete_irq(struct charlcd *lcd)
91 {
92 	int ret;
93 
94 	ret = wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(&lcd->complete,
95 							CHARLCD_TIMEOUT);
96 	/* Disable IRQ after completion */
97 	writel(0x00, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_MASK);
98 
99 	if (ret < 0) {
100 		dev_err(lcd->dev,
101 			"wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout() "
102 			"returned %d waiting for ready\n", ret);
103 		return;
104 	}
105 
106 	if (ret == 0) {
107 		dev_err(lcd->dev, "charlcd controller timed out "
108 			"waiting for ready\n");
109 		return;
110 	}
111 }
112 
113 static u8 charlcd_4bit_read_char(struct charlcd *lcd)
114 {
115 	u8 data;
116 	u32 val;
117 	int i;
118 
119 	/* If we can, use an IRQ to wait for the data, else poll */
120 	if (lcd->irq >= 0)
121 		charlcd_wait_complete_irq(lcd);
122 	else {
123 		i = 0;
124 		val = 0;
125 		while (!(val & CHAR_RAW_VALID) && i < 10) {
126 			udelay(100);
127 			val = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
128 			i++;
129 		}
130 
131 		writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
132 	}
133 	msleep(1);
134 
135 	/* Read the 4 high bits of the data */
136 	data = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RD) & 0xf0;
137 
138 	/*
139 	 * The second read for the low bits does not trigger an IRQ
140 	 * so in this case we have to poll for the 4 lower bits
141 	 */
142 	i = 0;
143 	val = 0;
144 	while (!(val & CHAR_RAW_VALID) && i < 10) {
145 		udelay(100);
146 		val = readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
147 		i++;
148 	}
149 	writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
150 	msleep(1);
151 
152 	/* Read the 4 low bits of the data */
153 	data |= (readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RD) >> 4) & 0x0f;
154 
155 	return data;
156 }
157 
158 static bool charlcd_4bit_read_bf(struct charlcd *lcd)
159 {
160 	if (lcd->irq >= 0) {
161 		/*
162 		 * If we'll use IRQs to wait for the busyflag, clear any
163 		 * pending flag and enable IRQ
164 		 */
165 		writel(CHAR_RAW_CLEAR, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_RAW);
166 		init_completion(&lcd->complete);
167 		writel(0x01, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_MASK);
168 	}
169 	readl(lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
170 	return charlcd_4bit_read_char(lcd) & HD_BUSY_FLAG ? true : false;
171 }
172 
173 static void charlcd_4bit_wait_busy(struct charlcd *lcd)
174 {
175 	int retries = 50;
176 
177 	udelay(100);
178 	while (charlcd_4bit_read_bf(lcd) && retries)
179 		retries--;
180 	if (!retries)
181 		dev_err(lcd->dev, "timeout waiting for busyflag\n");
182 }
183 
184 static void charlcd_4bit_command(struct charlcd *lcd, u8 cmd)
185 {
186 	u32 cmdlo = (cmd << 4) & 0xf0;
187 	u32 cmdhi = (cmd & 0xf0);
188 
189 	writel(cmdhi, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
190 	udelay(10);
191 	writel(cmdlo, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
192 	charlcd_4bit_wait_busy(lcd);
193 }
194 
195 static void charlcd_4bit_char(struct charlcd *lcd, u8 ch)
196 {
197 	u32 chlo = (ch << 4) & 0xf0;
198 	u32 chhi = (ch & 0xf0);
199 
200 	writel(chhi, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_DAT);
201 	udelay(10);
202 	writel(chlo, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_DAT);
203 	charlcd_4bit_wait_busy(lcd);
204 }
205 
206 static void charlcd_4bit_print(struct charlcd *lcd, int line, const char *str)
207 {
208 	u8 offset;
209 	int i;
210 
211 	/*
212 	 * We support line 0, 1
213 	 * Line 1 runs from 0x00..0x27
214 	 * Line 2 runs from 0x28..0x4f
215 	 */
216 	if (line == 0)
217 		offset = 0;
218 	else if (line == 1)
219 		offset = 0x28;
220 	else
221 		return;
222 
223 	/* Set offset */
224 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_SET_DDRAM | offset);
225 
226 	/* Send string */
227 	for (i = 0; i < strlen(str) && i < 0x28; i++)
228 		charlcd_4bit_char(lcd, str[i]);
229 }
230 
231 static void charlcd_4bit_init(struct charlcd *lcd)
232 {
233 	/* These commands cannot be checked with the busy flag */
234 	writel(HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_8BIT, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
235 	msleep(5);
