xref: /openbmc/linux/block/blk-merge.c (revision af2c68fe)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Functions related to segment and merge handling
4  */
5 #include <linux/kernel.h>
6 #include <linux/module.h>
7 #include <linux/bio.h>
8 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
9 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
10 
11 #include <trace/events/block.h>
12 
13 #include "blk.h"
14 
15 static inline bool bio_will_gap(struct request_queue *q,
16 		struct request *prev_rq, struct bio *prev, struct bio *next)
17 {
18 	struct bio_vec pb, nb;
19 
20 	if (!bio_has_data(prev) || !queue_virt_boundary(q))
21 		return false;
22 
23 	/*
24 	 * Don't merge if the 1st bio starts with non-zero offset, otherwise it
25 	 * is quite difficult to respect the sg gap limit.  We work hard to
26 	 * merge a huge number of small single bios in case of mkfs.
27 	 */
28 	if (prev_rq)
29 		bio_get_first_bvec(prev_rq->bio, &pb);
30 	else
31 		bio_get_first_bvec(prev, &pb);
32 	if (pb.bv_offset & queue_virt_boundary(q))
33 		return true;
34 
35 	/*
36 	 * We don't need to worry about the situation that the merged segment
37 	 * ends in unaligned virt boundary:
38 	 *
39 	 * - if 'pb' ends aligned, the merged segment ends aligned
40 	 * - if 'pb' ends unaligned, the next bio must include
41 	 *   one single bvec of 'nb', otherwise the 'nb' can't
42 	 *   merge with 'pb'
43 	 */
44 	bio_get_last_bvec(prev, &pb);
45 	bio_get_first_bvec(next, &nb);
46 	if (biovec_phys_mergeable(q, &pb, &nb))
47 		return false;
48 	return __bvec_gap_to_prev(q, &pb, nb.bv_offset);
49 }
50 
51 static inline bool req_gap_back_merge(struct request *req, struct bio *bio)
52 {
53 	return bio_will_gap(req->q, req, req->biotail, bio);
54 }
55 
56 static inline bool req_gap_front_merge(struct request *req, struct bio *bio)
57 {
58 	return bio_will_gap(req->q, NULL, bio, req->bio);
59 }
60 
61 static struct bio *blk_bio_discard_split(struct request_queue *q,
62 					 struct bio *bio,
63 					 struct bio_set *bs,
64 					 unsigned *nsegs)
65 {
66 	unsigned int max_discard_sectors, granularity;
67 	int alignment;
68 	sector_t tmp;
69 	unsigned split_sectors;
70 
71 	*nsegs = 1;
72 
73 	/* Zero-sector (unknown) and one-sector granularities are the same.  */
74 	granularity = max(q->limits.discard_granularity >> 9, 1U);
75 
76 	max_discard_sectors = min(q->limits.max_discard_sectors,
77 			bio_allowed_max_sectors(q));
78 	max_discard_sectors -= max_discard_sectors % granularity;
79 
80 	if (unlikely(!max_discard_sectors)) {
81 		/* XXX: warn */
82 		return NULL;
83 	}
84 
85 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= max_discard_sectors)
86 		return NULL;
87 
88 	split_sectors = max_discard_sectors;
89 
90 	/*
91 	 * If the next starting sector would be misaligned, stop the discard at
92 	 * the previous aligned sector.
