xref: /openbmc/linux/block/partitions/msdos.c (revision feac8c8b)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *  fs/partitions/msdos.c
4  *
5  *  Code extracted from drivers/block/genhd.c
6  *  Copyright (C) 1991-1998  Linus Torvalds
7  *
8  *  Thanks to Branko Lankester, lankeste@fwi.uva.nl, who found a bug
9  *  in the early extended-partition checks and added DM partitions
10  *
11  *  Support for DiskManager v6.0x added by Mark Lord,
12  *  with information provided by OnTrack.  This now works for linux fdisk
13  *  and LILO, as well as loadlin and bootln.  Note that disks other than
14  *  /dev/hda *must* have a "DOS" type 0x51 partition in the first slot (hda1).
15  *
16  *  More flexible handling of extended partitions - aeb, 950831
17  *
18  *  Check partition table on IDE disks for common CHS translations
19  *
20  *  Re-organised Feb 1998 Russell King
21  */
22 #include <linux/msdos_fs.h>
23 
24 #include "check.h"
25 #include "msdos.h"
26 #include "efi.h"
27 #include "aix.h"
28 
29 /*
30  * Many architectures don't like unaligned accesses, while
31  * the nr_sects and start_sect partition table entries are
32  * at a 2 (mod 4) address.
33  */
34 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
35 
36 #define SYS_IND(p)	get_unaligned(&p->sys_ind)
37 
38 static inline sector_t nr_sects(struct partition *p)
39 {
40 	return (sector_t)get_unaligned_le32(&p->nr_sects);
41 }
42 
43 static inline sector_t start_sect(struct partition *p)
44 {
45 	return (sector_t)get_unaligned_le32(&p->start_sect);
46 }
47 
48 static inline int is_extended_partition(struct partition *p)
49 {
50 	return (SYS_IND(p) == DOS_EXTENDED_PARTITION ||
51 		SYS_IND(p) == WIN98_EXTENDED_PARTITION ||
52 		SYS_IND(p) == LINUX_EXTENDED_PARTITION);
53 }
54 
55 #define MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC1	0x55
56 #define MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC2	0xAA
57 
58 static inline int
59 msdos_magic_present(unsigned char *p)
60 {
61 	return (p[0] == MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC1 && p[1] == MSDOS_LABEL_MAGIC2);
62 }
63 
64 /* Value is EBCDIC 'IBMA' */
65 #define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC1	0xC9
66 #define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC2	0xC2
67 #define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC3	0xD4
68 #define AIX_LABEL_MAGIC4	0xC1
69 static int aix_magic_present(struct parsed_partitions *state, unsigned char *p)
70 {
71 	struct partition *pt = (struct partition *) (p + 0x1be);
72 	Sector sect;
73 	unsigned char *d;
74 	int slot, ret = 0;
75 
76 	if (!(p[0] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC1 &&
77 		p[1] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC2 &&
78 		p[2] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC3 &&
79 		p[3] == AIX_LABEL_MAGIC4))
80 		return 0;
81 	/* Assume the partition table is valid if Linux partitions exists */
82 	for (slot = 1; slot <= 4; slot++, pt++) {
83 		if (pt->sys_ind == LINUX_SWAP_PARTITION ||
84 			pt->sys_ind == LINUX_RAID_PARTITION ||
85 			pt->sys_ind == LINUX_DATA_PARTITION ||
86 			pt->sys_ind == LINUX_LVM_PARTITION ||
87 			is_extended_partition(pt))
88 			return 0;
89 	}
90 	d = read_part_sector(state, 7, &sect);
91 	if (d) {
92 		if (d[0] == '_' && d[1] == 'L' && d[2] == 'V' && d[3] == 'M')
93 			ret = 1;
94 		put_dev_sector(sect);
95 	}
96 	return ret;
97 }
98 
99 static void set_info(struct parsed_partitions *state, int slot,
100 		     u32 disksig)
101 {
102 	struct partition_meta_info *info = &state->parts[slot].info;
103 
104 	snprintf(info->uuid, sizeof(info->uuid), "%08x-%02x", disksig,
105 		 slot);
106 	info->volname[0] = 0;
107 	state->parts[slot].has_info = true;
108 }
109 
110 /*
111  * Create devices for each logical partition in an extended partition.
112  * The logical partitions form a linked list, with each entry being
113  * a partition table with two entries.  The first entry
114  * is the real data partition (with a start relative to the partition
115  * table start).  The second is a pointer to the next logical partition
116  * (with a start relative to the entire extended partition).