236 	writel(HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_8BIT, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
237 	udelay(100);
238 	writel(HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_8BIT, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
239 	udelay(100);
240 	/* Go to 4bit mode */
241 	writel(HD_FUNCSET, lcd->virtbase + CHAR_COM);
242 	udelay(100);
243 	/*
244 	 * 4bit mode, 2 lines, 5x8 font, after this the number of lines
245 	 * and the font cannot be changed until the next initialization sequence
246 	 */
247 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_FUNCSET | HD_FUNCSET_2_LINES);
248 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_DISPCTRL | HD_DISPCTRL_ON);
249 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_ENTRYMODE | HD_ENTRYMODE_INCREMENT);
250 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_CLEAR);
251 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_HOME);
252 	/* Put something useful in the display */
253 	charlcd_4bit_print(lcd, 0, "ARM Linux");
254 	charlcd_4bit_print(lcd, 1, UTS_RELEASE);
255 }
256 
257 static void charlcd_init_work(struct work_struct *work)
258 {
259 	struct charlcd *lcd =
260 		container_of(work, struct charlcd, init_work.work);
261 
262 	charlcd_4bit_init(lcd);
263 }
264 
265 static int __init charlcd_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
266 {
267 	int ret;
268 	struct charlcd *lcd;
269 	struct resource *res;
270 
271 	lcd = kzalloc(sizeof(struct charlcd), GFP_KERNEL);
272 	if (!lcd)
273 		return -ENOMEM;
274 
275 	lcd->dev = &pdev->dev;
276 
277 	res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
278 	if (!res) {
279 		ret = -ENOENT;
280 		goto out_no_resource;
281 	}
282 	lcd->phybase = res->start;
283 	lcd->physize = resource_size(res);
284 
285 	if (request_mem_region(lcd->phybase, lcd->physize,
286 			       DRIVERNAME) == NULL) {
287 		ret = -EBUSY;
288 		goto out_no_memregion;
289 	}
290 
291 	lcd->virtbase = ioremap(lcd->phybase, lcd->physize);
292 	if (!lcd->virtbase) {
293 		ret = -ENOMEM;
294 		goto out_no_memregion;
295 	}
296 
297 	lcd->irq = platform_get_irq(pdev, 0);
298 	/* If no IRQ is supplied, we'll survive without it */
299 	if (lcd->irq >= 0) {
300 		if (request_irq(lcd->irq, charlcd_interrupt, 0,
301 				DRIVERNAME, lcd)) {
302 			ret = -EIO;
303 			goto out_no_irq;
304 		}
305 	}
306 
307 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, lcd);
308 
309 	/*
310 	 * Initialize the display in a delayed work, because
311 	 * it is VERY slow and would slow down the boot of the system.
312 	 */
313 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&lcd->init_work, charlcd_init_work);
314 	schedule_delayed_work(&lcd->init_work, 0);
315 
316 	dev_info(&pdev->dev, "initialized ARM character LCD at %08x\n",
317 		lcd->phybase);
318 
319 	return 0;
320 
321 out_no_irq:
322 	iounmap(lcd->virtbase);
323 out_no_memregion:
324 	release_mem_region(lcd->phybase, SZ_4K);
325 out_no_resource:
326 	kfree(lcd);
327 	return ret;
328 }
329 
330 static int charlcd_suspend(struct device *dev)
331 {
332 	struct platform_device *pdev = to_platform_device(dev);
333 	struct charlcd *lcd = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
334 
335 	/* Power the display off */
336 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_DISPCTRL);
337 	return 0;
338 }
339 
340 static int charlcd_resume(struct device *dev)
341 {
342 	struct platform_device *pdev = to_platform_device(dev);
343 	struct charlcd *lcd = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
344 
345 	/* Turn the display back on */
346 	charlcd_4bit_command(lcd, HD_DISPCTRL | HD_DISPCTRL_ON);
347 	return 0;
348 }
349 
350 static const struct dev_pm_ops charlcd_pm_ops = {
351 	.suspend = charlcd_suspend,
352 	.resume = charlcd_resume,
353 };
354 
355 static const struct of_device_id charlcd_match[] = {
356 	{ .compatible = "arm,versatile-lcd", },
357 	{}
358 };
359 
360 static struct platform_driver charlcd_driver = {
361 	.driver = {
362 		.name = DRIVERNAME,
363 		.pm = &charlcd_pm_ops,
364 		.suppress_bind_attrs = true,
365 		.of_match_table = of_match_ptr(charlcd_match),
366 	},
367 };
368 builtin_platform_driver_probe(charlcd_driver, charlcd_probe);
369