93 	 */
94 	alignment = (q->limits.discard_alignment >> 9) % granularity;
95 
96 	tmp = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector + split_sectors - alignment;
97 	tmp = sector_div(tmp, granularity);
98 
99 	if (split_sectors > tmp)
100 		split_sectors -= tmp;
101 
102 	return bio_split(bio, split_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
103 }
104 
105 static struct bio *blk_bio_write_zeroes_split(struct request_queue *q,
106 		struct bio *bio, struct bio_set *bs, unsigned *nsegs)
107 {
108 	*nsegs = 0;
109 
110 	if (!q->limits.max_write_zeroes_sectors)
111 		return NULL;
112 
113 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= q->limits.max_write_zeroes_sectors)
114 		return NULL;
115 
116 	return bio_split(bio, q->limits.max_write_zeroes_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
117 }
118 
119 static struct bio *blk_bio_write_same_split(struct request_queue *q,
120 					    struct bio *bio,
121 					    struct bio_set *bs,
122 					    unsigned *nsegs)
123 {
124 	*nsegs = 1;
125 
126 	if (!q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
127 		return NULL;
128 
129 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
130 		return NULL;
131 
132 	return bio_split(bio, q->limits.max_write_same_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
133 }
134 
135 static inline unsigned get_max_io_size(struct request_queue *q,
136 				       struct bio *bio)
137 {
138 	unsigned sectors = blk_max_size_offset(q, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);
139 	unsigned mask = queue_logical_block_size(q) - 1;
140 
141 	/* aligned to logical block size */
142 	sectors &= ~(mask >> 9);
143 
144 	return sectors;
145 }
146 
147 static unsigned get_max_segment_size(const struct request_queue *q,
148 				     unsigned offset)
149 {
150 	unsigned long mask = queue_segment_boundary(q);
151 
152 	/* default segment boundary mask means no boundary limit */
153 	if (mask == BLK_SEG_BOUNDARY_MASK)
154 		return queue_max_segment_size(q);
155 
156 	return min_t(unsigned long, mask - (mask & offset) + 1,
157 		     queue_max_segment_size(q));
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Split the bvec @bv into segments, and update all kinds of
162  * variables.
163  */
164 static bool bvec_split_segs(const struct request_queue *q,
165 			    const struct bio_vec *bv, unsigned *nsegs,
166 			    unsigned *sectors, unsigned max_segs)
167 {
168 	unsigned len = bv->bv_len;
169 	unsigned total_len = 0;
170 	unsigned new_nsegs = 0, seg_size = 0;
171 
172 	/*
173 	 * Multi-page bvec may be too big to hold in one segment, so the
174 	 * current bvec has to be splitted as multiple segments.
175 	 */
176 	while (len && new_nsegs + *nsegs < max_segs) {
177 		seg_size = get_max_segment_size(q, bv->bv_offset + total_len);
178 		seg_size = min(seg_size, len);
179 
180 		new_nsegs++;
181 		total_len += seg_size;
182 		len -= seg_size;
183 
184 		if ((bv->bv_offset + total_len) & queue_virt_boundary(q))
185 			break;
186 	}
187 
188 	if (new_nsegs) {
189 		*nsegs += new_nsegs;
190 		if (sectors)
191 			*sectors += total_len >> 9;
192 	}
193 
194 	/* split in the middle of the bvec if len != 0 */
195 	return !!len;
196 }
197 
198 static struct bio *blk_bio_segment_split(struct request_queue *q,
199 					 struct bio *bio,
200 					 struct bio_set *bs,
201 					 unsigned *segs)
202 {
203 	struct bio_vec bv, bvprv, *bvprvp = NULL;
204 	struct bvec_iter iter;
205 	unsigned nsegs = 0, sectors = 0;
206 	const unsigned max_sectors = get_max_io_size(q, bio);
207 	const unsigned max_segs = queue_max_segments(q);
208 
209 	bio_for_each_bvec(bv, bio, iter) {
210 		/*
211 		 * If the queue doesn't support SG gaps and adding this
212 		 * offset would create a gap, disallow it.
213 		 */
214 		if (bvprvp && bvec_gap_to_prev(q, bvprvp, bv.bv_offset))
215 			goto split;
216 
217 		if (sectors + (bv.bv_len >> 9) > max_sectors) {
218 			/*
219 			 * Consider this a new segment if we're splitting in
220 			 * the middle of this vector.