117  * We do not create a Linux partition for the partition tables, but
118  * only for the actual data partitions.
119  */
120 
121 static void parse_extended(struct parsed_partitions *state,
122 			   sector_t first_sector, sector_t first_size,
123 			   u32 disksig)
124 {
125 	struct partition *p;
126 	Sector sect;
127 	unsigned char *data;
128 	sector_t this_sector, this_size;
129 	sector_t sector_size = bdev_logical_block_size(state->bdev) / 512;
130 	int loopct = 0;		/* number of links followed
131 				   without finding a data partition */
132 	int i;
133 
134 	this_sector = first_sector;
135 	this_size = first_size;
136 
137 	while (1) {
138 		if (++loopct > 100)
139 			return;
140 		if (state->next == state->limit)
141 			return;
142 		data = read_part_sector(state, this_sector, &sect);
143 		if (!data)
144 			return;
145 
146 		if (!msdos_magic_present(data + 510))
147 			goto done;
148 
149 		p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);
150 
151 		/*
152 		 * Usually, the first entry is the real data partition,
153 		 * the 2nd entry is the next extended partition, or empty,
154 		 * and the 3rd and 4th entries are unused.
155 		 * However, DRDOS sometimes has the extended partition as
156 		 * the first entry (when the data partition is empty),
157 		 * and OS/2 seems to use all four entries.
158 		 */
159 
160 		/*
161 		 * First process the data partition(s)
162 		 */
163 		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++, p++) {
164 			sector_t offs, size, next;
165 
166 			if (!nr_sects(p) || is_extended_partition(p))
167 				continue;
168 
169 			/* Check the 3rd and 4th entries -
170 			   these sometimes contain random garbage */
171 			offs = start_sect(p)*sector_size;
172 			size = nr_sects(p)*sector_size;
173 			next = this_sector + offs;
174 			if (i >= 2) {
175 				if (offs + size > this_size)
176 					continue;
177 				if (next < first_sector)
178 					continue;
179 				if (next + size > first_sector + first_size)
180 					continue;
181 			}
182 
183 			put_partition(state, state->next, next, size);
184 			set_info(state, state->next, disksig);
185 			if (SYS_IND(p) == LINUX_RAID_PARTITION)
186 				state->parts[state->next].flags = ADDPART_FLAG_RAID;
187 			loopct = 0;
188 			if (++state->next == state->limit)
189 				goto done;
190 		}
191 		/*
192 		 * Next, process the (first) extended partition, if present.
193 		 * (So far, there seems to be no reason to make
194 		 *  parse_extended()  recursive and allow a tree
195 		 *  of extended partitions.)
196 		 * It should be a link to the next logical partition.
197 		 */
198 		p -= 4;
199 		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++, p++)
200 			if (nr_sects(p) && is_extended_partition(p))
201 				break;
202 		if (i == 4)
203 			goto done;	 /* nothing left to do */
204 
205 		this_sector = first_sector + start_sect(p) * sector_size;
206 		this_size = nr_sects(p) * sector_size;
207 		put_dev_sector(sect);
208 	}
209 done:
210 	put_dev_sector(sect);
211 }
212 
213 /* james@bpgc.com: Solaris has a nasty indicator: 0x82 which also
214    indicates linux swap.  Be careful before believing this is Solaris. */
215 
216 static void parse_solaris_x86(struct parsed_partitions *state,
217 			      sector_t offset, sector_t size, int origin)
218 {
219 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARIS_X86_PARTITION
220 	Sector sect;
221 	struct solaris_x86_vtoc *v;
222 	int i;
223 	short max_nparts;
224 
225 	v = read_part_sector(state, offset + 1, &sect);
226 	if (!v)
227 		return;
228 	if (le32_to_cpu(v->v_sanity) != SOLARIS_X86_VTOC_SANE) {
229 		put_dev_sector(sect);
230 		return;
231 	}
232 	{
233 		char tmp[1 + BDEVNAME_SIZE + 10 + 11 + 1];
234 
235 		snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), " %s%d: <solaris:", state->name, origin);
236 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
237 	}
238 	if (le32_to_cpu(v->v_version) != 1) {
239 		char tmp[64];
240 
241 		snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "  cannot handle version %d vtoc>\n",
242 			 le32_to_cpu(v->v_version));
243 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
244 		put_dev_sector(sect);
245 		return;
246 	}
247 	/* Ensure we can handle previous case of VTOC with 8 entries gracefully */
248 	max_nparts = le16_to_cpu(v->v_nparts) > 8 ? SOLARIS_X86_NUMSLICE : 8;
249 	for (i = 0; i < max_nparts && state->next < state->limit; i++) {
250 		struct solaris_x86_slice *s = &v->v_slice[i];
251 		char tmp[3 + 10 + 1 + 1];
252 
253 		if (s->s_size == 0)
254 			continue;
255 		snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), " [s%d]", i);
256 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
257 		/* solaris partitions are relative to current MS-DOS
258 		 * one; must add the offset of the current partition */
259 		put_partition(state, state->next++,
260 				 le32_to_cpu(s->s_start)+offset,
261 				 le32_to_cpu(s->s_size));
262 	}
263 	put_dev_sector(sect);
264 	strlcat(state->pp_buf, " >\n", PAGE_SIZE);
265 #endif
266 }
267 
268 #if defined(CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL)
269 /*
270  * Create devices for BSD partitions listed in a disklabel, under a
271  * dos-like partition. See parse_extended() for more information.