221 			 */
222 			if (nsegs < max_segs &&
223 			    sectors < max_sectors) {
224 				/* split in the middle of bvec */
225 				bv.bv_len = (max_sectors - sectors) << 9;
226 				bvec_split_segs(q, &bv, &nsegs,
227 						&sectors, max_segs);
228 			}
229 			goto split;
230 		}
231 
232 		if (nsegs == max_segs)
233 			goto split;
234 
235 		bvprv = bv;
236 		bvprvp = &bvprv;
237 
238 		if (bv.bv_offset + bv.bv_len <= PAGE_SIZE) {
239 			nsegs++;
240 			sectors += bv.bv_len >> 9;
241 		} else if (bvec_split_segs(q, &bv, &nsegs, &sectors,
242 				max_segs)) {
243 			goto split;
244 		}
245 	}
246 
247 	*segs = nsegs;
248 	return NULL;
249 split:
250 	*segs = nsegs;
251 	return bio_split(bio, sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
252 }
253 
254 void __blk_queue_split(struct request_queue *q, struct bio **bio,
255 		unsigned int *nr_segs)
256 {
257 	struct bio *split;
258 
259 	switch (bio_op(*bio)) {
260 	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
261 	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
262 		split = blk_bio_discard_split(q, *bio, &q->bio_split, nr_segs);
263 		break;
264 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
265 		split = blk_bio_write_zeroes_split(q, *bio, &q->bio_split,
266 				nr_segs);
267 		break;
268 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
269 		split = blk_bio_write_same_split(q, *bio, &q->bio_split,
270 				nr_segs);
271 		break;
272 	default:
273 		split = blk_bio_segment_split(q, *bio, &q->bio_split, nr_segs);
274 		break;
275 	}
276 
277 	if (split) {
278 		/* there isn't chance to merge the splitted bio */
279 		split->bi_opf |= REQ_NOMERGE;
280 
281 		/*
282 		 * Since we're recursing into make_request here, ensure
283 		 * that we mark this bio as already having entered the queue.
284 		 * If not, and the queue is going away, we can get stuck
285 		 * forever on waiting for the queue reference to drop. But
286 		 * that will never happen, as we're already holding a
287 		 * reference to it.
288 		 */
289 		bio_set_flag(*bio, BIO_QUEUE_ENTERED);
290 
291 		bio_chain(split, *bio);
292 		trace_block_split(q, split, (*bio)->bi_iter.bi_sector);
293 		generic_make_request(*bio);
294 		*bio = split;
295 	}
296 }
297 
298 void blk_queue_split(struct request_queue *q, struct bio **bio)
299 {
300 	unsigned int nr_segs;
301 
302 	__blk_queue_split(q, bio, &nr_segs);
303 }
304 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_queue_split);
305 
306 unsigned int blk_recalc_rq_segments(struct request *rq)
307 {
308 	unsigned int nr_phys_segs = 0;
309 	struct req_iterator iter;
310 	struct bio_vec bv;
311 
312 	if (!rq->bio)
313 		return 0;
314 
315 	switch (bio_op(rq->bio)) {
316 	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
317 	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
318 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
319 		return 0;
320 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
321 		return 1;
322 	}
323 
324 	rq_for_each_bvec(bv, rq, iter)
325 		bvec_split_segs(rq->q, &bv, &nr_phys_segs, NULL, UINT_MAX);
326 	return nr_phys_segs;
327 }
328 
329 static inline struct scatterlist *blk_next_sg(struct scatterlist **sg,
330 		struct scatterlist *sglist)
331 {
332 	if (!*sg)
333 		return sglist;
334 
335 	/*
336 	 * If the driver previously mapped a shorter list, we could see a
337 	 * termination bit prematurely unless it fully inits the sg table
338 	 * on each mapping. We KNOW that there must be more entries here
339 	 * or the driver would be buggy, so force clear the termination bit
340 	 * to avoid doing a full sg_init_table() in drivers for each command.
341 	 */
342 	sg_unmark_end(*sg);
343 	return sg_next(*sg);
344 }
345 
346 static unsigned blk_bvec_map_sg(struct request_queue *q,
347 		struct bio_vec *bvec, struct scatterlist *sglist,
348 		struct scatterlist **sg)
349 {
350 	unsigned nbytes = bvec->bv_len;
351 	unsigned nsegs = 0, total = 0;
352 
353 	while (nbytes > 0) {
354 		unsigned offset = bvec->bv_offset + total;
355 		unsigned len = min(get_max_segment_size(q, offset), nbytes);
356 		struct page *page = bvec->bv_page;
357 
358 		/*
359 		 * Unfortunately a fair number of drivers barf on scatterlists
360 		 * that have an offset larger than PAGE_SIZE, despite other
361 		 * subsystems dealing with that invariant just fine.  For now
362 		 * stick to the legacy format where we never present those from
363 		 * the block layer, but the code below should be removed once
364 		 * these offenders (mostly MMC/SD drivers) are fixed.
365 		 */
366 		page += (offset >> PAGE_SHIFT);
367 		offset &= ~PAGE_MASK;
368 
369 		*sg = blk_next_sg(sg, sglist);
370 		sg_set_page(*sg, page, len, offset);
371 
372 		total += len;
373 		nbytes -= len;
374 		nsegs++;
375 	}
376 
377 	return nsegs;
378 }
379 
380 static inline int __blk_bvec_map_sg(struct bio_vec bv,
381 		struct scatterlist *sglist, struct scatterlist **sg)
382 {
383 	*sg = blk_next_sg(sg, sglist);
384 	sg_set_page(*sg, bv.bv_page, bv.bv_len, bv.bv_offset);
385 	return 1;
386 }
387 
388 /* only try to merge bvecs into one sg if they are from two bios */
389 static inline bool
390 __blk_segment_map_sg_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct bio_vec *bvec,
391 			   struct bio_vec *bvprv, struct scatterlist **sg)
392 {
393 
394 	int nbytes = bvec->bv_len;
395 
396 	if (!*sg)
397 		return false;
398 
399 	if ((*sg)->length + nbytes > queue_max_segment_size(q))
400 		return false;
401 
402 	if (!biovec_phys_mergeable(q, bvprv, bvec))
403 		return false;
404 
405 	(*sg)->length += nbytes;
406 
407 	return true;
408 }
409 
410 static int __blk_bios_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
411 			     struct scatterlist *sglist,
412 			     struct scatterlist **sg)
413 {
414 	struct bio_vec uninitialized_var(bvec), bvprv = { NULL };
415 	struct bvec_iter iter;
416 	int nsegs = 0;
417 	bool new_bio = false;
418 
419 	for_each_bio(bio) {
420 		bio_for_each_bvec(bvec, bio, iter) {
421 			/*
422 			 * Only try to merge bvecs from two bios given we
423 			 * have done bio internal merge when adding pages
424 			 * to bio
425 			 */
426 			if (new_bio &&
427 			    __blk_segment_map_sg_merge(q, &bvec, &bvprv, sg))
428 				goto next_bvec;
429 
430 			if (bvec.bv_offset + bvec.bv_len <= PAGE_SIZE)
431 				nsegs += __blk_bvec_map_sg(bvec, sglist, sg);
432 			else
433 				nsegs += blk_bvec_map_sg(q, &bvec, sglist, sg);
434  next_bvec:
435 			new_bio = false;
436 		}
437 		if (likely(bio->bi_iter.bi_size)) {
438 			bvprv = bvec;
439 			new_bio = true;
440 		}
441 	}
442 
443 	return nsegs;
444 }
445 
446 /*
447  * map a request to scatterlist, return number of sg entries setup. Caller
448  * must make sure sg can hold rq->nr_phys_segments entries
449  */
450 int blk_rq_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
451 		  struct scatterlist *sglist)
452 {
453 	struct scatterlist *sg = NULL;
454 	int nsegs = 0;
455 
456 	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_SPECIAL_PAYLOAD)
457 		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(rq->special_vec, sglist, &sg);
458 	else if (rq->bio && bio_op(rq->bio) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME)
459 		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(bio_iovec(rq->bio), sglist, &sg);
460 	else if (rq->bio)
461 		nsegs = __blk_bios_map_sg(q, rq->bio, sglist, &sg);