272  */
273 static void parse_bsd(struct parsed_partitions *state,
274 		      sector_t offset, sector_t size, int origin, char *flavour,
275 		      int max_partitions)
276 {
277 	Sector sect;
278 	struct bsd_disklabel *l;
279 	struct bsd_partition *p;
280 	char tmp[64];
281 
282 	l = read_part_sector(state, offset + 1, &sect);
283 	if (!l)
284 		return;
285 	if (le32_to_cpu(l->d_magic) != BSD_DISKMAGIC) {
286 		put_dev_sector(sect);
287 		return;
288 	}
289 
290 	snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), " %s%d: <%s:", state->name, origin, flavour);
291 	strlcat(state->pp_buf, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
292 
293 	if (le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions) < max_partitions)
294 		max_partitions = le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions);
295 	for (p = l->d_partitions; p - l->d_partitions < max_partitions; p++) {
296 		sector_t bsd_start, bsd_size;
297 
298 		if (state->next == state->limit)
299 			break;
300 		if (p->p_fstype == BSD_FS_UNUSED)
301 			continue;
302 		bsd_start = le32_to_cpu(p->p_offset);
303 		bsd_size = le32_to_cpu(p->p_size);
304 		/* FreeBSD has relative offset if C partition offset is zero */
305 		if (memcmp(flavour, "bsd\0", 4) == 0 &&
306 		    le32_to_cpu(l->d_partitions[2].p_offset) == 0)
307 			bsd_start += offset;
308 		if (offset == bsd_start && size == bsd_size)
309 			/* full parent partition, we have it already */
310 			continue;
311 		if (offset > bsd_start || offset+size < bsd_start+bsd_size) {
312 			strlcat(state->pp_buf, "bad subpartition - ignored\n", PAGE_SIZE);
313 			continue;
314 		}
315 		put_partition(state, state->next++, bsd_start, bsd_size);
316 	}
317 	put_dev_sector(sect);
318 	if (le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions) > max_partitions) {
319 		snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), " (ignored %d more)",
320 			 le16_to_cpu(l->d_npartitions) - max_partitions);
321 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
322 	}
323 	strlcat(state->pp_buf, " >\n", PAGE_SIZE);
324 }
325 #endif
326 
327 static void parse_freebsd(struct parsed_partitions *state,
328 			  sector_t offset, sector_t size, int origin)
329 {
330 #ifdef CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL
331 	parse_bsd(state, offset, size, origin, "bsd", BSD_MAXPARTITIONS);
332 #endif
333 }
334 
335 static void parse_netbsd(struct parsed_partitions *state,
336 			 sector_t offset, sector_t size, int origin)
337 {
338 #ifdef CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL
339 	parse_bsd(state, offset, size, origin, "netbsd", BSD_MAXPARTITIONS);
340 #endif
341 }
342 
343 static void parse_openbsd(struct parsed_partitions *state,
344 			  sector_t offset, sector_t size, int origin)
345 {
346 #ifdef CONFIG_BSD_DISKLABEL
347 	parse_bsd(state, offset, size, origin, "openbsd",
348 		  OPENBSD_MAXPARTITIONS);
349 #endif
350 }
351 
352 /*
353  * Create devices for Unixware partitions listed in a disklabel, under a
354  * dos-like partition. See parse_extended() for more information.