462 
463 	if (unlikely(rq->rq_flags & RQF_COPY_USER) &&
464 	    (blk_rq_bytes(rq) & q->dma_pad_mask)) {
465 		unsigned int pad_len =
466 			(q->dma_pad_mask & ~blk_rq_bytes(rq)) + 1;
467 
468 		sg->length += pad_len;
469 		rq->extra_len += pad_len;
470 	}
471 
472 	if (q->dma_drain_size && q->dma_drain_needed(rq)) {
473 		if (op_is_write(req_op(rq)))
474 			memset(q->dma_drain_buffer, 0, q->dma_drain_size);
475 
476 		sg_unmark_end(sg);
477 		sg = sg_next(sg);
478 		sg_set_page(sg, virt_to_page(q->dma_drain_buffer),
479 			    q->dma_drain_size,
480 			    ((unsigned long)q->dma_drain_buffer) &
481 			    (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
482 		nsegs++;
483 		rq->extra_len += q->dma_drain_size;
484 	}
485 
486 	if (sg)
487 		sg_mark_end(sg);
488 
489 	/*
490 	 * Something must have been wrong if the figured number of
491 	 * segment is bigger than number of req's physical segments
492 	 */
493 	WARN_ON(nsegs > blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(rq));
494 
495 	return nsegs;
496 }
497 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_rq_map_sg);
498 
499 static inline int ll_new_hw_segment(struct request *req, struct bio *bio,
500 		unsigned int nr_phys_segs)
501 {
502 	if (req->nr_phys_segments + nr_phys_segs > queue_max_segments(req->q))
503 		goto no_merge;
504 
505 	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(req->q, req, bio) == false)
506 		goto no_merge;
507 
508 	/*
509 	 * This will form the start of a new hw segment.  Bump both
510 	 * counters.
511 	 */
512 	req->nr_phys_segments += nr_phys_segs;
513 	return 1;
514 
515 no_merge:
516 	req_set_nomerge(req->q, req);
517 	return 0;
518 }
519 
520 int ll_back_merge_fn(struct request *req, struct bio *bio, unsigned int nr_segs)
521 {
522 	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
523 		return 0;
524 	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
525 	    integrity_req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
526 		return 0;
527 	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
528 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req))) {
529 		req_set_nomerge(req->q, req);
530 		return 0;
531 	}
532 
533 	return ll_new_hw_segment(req, bio, nr_segs);
534 }
535 
536 int ll_front_merge_fn(struct request *req, struct bio *bio, unsigned int nr_segs)
537 {
538 	if (req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
539 		return 0;
540 	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
541 	    integrity_req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
542 		return 0;
543 	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
544 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)) {
545 		req_set_nomerge(req->q, req);
546 		return 0;
547 	}
548 
549 	return ll_new_hw_segment(req, bio, nr_segs);
550 }
551 
552 static bool req_attempt_discard_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
553 		struct request *next)
554 {
555 	unsigned short segments = blk_rq_nr_discard_segments(req);
556 
557 	if (segments >= queue_max_discard_segments(q))
558 		goto no_merge;
559 	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(next->bio) >
560 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req)))
561 		goto no_merge;
562 
563 	req->nr_phys_segments = segments + blk_rq_nr_discard_segments(next);
564 	return true;
565 no_merge:
566 	req_set_nomerge(q, req);
567 	return false;
568 }
569 
570 static int ll_merge_requests_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
571 				struct request *next)
572 {
573 	int total_phys_segments;
574 
575 	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, next->bio))
576 		return 0;
577 
578 	/*
579 	 * Will it become too large?
580 	 */
581 	if ((blk_rq_sectors(req) + blk_rq_sectors(next)) >
582 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req)))
583 		return 0;
584 
585 	total_phys_segments = req->nr_phys_segments + next->nr_phys_segments;
586 	if (total_phys_segments > queue_max_segments(q))
587 		return 0;
588 
589 	if (blk_integrity_merge_rq(q, req, next) == false)
590 		return 0;
591 
592 	/* Merge is OK... */
593 	req->nr_phys_segments = total_phys_segments;
594 	return 1;
595 }
596 
597 /**
598  * blk_rq_set_mixed_merge - mark a request as mixed merge
599  * @rq: request to mark as mixed merge
600  *
601  * Description:
602  *     @rq is about to be mixed merged.  Make sure the attributes
603  *     which can be mixed are set in each bio and mark @rq as mixed
604  *     merged.
605  */
606 void blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(struct request *rq)
607 {
608 	unsigned int ff = rq->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK;
609 	struct bio *bio;
610 
611 	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_MIXED_MERGE)
612 		return;
613 
614 	/*
615 	 * @rq will no longer represent mixable attributes for all the
616 	 * contained bios.  It will just track those of the first one.
617 	 * Distributes the attributs to each bio.
618 	 */
619 	for (bio = rq->bio; bio; bio = bio->bi_next) {
620 		WARN_ON_ONCE((bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) &&
621 			     (bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) != ff);
622 		bio->bi_opf |= ff;
623 	}
624 	rq->rq_flags |= RQF_MIXED_MERGE;
625 }
626 
627 static void blk_account_io_merge(struct request *req)
628 {
629 	if (blk_do_io_stat(req)) {
630 		struct hd_struct *part;
631 
632 		part_stat_lock();
633 		part = req->part;
634 
635 		part_dec_in_flight(req->q, part, rq_data_dir(req));
636 
637 		hd_struct_put(part);
638 		part_stat_unlock();
639 	}
640 }
641 /*
642  * Two cases of handling DISCARD merge:
643  * If max_discard_segments > 1, the driver takes every bio
644  * as a range and send them to controller together. The ranges
645  * needn't to be contiguous.
646  * Otherwise, the bios/requests will be handled as same as
647  * others which should be contiguous.
648  */
649 static inline bool blk_discard_mergable(struct request *req)
650 {
651 	if (req_op(req) == REQ_OP_DISCARD &&
652 	    queue_max_discard_segments(req->q) > 1)
653 		return true;
654 	return false;
655 }
656 
657 static enum elv_merge blk_try_req_merge(struct request *req,
658 					struct request *next)
659 {
660 	if (blk_discard_mergable(req))
661 		return ELEVATOR_DISCARD_MERGE;
662 	else if (blk_rq_pos(req) + blk_rq_sectors(req) == blk_rq_pos(next))
663 		return ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE;
664 
665 	return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
666 }
667 
668 /*
669  * For non-mq, this has to be called with the request spinlock acquired.
670  * For mq with scheduling, the appropriate queue wide lock should be held.
671  */
672 static struct request *attempt_merge(struct request_queue *q,
673 				     struct request *req, struct request *next)
674 {
675 	if (!rq_mergeable(req) || !rq_mergeable(next))
676 		return NULL;
677 
678 	if (req_op(req) != req_op(next))
679 		return NULL;
680 
681 	if (rq_data_dir(req) != rq_data_dir(next)
682 	    || req->rq_disk != next->rq_disk)
683 		return NULL;
684 
685 	if (req_op(req) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
686 	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(req->bio, next->bio))
687 		return NULL;
688 
689 	/*
690 	 * Don't allow merge of different write hints, or for a hint with
691 	 * non-hint IO.
692 	 */
693 	if (req->write_hint != next->write_hint)
694 		return NULL;
695 
696 	if (req->ioprio != next->ioprio)
697 		return NULL;
698 
699 	/*
700 	 * If we are allowed to merge, then append bio list
701 	 * from next to rq and release next. merge_requests_fn
702 	 * will have updated segment counts, update sector
703 	 * counts here. Handle DISCARDs separately, as they
704 	 * have separate settings.