355  */
356 static void parse_unixware(struct parsed_partitions *state,
357 			   sector_t offset, sector_t size, int origin)
358 {
359 #ifdef CONFIG_UNIXWARE_DISKLABEL
360 	Sector sect;
361 	struct unixware_disklabel *l;
362 	struct unixware_slice *p;
363 
364 	l = read_part_sector(state, offset + 29, &sect);
365 	if (!l)
366 		return;
367 	if (le32_to_cpu(l->d_magic) != UNIXWARE_DISKMAGIC ||
368 	    le32_to_cpu(l->vtoc.v_magic) != UNIXWARE_DISKMAGIC2) {
369 		put_dev_sector(sect);
370 		return;
371 	}
372 	{
373 		char tmp[1 + BDEVNAME_SIZE + 10 + 12 + 1];
374 
375 		snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), " %s%d: <unixware:", state->name, origin);
376 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
377 	}
378 	p = &l->vtoc.v_slice[1];
379 	/* I omit the 0th slice as it is the same as whole disk. */
380 	while (p - &l->vtoc.v_slice[0] < UNIXWARE_NUMSLICE) {
381 		if (state->next == state->limit)
382 			break;
383 
384 		if (p->s_label != UNIXWARE_FS_UNUSED)
385 			put_partition(state, state->next++,
386 				      le32_to_cpu(p->start_sect),
387 				      le32_to_cpu(p->nr_sects));
388 		p++;
389 	}
390 	put_dev_sector(sect);
391 	strlcat(state->pp_buf, " >\n", PAGE_SIZE);
392 #endif
393 }
394 
395 /*
396  * Minix 2.0.0/2.0.2 subpartition support.
397  * Anand Krishnamurthy <anandk@wiproge.med.ge.com>
398  * Rajeev V. Pillai    <rajeevvp@yahoo.com>
399  */
400 static void parse_minix(struct parsed_partitions *state,
401 			sector_t offset, sector_t size, int origin)
402 {
403 #ifdef CONFIG_MINIX_SUBPARTITION
404 	Sector sect;
405 	unsigned char *data;
406 	struct partition *p;
407 	int i;
408 
409 	data = read_part_sector(state, offset, &sect);
410 	if (!data)
411 		return;
412 
413 	p = (struct partition *)(data + 0x1be);
414 
415 	/* The first sector of a Minix partition can have either
416 	 * a secondary MBR describing its subpartitions, or
417 	 * the normal boot sector. */
418 	if (msdos_magic_present(data + 510) &&
419 	    SYS_IND(p) == MINIX_PARTITION) { /* subpartition table present */
420 		char tmp[1 + BDEVNAME_SIZE + 10 + 9 + 1];
421 
422 		snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), " %s%d: <minix:", state->name, origin);
423 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
424 		for (i = 0; i < MINIX_NR_SUBPARTITIONS; i++, p++) {
425 			if (state->next == state->limit)
426 				break;
427 			/* add each partition in use */
428 			if (SYS_IND(p) == MINIX_PARTITION)
429 				put_partition(state, state->next++,
430 					      start_sect(p), nr_sects(p));
431 		}
432 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, " >\n", PAGE_SIZE);
433 	}
434 	put_dev_sector(sect);
435 #endif /* CONFIG_MINIX_SUBPARTITION */
436 }
437 
438 static struct {
439 	unsigned char id;
440 	void (*parse)(struct parsed_partitions *, sector_t, sector_t, int);
441 } subtypes[] = {
442 	{FREEBSD_PARTITION, parse_freebsd},
443 	{NETBSD_PARTITION, parse_netbsd},
444 	{OPENBSD_PARTITION, parse_openbsd},
445 	{MINIX_PARTITION, parse_minix},
446 	{UNIXWARE_PARTITION, parse_unixware},
447 	{SOLARIS_X86_PARTITION, parse_solaris_x86},
448 	{NEW_SOLARIS_X86_PARTITION, parse_solaris_x86},
449 	{0, NULL},
450 };
451 
452 int msdos_partition(struct parsed_partitions *state)
453 {
454 	sector_t sector_size = bdev_logical_block_size(state->bdev) / 512;
455 	Sector sect;
456 	unsigned char *data;
457 	struct partition *p;
458 	struct fat_boot_sector *fb;
459 	int slot;
460 	u32 disksig;
461 
462 	data = read_part_sector(state, 0, &sect);
463 	if (!data)
464 		return -1;
465 
466 	/*
467 	 * Note order! (some AIX disks, e.g. unbootable kind,
468 	 * have no MSDOS 55aa)
469 	 */
470 	if (aix_magic_present(state, data)) {
471 		put_dev_sector(sect);
472 #ifdef CONFIG_AIX_PARTITION
473 		return aix_partition(state);
474 #else
475 		strlcat(state->pp_buf, " [AIX]", PAGE_SIZE);
476 		return 0;
477 #endif
478 	}
479 
480 	if (!msdos_magic_present(data + 510)) {
481 		put_dev_sector(sect);
482 		return 0;
483 	}
484 
485 	/*
486 	 * Now that the 55aa signature is present, this is probably
487 	 * either the boot sector of a FAT filesystem or a DOS-type
488 	 * partition table. Reject this in case the boot indicator
489 	 * is not 0 or 0x80.