705 	 */
706 
707 	switch (blk_try_req_merge(req, next)) {
708 	case ELEVATOR_DISCARD_MERGE:
709 		if (!req_attempt_discard_merge(q, req, next))
710 			return NULL;
711 		break;
712 	case ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE:
713 		if (!ll_merge_requests_fn(q, req, next))
714 			return NULL;
715 		break;
716 	default:
717 		return NULL;
718 	}
719 
720 	/*
721 	 * If failfast settings disagree or any of the two is already
722 	 * a mixed merge, mark both as mixed before proceeding.  This
723 	 * makes sure that all involved bios have mixable attributes
724 	 * set properly.
725 	 */
726 	if (((req->rq_flags | next->rq_flags) & RQF_MIXED_MERGE) ||
727 	    (req->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) !=
728 	    (next->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK)) {
729 		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(req);
730 		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(next);
731 	}
732 
733 	/*
734 	 * At this point we have either done a back merge or front merge. We
735 	 * need the smaller start_time_ns of the merged requests to be the
736 	 * current request for accounting purposes.
737 	 */
738 	if (next->start_time_ns < req->start_time_ns)
739 		req->start_time_ns = next->start_time_ns;
740 
741 	req->biotail->bi_next = next->bio;
742 	req->biotail = next->biotail;
743 
744 	req->__data_len += blk_rq_bytes(next);
745 
746 	if (!blk_discard_mergable(req))
747 		elv_merge_requests(q, req, next);
748 
749 	/*
750 	 * 'next' is going away, so update stats accordingly
751 	 */
752 	blk_account_io_merge(next);
753 
754 	/*
755 	 * ownership of bio passed from next to req, return 'next' for
756 	 * the caller to free
757 	 */
758 	next->bio = NULL;
759 	return next;
760 }
761 
762 struct request *attempt_back_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
763 {
764 	struct request *next = elv_latter_request(q, rq);
765 
766 	if (next)
767 		return attempt_merge(q, rq, next);
768 
769 	return NULL;
770 }
771 
772 struct request *attempt_front_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
773 {
774 	struct request *prev = elv_former_request(q, rq);
775 
776 	if (prev)
777 		return attempt_merge(q, prev, rq);
778 
779 	return NULL;
780 }
781 
782 int blk_attempt_req_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
783 			  struct request *next)
784 {
785 	struct request *free;
786 
787 	free = attempt_merge(q, rq, next);
788 	if (free) {
789 		blk_put_request(free);
790 		return 1;
791 	}
792 
793 	return 0;
794 }
795 
796 bool blk_rq_merge_ok(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
797 {
798 	if (!rq_mergeable(rq) || !bio_mergeable(bio))
799 		return false;
800 
801 	if (req_op(rq) != bio_op(bio))
802 		return false;
803 
804 	/* different data direction or already started, don't merge */
805 	if (bio_data_dir(bio) != rq_data_dir(rq))
806 		return false;
807 
808 	/* must be same device */
809 	if (rq->rq_disk != bio->bi_disk)
810 		return false;
811 
812 	/* only merge integrity protected bio into ditto rq */
813 	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(rq->q, rq, bio) == false)
814 		return false;
815 
816 	/* must be using the same buffer */
817 	if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
818 	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(rq->bio, bio))
819 		return false;
820 
821 	/*
822 	 * Don't allow merge of different write hints, or for a hint with
823 	 * non-hint IO.
824 	 */
825 	if (rq->write_hint != bio->bi_write_hint)
826 		return false;
827 
828 	if (rq->ioprio != bio_prio(bio))
829 		return false;
830 
831 	return true;
832 }
833 
834 enum elv_merge blk_try_merge(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
835 {
836 	if (blk_discard_mergable(rq))
837 		return ELEVATOR_DISCARD_MERGE;
838 	else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) + blk_rq_sectors(rq) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
839 		return ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE;
840 	else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) - bio_sectors(bio) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
841 		return ELEVATOR_FRONT_MERGE;
842 	return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
843 }
844