490 	 */
491 	p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);
492 	for (slot = 1; slot <= 4; slot++, p++) {
493 		if (p->boot_ind != 0 && p->boot_ind != 0x80) {
494 			/*
495 			 * Even without a valid boot inidicator value
496 			 * its still possible this is valid FAT filesystem
497 			 * without a partition table.
498 			 */
499 			fb = (struct fat_boot_sector *) data;
500 			if (slot == 1 && fb->reserved && fb->fats
501 				&& fat_valid_media(fb->media)) {
502 				strlcat(state->pp_buf, "\n", PAGE_SIZE);
503 				put_dev_sector(sect);
504 				return 1;
505 			} else {
506 				put_dev_sector(sect);
507 				return 0;
508 			}
509 		}
510 	}
511 
512 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION
513 	p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);
514 	for (slot = 1 ; slot <= 4 ; slot++, p++) {
515 		/* If this is an EFI GPT disk, msdos should ignore it. */
516 		if (SYS_IND(p) == EFI_PMBR_OSTYPE_EFI_GPT) {
517 			put_dev_sector(sect);
518 			return 0;
519 		}
520 	}
521 #endif
522 	p = (struct partition *) (data + 0x1be);
523 
524 	disksig = le32_to_cpup((__le32 *)(data + 0x1b8));
525 
526 	/*
527 	 * Look for partitions in two passes:
528 	 * First find the primary and DOS-type extended partitions.
529 	 * On the second pass look inside *BSD, Unixware and Solaris partitions.
530 	 */
531 
532 	state->next = 5;
533 	for (slot = 1 ; slot <= 4 ; slot++, p++) {
534 		sector_t start = start_sect(p)*sector_size;
535 		sector_t size = nr_sects(p)*sector_size;
536 
537 		if (!size)
538 			continue;
539 		if (is_extended_partition(p)) {
540 			/*
541 			 * prevent someone doing mkfs or mkswap on an
542 			 * extended partition, but leave room for LILO
543 			 * FIXME: this uses one logical sector for > 512b
544 			 * sector, although it may not be enough/proper.
545 			 */
546 			sector_t n = 2;
547 
548 			n = min(size, max(sector_size, n));
549 			put_partition(state, slot, start, n);
550 
551 			strlcat(state->pp_buf, " <", PAGE_SIZE);
552 			parse_extended(state, start, size, disksig);
553 			strlcat(state->pp_buf, " >", PAGE_SIZE);
554 			continue;
555 		}
556 		put_partition(state, slot, start, size);
557 		set_info(state, slot, disksig);
558 		if (SYS_IND(p) == LINUX_RAID_PARTITION)
559 			state->parts[slot].flags = ADDPART_FLAG_RAID;
560 		if (SYS_IND(p) == DM6_PARTITION)
561 			strlcat(state->pp_buf, "[DM]", PAGE_SIZE);
562 		if (SYS_IND(p) == EZD_PARTITION)
563 			strlcat(state->pp_buf, "[EZD]", PAGE_SIZE);
564 	}
565 
566 	strlcat(state->pp_buf, "\n", PAGE_SIZE);
567 
568 	/* second pass - output for each on a separate line */
569 	p = (struct partition *) (0x1be + data);
570 	for (slot = 1 ; slot <= 4 ; slot++, p++) {
571 		unsigned char id = SYS_IND(p);
572 		int n;
573 
574 		if (!nr_sects(p))
575 			continue;
576 
577 		for (n = 0; subtypes[n].parse && id != subtypes[n].id; n++)
578 			;
579 
580 		if (!subtypes[n].parse)
581 			continue;
582 		subtypes[n].parse(state, start_sect(p) * sector_size,
583 				  nr_sects(p) * sector_size, slot);
584 	}
585 	put_dev_sector(sect);
586 	return 1;
587 }
588